Department of Mechatronics Engineering

UET Peshawar

LAB No 06

MECHANICS OF MATERIAL
Submitted By :

SHAH ZEB AKHTAR

Registration No :

18PWMCT0629

Class Section :

Submitted to :

ENGR WAHAD UR REHMAN

July 25, 2020
 Compression Test of Cast Iron through Universal Testing Machine

Apparatus:

 Vernier Caliper.
 Screw Gauge.
 UTM (Virtual Lab)
 Compressometer.
 MATLAB
Objective:

 Learn about the mechanical properties of cast iron using Compression test.
 And To learn about Compression and its types.
 To compare properties of different materials by Compression test.

METHADOLOGY
Compression tests are conducted by loading the test specimen between two plates and then
applying a force to the specimen by moving the crossheads together. Here the test specimen is
compressed and deformation versus the applied load is recorded. The compression test is used
to determine elastic limit, proportional limit,yield point, yield strength, and (for some materials)
compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, secant modulus, tangent modulus. Compression
tests are of high importance because it helps to calculate the different material properties that
are applicable to hot as well as cold metal forging employed for different metal forming
applications. Brittle materials in compression will have an initial linear region followed by a
region in which the shortening increases at a higher rate than does the load. A compression test
is a method for determining the behaviour of materials under a compressive load.
 Fig 01

Specimen:

The gaugelength of a sample in a compression test is its full length. A serious problem in
compression testing is the possibility that the sample or load chain may buckle (form bulges or
bend) prior to material failure. To prevent this specimens are kept short and stubby. The effect
of buckling and friction can be minimized by selecting the length to diameter ratio of the
specimen carefully.

For main brittle materials the elastic properties like elastic limit, modulus of elasticity, yield
strength and modulus of resilience are similar in compression and tension. Several materials
which are good in tension are poor in compression; contrary to this many materials which are
poor in tension are very strong in compression. Cast iron is an example of such material.

The value for this is commonly set at 0.2% plastic strain.Materials like cast iron are weak in
tension because of the presence of sub-microscopic cracks and faults High strength steel and
aluminium alloys do not exhibit a yield point, when a yield point is not easily defined based on
the shape of the stress-strain curve, then an offset yield point (proof stress) is arbitrarily
defined.
Procedure (Step by Step on Virtual lab):
COMPRESSION TEST ON CAST IRON
Apparatus
Universal testing machine ,dial indicators ,scale and vernier calipers.

Objective
To study the mechanical properties of cast iron specimen under compression.

COMPRESSION TEST ON CAST IRON

Step 1

Measuring the diameter of test sample using vernier caliper and calculate moment of inertia .

COMPRESSION TEST ON CAST IRON

Step 02
Measuring the length of specimen.
COMPRESSION TEST ON CAST IRON
Step 03
Sample is placed in UTM.

Data
Load in KN Dial Gauge Reading in div
0 0
5 5
10 12
15 18
20 25
25 32
30 39
35 44
40 51
45 58
50 65
55 72
60 81
65 88
70 95
75 106
80 113
85 121
90 132
 95 141
100 150
105 162
110 174
115 183
120 195
125 206
130 213
135 225
140 233
145 240
150 249
155 258
160 267
165 275
170 284
175 295
180 310
185 319
190 335
195 344
200 360
205 373
210 385
215 397
220 406
225 419
230 427
235 440
240 449
245 458
250 465
255 473
260 484
265 490

COMPRESSION TEST ON CAST IRON

Step 05
Graph

COMPRESSION TEST ON CAST IRON

Step 05
Step 05
Observations & Calculations
COMPRESSION TEST ON CAST IRON
Step 06
Observations & Calculations
Comparison of Mild Steel and Cast Iron Curve:
COMPRESSION TEST BY SHAH ZEB AKHTAR 18PWMCT0629

Final Tables:
T ha Following are the final reading of the compression test that is conducted in virtual lab on the
following 2 materials and finally got the less percentage error:

 Mild Steel
 Cast Iron
COMPRESSION TEST ON CAST IRON
Step 06 Observations& Calculations

COMPRESSION TEST ON MILD STEEL