C:\Program Files\HKEP\JP08F1\word\Eng\1A Ch03\

Solution
Chapter 3.1 11.
Introduction to Algebra (a) 5  q  5q 19.
Level 1 (a) 13  2q  6  (13  6)  2q 1M
1A
1.  7  2q 1A
(b) a  3  3a
(a) t  3 1A (b) 7p  4p  5  (7  4)p  5 1M
1A
 3p  5 1A
(b) 12  k 1A (c) u  v  uv
(c) s  r 1A 1A 20.
(a) 17s  3r  5s  (17  5)s  3r 1M
2. 12.  22 s  3r 1A
(a) s  17 1A q
(a) q  7  (b) 17h  3h  5k  (17  3)h  5k 1M
(b) 52  h 1A 7
 20 h  5k 1A
(c) d  b 1A 1A
17 21.
(b) 17  k  1A
3. k (a) 1  7d  2b  7d
(a) 3ab 1A  1  2b  7d  7d 1M
a
(b) 6mn 1A (c) a  b   1  2b 1A
b
(c) 6y 1A (b) c  7  5c  9d
1A
 c  5c  7  9d 1M
4.  6c  7  9d
13.
5p (a) 15  xy  15 xy
1A
(a) 1A
q
2A 22.
x (b) u  12v  12uv Price of a dozen of cans of drink
(b) 1A
7y  $(p  12) 1M
2A
 $12 p
5h
(c) 1A
11k 14.
q
1A (a) q  7r  2A Level 2
7r
23.
5. 17 h (a) Subtract 2n from 3m  3m  2n 1M
(b) 17h  k 
Subtract v from u  u  v 1M k Tthe required result
The required result  u  v  9 1A  (3m  2n)  14k 1M
2A
 14k (3m  2n ) 1A
6. 15.
(b) Add 9y to 10x  10x  9y 1M
The sum of c and 2d  c  2d 1M 5s  r  p  5rs  p 2M
The required result
The required result = (c  2d)  7 1M 5rs
 p 1A  (10x  9y)  4m 1M
c  2d
 1A 10 x  9 y
7 
4m
16.
7. d 1A
d  5a  c  c 2M
(a) Subtract 7 from q. 2A 5a 24.
(b) Subtract q from p. 2A cd h
 1A (a) h divided by 7  1M
5a
7
8.
The product of 5 and k  5k 1M
Subtract c from a and then add b. 3A 17. h
4q  rs  t  4qrs  t 2M The required result   5k 1A
7
9.  4qrst
5 times of the product of x and y. 3A 1A (b) The product of 5p and q  5pq 1M
The required result = 5pq  7r 1M
10. 18. 5 pq
 1A
Divide h by the product of 12 and k. 3A m 7r
m  5h  k  k 2M
5h
m
 1A
5hk

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Using Algebra to Solve Problems

25.  120  wxy 1M 34.

(a) Subtract 15 from 8q  15  8q 1M  120 wxy 1A (a) (h  4k)  (12s  2t)
The required result h 12s
33.  
 (15  8q)  4p 1M 4k 2t
 4 p (15  8q ) r
(a) r  8t  4s   4s 1M 1M
1A 8t 12hs
(b) 8d minus 5  8d  5 1M r  4s 
 1M 8kt
Divide the result of 8d minus 5 by 3 8t 1M
 (8d  5)  3 1M rs 3hs
8d  5 
2t 
 2kt
3
1A 1A
1M
(b) 2m  15n  10 (b) 21a  (6c  7b)  3
The required result 
8d  5  (2  15  10)  (m  n) 1M  21a  42bc  3 1M
 2a 1A  3  mn 1M
3 21a  3
 3mn 1A 
26.
42bc
The sum of a and 2b  a  2b 1M 1M
Divide the sum of a and 2b by c 3a

 (a  2b)  c 1M 2bc
a  2b 1A

c
35.
1M (a) (5p  2  6m)  4n
∴ The required result   (5p  12m)  4n 2M
a  2b 5 p  12m
 2d 1A
c 
4n

1A
27.
Multiply 2k by the result of subtracting (b) 7x  (2h  5  8k)
d from 4. 3A  7x  (10h  8k) 2M
7x

28. 10h  8k
Subtract 5 from p and add 4s. 3A 1A

36.
29.
(a) 5c  3c  4b  6d
Divide 7k by the sum of h and 5. 3A
3c  4b
 5c 
30. 6d
Add the result of dividing y by 9 to the 2M
product of 5x and y. 4A 2bc
 5c  1A
d
31.
(a) 3h  5k  (3  5)  (h  k) 1M (b) 4n  10m  3m  6
 15  hk 1M 4n
  (3  6)m 2M
 15hk 10m
1A 2n
  18m
5m
12a
(b) 12a  6b 
6b 1A

