Online Classes GEC-BH - Sep 2020

S7 ME401: DESIGN OF MACHINE ELEMENTS - I

Module 2 (Part A)
(KTU Syllabus)

Dr. Mathew John

Assistant Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Government Engineering College Barton Hill

Date of commencement of KTU odd semester classes: 17 Aug 2020 1

Introduction

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Stress Tensor- stress state at a point
The stress tensor components
(the elements of the matrix)
depend on the coordinate
system chosen

Principal Stresses
By a special rotation of the coordinate system, it is possible to reduce a
general stress tensor to one with only the three normal components.

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Principal Stresses- 2D (Plane stress)

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Ref. Machine Design- R. L Norton

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 Theories of Failure (Static)
1. Maximum Shear Stress Theory (Tresca/ Guest’s
Theory)
2. Maximum Principal Stress Theory (Rankine’s
Theory)
3. Maximum Distortion Energy Theory (von Mises -
Hencky Theory)
4. Maximum Strain Theory (St. Venant’s Theory)
5. Maximum total strain energy theory (Haigh’s
Theory)
Ref. Machine Design- R. L Norton
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Dr. Mathew John S7 ME – DME-1 GEC Barton Hill
 1. Maximum Shear Stress Theory
(Tresca- Guest’s Theory)
MSST states that, failure occurs when maximum
shear stress in a part exceeds the shear stress
in a tensile specimen at yield (one half of the
tensile Yield Strength)

Also known as Coulomb theory

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Dr. Mathew John S7 ME – DME-1 GEC Barton Hill
Maximum Shear Stress Criterion contd….

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Failure surface in case of
Tresca Yield criterion.

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2. Maximum Principal Stress Theory
(Rankine’s Theory)

Failure occurs when,

Ref. Machine Design- R. L Norton

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Dr. Mathew John S7 ME – DME-1 GEC Barton Hill
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3. Maximum Distortion Energy Theory
(von Mises - Hencky Theory)
According to this theory the failure or yielding occurs at a
point when the distortion strain energy per unit volume in
a stress system reaches the limiting distortion strain energy
per unit volume (ie. at yield point) as determined from a
simple tension test.

Dr. Mathew John Govt. Engg. College Barton Hill

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Ref: Design of Machine Elements-V B Bhandari
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Dr. Mathew John S7 ME – DME-1 GEC Barton Hill
Dr. Mathew John Govt. Engg. College Barton Hill
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Ref. Machine Design- R. L Norton 18
 …Eq. (1)

For Three dimensional stress state the failure occurs when,

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Comparison-
Tresca theory vs. von Mises theory

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Ref: Design of Machine Elements-V B Bhandari 23
4. Maximum Strain Theory (St. Venant’s
Theory)
According to this theory, The failure of a component
occurs when the maximum strain under actual loading
exceeds the maximum strain in tension bar subjected to
yield point stress
Maximum value of the
principal strains is considered

Dr. Mathew John Govt. Engg. College Barton Hill

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5. Maximum Total Strain Energy Theory
(Haigh’s Theory)
According to this theory, Failure of a component occurs
when the total strain energy per unit volume under actual
condition of loading exceeds the total strain energy per
unit volume of tension test bar at the yield point stress.

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Dr. Mathew John Govt. Engg. College Barton Hill
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 Theories of Failure

Please refer: (1) Design Data book by K. Mahadevan (4e)- Page Nos. 21, 22
Dr. Mathew John Govt. Engg. College Barton Hill
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Please refer: (1) Design Data book by K. Mahadevan (4e)- Page Nos. 21, 22 28
 Design for Strength- Static loads

Dr. Mathew John Govt. Engg. College Barton Hill

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Module 1 – Part A (Summary)

Dr. Mathew John Govt. Engg. College Barton Hill

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Appendix
Plane stress (2D)

Ref: Text book Mechanics of Materials by Gere and Goodno 31

Combined Stresses- Plane stress (2D) ..contd/..

Dr. Mathew John Govt. Engg. College Barton Hill

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Ref: Text book Mechanics of Materials by Gere and Goodno 33
Dr. Mathew John Govt. Engg. College Barton Hill
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Dr. Mathew John Govt. Engg. College Barton Hill
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Combined Stresses- Plane stress (2D) ..contd/..

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Ref: Mechanics of Solids by Egor P. Popov
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Dr. Mathew John S7 ME – DME-1 GEC Barton Hill