Name of Project Demwe Lower H.E.

Project
Unit Capacity(Generator side) 31.0 MW
No of Units 1.0
1. Head Range& Design Head
FRL 1055.0 m
MDDL 1054.0 m
Minimum TWL 298.3 m with one unit running
Normal TWL 167.0 m with all units running
Maximum TWL 302.0 m with all units running
River Flood Level 313.5 m
Maximum Gross Head corresponding to one unit operating at FRL= 756.7 m
Normal Gross Head corresponding to all units operating at FRL= 888.0 m
Gross Head corresponding to all the units operating at MDDL= 752.0 m
Gross Head corresponding to Flood Level 740.5 m
Maximum Net Head corresponding to one unit running at FRL= 121.5 m
Normal Minimum Net Head(Normal Hmin) corresponding to all units
operating at MDDL= 95.7 m
Design Head =Hmin+(2/3)*(Normal Hmax-Normal Hmin) 112.9 m
165.0 m(say)

2.Specific Speed & Rated Speed of Turbine

As per the USBR approximateM max specific speed (ns'max)=233
As per the USBR approximate min.specific speed (ns'min)=155
average estimated specific speed (ns')=nsmin+(2/3)*(nsmax-n
As per Water Power&Dam Construction'Aug'76 ns=3470/hd^
As per IS :12800(Part-I),Figure-1(Copy enclose
Trial Speed based on above values of ns we get n'=ns'*(hd)^1.25/(Pd

Accordingly a rated speed cosid

Now Final Design Specific Speed is calculated as
a. As per USB
b.As per the Water Power & Dam Construction'Nov 87 Nq=n*Q^0.5/hd
ns
c.As per IS 12800(Part-I) ns=n*(1.358*p)^0.5/h
As per WP&dc'1976 Final Specific Speed ns=n*Pd^0.5/hd

3.Runner Discharge Diameter

a. As per USBR
Velocity Ratio(ø
Discharge Diameter (D3)=84.47*ø
b. As per WP &DC'1976
Peripheral Velocity Coefficient=Ku=0.31+2.5*ns
Discharge Diameter(D3)=84.5*Ku*hd^
c. As per WP &DC'1987
Peripheral Velocity Coefficient=Ku=0.293+0.008
Discharge Diameter(D3)=Ku*60*(2*g*hd)^0.5/
d. As per the Curves of IS:12800(Part1)
Peripheral Velocity Coefficien
Discharge Diamete
For all calculations Runner Discharge Diameter(D3) conside
4.Other important Turbine Diemensions
a. As per WP&DC'1976
All Dimensions are in Meter
Runner: d Discharge diameter
d Specific Speed,Ns(m
D1 =
D2 =
Spiral casing: A=
B=
C=
D=
E=
F=
Draft tube: N=
O=
P=
Q=
R=
5.Turbine Setting
As per the USBR cavitation coefficient(σ)=ns^1.64/5
As per the Water Power & DamConstruction,Aug'76 σ=7.54*10^(-5)*ns
As per the practice of Kvaerner Energy σlimit=7.7*10^(-6)*n11^2+0.0925*
For design
Let us consider water temperature
Corresponding Vapour Pressure(Hv)
Barometric Pressure at sea level
Barometric Pressure(Ha) at TWL
Corresponding to Design Head(Hd), Suction Head(hs)=Ha-Hv
Again as per Max Head(Hmax), Suction Head(hs)=Ha-Hv-σ*H
As such Setting firmed up as keeping a margin of 5
So center line of distribu
 ower H.E.Project
Discharge 20.8 Cumec