1M 37.
2a (a) 12  9k  3k  7  4k
 1A
b  (9k  3k  4k)  (12  7) 1M
 (9  3  4)k  19 1M
32.  10 k  19
(a) 2c  2a  b  (2  2)  (c  a  b) 1M 1A
 4  abc 1M (b) 3x  4  6x  7y  4
 4 abc 1A  (3x  6x)  7y  (4  4) 1M
 (3  6)x  7y 1M
(b) 6  4w  5xy  (6  4  5)  (w  xy) 1M

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 C:\Program Files\HKEP\JP08F1\word\Eng\1A Ch03\

 9x  7 y 39. 2p
 kg
1A (a) 12x  7y  7xy  2x  7y 5
38.  (12x  2x)  7xy  (7y  7y) 2M
1A
(a) 2m  9n  3  5mn  7  10 x  7 xy
 (2  9)(m  n)  5mn  (3  7) 1M 1A
 18mn  5mn  4 1M (b) 5t  12s  2t  9s  5t  4
 23mn  4 1A
12 s
 (5t  5t)   9s  4 2M
(b) 4p  7  4  15p  3  2 2t
 (4  7)p  (15  3)p  (4  2) 1M 6s
 28p  5p  2 1M  10t   9s  4 1A
t
 23 p  2
1A 40.
(a) Price of 8 apples  $(a  8)
 $8a 1M
Price of 5 oranges  $(b  5)
 $5b 1M
∴ Total price  $(8a  5b ) 1A

(b) The change

 $[100  (8a  5b)] 1M
 $(100  8a  5b) 1A

41.
(a) Weight of the bag of rice
 (1000x  20) g 1M
1000 x  20
 kg
1000
1M
 20 x kg
1A

(b) Amount per month (30 days)

 $(k  20  30) 2M
3k
$
2
1A

42.
(a) Amount received of selling n cans
 $(5  n) 1M
 $5n
1A

(b) Amount received of selling the rest

 $5n  $(5  8) 1M
 $(5n  40) 1A

(c) The profit

 $(5n  40  300) 1M
 $(5n  340)
1A

43.
(a) Weight of the cake
 (400  p) g 1M
400  p
 kg 1M
1000

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Using Algebra to Solve Problems

(b) Weight of each part 5. 6.

 2p  3 B  a(4a  1)
   4 p  kg s  (6  r )
4  (4)[4(4)  1] 1M
 5 
 (4)(15) 1M
1M 3
 [6  (6)]  60 1A
 2p 1  4

   kg
 5 4 p  1M 7.
3 w  (u  3)(1  u)
1M  (12)
4  (2  3)(1  2) 1M
1
 kg  (5)( 1) 1M
10 1M
9 1A  5 1A
1A
8.
d  2(y  x)
Chapter 3.2  2[4  (2)] 1M
Formulas and Substitution  2(6) 1M
Level 1  12 1A
1.
(a) p  4v 9.
 4(5) 1M c  PQ  5
 20 1A  (3)(4)  5 1M
 12  5 1M
(b) y  12x  7 1A
 12(5) 1M
 60 1A 10.
A3
F
2. 2K
(a) k  7  v
5  3
78 1M 
2(4)
 1 1A
1M
(b) n  m  8 8
 3  8 1M  1M
8
5 1A
1 1A

3. 11.
t 5 15( n  2)
L C  18 
4 2
17  5 15(12  2)

4  18 
2
1M
1M
12
 1M 15(10)
4  18 
2
3 1A  18  75 1M
 93 1M
4.
∴ The fare for travelling a distance of
5
g ( M  1) 12 km is $93. 1A
8
5 Level 2
 (7  1) 12.
8
1M
28
(a) s  2m 
5 n
 (8) 28
8  2(12) 
4
1M
5 1A 1M
 24  (7) 1M
 31 1A

(b) r  5q(p  q)

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 C:\Program Files\HKEP\JP08F1\word\Eng\1A Ch03\

 5(2)[3  (1)] 1M 13. 3  20

 4
 10(2) 1M b 12
(a) f 
 20 1A ab 1M
2 17 48
  
6  (  2) 12 12
1M 1M
2 31
  1A
12
4
1M
1 17.
 (a) Area of trapezium 1M
2

1A
(Upper base  Lower base)  Height
3  2Q 2
(b) S 
4  5P [b  (b  3)]  h
∴ A 1M
3  2(3) 2

4  5( 2) ( 2b  3) h
 1A
1M 2
9

6
1M
3

2
1A

14.
uv
R
1  uv
24

1 2 4
1M
6
 1M
9
2
 1A
3

15.
3h 2k 4
m  
2 5 l
3(6) 2(20) 4
   1M
2 5 2
982 2M
 1 1A

16.
5 4
T x 
y z 1
1 5 4
  
4 3 2 1
1M
1 5
  4
4 3

97
Using Algebra to Solve Problems

(b) Substitute b  3 and h  4, we have y  3  2 (b) 5k  7  3

[ 2(3)  3]( 4) y  5 1A 5k  3  7
A 1M
2 5k  10 1M
(b) b  5  8
10
(9)(4) b  8  5 k 
 5
2 b  3 1A
k 2 1A
 18 1M (c) q  4  3
∴ The area of the trapezium is q  3  4
18 cm2. 1A q1 1A

