SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

Module 1
Sub Topic 1 - Information Systems

Introduction to System Analysis and Design

Information system

 Information systems are interrelated

components working together to collect,
process, store, and disseminate information to
support decision making, coordination, control,
analysis, and visualization in an organization.
Major Types of Information System

 Enterprise Computing Systems

 Transaction Processing Systems
 Business Support Systems
 Knowledge Management Systems
 User Productivity Systems
 Enterprise Computing Systems
 Refers to information systems that support company-
wide data management requirements.
Ex: airline reservation, credit card billing

 Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems

provide cost-effective data access for users and
managers throughout the company.
 Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)

 Transaction Processing (TP) systems and Online

Transaction Processing (OLTP) systems are called
operational systems because they process data
generated by day-to-day business operations.

Ex: customer billing, accounts receivable, warranty claim

processing.
 Business Support Systems

 Provide job-related information support to users at all

levels of a company

 Management Information System (MIS)

 Knowledge Management Systems

 Sometimes called expert systems because they

simulate human reasoning by combining a
knowledgebase and inference rules that determine
how the knowledge is applied.
 Knowledge Management Systems

 A knowledge base consisting of a large database

allows users of find information by clicking menus,
typing keywords, or entering text questions in normal
English phrases.
 Knowledge Management Systems

 Inference rules are logical rules that identify data

patterns and relationships.

 Fuzzy logic allows logical inferences to be drawn from

imprecise relationships.
 User Productivity Systems

 Provide employees at all organizational levels with a

wide array of tools that can improve quality of job
performance

Ex: LAN, WAN, email, video conference

Information System Users
Information System Users
 Information System Users

Organizational Structure
Top Management
Top managers develop long-range plans, called
strategic plans that define the company’s overall
mission and goals.
Organizational Structure
Middle Management
Middle managers focus their goals on a shorter time
frame, usually ranging from one month to one year.

They develop plans to achieve business objectives

in a process called tactical planning.
Organizational Structure
Lower Management
Supervisors and team leaders oversee operational
employees and carry out day-to-day operational plans.
Organizational Structure
Operational Employees
Operational employees primarily use TP systems to enter
and receive data they need to perform their jobs.

A trend, called empowerment,

gives employees more responsibility and accountability.