Methods of Research

Lesson 2: Overview of the Research Process

Dr. Racidon P. Bernarte
 Research Process

1.What you want to find out.

2.How to go about finding their answer.
 Research Process

1.What you want to find out

• PROBLEM
2.How to go about finding their answer.
• PROCESS
• RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
•METHODS, PROCEDURES AND MODELS
 The Research Process
• Select a research topic
• Review relevant literature
• State the research problem and objectives
• Formulate the study framework
• Determine the appropriate methodology
• Collect a relevant data
• Analyze and interpret the result
• Prepare the result report
• Present the result in an appropriate forum
The Research Process
 The Research Process
• Select a research topic
• Review relevant literature
• State the research problem and objectives
• Formulate the study framework
• Determine the appropriate methodology
• Collect a relevant data
• Analyze and interpret the result
• Prepare the result report
• Present the result in an appropriate forum
 Guidelines in the Selection of a
Research Problem or Topic

The research problem must be chosen by

the researcher himself so that he will not
make excuses for all the obstacles he will
encounter.
The problem must be within the interest of
the researcher so that he will give all the
time and effort in the research work.
 Guidelines in the Selection of a
Research Problem or Topic

The problem must be within the

specialization of the researcher. It will
make the work easier for the
researcher because he is familiar in the
area and it will help him improve his
specialization, skill and competence in
his own area.
 Guidelines in the Selection of a
Research Problem or Topic

The research problem must be within

the competence of the researcher.
The researcher must know the
procedures in making research and
how to apply them. He must have a
workable understanding of his study.
 Guidelines in the Selection of a
Research Problem or Topic

The research problem must be

manageable. The data must be available
or within the capacity of the researcher
to gather data. The data must be
accurate, objective and not biased. The
data should help the researcher answer
the question being investigated.
 Guidelines in the Selection of a
Research Problem or Topic

The research problem must be completed

within the period set by the researcher.

The research problem must be significant,

important and relevant to the present time
as well as to the future. This means that the
research problem must have an impact to
the situation and people it is intended for.
Guidelines in the Selection of a
Research Problem or Topic

The results of the study must be practical

and implementable.

The study must contribute to the human

knowledge. The facts and knowledge
must be a product of research.
 Guidelines Summary

• Interest: a research endeavor is usually time consuming, and involves hard

work and possibly unforeseen problems. One should select topic of great
interest to sustain the required motivation.
• Magnitude: It is extremely important to select a topic that you can manage
within the time and resources at your disposal. Narrow the topic down to
something manageable, specific and clear.
• Measurement of concepts: Make sure that you are clear about the
indicators and measurement of concepts (if used) in your study.
 Guidelines Summary

• Level of expertise: Make sure that you have adequate level of expertise for
the task you are proposing since you need to do the work yourself.
• Relevance: Ensure that your study adds to the existing body of knowledge,
bridges current gap
• Availability of data: Before finalizing the topic, make sure that data are
available.
• Ethical issues: How ethical issues can affect the study population and how
ethical problems can be overcome should be thoroughly examined at the
problem formulating stage.
 Sources of Topic

• Reading
• Academic Experience
• Daily Work Experience
• Exposure to the Fields of Situations
• Consultations
• Brainstorming
• Past Research
• Intuition
 What is research problem?
• Research questions are interrogative statements that
focus on what variables or concepts are to be described
and what relationships might exist among them.

• A problem statement is a clear, concise description of

what a particular body of research intends to focus on.
The statement is used to limit the scope of the problem.
It should also inform the reader of the importance of the
research and cause him to want to read on.
Steps in Formulating Research Problem
 Example of research problem?

1. How educational environment influence the social

and intellectual outcomes of students?
2. What is the preferred learning styles of the students
and its relationship to their academic performance?
3. How K-12 influence the career decision of high school
students?
Follow the steps:
 End!
Thank you
Lesson 2: Overview of the Research Process
Dr. Racidon P. Bernarte
 Assignment
Lesson 2: Overview of the Research Process
Dr. Racidon P. Bernarte
From the 3 identified research topics related to
your own academic field or professional area.
Dissect them into subtopics and formulate the
research questions and at least 3 objectives.
Follow the steps:
Useful Links
Lesson 1: Research a Way of Thinking
Dr. Racidon P. Bernarte
• http://education.ufl.edu/counselor-
education/dissertations-list/

http://eric.ed.gov/

http://www.proquest.com/

http://www.sciencedirect.com/