ChE 411A: FLUID MECHANICS

SOURC TOPIC QUESTION

E
1. is the relative viscosity of the fluid to that of water at 20 0C.
a) absolute viscosity c) relative viscosity
b) kinematic viscosity d) Newtonian viscosity
UP Archimedes A piece of glass weighs 258.6 g in air, 152.6 g in water at 4 0C and 92 g in sulphuric acid. Calculate the specific gravity
Diliman Principle of the sulphuric acid.
a) 0.85 b) 1.57 c) 2.44 d) 3.12
UP Archimedes One of King Hero’s crowns was found to have weight 13N in air. What is its specific gravity if Archimedes found it
Diliman Principle weighing 11.5N in water?
a) 10.83 b) 11.23 c) 12.43 d) 14.72
UP Archimedes An ore sample weighs 15N in air. When the sample is suspended by light chord and totally immersed in water, the
Diliman Principle tension in the cord is 10.80N. Find the total volume of the sample.
a) 4E-4 m3 b) 5.67E-4 m3 c) 3.45E-4 m3 d) 4.28E-4 m3
UP Archimedes A wooden cube that is 15 centimeters on each side with a specific weight of 6300 N/m 3 is floating in fresh water
Diliman Principle (=9810 N/m3). What is the depth of the cube below the surface?
a) 8.75 cm b) 9.12 cm c) 9.64 cm d) 10.12 cm

UP Archimedes A cube is 1.25 ft on each side floats in water. If the specific gravity of the cube is 0.60, what is the submerged
Diliman Principle depth of the cube?
a) 0.25 ft b) 0.45 ft c) 0.55 ft d) 0.75 ft
UP Archimedes A cylindrical wooden block of height 3 m and mass 80 kg floats vertically in water. If the specific gravity is 0.80,
Diliman Principle how much will it be depressed when a body of mass 10 kg is placed on its upper surface?
a) 0.45 m b) 0.40m c) 0.35 m d) 0.30 m
UP Archimedes A hollow plastic sphere is held below the surface of a freash water lake by a cable anchored to the bottom of the
Diliman Principle lake. The sphere has a volume of 0.300 m3, and the tension on th cable is 900N. Calculate the mass of the sphere.
a) 302.45 kg b) 435.25 kg c) 208.25 kg d) 307.35 kg
UP Archimedes The weight of the balloon and the gas it contains is 11.12 kN. If the balloon displaced 1132 m 3 of air and weight of 1
Diliman Principle m3 of air is 12.3N, what is the acceleration with which the balloon begins to rise?
a) 2.47 m/s b) 2.0 m/s c) 3.24 m/s d) 3.76 m/s
UP Archimedes A helium balloon is at the same pressure and temperature as the surrounding air (1 atm, 20 0C) and has a diameter of 3
Diliman Principle m. The weight of the plastic skin of the balloon is negligible. How much payload can the balloon lift?
a) 122.9 N b) 132.1 N c) 144.2 N d) 150.1 N
UP Archimedes It is planned to lift and move logs from almost inaccessible forest areas by means of balloons. Helium at atmospheric
Diliman Principle (101.325 KPa) and temperature 21.1 0C is to be used in balloons. What minimum balloon diameter (assume spherical
shape) will be required for gross lifting force of 20,000 kg? Gas constant for air and helium are 287.08 and 2077.67
J/kg-K, respectively
a) 16.65 m b) 33.3 m c) 44.4 m d) 48.4 m
UP Archimedes A block of wood floats in water with 15 cm projecting above the water surface. If the same block were placed in
Diliman Principle alcohol of specific gravity 0.82, the block would project 10 cm above the surface of the alcohol. The specific gravity
of the wood block is
a) 0.5 b) 0.6 c) 0.67 d) 3.0
Archimedes A block of wood floats in water with 6 inches projecting above the water surface. If the same block were placed in
Principle alcohol of specific gravity 0.82, the block would project 4 inches above the surface of the alcohol. The specific
gravity of the wood block is
a) 0.9 b) 0.8 c) 0.7 d) 0.6
Archimedes A block of wood floats in water with 7 inches projecting above the water surface. It is then placed in alcohol of
Principle specific gravity 0.82, the block would project 4 inches above the surface of the alcohol. What is the specific gravity
of the block?
a) 0.98 b) 0.73 c) 0.68 d) 0.66
Archimedes An ice berg has a density of 57.1 lb/ft 3. If it floats in fresh water, what percent of the iceberg’s volume will be
 ChE 411A: FLUID MECHANICS
Principle visible?
a) 10.5% b) 7.5% c) 8.5% d) 5.5%
Archimedes The ice in an iceberg has a specific gravity of 0.922. When floating in seawater (SG=1.03), the percentage of its
Principle exposed volume is nearest to
a) 5.6 b) 7.4 c) 8.9 d) 10.5
Archimedes An iceberg has a specific weight of 9000 N/m3 in ocean water, which has a specific weight of 10,000 N/m3. Above
Principle water surface, it was observed that a volume of 2800 m 3 of the iceberg protruded. Determine the volume of the
iceberg below the free surface of the ocean.
a) 23000 m3 b) 25000 m3 c) 35000 m3 d) 38000 m3
Capillary Estimate the height to which water at 21 C will rise in a capillary tube of diameter 3.05 cm. Assume it is clean glass
0

of contact angle 00 and surface tension of 0.0729.