36.4

m with one unit running at FRL

m with all units running at FRL
m with all units running at MDDL

0.907

314.4 125.8

specific speed (ns'max)=2334/√hd= 181.7

specific speed (ns'min)=1553/√hd= 120.9
(ns')=nsmin+(2/3)*(nsmax-nsmin)= 161.4
ruction'Aug'76 ns=3470/hd^0.625= 142.7
art-I),Figure-1(Copy enclosed),ns= 185.0
we get n'=ns'*(hd)^1.25/(Pd)^0.5=
a. 460.2 rpm
b. 474.4 rpm
c. 615.1 rpm
ordingly a rated speed cosidered is 500.0 rpm
ecific Speed is calculated as below:
a. As per USBR ns= 175.4 metric
ction'Nov 87 Nq=n*Q^0.5/hd^0.75= 49.5
ns=3*Nq 172.7 metric
Part-I) ns=n*(1.358*p)^0.5/h^1.25= 175.2 metric
ecific Speed ns=n*Pd^0.5/hd^1.25= 150.4 mkw
175.5 metric

elocity Ratio(ø3)=0.021*(ns)^(2/3)= 0.7

Diameter (D3)=84.47*ø3*hd^0.5/n= 1.4 meter

Coefficient=Ku=0.31+2.5*ns/1000= 0.7
MACHINEAXIS

Diameter(D3)=84.5*Ku*hd^0.5/n)= 1.5 meter

h1

TURBINE CENTRE
LINE LEVEL
NERHEIGHT
b
RUN

h2

Coefficient=Ku=0.293+0.0081*Nq= 0.7 RUNNER EXIT

LEVEL

ter(D3)=Ku*60*(2*g*hd)^0.5/(Π*n)= 1.5 meter D1

D2

D3

Peripheral Velocity Coefficient=Ku= 0.8 RUNNER

Discharge Diameter=D3= 1.7 meter

harge Diameter(D3) considered as 6.8 meter
 D1

D2

D3

RUNNER

d Discharge diameter, D3 = 6.8

d Specific Speed,Ns(m-kw)= 150.3
7.0 H1 = 0.9
6.7 H2 = 2.3
7.3 G= 10.4
10.0 H= 9.1 C B

11.2 I= 1.3
A

CL OF DISTRIBUTION M

D3

12.4 L= 6.5

H
I

D
9.5 M= 4.1

Hd
L
PLAN

R
SECTION
SPIRAL CASING

O
12.7

Q
19.7 S= 36.1 SECTION
12.0 T= 10.4

V
8.7 U= 2.8

U
Z

5.0 V= 9.9

V
T

10.9 Z= 19.4 S

PLAN

DRAFT TUBE
tion coefficient(σ)=ns^1.64/50327= 0.10
n,Aug'76 σ=7.54*10^(-5)*ns^1.41= 0.09 22.6
=7.7*10^(-6)*n11^2+0.0925*Q11^2 0.54
For design σ considered=. 0.24
sider water temperature 25.0 Deg C
ur Pressure(Hv) 0.3
e at sea level 10.3 m WC
9.9 m WC
d), Suction Head(hs)=Ha-Hv-σ*hd= -30.2 m
Suction Head(hs)=Ha-Hv-σ*Hmax= -19.7 m
up as keeping a margin of 500mm -20.2 m
So center line of distributor(EL) 278.1 m
 6.0

C B

M
E

I
D

L
PLAN
SECTION
SPIRAL CASING
 GENERATOR DESIGN
Generator Input Data
1. Generator Out Put 31.00 MW
2. Generator Speed 500.00 rpm
3.Run Away Speed 250.00 rpm
4. Frequency 50.00 Hz
5. Power Factor 0.85

Out Put
1. Minimum Admissible Energy Constant 225.42 TM2
2. Maximum Admissible Energy Constant 430.66 TM2
3. Suggested Admissible Energy Constant 243.93 TM2
4.Min Admiisible H-Factor 2.12 KW-Sec/KVA
5. Max Admissible H-Factor 4.04 KW-Sec/KVA
6.Suggested H- Facor 2.29 KW-Sec/KVA
7.Rotor Peripheral Velocity 33.90 M/Sec
8.Effective Core Length 1757.87 mm
9.Stator Bore(Dg) 2589.95 mm
10.Stator Frame Diameter(Df) 4483.19 mm
11.Generator Pit Diameter 6783.19 mm
12.Turbine Pit Diameter 2071.96 mm
13.Core Length 2109.45 mm
14.Stator Frame Height 2643.35 mm
15.Weight of Stator 73.44 Ton
16.Weight of Rotor including Shaft 89.76 Ton
17.Crane Capacity 103.23 Ton 51.61389
17. MVA Rating 36.47
18. Bearing Arrangment= Suspended Type
### Rated Voltage(Vl-l) 15 kV
### Rated MVA(P) 36.4705882352941
### Rated Speed(ns) 500 RPM
### System Frequency(f) 50 Hz
### No of Poles(Np=120*f/Np) 12
### Output Co-efficient(ξ) 8.2
### AirGap Diameter(Dg) 2.59 m
### Hence Core Length(Lc) 1.33 m
### The Pole Pitch(ψ)=π*Dg/Np= 67.80 cm
### Gross Air Gap Area(A)=ψ*Lc= 0.90 sq m
### Assuming Mean Flux Density(Bav)= 0.54 Wb/sq.m
### Flux per pole(φ)=Bav*A 0.49 Wb
### Voltage(Vph) 8.66 kV
### Turns per phase(Tph=1.1*Vph/4.44*φ*f) 89.18
89 (say)
### The possible no of parallel path(np) 4
### In single turn coil(bar winding),the no of slots per phase=np*Tph= 356
### Total No of Slots (Ns) 1068 ,This is divisible by 3
### No of Slots per pole per phase(q) 29 2/3

