WARSAW UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL MACHINES

ELECTRICAL MACHINES LABORATORY

SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR TESTS (SYN2)

RATINGS OF GENERATOR AND DRIVING MOTOR

Generator Motor

SN = ... UN = ... PN = ... UN = ...

IN = ... cosϕN = ... IN = ... IfN = ...
UfN = ... IfN = ... nN = ...
nN = ...

Resistances of generator windings:

- armature winding resistance R1 = ...

- field winding resistance Rf = ...

Scheme of windings and terminals’ symbols (diagram):

1. NO-LOAD CHARACTERISTIC (open-circuit characteristic)

Supply circuit of driving motor (applicable for all tests) and measuring circuit of generator
for no-load test:
 During the measurements of open-circuit curve points coordinates (o.c.c.) the speed of
the tested machine should be kept constant: n=nN. The test should be performed in such a way
that the field current If is being changed (being decreased) from its value corresponding to Ef
≈ 1.2UN to If=0. Local hysteresis loops cannot be made during measurements. The value of
residual emf Eres should be exactly measured.

No READINGS CALC
of If EU-V EU-W EV-W n Ef Notice: If during
read. A V V V rev/mi V measurements some readings
n have been made for n≠nN, the
1 emf values should be
2 recalculated into their nominal
speed values (proportional
Ef=
... relation).
ΣE/3
... 0 Eres

Draw the characteristic Ef=f(If). If Eres is of

noticeable value determine the increment ∆If by
extrapolation of the linear part of characteristic
obtained from the measurements and shift right the
curve by this value to get final open-circuit curve
of the synchronous generator.
On the basis of o.c.c determine the value of the
rated field current at no-load If0N.

If0N=....A

If0Nr = 1 (!)

No-load characteristic (o.c.c.) drawn at the figure convert into per unit values and
present it in the form of table:
Efr p.u. 0 1
Ifr p.u. 0 1

2. SHORT-CIRCUIT CHARACTERISTIC (symmetrical short-circuit)

Measuring circuit:
 Exciting circuit of generator is connected as in p.1. The measurements of short-circuit
curve (s.c.c.) should be made with n≈nN, within the range of armature current (0;IN).

No.of If IU IV IW Ik Ifr Ikr

Ik=ΣI/3
red. A A A A A p.u. p.u.
1 Ifr=If/If0N
2
3 Ikr=Ik/IN
...

Ikr If for zero field current the residual emf

Efr is of such a value that short-circuit current has
1
any noticeable level, the extrapolation of Ikr
characteristic should be made and appropriate
∆If increment determined (in the same manner
as it has been done with o.c.c.)

In common coordinates draw o.c.c. and s.c.c.

0 Ifr Efr=f(Ifr) and Ikr=f(Ifr).

1

Determine the following parameters of synchronous generator:

• rated field current at short-circuit in A and in p.u. (IfkN and IfkNr),
• short-circuit ratio
I f 0 N I f 0 Nr
Kk = =
I fkN I fkNr

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Fitzgerald A., Kingsley C., Umans S.: Electric machinery. McGraw-Hill Book Co. 1985
2. Say M.G.: Direct current electrical machines. Pitman, 1977
3. Nasar S.A., Unnewehr L.E.: Electromechanics and Electric Machines. John Wiley, 1979
4. Latek W.: Teoria maszyn elektrycznych. WNT, 1987
5. Latek W.: Badanie maszyn elektrycznych w przemyśle. WNT, 1987
6. Kamiński G., Kosk J., Przyborowski W.: Laboratorium maszyn elektrycznych. Oficyna
PW, 2005