a) 9.75 mm b) 5.56 mm c) 7.35 mm d) 8.67 mm
Continuity Water is flowing in a 5 cm diameter pipe at a velocity of 5 m/s. The pipe expands to a 10 cm diameter pipe. Find the
equation volumetric flow rate in the 10 cm diameter pipe.
a) 589 L/min b) 610 L/min c) 615 L/min d) 621 L/min
Continuity A fluid moves in a steady flow manner between two sections in a flow line. At section 1: A1=1 ft 2, v1=100 fpm, specific
equation volume=4 ft3/lb. At section 2: A2=2 ft2, density=0.20 lb/ft3. Calculate the velocity at section 2.
a) 10.42 fps b) 12.80 fps c) 13.21 fps d) 14.20 fps
Continuity Water flows through an 8 inch sched 40 steel pipe at an average velocity of 6 ft/s. Downstream the pipe splits into
equation an 8-inch main and a 2 inch sched 40 bypass pipe. If the velocity in the bypass is twice the velocity of the main pipe,
the volumetric flowrate (ft3/s) in the main pipe is
a) 10.58 b) 5.29 c) 1.84 d) 0.25
Continuity In a natural gas pipeline at station 1 the pipe diameter is 2 ft and the flow conditions are 800 psia, 60 0F and 50 ft/s
equation velocity. At station 2, the pipe diameter is 3 ft and the flow conditions are 500 psia, 60 0F. What is the velocity at
station 2?
a) 10.1 m/s b) 11.3 m/s c) 11.9 m/s d) 12.7 m/s
Continuity In a natural gas pipeline at station 1 the pipe diameter is 2 ft and the flow conditions are 800 psia, 60 0F and 50 ft/s
equation velocity. At station 2, the pipe diameter is 3 ft and the flow conditions are 500 psia, 60 0F. What is the mass flow
rate in kg/s?
a) 170 b) 176 c) 184 d) 198

Continuity A 150 mm diameter pipe carries 81.3 L/s of water. The pipe branches into two pies one 50 mm in diameter and the
equation other is 75 mm. What is the velocity in the 75 mm pipe if the velocity of the flow in the 50 mm pipe is 10 m/s?
 ChE 411A: FLUID MECHANICS
a) 13.96 m/s b) 15.67 m/s c) 17.25 m/s d) 19.43 m/s
Continuity Water at a temperature of 80 0F flows through two separate pipes 10 and 12 inches in diameter. If the mean velocity
equation of flow in the 12 inch pipe is 6 fps, the velocity of flow in the 10 inch pipe will be:
a) 6.6 fps b) 6.8 fps c) 7 fps d) 7.2 fps
Continuity Oil (specific gravity of 0.80 and a viscosity of 0.000042 lbf-s/ft 2) at a temperature of 800F flows through two
equation separate pipes 10 and 12 inches in diameter. If the mean velocity of flow in the 120inch pipe is 6 fps, the velocity of
flow in the 10 inch pipe will be
a) 21.0 fps b) 21.5 fps c) 22.0 fps d) 22.5 fps
Air flows steadily and adiabatically through a horizontal straight pipe. The air enters at 100 psia, 100 0F and at a
linear velocity of 10 fps. The air leaves at 2 psia. What is the outlet temperature of the air?
a) 1200F b) 800F c) 650F d) 580F
Torreceilli’ A cylindrical bucket, open at the top, 0.200 m high and 0.100 m in diameter. A circular hole with cross-sectional area
s Theorem 1 cm2 is cut in the center of the bottom of the bucket. Water flows into the bucket from a tube above it at the rate
of 1.30 x 10-4 m3/s. How high will the water in the bucket rise?
a) 1.25 m b) 2.52 m c) 4.67 m d) 8.62 m
Bernoulli A hose shoots water straight up a distance of 2.5 m. The end opening on the hose has an area of 0.75 cm 2. How much
Eq’n water comes out in 1 minute?
a) 13.5L b) 31.5L c) 41.5L d) 130.5L

Bernoulli Water is flowing in an open channel at a depth of 2 m and a velocity of 3 m/s. It flows down a chute into another
Eq’n channel where the depth is 1 m and the velocity is 10 m/s. Neglecting friction, determine the difference in elevation
of the channel floors.
a) 3.64 m b) 3.90 m c) 4.15 m d) 4.28 m
Bernoulli Water is flowing in a 5 centimeter diameter pipe at a velocity of 5 m/s. The pipe expands to a 10 cm diameter pipe.
Eq’n Calculate the pressure just after the expansion to the 10 cm diameter pipe if the pressure in the 5 cm pipe is 300
kPa. Friction is negligible.
a) 301.5 kPa b) 314.9 kPa c) 311.7 kPa d) 317.4 kPa
Bernoulli A sealed tank containing seawater to a height of 12 m also contains air above the water at gage pressure 5 atm.
Eq’n Water flows out from the bottom through a small hole. Calculate the efflux speed of the water.
a) 35.45 m/s b) 34.92 m/s c) 45.24 m/s d) 20.45 m/s
Bernoulli A 6 inch sch40 pipe is 3000 ft long. The outlet is 100 ft above the inlet. If oil (SG=0.9 and =2.2 cp) is pumped
Eq’n through the pipe at 750 gpm, what pressure must the pump develop at the inlet of the pipe if the outlet pressure is
maintained at 50 psig?
a) 85 psia b) 110 psia c) 140 psia d) 150 psia
Bernoulli A town derives its water supply from a lake nearby, pumping it up to a standpipe on the highest hill. The intake to the
Eq’n system is 10 ft below the lake surface, the inlet to the pump is 15 ft above the lake surface and the water level in the
tower is kept constant at 310 ft above the pump discharge. The friction loss is 140 ftof water through the 6000 ft
of 4 inch pipeline which includes the total equivalent length of all piping from the lake to the water tower. If the
 ChE 411A: FLUID MECHANICS
pump capacity is 6000 gph and the water pump set is 85% efficient, what would be the hourly pumping cost if the
electric power is P7.50 per hour?
a) Php 77.40 b) Php 139.30 c) Php 189.50 d) Php 203.60
Reynold’s A 70.874 L/s of water flowing in a round pipe such that the flow remains laminar. Considering that the critical
Number Reynold’s number to be 2000, what is the diameter of the pipe necessary to ensure laminar flow? Kinematic viscosity
of water is 4.75 x 10-5 ft/s
a) 33.50 ft b) 41.70 ft c) 12.50 ft d) 37.50 ft
Reynold’s If 98% sulphuric acid of viscosity 0.025 N-s/m 2 and density of 1840 kg/m3 is pumped at 685 cm3/s through a 25 mm
Number line, what is the value of the Reynold’s number?
a) 2572 b) 1.26E9 c) 1.3E6 d) 1384
Reynold’s At what critical speed which the flow of water in a long cylindrical pipe of diameter 2 cm becomes turbulent
Number considering that the temperature is 200C, viscosity is 1E-3 Pa-s and the critical Reynolds number is 3000
a) 0.35 m/s b) 0.25 m/s c) 0.234 m/s d) 0.15 m/s
Reynold’s Gasoline at 200C ( SG=0.719, viscosity of 0.000292 Pa-s) flows at the rate of 2 L/s through a pipe having an inside
Number diameter of 60 mm. Determine the Reynolds number.
a) 104,400 b) 98,100 c) 82,090 d) 72,100
Reynolds Air at 300C and 5 bars is flowing inside a ½ inch sch40 steel pipe. If the flow is 4 ft 3/min at STP, what will be the
Number Reynolds number?
a) 3.91 x 105 b) 5.31 x 105 c) 6.53 x 104 d) 3.91 x 104
Velocity An oil flowing at a rate of 0.001 m /s through an 8 cm diameter pipe has a kinematic viscosity of 2E-5 m 2/s and the
3

