INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Job Satisfaction is the level of contentment the employees feel towards their job.

There are a lot of factors for an employee to feel satisfied with their work. The passion an

employee has for the job can also be a determinant of their level of satisfaction. It could also

be their efficiency to work and how well they do with given tasks and projects. Most

importantly their working environment as how their superiors treat them play essential roles

to their satisfaction and contentment with their job. Thus, making it the major priority of

employers to keep their employees satisfied since it could affect not only their individual

performance but also the company’s success.

Employee satisfaction is a valuable factor to the success of any business. One way to

determine whether employees are happy and contented in fulfilling their work is through
1 JOB SATISFACTION OF EMPLOYEES IN TACLOBAN CITY
employee job satisfaction measurement. If the performance matches the expectations and the

employee is contented to what he/she receives, he/she is satisfied, and if there is no intrinsic

motivation, the employee is dissatisfied. A productive job performance is often confused with

the effort that refers to energy expended. It is the accomplishment of an employee or

manager’s assigned duties and outcomes produced on a specified job function or activity

during a specified time period. An employee is considered as the heart of the company and

his/her attitude can affect the direction of the business. [ CITATION Ang19 \l 1033 ]

One of the most important aspects of an individual's work in a modern organization

concerns the management of demands. Demands can be characterized as a communication

load, which refers to "the rate and complexity of communication inputs an individual must

process in a particular time frame.” [ CITATION Ber17 \l 1033 ] Communication in a work place

is important so that employees are able to learn the roundabouts with the job they are taking
 and are able to meet the demands of superiors. Job satisfaction refers to a pleasant feeling

resulting from the perception that one’s job fulfils or allows for the fulfillment of one’s

important job values. Job Satisfaction has something to do with what a person desires to

achieve unconsciously and consciously with their job. Employees work with goals in mind

and things they desire to achieve such as promotions or good compensation. Employees have

their own important values or priorities, when these are met they become satisfied with their

job productivity increases.

One’s satisfaction is based on what a person approves of and disapproves of. It

basically depends on what a person values more and what they believe. According to Maslow

(1943), the basic need of an individual arises based from the Hierarchy of Needs that tend to

move upward when the lower needs met. Each level becomes motivation for every employee.

The need or a strong feeling of having something is what keeps an individual motivated.

2 According to Griffin and Moorhead JOB

(2012), “motivationOF
SATISFACTION is aEMPLOYEES
set of forcesINthat causes people
TACLOBAN CITY

to engage in one’s behavior rather than some alternative behavior.” The objective of each

company is to motivate its employees to perform in different ways that will lead to the

company’s productivity. An employee’s work place, plays a big role in their satisfaction with

their job. The work place must be able to tend to the basic needs of the employees and have a

good relationship among the workers to have a great work atmosphere or environment that

will help with the productivity of an employee and help with their satisfaction.

Job satisfaction is a set of favorable or unfavorable feelings and emotions with which

employees’ view their work. Job satisfaction is an effective attitude – feeling of relative like

or dislike towards something. The important aspects of job satisfaction include pay, one’s

supervisor, the nature of tasks performed, an employee’s co-workers or team and the

immediate working condition. Job satisfaction is dynamic, for it can decline even more

quickly than it develops. Managers cannot establish the conditions leading to high satisfaction
 now and later neglect it, for employee needs and viewpoints may fluctuate suddenly.

[ CITATION Ber17 \l 1033 ]

As workers grow older, they initially tend to be slightly more satisfied with their jobs.

Apparently, they lower their expectations to more realistic levels and adjust themselves better

to their work situations, later, their satisfaction may suffer as promotions are less frequent and

they face the realities of retirement. Predictably too, people with higher level occupations

tend to be more satisfied with their jobs. They are usually better paid, have better working

conditions, and hold jobs that make fuller use of their abilities. Finally, evidence suggests

that levels of job satisfaction are higher in smaller organization units, such as a branch plant

or a small enterprise. Larger organizations tend to overwhelm people, disrupt supportive

processes, and limit the amounts of personal closeness, friendship and small-group teamwork

that are important aspects of job satisfaction among many people[ CITATION Ber17 \l 1033 ]

3 JOB SATISFACTION OF EMPLOYEES IN TACLOBAN CITY

Statement of the Problem

 An employee’s satisfaction with their job depends on the working environment and on

how they handle the tasks given to them and how they act in any kinds of situation they are

put in.

1. The profile of the respondents according to:

 Age

 Job

 Compensation

 Position in the company/work place

2. How do respondents perceive the benefits of being an employee or of having a

job?

3. What is the level of job satisfaction of the respondents?

Scope and Delimitations

4 JOB SATISFACTION OF EMPLOYEES IN TACLOBAN CITY
The study will determine the level of job satisfaction of employees in Tacloban City.

The study will look over the different levels of job satisfaction an employee feels and to see

what factors affect this and to determine the respondents’ perception towards the different

benefits that are being given to employees.

The data gathering will be conducted in Tacloban City during weekdays which are the

working days for employees. Tacloban was chosen because of the easy accessibility of the

researchers for the data needed in the study. It will be held in the Downtown area of Tacloban

City for it is home to all kinds of businesses from family owned to corporations.
 Significance of the Study

The main purpose of the study is to determine the level of satisfaction of employees

with their job in Tacloban City. This study will be beneficial to all specially to the following:

To the Employees. This study will help employees to be more informed about their

performance in their respective jobs, the different effects of their work performance in the

company and to know ways to become more satisfied and contented with their job.