,The denominator does not contain

So balanced 3-Ph winding is poss
### Now Stator Slot Pitch(λs) 0.761852327423421 cm between 5cm and 9cm & acce
### Bt (max) 1.85 Wb/sqm
### Krt1 1.5
### Effective Core Length(Lc eff=O.8*Lc)= 1.060881 m
### Wt=ø*1.5*Np/(Ns*Lceff*1.85) 0.41696 cm
### Maximum Allowable Slot Width=λs-Wt)= 0.344893 cm
### However the adopted Slot Width with 1cm allowance for insulation 2.5 cm
### The rated current per phase(Iph) 1403.754 Amp
### Adopted Current Density for Top Coil 2.8 Amp/sq.mm
### Adopted Current Density for Bottom Coil Coil 2.8 Amp/sq.mm
### The Thickness of Main Mica Tape Insulation 3.8 mm for 11 kV
Taking 1 mm as radial thickness of insulatio
### The width of each strand of winding is 10.8 mm &is allowable maxim
### The allowable maximum thickness of Bottom Strand 1.8 mm
### The allowable maximum thickness of Top Strand 1.8 mm
### Now the Maximum No of Bottom Strands 6.447281
8 say,(This must be an ev
### Now the Maximum No of Top Strands 6.447281
8 say,(This must be an ev

Now as per the page No 199 of Walker the Dimension of Slot is as follows

### Slot Width 3.096

3.1 cm
Bottom Coil Depth 1.95 cm
Top Coil Depth 1.95 cm
### Slot Depth 5
 5 cm

### Mean Length of Turn

pd 70.4228571406845 cm
λs1 0.7912680577605 cm
xc 4.82 cm
sinθ3 6.09148815338494
secθ3 #NUM!
Y #NUM! cm
MLT #NUM! cm
### Eddy Current Loss
For Bottom Coil Side
dL 0.18
n3 4
a2 0.696774193548387
Tc 1
d5 0.000356756730406
Extra Loss Factor ks 0.000634234187388
For Top Coil Side
dL 0.18
n3 4
a2 0.696774193548387
Tc 1
d5 0.000356756730406
Extra Loss Factor ks 0.004439639311717

With roebel transposition kt=0

Hence average Loss factor 1.00253693674955

### Temperature Rise of Stator Coil

ws 3.1 cm
wd 2.16 cm
t 0.47 cm
ta max 0.0343 cm
timin 0.45475 cm
ta min 0.0254 cm
ti max 0.46365 cm
t=ti+ta 0.48905 cm
Ctmax 0.001876812103418 W/cm3/DegC
Ctmin 0.001704188034509 W/cm3/DegC
i.Bottom Coil
θ2 Max 6.84729284963126 Deg C
θ2 Min 6.21749749048759 Deg C

ii. Top Coil

θ2 Max 6.87333305733905 Deg C
θ2 Min 6.24114259076743 Deg C
Average θ2 Max 6.86031295348516 Deg C
Taking 15Deg C as allowance 21.8603129534852 Deg C
### Resistance of Armature Winding