distribution specific gravity of 0.85. What is the centreline velocity?

a) 0.235 m/s b) 0.398 m/s c) 0.547 m/s d) 0.678 m/s
Velocity A liquid is pumped in streamline flow through a pipe of diameter D. At what distance from the center of the pipe will
distribution the fluid be flowing at the average velocity?
a) 0.15D b) 0.22D c) 0.35D d) 0.41D
Velocity Water at 1000F is flowing through a long straight 4-inch schedule 40 steel pipe at a rate of 6.2 gpm. What is the
distribution velocity at the center of the pipe?
a) 0.156 ft/s b) 0.20 ft/s c) 0.40 ft/s d) 0.56 ft/s
Velocity Water at 1000F is flowing through a long straight 4-inch schedule 40 steel pipe at a rate of 1 gpm. The length of the
distribution pipe is 10 feet, find the velocity at the center of the pipe in feet per second?
a) 0.0252 b) 0.0378 c) 0.0454 d) 0.0504
UP Continuity Water is flowing in a pipe of varying cross-sectional area and at all points the water completely fills the pipe. The
Diliman equation cross-sectional area at point 1 is 0.80 m 2, and the velocity is 3.5 m/s. Compute the fluid’s velocity at point 2 where
the cross-sectional area is 0.60 m2.
a) 5.22 m/s b) 4.67 m/s c) 3.25 m/s d) 2.57 m/s

SOL’N: Density of water is essentially constant, thus continuity equation:

1v1A1 = 2v2A2
m
v=
v A
=1
( 3.5 ) (0.80 m )
1s
=4.67
m
2

2
A2 (0.60 m2) s
UP Bernoulli A cylindrical pipe with water flowing downward at 0.02 m 3/s having top diameter of 0.08 m, bottom diameter of 0.04
Diliman Eq’n m and height of 1.5m. Find the pressure between the pipe.
a) 94 KPa b) 104KPa c) 124 KPa d) 134 KPa
 ChE 411A: FLUID MECHANICS

Bernoulli A pressure tank contains a fluid with weight density 81.5 lbf/ft 3. The pressure in the air space is 100 psia. Fluid
Eq’n exits to the atmosphere from the bottom of the tank. What is the exit velocity? The distance from the surface of
the fluid to the exit point is 10 feet.
a) 25.4 ft/s b) 98.5 ft/s c) 101.7 ft/s d) 106.6 ft/s

Bernoulli A 60-cm water pipe carries a flow of 0.1 m 3/s. At point A the elevation is 50 meters and the pressure is 200 kPa. At
Eq’n point B, 1200 meters downstream of A, the elevation is 40 meters and the pressure is 230 kPa. The head loss, in
feet, between A and B is
a) 6.94 b) 15.0 c) 22.77 d) 100.2

SOL’N:
 ChE 411A: FLUID MECHANICS

1. A rectangular duct 4m x 1.5 m in cross section carries conditioned air, its equivalent diameter is
a) 1.5 m b) 2.18 m c) 2.18 ft d) 2.75 m
 ChE 411A: FLUID MECHANICS

2. Oil with a viscosity of 30 cP and a density of 60 lb/ft 3 flows through a ½ inch inside diameter pipe. Determine
the velocity in ft/s below which flow will be laminar.
a) 87.20 b) 0.63 c) 13.10 d) 16.90

UP Continuity A pipe has a diameter of 4 inch at section AA and a diameter of 2 inch at section BB. For an ideal fluid flow, the
Diliman Equation velocity is given as 1 ft/s at section AA. What is the flow velocity at section BB?
a) 0.25 ft/s b) 0.50 ft/s c) 2 ft/s d) 4 ft/s
UP Bernoulli 1. Water flows through a horizontal coil heated by steam condensing on the outside. If the inlet pressure and
Diliman Equation temperature are 2 atm and 1600F and at the exit 1 atm and 220 0F, calculate the heat added (Btu) to the coil per
pound mass of water. The entering velocity is 5 ft/s and the leaving is 500 ft/s. Data: H1=127.9 Btu/lb and
H2=1154.4 Btu/lb
a) 1277 b) 1042 c) 1031 d) 1022
 ChE 411A: FLUID MECHANICS