18. 3.
(a) Total amount (a) 2t  8
 Sum of the amounts of the coins
8
 Amount of p $1 coins t 
2
 Amount of q $2 coins
 Amount of r $5 coins 1M t  4 1A

∴ S1p2q5r 1M (b) 9c  72
 p  2 q  5r 1A
72
c 
(b) Substitute p  7, q  5 and r  3, 9
we have
c 8 1A
S  7  2(5)  5(3) 1M
 7  10  15 (c) 5r  35
 32 1M 35
r 
∴ The total amount is $32. 1A 5
r  7 1A
19.
(a) The profit of selling a magazine 4.
 $(y  x) 1M (a) 6s  3
The profit of selling n magazines
3
 $[(y  x)  n] s 
6
 $n(y  x) 1M
1
∴ P  n( y  x ) s 
2
1A
1A
(b) Substitute x  20, y  28 and n  1000,
we have (b) 4d  10
P  1000(28  20) 1M 10
d 
 1000(8) 4
 8000 1M 5
∴ The profit is $8000. 1A d 
2
1A

Chapter 3.3 (c) 12v  8

Solving Equations in One Unknown 8
v 
Level 1 12
1. 2
(a) x  3  5 v 
3
x 53
x 2 1A 1A

(b) a  5  3 5.
a 35 (a) 2h  1  23
a8 1A 2h  23  1
(c) p  5  3 2h  24 1M
p 35 24
h 
p  2 1A 2
h  12 1A
2.
(a) y  2  3

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 C:\Program Files\HKEP\JP08F1\word\Eng\1A Ch03\

6. (b) 8z  5  21 10.

(a) 4v  36  0 8z  21  5 (a) 5(p  3)  20
4v  0  36 8z  16 1M 20
p3 
4v  36 1M 16 5
z 
36 8 p3 4 1M
v 
4 z  2 1A p 43
v 9 1A p 1 1A

(b) 10m  25  0 (b) 7(q  4)  42

10m  0  25 42
q4 
10m  25 1M 7
25 q4 6 1M
m 
10 q 64
5 q  10 1A
m  1A
2
11.
(a) 3(r  4)  6
7.
(a) 7n  1  15
6
r4 
7n  15  1 3
7n  14 1M r  4  2 1M
14 r  2  4
n 
7 r  6 1A

n 2 1A (b) 4(s  7)  12

(b) 4w  7  5
12
s7 
4w  5  7 4
4w  12 1M s  7  3 1M
12 s  3  7
w 
4 s 4 1A

w  3 1A
12.

8.
x
(a) 3
(a) 9e  7  20 8
9e  20  7 x 38
9e  27 1M x  24 1A
27 y
e  (b)  6
9 5
e  3 1A y  6  5
(b) 3  6f  9 y  30 1A
6f  9  3 z
6f  12 1M (c)  7
4
12
f  z  7  (4)
6 z  28 1A
f  2 1A
13.
9. 5u
(a) 2g  41  3 (a)  10
6
2g  3  41
5u  10  6
2g  38 1M
5u  60 1M
38
g  60
2 u 
5
g  19 1A
u  12 1A

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Using Algebra to Solve Problems

3v 17. n
(b) 9
m (b)  6 1
10 (a) 5  1 6
3v  9  10 4
n
3v  90 1M m 16
 1  5 6
90 4
v  n
3 m  5 1M
4 1M 6
v  30 1A 4
n  5  (6)
m  4  (4)
14. n  30 1A
m  16 1A
a2
(a) 4 18.
3 (a) 5  s 4
a2 43 s 45 1M
a2  12 1M s  1
a  12  2 s 1 1A
a  14 1A
(b) 13  t  6
b  16 t  6  13 1M
(b)  4
5 t  19
b  16  4  5 t  19 1A
b  16  20 1M
19.
b  20  16
(a) 5  4a  13
b  4 1A
4a  13  5
4a  8 1M
15.
8
c  15 a 
(a) 2 4
7
a  2 1A
c  15 27
c  15  14 1M (b) 15  9b  3
c  14  15 9b  3  15 1M
c  1 1A 9b  18
18
d 9 b 
(b)  5 9
3 b 2 1A
d9  5  3
d9  15 1M 20.
d  15  9 4c 1
d  24 1A (a) 
21 7
1 21
16. c   1M
h 7 4
(a)  5  2 3
7 c  1A
4
h
 2  5
7 3d 9
(b) 
h 10 25
3 1M
7 9 10
h 37
d   1M
25 3
h  21 1A
6
d  1A
k 5
(b) 75
4
k Level 2
57
4 21.
3x
k (a) 2  11
 2 1M 4
4
k  2  4
3x
 11  2
k  8 1A 4

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 C:\Program Files\HKEP\JP08F1\word\Eng\1A Ch03\