D.C Resistance of Top Bar

Rd(top) #NUM! ohms
D.C Resistance of Bottom Bar
Rd(bottom) #NUM! ohms
Total D.C Resistance per phase #NUM! ohms
Total A.C Resistance per phase #NUM! ohms
### Magnetic Circuit Design
Armature Reaction(ATa)
Air Gap(ge) 26845.2082945225
28.74 AT/Poles
cm
Let Short Circuit Ratio(SCR) 1.0448199180379
No Load field mmf per pole(Atfo) 28048.4083299934
M.M.F for airgap(Atg) 22438.7266639947
Maximum Flux Density in Airgap(Bg) 0.848571428571429
Air Gap(ge) 29 mm
Min Air Gap(g-min) 24.57 mm
Max Air Gap(g-max) 36.85 mm
Slot Permeance (Ps) 74.9841259098319
End Winding Permeance(Pl) #NUM!
Leakage Reactance(Xl) #NUM! P.U
Then Xad 0.957102733912203 P.U
Synchronous Reactance(Xd) #NUM! P.U

### The Slot Width(ws,with Clearance) 3.138 cm

Slot Pitch(λs) 0.761852327423421 cm
Tooth Width(wt) -2.37614767257658
ws/wt -1.32062499154243
ws/ge 1.09176951442593
Carter's Coefficient( C ) 1.07
Arrange 2(two) 9.5 mm square steps at each end of core.
ThenRotor Pole Face Length 137.61 cm
ne*wa/ge 0.661045913769685
as/ge 2.27272727272727
Then Ke 3.8
Then Ke*ge 10.9220855157052 cm
The spacer beams and thus the radial ventilating ducts are 6.5 mm
The number of ventilating ducts(nd) 31
Then wr/ge 0.226147286289629
Kd 0.04
Kd*wr*nd 0.806 cm
Effective Axial Length of Air Gap 1.39 m
Pole Arc 47.46
ns1 10.17
ns1/ge 3.5385887168358
Hence Ki 2.5
Effective Pole Arc 54.65 cm
Percentage Effective Pole Arc 80.6
Effective area of Air Gap 0.71 sq.m
Effective Length of Core(Le) 1.05 m
Width of Tooth at1/3rd Height(Wt3) -2.37 cm
 Area of Tooth -17750.62 sq.cm
-1.78 m2
Let Flux Density at the back of th slot 1.15 Wb/m2
The outside Core Diameter(Do) 3.09 m
The Area (2Ad) 0.42 sq.m
The Length of core flux(lc) 35.61 cm
The maximum width of field coil conductor 7.83810714258556 cm
Let us consider the width as 8.50 cm
The over all length of pole body(lp) 1.27 m
Length of Laminated Pole(Lre) 0.95 m
The width of the pole(wp) 33.90 cm(approx)
The height of pole(Hp) 16.95 cm(approx)
TheOuter Diameter of the Laminated Rotor (Dr2) 2.02 m
264 2 44 1.072779

276 2 46 1.026137
ominator does not contain 3 as a factor.
ced 3-Ph winding is possible.
een 5cm and 9cm & acceptable.

Amp/sq.mm
Amp/sq.mm
mm for 11 kV
adial thickness of insulation+allowance
mm &is allowable maximum width

say,(This must be an even figure)

say,(This must be an even figure)

 0.35396

0.338571
 1 Generator Dimension
Maximum Peripheral Velocity (m/sec) Vr from fig 15 of IS 12800
Output Coefficient Ko from fig 16 of IS 12800
No. of Poles in Generator P 120x50/N
No. of Poles per Pair in Generator Pp P/2

Air gap diameter Di 60 x Vr / 3.14 x N

Outer core diameter Da Di x (1+3.14/P)
Stator Frame Diameter Df Da+1.2
Inner Dia of Generator Barrel Db Df+2.0
Outer Dia of Generator Barrel Db' Db+1.5
Rated KVA of Machine W Rated output in KW / p.f
Core Length Lt W / (Ko x Di^2 x N)
Length of Stator Frame Lf Lt+1.6
2 Weight of Generator , Rotor , Runner & EOT Crane
Total Generator Weight (tonnes) Wt k x (W/N)^0.5-85 (k=25-32, here 32)
Rotor Weight (tonnes) Wt / 2
=607* (Max Runner
Runner Weight (tonnes)
Diameter)^2.75/1000=
wt of Heaviest part + wt of lifting
Capacity of EOT Crane (tonnes)
arrangement
3 Unit Spacing and length of Power House