To the Employers. This will help the employers to implement policies that may favor

or help their employees to feel satisfaction with their job and in order to see what they may

improve in order to keep their employees to stay in their respective company’s

To the Government. This will help them to implement laws protecting the

employees and making sure that their basic rights as human beings won’t be trampled on as

to whatever kind of job it may be and to help give compensations to the employees.

5 To the Future Researchers.JOB

ThisSATISFACTION
will serve as OF
their related literature
EMPLOYEES and willCITY
IN TACLOBAN give

them idea to study further. The future researchers will have a much broader understanding of

the job satisfaction level of employees and what the possible factors that affects their

satisfaction.

Definition of Terms

Job Satisfaction - is a measure of workers' contentedness with their job, whether or

not they like the job or individual aspects or facets of jobs, such as nature of work or

supervision.

Employees – employees that are employed in Tacloban City.

 METHODOLOGY

In this chapter, the research design, research locale, participants of the study, research

instrument, data gathering procedure, data analysis and the conceptual framework will be

discussed in order to assess the job satisfaction of employee’s in Tacloban City.

Research Design

A quantitative method will be utilized for this study. It would specifically make use of

descriptive-correlational design in order to determine the relation of how does an employee

attain a certain point of satisfaction with their job.

Research Locale

This research will take place in Tacloban City, Leyte. According to [ CITATION Bel18 \l
6 JOB SATISFACTION OF EMPLOYEES IN TACLOBAN CITY
1033 ] that the employment rate in Eastern Visayas for the year 2017 was 95.6 percent which

had a slight increase from 2016 which had 95.5 percent of employment rate. Thus, this study

will only have respondents who are employed in Tacloban City.

Participants of the Study

The respondents of this study will be any employee that works within Tacloban City.

These respondents will be coming from a variety of workers regardless of social status, age,

gender, sexuality and most importantly the type of work they do.
 Research Instrument

A survey questionnaire will be utilized in gathering the data that is needed for the

study. The questions in the questionnaire have been thoroughly formulated and checked in

order to produce results that will help this study to determine an employee’s job satisfaction

and for the respondents to be able to comprehend the questions well.

Data Gathering Procedure

For the data gathering, the researchers shall formulate their research instrument, after

having formulated the questionnaire the researchers shall gain permission from any

employees that are within the research locale but of course have them participate voluntarily.

Data Analysis
7 JOB SATISFACTION OF EMPLOYEES IN TACLOBAN CITY

This study will utilize a thematic analysis in order to group the respondents’ answers.

The researchers will conduct a survey and hand to the respondents the survey questionnaire,

then gather all the data for data analysis. The data analysis will be done by identifying and

understanding the responses of the respondents and group them into themes they belong to.

Conceptual Framework

Satisfaction

There are different factors that affect job satisfaction. The researchers identified 3

determinants namely age, gender and tenure then a theory that describes the effect on people

working on their jobs.

 Age. It is perceived that there are many positive qualities that older workers bring to

their jobs: specifically, experience, judgment, a strong work ethic, and commitment to

quality. But older workers are also perceived as lacking flexibility and as being resistant to

new technology. The older the employee gets, the less likely they are to quit in their job. As

workers get older, they have fewer alternative job opportunities. In addition, older workers

are less likely to resign than are younger workers because their long tenure tends to provide

them with higher wage rates, longer paid vacations, and more attractive pension benefits.

[ CITATION Ber17 \l 1033 ]

Gender. The evidence suggests that the best place to begin is with the recognition

that there are few, if any, important differences between men and women that will affect their
8 JOB SATISFACTION OF EMPLOYEES IN TACLOBAN CITY
job performance. There are, for instance, no consistent male-female differences in problem-

solving ability, analytical skills, competitive drive, motivation, sociability, or learning ability.

Psychological studies have found that women are more willing to conform to authority and

those men are more aggressive and more likely than women to have expectations of success,

but those differences are minor. Similarly, there are no evidence indicating that an

employee’s gender affects job satisfaction. [ CITATION Ber17 \l 1033 ]

Tenure. If we define seniority as time on a particular job, we can say that the most

recent evidence demonstrates a positive relationship between seniority and job productivity.

So tenure, expressed as work experienced, appears to be a good predictor of employee

productivity. Tenure is also a potent variable in explaining turnover. “Tenure has consistently

been found to be negatively related to turnover and has been suggested as one of the single
 best predictors of turnover.” The evidence indicates that tenure and satisfaction are positively

related. [ CITATION Ber17 \l 1033 ]

According to Blance and Menes (n.d) Frederick Herzberg’s Two Factor Theory

implies that organizations should create interesting jobs to motivate people. The theory

recognized two broad categories of factors that affect people working on their jobs. The first

category, Hygiene Factor, is the characteristics of the job. According to Robbins and Coulter

(2012), extrinsic (dissatisfier, hygiene) factors include pay, job security, working conditions

status among other. These factors can make people unhappy if they are poorly managed. The

theory also explained that the key to real job satisfaction and motivation to perform the task

lies in the second category: the motivators that described the job itself that is, what people do

at work. According to Bateman and Snell (2007), motivators are the nature of work itself, the

actual job responsibilities, the opportunity for personal growth and recognition and the

9 JOB SATISFACTION OF EMPLOYEES IN TACLOBAN CITY

feelings of achievement the job provides.

On the other hand, Locke’s Value-percept theory argued that job satisfaction depends

on the perception of a person whether the job supplies the things that he value. The theory

suggests that people evaluate job satisfaction according to specific “facets of the job” which

includes pay satisfaction, promotion satisfaction, supervision satisfaction, co-worker

satisfaction, and satisfaction with work itself. [ CITATION Bland \l 1033 ]

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10 JOB SATISFACTION OF EMPLOYEES IN TACLOBAN CITY