3x (a) 5(x  8)  13  2 8u  23.2 1M

9 1M
4 5(x  8)  2  13 u  23.2  8
5(x  8)  15 1M u  2.9 1A
4
x 9 1M 15
3 x8  (b) 7u  17.3  8.6
5
x  12 1A 7u  8.6  17.3
x  8  3 1M 7u  25.9 1M
4y x  3  8
(b) 7  23 u  25.9  (7)
9 x  11 1A u  3.7 1A
4y (b) 3(y  15)  11  7
 23  7 (c) 4u  19.3  7.5
9 3(y  15)  7  11 4u  7.5  19.3
4y 3(y  15)  18 1M 4u  26.8 1M
 16 1M
9 18 u  26.8  (4)
y  15 
3 u  6.7 1A
9
y  16  1M y  15  6 1M
4
y  6  15 28.
y  36 1A
y  21 1A u  7 .3
(a)  2.1
22. 5
25.
2 u  7.3  2.1  5
(a) x7  3 3x  7 u  7.3  10.5 1M
5 (a) 4
5 u  10.5  7.3
2 3x  7  4  5
x  3  7 u  17.8 1A
5 3x  7  20 1M
3x  20  7 u  1.9
2 (b) 5
x  10 1M
3x  27 1M  2.2
5
27 u  1.9  5  (2.2)
5 x 
x  10  1M u  1.9  11 1M
2 3
x 9 1A u  11  1.9
x  25 1A u  12.9 1A
3 y  19
2 (b) 8 u  3.8
(b) y 1  5 7 (c)  4.3
7 3
3y  19  8  (7)
2 u  3.8  4.3  3
y  5  1 3y  19  56 1M
7 u  3.8  12.9 1M
3y  56  19
2 u  12.9 3.8
3y  75 1M
y  6 1M u  16.7 1A
7 75
y 
7 3 29.
y  6  1M
2 y  25 1A x4
y  21 1A
(a) 6 3
5
26.
23. (a) 4.3  5u  7.8 x4
36
(a) 4(x  5)  5  1 5u  7.8  4.3 5
4(x  5)  1  5 5u  3.5 1M x4
9 1M
4(x  5)  4 1M u  3.5  5 5
4 u  0.7 1A
x5  x4 95
4 (b) 21.6  9u  3.6 x4  45 1M
x5 1 1M 9u  3.6  21.6 x  45  4
x 15 9u  25.2 1M x  49 1A
x 6 1A u  25.2  9
y  12
(b) 3(y  4)  10  4 u  2.8 1A (b) 4  2
7
3(y  4)  4  10 (c) 14.5  6u  2.3 y  12
3(y  4)  6 1M 6u  2.3  14.5  2  4
7
6 6u  16.8 1M
y4  y  12
3 u  16.8  6 2 1M
y  4  2 1M u  2.8 1A 7
y  2  4 y  12  2  (7)
y  6 1A 27. y  12  14 1M
(a) 8u  12.7  10.5 y  14  12
24. 8u  10.5  12.7

101
Using Algebra to Solve Problems

y  26 1A 5x  1  13  2 5
(u  17)  40 1M
5x  1  26 1M 6
30. 5x  25 1M
x9  6
x  5 1A u  17  40     1M
(a) 7 2
 5
6
33. u  17  48 1M
x9
27 9  8d u  31 1A
6 (a) 6 5
x9 7
 5 1M 9  8d
6  1 1M Chapter 3.4
x9  5  6 7 More about Solving Equations in One
x9  30 1M 9  8d  1  7 Unknown
x  30  9 9  8d  7 1M Level 1
x  39 1A 8d  16 1M 1.
d  2 1A (a) 2a  3a  15
y7
(b) 3  8 5a  15 1M
2 3  4b
(b) 6 7 15
5 a 
y7 5
 8  3 3  4b
2 1 1M a 3 1A
y7 5
 11 1M 3  4b  1  5 (b) 7h  4h  21
2
3  4b  5 1M 3h  21 1M
y7  11  (2) 21
4b  2 1M h 
y7  22 1M
1 3
y  22  7 b  1A
2 h 7 1A
y  15 1A

31. 2.
34.
(a) 6b  2b  24
y  23 3
(a)  64  71 (a) (u  5)  7  11 6b  2b  24 1M
11 4
4b  24
y  23 3 24
7 1M (u  5)  18 1M b 
11 4 4
y  23  7  11 4 b 6 1A
u  5  18  1M
y  23  77 1M 3
y  100 1A (b) 11k  32  5k
u  5  24 1M
11k  5k  32 1M
u  29 1A
x5 16k  32
(b)  24  6
12 2 32
(b) (u  3)  5  1 k 
x5 5 16
 30 1M
12 2 k 2 1A
(u  3)  4 1M
x  5  30  12 5
x  5  360 1M 5 3.
x  365 1A u3 4 1M 5s  7  1  3s
2
5s  3s  1  7 1M
 10 1M
32. 8s  6 1M
u 7 1A
3y  5 6
(a) 2 9 s 
4 35. 8
3y  5 6 3
7 1M (a) (u  13)  8  4 s  1A
4 7 4
3y  5 74 6 4.
3y  5  28
(u  13)  12 1M
1M 7 7u  11  2u  36
3y  33 1M 7u  2u  36  11 1M
 7
y  11 1A u  13  12     1M 5u  25 1M
 6
25
5x  1 u  13  14 1M u 
(b) 4  9 5
2 u  27 1A
u 5 1A
5x  1
 13 1M 5
2 (b) (u  17)  7  33
6 5.