Clearance for MIV & runner removal

Unit Spacing
Length of Service Bay
Width of dewatering / drainage sump
Length required for EOT crane to
handle the last unit
Length of control block
Length of Power House
10 Width of the Machine Hall
Downstream side clearance
Upstream side clearance
Column Width
Space for MIV
Downside side Width of M/C hall
Upsream side Width of M/C hall
Greater of (Db'+2 X 1.5 & (A/2+B+C+2
Us X1.0))+Space for Runner Removal (If
Any)
Ls 1.5x Us
Wd
K around 3.0 m to 5.0 m
Lcb Not in line with power house
L No. of units x Us+Ls+k + Lcb
= Min 2- 2.5 * A
greater of (D & Db'/2)+downsteam side
clearance+coloum Width
greater of (E & Db'/2)+upsteam side
clearance+coloum Width

Width of the Machine Hall
11 Height of Machine Hall
Height coefficient
Height of the Load Bearing Bracket
Distance between centre line of turbine
and top of the generator
Distance between centre line of turbine
and datum line of draft tube
Total Height from datum line to top of
generator
Height of largest package to be lifted
Height of slipring housing above
machine hall floor
Hook allowance
Crane Height above crane rail top
Allowance below roof over EOT
Total Height of the Power House
12 Dimension of Power House
Elevation of Centre Line Of Spiral
Casing
Elevation of Bottom of Draft Tube
Elevation of Runner removal Gallery top
Elevation of Runner removal Gallery
floor
Elevation of Runner removal Gallery
floor
Selected Elevation of Runner removal
Gallery floor
Elevation of Turbine Floor
Elevation of Intermediate Floor
Elevation of Machine Hall
Elevation of Service Bay
Elevation EOT Crane rail top
Upstream side width + Downstream
side width+Space for Runner Removal
(If Any)+1m
K3 K3 = 0.65 or 0.75 or 0.85
K3 x sqrt of Df (for Suspension) and K3
Hj
X sqrt of (Di for umbrella)
H2 Hj+Lf+k ( k = 5.5 to 7 here 5.5)
H1 N+ avg of L/2 & M/2 +1.5 m conc
H H1 + H2
around 7 to 8.5
around 1 to 1.5m
around 2.5 to 6.5 m
around 4 to 6.5 m
H + ht of service bay+ ht Of unloading
largest package + crane ht & hook
Ht
allowance + allowance below roof over
EOT + margin
Min TWL + Hs
Centre Line - H1
Turbine CL-( avg of L/2 & M/2 +1.5 m
conc)
1/2 of max spiral dia+cone height+1.3
for trolley and clearence
.
Centre Line + A/2+2 m concreting etc
Turbine Floor + 4.5 m
Max(Centre Line + H2,Floor
Gen+5.0m)
1m Above Max flood level.Taken for
calculation purpose only.
Elevation of service bay+Height of
largest package+height of slipring
housing+hook allowance
 Elevation EOT Crane rail top + height
Elevation EOT Crane top
of crane
Elevation EOT Crane top + margin and
Elevation of roof
allowance below roof
75.20 C B