2. Hydraulic radius of a 3 ft equilateral triangle channel below is

a) 0.29 b) 0.38 ft c) 0.49 ft d) no answer

 ChE 411A: FLUID MECHANICS

3. Hydraulic radius of a 4 ft equilateral triangle channel below is

3 ft 3 ft

4 ft
a) 0.31 ft b) 0.54 ft c) 0.65 ft d) no answer
 ChE 411A: FLUID MECHANICS

OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS:
MEDINA Intro to In an incompressible fluid, density
Fluid a) is greatly affected by moderate changes in pressure
Mechanics b) is greatly affected only by moderate changes in temperature
c) remains unaffected with moderate change in temperature and pressure
d) is sensitive to changes in both temperature and pressure
MEDINA Newton’s Law of Viscosity relates
a) shear stress and velocity
b) velocity gradient and pressure intensity
c) shear stress and rate of angular deformation in the fluid
d) pressure gradient and rate of angular deformation
MEDINA Choose the set of pressure intensities that are equivalent
a) 4.33 psi, 10 ft of water, 8.83 in Hg
b) 4.33 psi, 10 ft of water, 38.7 in Hg
c) 10 psi, 19.7 ft of water, 23.3 in Hg
d) 10 psi, 19.7 ft water, 12.1 in Hg
MEDINA In turbulent flow
a) the fluid particles move in an orderly manner
b) momentum transfer is on molecular scale only
c) shear stress is caused more effectively by cohesion than momentum transfer
d) shear stresses are generally larger than in a similar laminar flow
MEDINA Bernoulli’s equation describes
a) mechanical energy balance in potential flow
b) kinetic energy balance in laminar flow
c) mechanical energy balance in turbulent flow
d) mechanical energy balance in boundary layer
MEDINA The loss due to sudden expansion is
3
v 21−v 22 ( v 1−v 2 ) v 1−v 2
a) b) c) d) no answer
2 gC 2 gC 2 gC
MEDINA The velocity profile for turbulent flow through a closed conduit is
a) logarithmic b) parabolic c) hyperbolic d) linear
MEDINA Isotropic turbulence occurs
a) where there is no velocity gradient
b) at higher temperatures
c) only in Newtonian fluid
d) no answer
MEDINA At low Reynolds number
a) Viscous forces control and inertial forces are unimportant.
b) Inertial forces control and viscous forces are unimportant.
c) Gravity controls and viscous forces are unimportant.
d) Viscous forces predominate.
MEDINA Pressure drop in a packed bed for laminar flow is given by
a) Kozeny-Carman equation
b) Blake-Plummer equation
c) Leva’s equation
d) no answer
 ChE 411A: FLUID MECHANICS
MEDINA Pressure drop in a packed bed for turbulent flow is given by
a) Kozeny-Carman equation
b) Blake-Plummer equation
c) Leva’s equation
d) no answer
MEDINA In continuous fluidization
a) solids are completely entrained
b) the pressure drop less than that for batch fluidization
c) there is no entrainment of solids
d) velocity of the fluid is very small
MEDINA Minimum porosity for fluidization is
(a) that corresponding to static bed
(b) that corresponding to completely fluidized bed
(c) the porosity of the bed when true fluidization begins
less than that of the static bed
MEDINA Cavitation occurs in a centrifugal pump when
(a) the suction pressure < vapour pressure of the liquid at that temperature
(b) the suction pressure > vapour pressure of the liquid at that temperature
(c) the suction pressure = vapour pressure
the suction pressure = developed head
This event occurs when vapor pockets form in a liquid flow because of the local reductions in pressure
a) Water hammer c) Boiling point elevation
b) Cavitation d) Flow separation
Bernoulli When the of a fluid in a horizontal pipe is laminar, the pressure drop is
Equation a) proportional to the first power of the velocity
b) proportional to the square of velocity
c) independent of the velocity
d) inversely proportional to the first power of the velocity
The power required by an ideal centrifugal pump is directly proportional to the
a) square of the impeller speed
b) cube of the impeller speed
c) volumetric flowrate
d) square root of the impeller speed
UP Diliman It is the ratio of the velocity of flow to the velocity of sound
a) mach number b) Reynolds number c) Stanton number d) peclet number
It is a dimensionless quantity which is proportional to the ratio of inertial force to viscous force in a flow
system.
a) Reynolds number b) Grashof number c) Prandtl number d) Nusselt number
Which of the following types of flow indicates that the Mach Number is equal to 1?
a) subsonic b) sonic c) supersonic d) hypersonic
1. Valves that cannot be used for flow control
a) Gate b) Check c) Globe d) plug & ball
2. If two centrifugal pumps are placed in series, the overall pressure increase for a total flow rate Q
will be _______ that it is for a single pump with the same flow rate Q.
a) 1/2 b) 2 c) 4 d) ¼
3. Fittings that join two streams to form a third stream or for branch connections
a) Plugs b) Reducers c) Tees d) Union
A cast iron pipe of equilateral triangular cross section with side of 20.75 inch has water flowing through it. The
flowrate is 6000 gpm, and the friction factor is 0.017. What is the pressure drop in a 100 ft pipe section?
a) 178.5 lbf/ft2 c) 704.1 lbf/ft2
b) 309.7 lbf/ft2 d) 16.6 x 106 lbf/ft2
ChE 411A: FLUID MECHANICS
ChE 411A: FLUID MECHANICS
 ChE 411A: FLUID MECHANICS

Air flows past a 2 inch diameter sphere at 100 ft/sec. What is the drag force experienced by the sphere
given that it has a coefficient of drag of 0.5 and that the density of the air is 0.0753 lbm/ft 3?
a) 0.064 b) 0.137 c) 0.244 d) 0.256
 ChE 411A: FLUID MECHANICS