102
 C:\Program Files\HKEP\JP08F1\word\Eng\1A Ch03\

4v  21  6v  13 c c 7x
 5 1M   21 1M
4v  6v  13  21 1M 4 6 9
2v  8 1M
c3 c2  9
8  5 x  21    
v  43 6 2  7
2
1M x  27 1A
v 4 1A
3c  2c
5 1M 4x 3y
12 (b)  7   14
6. 5 5
5(x  3)  3x  7 5c  5  12
4y 3y
5x  15  3x  7 1M 5c  60 1M    14  7
c  12 1A 5 5
5x  3x  7  15 1M
1M
2x 8 1M
4 14. 7y
x 1A   21 1M
4d 7d 5
26  
7. 9 6  5

y  21   
7y  2(5  4y)  20  4d  7d  7 
7y  10  8y  20 1M  26    18   18
 9  6 y  15 1A
7y  8y  20  10 1M
1M 18.
15y  30 1M
4d 2.7t  34.3  3.5t  6.4
y 2 1A 26  18   18  7d  3
9 2.7t  3.5t  6.4  34.3 1M
6.2t  27.9 1M
8. 468  8d  21d 1M
62t  279 1M
23t  4(5  6t)  13 8d  21d  468 1M
 279
23t  20  24t  13 1M 13d  468 1M t 
23t  24t  13  20  62
1M d  36 1A
t 7 1M t  4.5 1A
t  7 1A 15.
19.
5r 2r
9.
  17 2p - 5(2 - 7p) = 3(15 - 6p)
9 7
3(m  9)  8(m  2)  22 2p - 10  35p = 45 - 18p 2M
5r  7 2 r  9 2p  35p  18p = 45  10
3m  27  8m  16  22 2M   17 1M
3m  8m  22  27  16 1M
97 79 55p = 55
11m  11 1M 1M p 1 1A
m 1 1A 35r  18r
 17 1M
63 20.
10. 8[3q - (5 - 7q)] = 5(3q - 47)
17r  17  63 1M
7(n  9)  3(n  6) 5 8(3q - 5  7q) = 5(3q - 47) 1M
r  63 1A
7n  63  3n  18 5 2M 8(10q - 5) = 5(3q - 47) 1M
7n  3n  5  63  18 1M 80q - 40 = 15q - 235 1M
16.
10n  50 1M 80q - 15q = -235  40 1M
2 w 5w
n 5 1A   9 65q = -195
5 8
q = -3 1A
 2 w 5w 
11.     40  9  40
6(p  2)  2(p  3)  42  5 8  21.
6p  12  2p  6  42 2M 1M 6(5 - 2r) + 28 = 7r - 10(r + 5)
6p  2p  42  12  6 1M 30 - 12r + 28 = 7r - 10r - 50 2M
2w 5w
4p  60 1M   40   40  9  40 -12r - 7r + 10r = -50 - 30 - 28 2M
5 8
p  15 1A -9r = -108
16w  25w  360 1M r = 12 1A
9w  360 1M
12.
w  40 1A
3(q  3)  5(q  8)  31 22.
3q  9  5q  40  31 2M 3(s - 0.7) = 5.7 - 0.6(1 - s)
Level 2 3s - 2.1 = 5.7 - 0.6 + 0.6s 2M
3q  5q  31  9  40 1M
17. 3s - 0.6s = 5.7 - 0.6 + 2.1 2M
2q  18 1M
7x 14 x 2.4s = 7.2
q 9 1A (a) 6   15
9 9 s =3 1A
13. 7 x 14 x
  15  6
23.
c c 9 9
5
4 6 1M