5.85

G
H
I

D
CL OF DISTRIBUTION

EAXIS
12

HIN
D3 L

C
PLAN

MA
SECTION
SPIRAL CASING

h1
TURBINE CENTRE

6
LINE LEVEL

IGHT
d

E
H

ERH
N

N
Rb
RUN

h2
O

Q
RUNNER EXIT
LEVEL

2.87 SECTION
D1

3.63
D2

D3
V

4.83 RUNNER
U
Z

6.83 T
S

8.33 PLAN

34444 DRAFT TUBE

1.43
3.03

180.60
90.30
153.61

71

5.5

32.50

52
5
5
0
94.5

3.00
MACHINE AXIS

3.00
1.5
15
2
H

16.91
CL OF TURBINE

14.04
1
H

CROSS-SECTION
THROUGH GENERATING UNIT
 2
H
CL OF TURBINE

1
31.00

H
0.75
CROSS-SECTION
1.27 THROUGH GENERATING UNIT

9.80

24.00

33.80
8.5 5.89
1.5
3.5
5.5
0.5

53.50

278.11 15.39
254.50
274.00

266.00

267.00

267.00 -23.61

284.00
288.50 9.50
293.50

293.50

307.00
312.50

313.00
 C B

H
I

L
PLAN
SECTION
SPIRAL CASING

7.27517430144
9.95895952357
11.2038970171
12.4075405976

9.54104061495
19.6776252381

6.48487000945

4.09533275539

12.0087738133
DEMWE LOWER H E PROJECT
HEAD LOSS & NET HEAD CALCULATIONS

Design Discharge For Power generation 103.95 20.79

Flushing Discharge 0%
From Intake 104.00
Intake Velocity in Intake 1.5 m/s
Trash Rack Losses

Kt = 1.45 - 0.45 (an/at) - (an/at)^2

an= Net Area through trash rack bars
at = gross area of the vent
an/at = 0.6
Kt = 0.82 0.094
Total Losses in Intake 0.094
Main Penstock
Penstock Type Steel
Roughness 1 mm
Number of Units 5 nos
Diameter 10.00 m
Flow in one penstock 20.79 cumec
Velocity 0.26 m/s
Length 816.00 m
Friction Coefficient 0.0128
Friction Losses 0.004
Entrance Loss Ke = 0.20 0.001
Stoplog Groove Loss Kg= 0.10 0.000
Gate Groove Loss Ks= 0.10 0.000
Bend Loss Kb = 0.4 0.001
Transition losses 0.100
Valve Losses Kv= 0.4 0.001
Reducer Losses
Dia Velocity
10.00 0.26
7.00 0.56
Length of reducer 8.00
Tan a/2 0.19
K 0.45
Losses 0.002
Total - 0.110
Total Losses in the penstock 0.110

TOTAL LOSSES FROM INTAKE TO TAILRACE 0.204 m

Say 0.210 m
FRL at intake = 410.00 MSL
MDDL 410.00 MSL
Weighted FRL 410.00 MSL
Tail water level at Power House = 302.00 MSL
Gross Head = 108.00 m
Losses in water conductor = 0.210 m
 % Head Loss 0.19%
Net Head avaliable = 107.79 m
112.00
Design Discharge = 104.0 cumec
Combined Efficiency = 92.10%
Plant Installed Capacity 105.19 MW
Say 105.00 MW

Bifurcation Penstock Bifurcation Q 20.79

D 10000
V 0.265
nu 1.31E-06
Nr 2.02E+06
e 1
e/D 0.0001
f 0.025
alpha-1 6.32455532034
alpha-1 8.91E+00
alpha-2 8.91476779456
alpha-2 8.83814
alpha-3 8.83814
alpha-3 8.84031
alpha-4 8.84031
alpha-4 8.84025
alpha-5 8.84025
alpha-5 8.84025
alpha-6 8.84025
alpha-6 8.84025
f 0.0128
 The maximum Net Head (in ft)=
The Minimum Net Head (in ft)=
The Design Head (in ft)=

As per the preliminary study the estimated Specific Speed =

As per the preliminary study the estimated Speed (N)=

As per preliminary study Dth = 6.69 m

263.22 inch
The minimum output required under normal operating head of at Generator Terminal =
or HP2=
The peripheral co-efficient= Фth=N*Dth/(1838*H^0.5)
Thus Фth w.r.t Max. Net Head=
Thus Фth w.r.t Min. Net Head=
Thus Фth w.r.t Design Head=
HP1=(H1/H2)^1.5*(D1/D2)^2*HP
With the above values of Фth & HP1 it is appropriate to follow the Model Data as per Fig F5(Ns=50.6) of US
But it is observed that the operation zone is on the left side of Best Efficiency Zone.
To improve upon the efficiency i.e. to shift the zone of operation to right Фth to be increased by enhancing N

