Lecture7 Ene

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Recall Galileo's experiment

demo peg pendulum

total energy is conserved i e constant in time

MF depends on
r
Ms ph system

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unit is Joules kg m r

total energy kinetic energy t potential energy

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The notion of force comes from energy

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Some example potentials
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demo vertical cannon

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Foggia Gmr

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 loop the loop
eg

energy conservation Emv mgh

centripetal force
mf mg

Eff HH Ih
demo loop the loop
Wort
Let us define a useful concept

C
amount of energy transferred
W to an object via a force

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af
1
initial

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so W Ou
n
n

I I lost
energy gained energy
in potential
e
g as kinetic
This gets more complicated beyond one dimension

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yd V

d
F

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Powers

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per
time
in watts Toute
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demo small explosive

Energy and power can
range over immense scales

energy of million tons

IMT
a

of TNT
6 103
kg 7 4 1015 J

needed for one

energy
household for 100 ooo
1 MT
yrs

all energy
from nuclear
weapons tests t conventional 540 MT
war explosives

all solar energy received

62,500 MT
by Earth in one minute

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10 MT

7 MT
Phase in 130 o w
TWO yrs
54 MT 108 w
Pmankind 7
century

b2 MT 1018 W
Psdar in
4
minute
demo bowling ball