103
Using Algebra to Solve Problems

a3 a3 2h  22  25  3h  12 2M Chapter 3.5

=
5 2 2h  3h  25  12  22 1M Applications of Equations in One Known
5h  15 Level 1
a3 a3
 10 =  10 h  3 1A 1.
5 2
Base  Height
1M Area of triangle 
28. 2
2(a + 3) = 5(a - 3) 1M 8(14 - 2k) = 3[2k - 3(11 + k) + 14]
2a + 6 = 5a - 15 2M 8  ( x  1)
112 - 16k = 3(2k - 33 - 3k + 14) 2M  28 1M
2a - 5a = -15 - 6 1M 112 - 16k = 3(-k - 19) 1M 2
-3a = -21 4(x  1)  28 1M
112 - 16k = -3k - 57 1M
a =7 1A x1 7 1M
-16k + 3k = -57 -112 1M
x 6 1A
-13k = -169 1M
24. k = 13 1A 2.
b9 b7
  2 Perimeter of rectangle  2  (Length + Width)
7 3 29.
2[(3x  1)  (x - 2)]  70 1M
b9 b7  2  21 1 1  =m1 2(4x - 1)  70 1M
    21   (m  13)  8
 7 3  3 5  4x - 1  35 1M
1 4x  36
1M
(m  13)  8 = -3(m  1) x 9 1A
3(b  9)  7(b  7)  42 1M 5
3b  27  7b  49  42 2M 1M 3.
3b  7b  42  27  49 1M
1  Let $x be the original amount of David’s
10b  20  5 (m  13)  8  5 = -3(m  1) 
b  2 1A
  pocket money. 1M
2
5 2M x  x - 16  4 1M
25. (m  13) - 40 = -15(m  1) 1M 3
c5 c3 m  13 - 40 = -15m - 15 1M 2
  4 x  x  4  16 1M
m  15m = -15 - 13  40 1M 3
9 8
16m = 12
 c5 c3 1
 3 x  20
   72  4  72
m = 1A 3
 9 8  4
x  60 1M
1M
∴ The original amount of David’s
8(c  5)  9(c  3)  288 1M 30.
pocket money was $60. 1A
8c  40  9c  27  288 2M n  0 .1 n  0 .7 = n  1.2
8c  9c  288  40  27 1M 
0.3 0.2 0.8 4.
c  275
c  275 1A  n  0 .1 n  0 .7  Let x cm be the height of Barry. 1M
    2 .4 = Then the height of Adrian  (2x - 16) cm.
 0.3 0 .2 
26. 2x - 16  158 1M
n  1.2
3d  4 d  4 7  2.4 1M 2x  174
  0.8 x  87 1M
5 2 5 8(n  0.1)  12(n  0.7)  3(n  1.2) 1M
∴ The height of Barry is 87 cm. 1A
 3d  4 d  4  7 8n  0.8  12n  8.4  3n  3.6 2M
    10   10
 5 2  5 8n  12n  3n  3.6  0.8  8.4 1M
5.
7n  5.6 1M
2M Let x be the number of software
n  0.8 1A
2(3d  4)  5(d  4)  14 1M developed in January. 1M
6d  8  5d  20  14 1M Then the number of software developed
6d  5d  14  8  20 1M in February  x - 12.
d 2 2A x  (x - 12)  86 1M
x  x - 12  86
27. 2x  86  12 1M
1 25 1 2x  98
(h  11)    ( h  4)
3 6 2 x  49 1M
1 ∴ The number of software developed
(h  11)  6 
3 in January is 49. 1A

 25 1 
  6  2 ( h  4)   6 2M
 
2(h  11)  25  3(h  4) 1M

104
 C:\Program Files\HKEP\JP08F1\word\Eng\1A Ch03\

6. 11. 15.
Let n be the original number of cups. 1M Let x be the original number of sweets in Let x be the number of cartoons drawn
Then the number of cups sold  n - 5. each pack. 1M by Sally in an hour. 1M
(n - 5)  15  1080 1M Then the number of sweets remaining Then the number of cartoons drawn by
n - 5  72  3  Kelly in an hour  x  5.
2 
 x
n  77 1M  20  Since they spent 4 hours to draw 92
∴ The original number of cups is 77. 1A cartoons in total, we have
37 x
 4[x  (x  5)]  92 1M
7. 20 2x  5  23
Let $x be the original price of each pack 1M 2x  18
of biscuits. 1M Since the sweets are evenly distributed x 9 1M
Then the new price of each pack to 4 friends, we have
∴ The number of cartoons drawn by
 $(x - 6) 37 x
 4  37 1M Sally in an hour is 9. 1A
(x - 6)  16  144 1M 20
x-6 9 16.
20
x  15 1M x  4  37  Let n be the number of $5 coins. 1M
37
∴ The original price of each pack of Then the number of $1 coins  3n.
x  80 1M
biscuits is $15. 1A Since the total value of the coins is $104,
∴ The original number of sweets in we have
8. each pack was 80. 1A
Let $x be the amount paid by the shopkeeper 5  n  1  3n  104 1M
for buying a pack of chocolate. 1M 8n  104
12.
Then the selling price  $3x. n  13 1M
Let $x be the price of a reference book. 1M
3x  40  660 1M Then Sam’s pocket money  $(3x  34). ∴ The number of $5 coins is 13. 1A
120x  660 Since his pocket money is 5 times Jack’s,
x  5.5 1M we have 17.
3x  34  5  47 1M Basic salary  $19 500  2
∴ The amount paid by the shopkeeper
3x  201  $9750 1M
for buying a pack of chocolate was
$5.5. 1A x  67 1M Let $x be Sandy’s bonus last month. 1M
∴ The price of a reference book is $67. 1A Then the total income last month
9.  $(x  9750)
Let x be son’s age this year. 1M 13. Since the total income of this month is
Then Kate’s age this year  6x. Let x mL be the original volume of orange 13
of that of last month, we have
Since Kate’s age will be 41 after 5 years, juice. 1M 16
we have x - 200  5  360 1M 13
6x  5  41 1M (x  9750)  19 500 1M
x - 200  1800 16
6x  36 x  2000 1M x  9750  24 000
x 6 1M x  14 250 1M
∴ The original volume of orange juice
∴ Her son’s age is 6 this year. 1A 2000 ∴ Her bonus last month was $14 250. 1A
 L
1000
10. Level 2
2L 1A
Let x be father’s age this year. 1M 18.
3x Area of rectangle  Length  Widdth
Then Betty’s age this year  . 14.
7 Area of the larger rectangle
Let the number of boys be x. 1M
Since Betty’s age was 17 last year, we have Since the number of girls is 3 more than  5(3x - 4) cm2 1M
Area of the smaller rectangle
3x 7
- 1  17 1M of the boys, we have  4(2x  1) cm2 1M
7 8
Since the difference between their areas
3x 7 is 53 cm2, we have
 18 283  x  3 1M
7 8 5(3x - 4) - 4(2x  1)  53 1M
x  42 1M 7 15x - 20 - 8x - 4  53 2M
x  280
∴ Father’s age is 42 this year. 1A 8 15x - 8x  53  20  4 1M
x  320 1M 7x  77
∴ The number of boys is 320. 1A x  11 1A