1. The driving force that causes a fluid to move from one point to another is the difference in at 2 points
a) Pressure b) Velocity c) Temperature d) Mass
2. Which of the following is not a process variable?
a) level b) pressure c) flowrate d) density
3. Which is not a characteristic of an ideal fluid?
a) Inviscid c) Newtonian
b) Incompressible d) Zero Shear Stress
4. The general purpose of which is to measure the differential pressures
a) manometer b) venturi c) barometer d) orifice
5. Erosion and pits formation on the impeller of a centrifugal pump may be due to
a) Flashing c) Fluid boils due to low pressure
b) Cavitation d) Lowering of fluid pressure
6. A pipe’s bursting pressure is directly proportional to its
a) Inside diameter c) Outside diameter
 ChE 411A: FLUID MECHANICS
b) Schedule number d) Length
7. One dimensional flow implies
a) flow in the straight line
b) steady uniform flow
c) unsteady uniform flow
d) flow which does not account changes in transverse direction
8. A pump operating under specific conditions delivers insufficient quantity of liquid. This may be set right by
a) decreasing the inlet pipe size
b) increasing the outlet pipe size
c) lower the height of the discharge tank
d) lower the pump position
9. Path followed by water jet issuing from the bottom of a water tank will be a
a) parabola c) hyperbolic
b) horizontal straight line d) zig-zag path
10. A glycerine filled pressure gauge will dampen the effect of
a) Overpressure c) Steam applications
b) Pulsation d) Corrosive materials
11. The ratio of average fluid velocity to the maximum velocity in a laminar flow of a Newtonian fluid in a circular pipe
a) 0.5 b) 1 c) 1.66 d) 2
12. The normal stress is the same in all directions at a point in a fluid, when the fluid is
a) Inviscid
b) Incompressible
c) Both (a) and (b)
d) Having no motion of one fluid layer relative to the other
13. According to the affinity laws for dynamic type pumps, this varies with the square of the impeller diameter and speed.
a) Power b) Head c) Capacity d) Flowrate
14. Nominal size of the discharge pipe of a pump is usually __________ the nominal size of the inlet pipe.
a) smaller than b) larger than c) same as d) twice
15. It is the relative viscosity of a fluid to that of water at 20 0C.
a) absolute viscosity c) relative viscosity
b) kinematic viscosity d) Newtonian viscosity
16. Priming needed in a
a) gear pump c) reciprocating pump
b) centrifugal pump d) diaphragm pump
17. A leak from a faucet comes out in separate drops. Which of the following is the main cause of this phenomenon?
a) cohesion and adhesion c) gravity
b) viscosity of the fluid d) surface tension
18. NPSH of a centrifugal pump is defined as the sum of the velocity head and the pressure head at the
a) Suction
b) Discharge
c) suction minus vapor pressure of the liquid at suction temperature
d) discharge minus vapor pressure of the liquid at the discharge temperature
19. In case of hydraulically smooth pipe, the resistance to flow depends only on the Reynolds number, whereas for a hydraulically rough pipe,
the resistance to flow is governed by the relative roughness. Two pipes are said to have the same hydraulic roughness, when they have
equal values of
a) Friction coefficient for flows at equal Reynolds number
b) Relative roughness
c) Absolute roughness
d) All of the above
20. Which of the following meters will have the highest permanent pressure loss?
a) pitot tube b) orifice c) venturi d) rotameter
21. If the pressure of a gas increases, the viscosity
a) increases c) decreases
b) remains the same d) insufficient data
22. Valves were pressure drop is large
a) Gate b) Globe c) Check d) Butterfly
23. Shear stress in a fluid flowing in a round pipe
a) varies parabolically across the cross-section.
b) remains constant over the cross-section.
c) is zero at the center and varies linearly with the radius.
d) is zero at the wall and increases linearly to the center.
24. Which of the following denotes the effect of compressibility in fluid flow?
 ChE 411A: FLUID MECHANICS
a) Reynolds Number c) Weber Number
b) Mach Number d) Power Number
25. The Fanning friction factor for fluid flow in pipe does not depend upon the
a) pipe length c) fluid density & viscosity
b) pipe roughness d) fluid’s mass flowrate
26. For a particle settling in water at its terminal settling velocity, which of the following is true?
a) Buoyancy = weight + drag c) Drag = buoyancy + weight
b) Weight = buoyancy + drag d) Drag = weight
27. The differential height between two points where a fluid has to be transferred is the head
a) Dynamic b) Velocity c) Pressure d) Potential
28. The terminal velocity of a small sphere settling in a viscous fluid varies as the
a) first power of its diameter
b) inverse of the fluid viscosity
c) inverse square of the diameter
d) square of the difference in specific weights of solid & fluid
29. Valve where direction of fluid flow does not change
a) Gate b) Globe c) Ball d) Needle
30. It is the relative viscosity of a fluid to that of water at 20 0C.
a) absolute viscosity c) relative viscosity
b) kinematic viscosity d) Newtonian viscosity
31. A measure of the resistance of a fluid to shear or angular deformation
a) Viscosity c) roughness parameter
b) Fanning friction d) Surface tension
32. Valves that are not used for throttling
a) Gate b) Globe c) Ball d) Butterfly
33. Volute type of casing is provided in a centrifugal pump to
a) convert velocity head to pressure head
b) convert pressure head to velocity head
c) reduce the discharge fluctuation
d) increase the discharge
34. Which of the following must be satisfied by the flow of any fluid, real or ideal?
I. Newton’s Second Law of Motion
II. The continuity equation
III. The requirement for a uniform velocity
distribution
IV. Newton’s Law of Viscosity
V. Principle of Conservation of Energy
a) I, II, III c) I, II, III, IV
b) I, II, V d) I, II, IV, V
35. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
a) Steady flow does not change with time at any point.
b) Reynolds number is the ratio of the viscous force to the inertial force.
c) Bernoulli’s equation only holds on the same streamline.
d) For a fluid at rest, the pressure is equal in all lateral directions.
36. Consider two pipes of same length and diameter through which water is passed at the same velocity. The friction factor for rough pipe is f 1
and that for smooth pipe is f2. Pick out the correct statement.
a) f1 = f2 c) f1 < f2
b) f1 > f2 d) data not sufficient to relate f1 and f2
37. If a pressure gauge will be used in the food and beverage industry it is recommended that the gauge is connected to a
a) snubber b) siphon c) diaphragm seal d) safety valve
38. When the water is warm, the height to which it can be lifted by a pump
a) decreases due to reduced velocity
b) decreases due to increased frictional resistance
c) decreases due to reduced vapor pressure
d) no answer
39. Which of the following is used to measure gage pressure?
a) Piezometer c) Manometer
b) Barometer d) Pycnometer
 ChE 411A: FLUID MECHANICS
40. Which of the following quantities are computed by using the hydraulic radius for non-circular ducts
a) Velocity and relative roughness
b) Head loss and velocity
c) Reynold number, relative roughness and head loss
d) Reynolds number and friction factor
41. Pressure level measured with respect at atmospheric pressure are termed as
a) absolute pressure c) vacuum
b) gage pressure d) differential pressure
42. Use for increasing the velocity of a fluid in steady flow is a
a) Nozzle b) Orifice c) Pitot d) Venturi
43. Blood is an example of a fluid
a) Newtonian c) Bingham plastic
b) Dilatant d) Pseudoplastic
44. Which of the following fittings exhibits the highest pressure drop for the same flow conditions?
a) 900 long radius elbow c) 450 standard elbow
b) 90 standard elbow
0
d) square-corner elbow
45. The most important factor which determines the maximum height to which water can be lifted by a pump at standard temperature is
a) barometric pressure c) impeller diameter
b) speed of the impeller d) both (b) and (c)
46. At high Reynolds number
a) Viscous forces control and inertial forces are unimportant.
b) Inertial forces control and viscous forces are unimportant.
c) Gravity controls and viscous forces are unimportant.
d) Viscous forces predominate.
47. Where does the maximum stress occur in a laminar flow of incompressible fluid in a closed conduit of diameter “d”
a) at d/4 from the wall c) at the conduit’s center
b) at d/8 from the wall d) at the wall
48. Terminal velocity is
a) velocity with constant acceleration
b) constant velocity with no acceleration
c) a fluctuating velocity
d) attained after moving one-haft of total distance
49. The higher the BWG rating of a tube, the lower is the
a) strength c) length of a tube section
b) area of flow d) grade of the metal used
50. It offers physical explanations why atmospheric pressure changes with altitude, why wood and oil float on water and why the surface of
water is always flat and horizontal whatever the shape of its container.
a) Newton’s Law c) Fluid Mechanics
b) Bernoulli’s Equation d) Hydrostatic Principle
51. The loss due to sudden contraction is proportional to
a) Dynamic head c) Pressure head
b) Velocity head d) Potential head
52. The pressure at a point is
a) Zero c) Changes due to direction
b) Constant d) Infinite
53. Used for the continuous separation of two immiscible liquids of differing densities
a) gravity decanter c) centrifugal decanter
b) centrifuge d) clarifying centrifuge
54. Most economical valve for use with large diameter pipes.
a) Gate b) Globe c) Needle d) Butterfly
55. During ageing of fluid carrying pipes, the
a) pipe becomes smoother with use
b) friction factor increases linearly with time
c) absolute roughness decreases with time
d) absolute roughness increases linearly with time
56. Drag is defined as the force exerted by the
a) fluid on the solid in a direction opposite to flow
b) fluid on the solid in the direction of flow
 ChE 411A: FLUID MECHANICS
c) solid on the fluid
d) none of these
57. For the transfer of solution of corrosive or thick slurry, the pump used is a __________ pump.
a) Reciprocating c) Gear pump
b) Diaphragm d) Centrifugal pump