Let us assume the revised Speed (N)= 125.00

The revised Specific Speed= 9.83
Let Dth = 6.09 m
239.59 inch
The peripheral co-efficient= Фth=N*Dth/(1838*H^0.5)
Thus Фth w.r.t Max. Net Head=
Thus Фth w.r.t Min. Net Head=
Thus Фth w.r.t Design Head=
As per the above the Model Curve , the best efficiency at Фth= ή m=
Hence prototype best efficiency =ήp=
Thus Step Up Efficiency=

Thus as per the Model Curves the Performance is estimated as follows:

100% Gate=
A. Min Net Head 95.70 m

Gate Opening (mm) Фth HP1 Prototype Out put (in k W)

243 0.92 0.102 168766.74
291 0.125 206821.98
340 0.168 277968.74
389 0.176 291205.35

B. Design Head 113.00 m

Gate Opening (mm) Фth HP1 Prototype Out put (in k W)

243 0.70 0.105 393309.09
291 0.130 486954.12
 340 0.154 576853.34
389 0.170 636786.15

C. Maximum Net Head 122.00 m

Gate Opening (mm) Фth HP1 Prototype Out put (in k W)

243 0.82 0.106 397054.90
291 0.130 486954.12
340 0.154 576853.34
389 0.170 636786.15

It is proposed that the for Design ,the Gate opening of 389mm is kept as maximum.

Now from Fig 4 of ETL1110-2-317 publication of US Army ,the Prototype Dimensions for model F-5 are calc

Dth(model)= 12.00 inch

Dth(proto)= 239.59 inch
Thus the ratio= 19.97

Part Model Dimensions Proto Dimensions (in m)

D1 0.92 5.60
D3 1.02 6.19
a 1.52 9.24
b 1.15 7.00
c 0.29 1.76
d 0.38 2.29
m 2.72 16.53
n 4.33 26.34
o 2.35 14.32
p 0.38 2.34
q 1.02 6.23
r 1.23 7.47
s 0.75 4.55
u 1.43 8.68
v 0.59 3.61
w 3.04 18.49
x 0.27 1.62

Now as per the Chart S5

Corresponding to Фth = 0.85 at HP1 =0.18 , Critical Sigma= 0.09
Corresponding to Фth = 0.83 at HP1 =0.17 , Critical Sigma= 0.06
Corresponding to Фth = 0.88 at HP1 =0.18 , Critical Sigma= 0.13
Let us consider water temperature 25.0
Corresponding Vapour Pressure(Hv) 0.3
Barometric Pressure at sea level 10.3
Barometric Pressure(Ha) at TWL 9.9
Corresponding to Design Head(Hd), Suction Head(hs)=Ha-Hv-σ*hd=
 Again as per Max Head(Hmax), Suction Head(hs)=Ha-Hv-σ*Hmax=
Again as per Min Head(Hmin), Suction Head(hs)=Ha-Hv-σ*Hmax=

The Фmax= 1.45

Hence Run away Speed =1838*Фmax*Hmax ^0.5/ Dth= 222.09
 398.64
313.99
541.37

175.40 (in Metric HP)

39.33 (in Britsh HP)
500.00 rpm

328000.00 kW
439678.28 HP
ficient= Фth=N*Dth/(1838*H^0.5)
3.59
4.04
3.08
0.164
ata as per Fig F5(Ns=50.6) of US Army Publication.

h to be increased by enhancing N or Dth.

rpm

0.82
0.92
0.70
92.00 %
95.60 %
3.60 %

0.96 inch

ήmodel ήprototype Discharge (Cumec)

86.2 89.80 200.58
89.0 92.60 238.38
90.0 93.60 316.96
88.0 91.60 339.30

ήmodel ήprototype Discharge (Cumec)

87.0 90.60 463.33
90.4 94.00 552.90
 92.0 95.60 644.01
91.0 94.60 718.44

ήmodel ήprototype Discharge (Cumec)

87.5 91.10 465.18
90.6 94.20 551.73
91.8 95.35 645.70
90.8 94.40 719.96

Dimensions for model F-5 are calculated as follows:

n Head(hs)=Ha-Hv-σ*hd= -1.0 m
Head(hs)=Ha-Hv-σ*Hmax= 2.5 m
Head(hs)=Ha-Hv-σ*Hmax= -2.8 m

rpm