105
Using Algebra to Solve Problems

19. 21. ∴ Difference in their ages

Let $x be the price of a bottle of water. 1M Let n be the number of $5 coins. 1M 2
 63   63
Then the price of a can of coke  $(x  1.2). Then the number of $1 coins  2n and 9
Since the price of 8 cans of coke is the same the number of $2 coins  2n - 7. 1M
1M
as that of 10 bottles of water, we have Since the total value of the coins is $85,  49 1A
8(x  1.2)  10x 1M we have
8x  9.6  10x 1M 5n  2n  2(2n - 7)  85 1M 24.
8x - 10x  -9.6 1M 5n  2n  4n - 14  85 1M Let n be the number of newspapers sold. 1M
-2x  -9.6 11n  85  14 1M Then the number of magazines sold
x  4.8 1M 11n  99  136 – n
∴ The price of a bottle of water is $4.8. n 9 1M Since a profit of $432 is made, we have
∴ The price of 30 bottles of water ∴ The number of $5 coins is 9. 2.4n  4.6(136 – n)  432 1M
 $(4.8  30) ∴ The number of $2 coins  2  9 - 7 2.4n  625.6 – 4.6n  432 1M
 $144 1A  11 1A 2.4n – 4.6n  432 – 625.6
–2.2n  –193.6
20. 22. n  88 1M
Let x be the original number of members Let x be the number of sweets given to ∴ The number of newspapers sold is 88. 1M
in the club. 1M Leon. 1M
Profit made by selling newspapers
Then the original number of male members Then the number of sweets Leon has
 $(2.4  88)
1  12  x  $211.2 1M
 x .
3 On the other hand, the number of sweets Profit made by selling magazines
With 4 new male members joining the club, given to Roy is 19 – x.  $(432 – 211.2)
the new number of members  x  4 The number of sweets Roy has  $220.8 1M
and the new number of male members   17  19 – x
∴ Profit made by selling magazines is
1  36 – x 1M greater than that of newspapers. 1A
x4.
3 Since the number of sweets Roy has is
1M 3 times that of Leon, we have 25.
2 3(12  x)  36 – x 1M Let n be the original number of marbles
Since of the members are male, we in bag A. 1M
5 36  3x  36 – x 1M
3x  x  36 – 36 1M Then the original number of marbles in
have
4x 0 bag B  162 - n.
1 2
x  4  ( x  4) 1M x 0 1M New number of marbles in bag A
3 5  1 
∴ The number of sweets given to Leon  n  n
1   4 
15   x  4   is 0. 1A
3  3
23.  n
2 4
15  ( x  4) 1M Let x be grandfather’s age this year. 1M
5 1M
2
5x  60  6(x  4) 1M Then Matthew’s age this year  x. New number of marbles in bag B
5x  60  6x  24 9
 1 
5x - 6x  24 - 60 1M After 7 years, grandfather’s age  x  7  162  n  n
 4 
-x  -36 3
and Matthew’s age  ( x  7) . 1M
 3 
x  36 1M 10  162  n
∴ The original number of members Since Matthew’s age will increase by 7,  4 
was 36. we have 1M
∴ New number of members 3 2 Since the number of marbles in bag A is
 36  4
( x  7)  x 7
10 9 30 more than that of bag B, we have
 40 1A
1M 3  3 
n  162  n   30
 3 2  4  4 
90   ( x  7)  x   7  90
 10 9  1M
1M 3 3
n  162  n  30 1M
27(x  7) – 20x  630 1M 4 4
27x  189 – 20x  630 3
27x – 20x  630 – 189
n  192
2
7x  441
n  128 1A
x  63 1M
∴ The original number of marbles in
∴ Grandfather’s age is 63 this year.
bag A is 128.