58. The dimensionless number that characterizes the flow of fluids in a conduit is
a) Nusselt Number c) Grashoff Number
b) Mach Number d) Reynolds Number
59. The dimensionless number that characterizes the flow of incompressible fluids through a closed channel
a) Nusselt Number c) Froude Number
b) Mach Number d) Reynolds Number
60. Which of the following is not true?
a) A pump will operate safely if its NPSH is greater than zero
b) Fans and blowers are used to transport gases
c) Pumps and blowers increase the mechanical energy of the fluid
d) The power loss due to friction in a venturi meter is greater than in an orifice meter
61. Which of the following characterizes the viscosity of a Bingham plastic?
a) Viscosity decreases with increasing deformation rate
b) Viscosity increases with increasing deformation rate
c) Viscosity is constant after a minimum yield stress is exceeded
d) Viscosity is constant
62. When studying flow in a pipe, the main concern is
a) Major losses are always greater than minor losses
b) Minor losses depend very sensitively on the pipe roughness
c) Major losses are reduced by decreasing pipe wall roughness
d) Bernoulli’s equation is always valid
63. A simple pitot tube measures
a) acoustical velocity c) mean linear velocity
b) superficial velocity d) local velocity
64. The pressure exerted on a plane parallel to the direction of flow of a moving fluid is called
a) gauge pressure c) tangential pressure
b) velocity pressure d) static pressure
65. The terminal velocity of a small sphere settling in a viscous fluid varies as the
a) first power of its diameter
b) inverse of the fluid viscosity
c) inverse square of the diameter
d) square of the difference in specific weights of solid & fluid
66. What do you call the input power delivered by the motor to the pump?
a) Hydraulic power c) Power
b) Brake horsepower d) Shaft work
67. Fittings that join two pieces of pipe
a) Elbows b) Flanges c) Reducers d) Couplings
68. Power loss in an orifice meter is __________ that in a venturi meter.
a) same as b) less than c) more than d) no answer
69. All pipes of a particular nominal size have the same
a) cross-section b) thickness c) ID d) OD
70. The terminal velocity of a particle moving through a fluid varies as d Pn. The value of “n” for Newton's law regime is
a) 0.5 b) 1 c) 1.5 d) 2
71. The head loss in turbulent flow in a pipe varies
a) as velocity c) inversely as the square of diameter
b) as (velocity)2 d) inversely as the velocity
72. Steam at 200 psia and 600 0F enters a turbine through 3 inch pipeline with a velocity of 10 ft/s. The exhaust from the turbine is carried
through a standard 10 inch pipeline and is at 4 psia and 160 0F. Data: H1=1321.4 BTU/lb, vS1 =3.059 ft3/lb, H2=1129.3 BTU/lb, vs2 =92.15
ft3/lb. What is the horsepower output of the turbine, assuming no heat losses.
a) 40.2 b) 43.1 c) 45.6 d) 47.5
73. At the plane’s nozzle, the air temperature is 400 K and the plane’s velocity is 450 m/s. The plane’s speed is at
 ChE 411A: FLUID MECHANICS
a) subsonic b) sonic c) supersonic d) hypersonic
74. When the ID of the pipe through which a fluid flows is doubled, the pressure loss due to friction per unit length of pipe and for the same
volumetric flowrate is changed by approximately factor of
a) 1/8 b) 1/16 c) 1/32 d) 1/64
75. A cylinder 10 ft long and 2 ft in diameter is vertically suspended in air flowing at 8 ft/s. The drag coefficient of the cylinder is 1.3. The
drag (in lbf) on the cylinder is
a) 0.33 b) 2.09 c) 10.55 d) 67.16
76. A pump delivering 500 gpm at 1150 RPM and 50 ft head requires 10 hp. What will be its capacity if its speed is increased to 1750 rpm?
a) 1000 gpm b) 760 gpm c) 618 gpm d) 329 gpm
77. Six inch schedule 80 steel pipes are used to transport high pressure steam. The pipe joints are to be butt-welded. The safe working fiber
stress for butt welded pipes is 550 kg/cm 2. Calculate the maximum steam pressure the pipes can handle in kg/cm 2.
a) 44 b) 145.5 c) 687.5 d) 6875
78. Calculate the Reynolds number of water at 20 0C flowing in an open channel at 200 gal/s. The channel has a height of 4 feet and a width of
8 feet.
a) 6 x 105 b) 8 x 105 c) 1 x 106 d) 1.2 x 106
79. Sulfuric acid is pumped at 3 kg/s through a 60-m length of smooth 25 mm pipe. If the pressure drop falls by one-half, what will be the new
flow rate [kg/s]? Assume the following properties of H2SO4: SG=1.84, viscosity=25 cP.
a) 3 b) 2 c) 0.2 d) 0.124
80. The fluid in a manometer tube is 60% water and 40% alcohol (SG = 0.8). What is the manometer fluid height difference if a 6.2 psi
pressure is applied across the two ends of a manometer?
a) 15.5 in b) 186 in c) 36 in d) 215 in
81. A hose shoots water straight up for a distance of 2.5m. The end opening on the hose has an area of 0.75 cm 2. How much cubic meter of
water comes out in 1 hour?
a) 0.78 b) 1.67 c) 1.89 d) 2.56
82. The required NPSH of a pump is specified to be 8 ft. Determine the vertical distance above or below the pump axis from a vented surface
of water (250C) in a supply tank if suction side friction losses are equivalent to 3.8 ft.
a) 7 ft b) 10.8 ft c) 13 ft d) 16 ft
83. The pressure drop across a turbine is 30 psi. The flowrate is 60 gpm. Calculate the power output of the turbine.
a) 0.41 hp b) 1.05 hp c) 2.54 hp d) 6.30 hp
84. A viscous solution containing particles with a density of 1461 kg/m 3 is to be clarified by centrifugation. The liquid density is 801 kg/m 3 and
its viscosity is 100 cp. The centrifuge bowl diameter is 0.02225 m, r 1 = 0.00716 m and height is 0.1970 m. What is the critical particle
diameter of the largest particle in the exit stream if N = 23,000 rev/min and the flow rate is 0.002832 m 3/h?
a) 1.12x10-3m b) 0.476m c) 1.27x10-6m d) 7.46x10-5m
85. An oil is contained between 2 identical parallel plates of 2m 2 area each. The top plate is pulled to the left (-x direction) with a force of
0.33N at a velocity of 0.3 m/s. The bottom plate is pulled in the opposite direction with a force of 0.11N at a velocity of 0.1 m/s. The
plates are 5mm apart. What is the viscosity of the oil in cP?
a) 2.75 b) 1.1 c) 0.55 d) 0.22
86. A Bingham fluid of viscosity μ = 10 Pa .s and yield stress, τ0=10 KPa, is shared between flat parallel plates separated by a distance of 10 -3 m.
The top plate is moving with a velocity of 1 m/s. The shear stress on the plate is
a) 10 kPa b) 20 kPa c) 30 kPa d) 40 kPa
87. Water is pumped at a constant rate of 10 m 3/h from a large reservoir resting on the floor to the open top of an absorption tower. The
point of discharge is 6 m above the floor, and the frictional losses in the 40-mm pipe from the reservoir to the tower amount to 4 J/kg.
At what height in the reservoir must the water level be kept if the pump can develop only 0.12 kW?
a) 2.2 m b) 6.4 m c) 1.9 m d) 2.7 m
88. A 4 m3/h pump delivers water to a pressure tank. At the start, the gauge reads 138 kPa until it reads 276 kPa and then the pump was shut
off. The volume of the tank is 150 L. at 276 kPa the water occupied 2/3 of the tank volume. Determine the volume of water that can be
taken out until the gauge reads 138 kPa.
a) 14.5 L b) 29.5 L c) 44.0L d) 58.0L
89. The turbine in a hydroelectric plant is fed by water falling from a height of 30m. Assuming 95% efficiency of converting potential energy
to electrical energy and 10% loss of resulting power in transmission, how many MT of water per hour are needed to keep a 100W light bulb
burning?
a) 1.43 b) 1.29 c) 1.63 d) 1.75
90. Cooling water at 220C flows thru a smooth pipe of unknown diameter, resulting in a pressure drop of 2 kN/m 2 for a length of 5 meters. Its
mass flow rate is 1590 kg/h. Determine the pipe diameter in meters.
a) 0.025 b) 0.041 c) 0.089 d) 0.102
91. Based from the above problem, determine the velocity of the cooling water in the pipe in m/s.
a) 0.75 b) 0.90 c) 1.15 d) 1.33
92. 600 liters of water at 320K is pumped in a 40 mm ID pipe through a length of 150 m in a horizontal direction and up through a vertical
height of 10 m. In the pipe there is a control valve which may be taken as equivalent to 200 pipe diameters and other pipe fittings
equivalent to 60 pipe diameters. Also in the line there is a heat exchanger across which there is a loss in head of 1.5 m water. Assume
 ChE 411A: FLUID MECHANICS
that the main pipe has a roughness of 0.0002m and efficiency of the pump is 60%. How much is the head loss due to the valve and
fittings?
a) 1.1 J/kg b) 1.1x103 J/kg c) 9.1x105 J/kg d) 9.1x106 J/kg
93. Based from the preceding problem, what is the total dynamic head?
a) 130 J/kg b) 1.3x107 J/kg c) 1.4x107 J/kg d) no answer
94. Based from the preceding problem, what is the total head delivered by the pump to the fluid in J/kg?
a) 2.3 x 107 b) 1.4 x 107 c) 9.1 x 106 d) 1.5 x 102
95. Based from the preceding problem, what is the power requirement of the pump?
a) 130 W b) 1.3x107 J/kg c) 1.4x107 kW d) no answer
96. Based from the preceding problem, if the volumetric flowrate in the previous problem is changed to 0.6 L/s, determine the power that
must be delivered to the pump.
a) 130 kW b) 130 W c) 130 J/kg d) no answer
97. When will 2 Sched 80 inch pipe with a Reynolds number of 1700 achieve fully developed flow?
a) 2.6 b) 6.5 ft c) 15.2 ft c) 17.1 ft
98. A venturi meter having a throat diameter of 38.9 mm is installed in a line having an inside diameter of 102.3 mm. It meters water and the
measured pressure drop across the venturi is 156.9 kPa. Calculate the flow rate in gpm id the coefficient (Cv) is 0.98
a) 0.02 b) 125 c) 245 d) 330
99. What is the terminal velocity of a 2 inch diameter aluminium sphere falling in air? Assume that the sphere has a coefficient of drag of 0.5,
SG of aluminium is 2.64.
a) 30 fps b) 171 fps c) 512 fps d) indeterminate
100. Two tubes are mounted to the roof of a car. One tube points to the front of the car while the other points to the rear. The tubes are
connected to a manometer filled with a fluid of specific gravity 0.61. When the height difference is 4 inches, what is the car’s speed?
a) 3 mph b) 44 mph c) 69 mph d) 175 mph
101. The air pressure in the left-hand tank in the figure below, is -9 inch of mercury. Determine the elevation of the gage liquid (in ft) in the
right-hand column at “A”.

