National Institute of Technology Hamirpur (H.P.

)
B.Tech. Mid-Semester Examination, September 2019
Branch : ME Course Code : MED-412
Semester : 7th Time : 90 Mins
Course Name : Turbomachines Max. Marks : 30
Session & Time : ‘C’ & (1:30-3:00 PM) Date : 06.10.2020

NOTE: Attempt all questions which carry marks as indicated in the [ ]. Assume suitable data if missing.

Q-1. (a) What is degree of reaction in turbines? Show that the energy per unit weight of fluid transferred between the [5]
fluid and the rotor of a hydraulic turbine is given as
1
𝐻= [(𝑉 2 − 𝑉2 2 ) + (𝑢1 2 − 𝑢2 2 ) + (𝑉𝑟22 − 𝑉𝑟21 )]
2𝑔 1

(b) A Kaplan turbine working under a head of 20 m develops 11772 kW shaft power. The outer diameter of the [5]
runner is 3.5 m and hub diameter are 1.75 m. The guide blade angle at the extreme edge of the runner is 35˚.
The hydraulic and overall efficiencies of the turbine are 88% and 84% respectively. If the velocity of whirl
is zero at outlet, determine: (i) Runner vane angles at inlet and outlet at the extreme edge of the runner, (ii)
Speed of the turbine.

Q-2. (a) What is meant by cavitation? How and where does it occurs in turbine and centrifugal pump? Write a short [4]
note on governing. Describe an expression for the specific speed of a hydraulic turbine.
(b) An inward flow reaction turbine working under a head of H has inlet and outlet vane angles both equal to 90˚. [6]
Show that the peripheral velocity is given by

2𝑔𝐻
𝑈1 = √
2 + 𝐶 2 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝛼
Where 𝛼 is Guide blade angle and C is the ratio of flow at inlet and outlet. Also show that the hydraulic
efficiency can be expressed as
2
𝜂ℎ =
2 + 𝐶 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝛼
2

Q-3. (a) What is priming? What is draft tube? Mention the name of various types of draft tube used in reaction turbines. [4]
Derive an expression for the efficiency of draft tube.
(b) The following data refer to a centrifugal pump which is designed to run at 1000 rpm against a head of 70 m. [6]
The diameter of impeller at inlet and outlet = 300 mm and 600 mm
Width of impeller at inlet and outlet = 100 mm and 50 mm respectively
Vane angle at inlet = 30˚, Discharge = 400 litres/s
(a) The Vane angle at Inlet,
(b) Theoretical head developed
(c) Manometric efficiency and
(d) Power required to drive the pump it the overall efficiency is 70 %, Also find the corresponding mechanical
efficiency.