106
 C:\Program Files\HKEP\JP08F1\word\Eng\1A Ch03\

∴ Original number of marbles in bag B Multiple-choice Questions

 162 - 128 Level 1 8.
 34 1A 1. C
C x
2 4
Since the sum of m and n  m  n, 3
The required result  (m  n)  7 x
 7(m  n) 42
3
2.
x
C 2
3
12q  8r  s
x 23
12q x 6
 s
8r
3q  s 9.

2r A
2n  7  23
3qs
 2n  23  7
2r
2n  16
16
3. n 
2
B
n  8
5x  5  2x  5x  2x  5
 (5  2)x  5
10.
 3x  5
C
20  5p
4.
5p  20
A
20
Price of a pear  $a p 
Price of 2 oranges  $(b  2) 5
 $2b p 4
∴ Total price  $(a  2b)
11.
5. C
B 6x  2x  48
5  3p  5  3(5) 6x  2x  48
 5  15 4x  48
 10 48
x 
4
6. x  12
A
9t  5 12.
s 
7 A
9(6)  5 7k  28  37  2k
 7k  2k  37  28
7
9k  9
54  5
 9
7 k 
9
49
 k 1
7
 7 13.
C
7. 3a a7
A a  a  7  3
6y  9  15 2a  10
6y  15  9 10
6y  6 a 
2
6
y  a 5
6
y 1

107
Using Algebra to Solve Problems

14. 19.
C B 25.
5(h  6) h2 Let the amount that Kelvin has be $x. C
5h  30 h2 The amount that Bonnie has  $(x  20). x7
5 2
5h  h  2  30 Since they have $100 together, we have 3
4h  28 x  (x  20)  100
x7
28 x  x  20  100  25
h  3
4 2x  80
x  40 x7
h 7   3
∴ The amount that Kelvin has is $40. 3
15. x  7  3  (3)
B 20. x7 9
4(m  7)  5(m  1)  22 C x  16
4m  28  5m  5  22 Let the original number of sweets in each
4m  5m  22  28  5 pack be x. 26.
9m  45 Number of sweets in 5 packs  5x. D
Since 8 sweets are eaten, we have 3[2  5(y  4)  2y]  5(6  y)
45
m  5x  8  12  16 3(2  5y  20  2y)  5(6  y)
9
5x  8  192 3(22  3y)  5(6  y)
m 5
5x  200 66  9y  30  5y
x  40 9y  5y  30  66
16.
4y  36
C ∴ The original number of sweets in each
y 9
3(c  3)  2(c  2)  9 pack is 40.
3c  9  2c  4  9
27.
3c  2c  9  9  4 Level 2
D
c 4 21.
7 p p5
C   –2
Since the difference between p and 3 5 7
17.
B p3 7 p p5
    35  –2  35
and the sum of 5 and k  5  k,
r r  5 7 
 4 p 3
3 6 the required result  . 7(7  p) – 5(p  5)  –70
r2 r 5k 49  7p – 5p  25  –70
 4
7p – 5p  –70 – 49 – 25
3 2 6 22.
–12p  –144
2r  r D
4 p  12
6 4a  5b  6  7a  8
2r  r  4  6  4a  7a  5b  6  8
28.
3r  24  11a  5b  14
B
24  14  11a  5b
r 
3
23.
r 8
B
Number of packs of fruit juice sold  n  4.
18.
D Amount received  $[5  (n  4)]
 $(5n  20)
w w
 5
6 10 24.
w5 w3 B
 5
6  5 10  3 3m  10 2
k 
5w  3w 4n m
5
30 3( 4)  10 2
2w  5  30  
4(5) 4
2w  150
150 2 1
w  
2 20 2
w  75 3

5

108
 C:\Program Files\HKEP\JP08F1\word\Eng\1A Ch03\

1 2 1 
  (3  x)  x  1
3 5 2 
1 2 3 x 
     x 1
3 5 2 2
1  4  15 x 
    x 1
3  10 2
1  19 x 
    x 1
3  10 2 
19 x
  x 1
30 6
19  1
 1  1   x
30  6
49 7
 x
30 6
49 6
x 
30 7
7

5

29.
A
Since the number of pears can be sold
m7
The amount received  $[3  (m  7)]
 $3(m  7)
Since Mr. Cheung spent $200 to buy the
pears and earned $139, we have
3(m  7)  200  139
3m  21  200  139
3m  139  21  200
3m  360
m  120
∴ Number of pears that can be sold
 120  7
 113

30.
C
Let the number of rubbers be x.
Then the number of pencils  2x  2.
Since the total price is $125.6, we have
1.8(2x  2)  2.5x  125.6
3.6x  3.6  2.5x  125.6
6.1x  122
x  20
Number of pencils  2  20  2
 42
∴ The difference  42  20
 22

109