a) 33 b) 52 c) 87 d) 103
102. A vertical tube open to the atmosphere is connected to the vein in the arm of a person. The gage pressure of blood is 120 mmHg. The
density of blood is constant at ρ = 1050 kg/m 3. At what height will the blood rise in the tube?
a) 1.55 m b) 3.45 m c) 12.95 m d) 68.9 m
103. Water is flowing upward at 1.676 m/s through a vertical piping system consisting of 3” sch40 steel pipe at the inlet and 2” sch40
steel pipe at the outlet. The vertical distance from the inlet to the outlet is 0.457 m. The inlet pressure is 68.9 kPa absolute.
Assuming no friction losses, what will be the outlet pressure?
a) 1 atm b) 68.9 kPa c) 59.1 kPa d) 53.6 kPa
104. A cylindrical tank 1 ft in diameter discharges through a nozzle connected to the base. Find the time needed for the water level in
the tank to drop from 6 ft to 3 ft above the nozzle. The diameter of the nozzle is 1 inch and its discharge coefficient maybe taken
as unity.
a) 15 s b) 26 s c) 31 s d) 44 s
105. A cylindrical tank 1ft diameter discharges through a nozzle connected to the base. Find the time needed for the water level in the tank to
drop from 4 ft to 2 ft above the nozzle. The diameter of the nozzle is 1 inch and its discharge coefficient may be taken as unity.
a) 15 s b) 42 s c) 21 s d) 30s
106. If a centrifuge is 3 ft diameter and rotates at 1000 rpm, the speed (rpm) of a laboratory centrifuge of 6 inch diameter be run if it is to
duplicate the plant conditions is
a) 2449 b) 2500 c) 2469 d) 2000
 ChE 411A: FLUID MECHANICS
107. An unknown gas flows through a 2.5 m diameter capillary tube with an unknown length. The pressure head under which the gas flows is 0.85
atm. Estimate the length of the tube whose viscosity is 325 μP, flows at a rate of 4500 cm 3 per second.
a) 56.46 m b) 46.65 m c) 66.65 m d) 76.66 m
108. A perfect venturi with throat diameter of 1.8 inches is placed horizontally in a pipe with a 5 in inside diameter. Eighty pounds of water flow
through the pipe each second. What is the difference between the pipe and venturi throat static pressure?
a) 29.9 psi b) 34.8 psi c) 5020 psi d) 72.3 psi

109. Engine oil with kinematic viscosity of 0.00024 m2/sec is flowing inside an annulus at 0.5 m/sec. Annulus is made up of 3 in. Sch. 40 and 1 in.
Sch 40 concentric pipes 10 m long. Pressure drop expressed in meters of oil is
a) 2.33 b) 4.57 c) 1.98 d) 0.65
110. A rigid container is closed at one end and measures 8 in diameter by 12 inches long. The container is held vertically and is slowly moved
downward until the pressure in the container is 15.5 psia. What will be depth of the water surface measure form the free water surface?
a) 22.2 in b) 9.2 in c) 12 in d) 9.8 in
111. The equation that is applied to describe the flow of a fluid through porous medium under laminar condition is
a) Fanning-Darcy c) Ruth
b) Karman-Kozeny d) Hagen-Poiseuille
112. Arrange the following in increasing pressure drop: blower, fan, compressor
a) blower, fan, compressor c) blower, compressor, fan
b) compressor, fan, blower d) fan, blower, compressor

113. Water at 600F is flowing through a 3 inch diameter smooth horizontal pipe. If the Reynolds number is 35,300, calculate the ratio of the
maximum velocity to the average velocity
a) 0.81 b) 1.05 c) 1.22 d) 1.72

SOL’N: Handbook pg. 10-13, Fig. 10-13

ave velocity
=0.81
max velocity

max velocity 1
= =1.23
ave velocity 0.81

114. When will a fully developed flow be achieved by a fluid in a 2 inch pipe if its Reynolds number is 1500?
a) 6.7 ft b) 12.5 ft c) 13.8 ft d) 2.6 ft
 ChE 411A: FLUID MECHANICS
SOL’N: Perrys Handbook, pg,6-11, eq’n

115. A venturi meter is to be installed in a 100 mm line to measure the flow of water at 15 0C. The maximum flowrate is 75 m3/h. the manometer
reading is 1.25 m of Hg. What will be the power in kW required to operate the meter at full load?
a) 1.26 b) 1.07 c) 0.55 d) 0.32
 ChE 411A: FLUID MECHANICS
116. A solution of specific gravity 1.84 is being discharged from a tank through an orifice to the atmosphere. Level of the liquid in the tank is
20 ft above the centerline of the exit pipe. Frictional and contraction losses in the pipe amount to 12 ft head of solution. Under these
conditions, the discharge velocity in ft/s is
a) 13.8 b) 22.7 c) 27.8 d) 35.2

117.