management has to recognize the important role of Human Resource Department in o

rder to successfully steer organizations towards profitability. It is necessary

for the management to invest considerable time and amount, to learn the changing
scenario of the HR department in the 21st century. In order to survive the comp
etition and be in the race, HR department should consciously update itself with
the transformation in HR and be aware of the HR issues cropping up. With high at
trition rates, poaching strategies of competitors, there is a huge shortage of s
killed employees and hence, a company s HR activities play a vital role in combati
ng this crisis. Suitable HR policies that would lead to the achievement of the O
rganization as well as the individual s goals should be formulated. HR managers ha
ve to manage all the challenges that they would face from recruiting employees,
to training them, and then developing strategies for retaining them and building
up an effective career management system for them. Just taking care of employee
s would not be enough; new HR initiatives should also focus on the quality needs
, customer-orientation, productivity and stress, team work and leadership buildi
ng. This book is divided into two sections that throw light on the emerging HR t
rends and discusses HR issues in various industries like financial services, IT,
Power, Healthcare, to name a few. This book should be valuable for practicing H
R managers of every organization and also for those who have a significant inter
est in the area of Human Resource Management, to realize the growing importance
of human resources and understand the need to build up effective HR strategies t
o combat HR issues arising in the 21st century.
Introduction
Human Resource Management has evolved considerably over the past century, and ex
perienced a major transformation in form and function primarily within the past
two decades. Driven by a number of significant internal and external environment
al forces, HRM has progressed from a largely maintenance function, with little i
f any bottom line impact, to what many scholars and practitioners today regard a
s the source of sustained competitive advantage for organizations operating in a
global economy.
CHANGES IN HRM : Some of the significant changes that are likely to take place
in the human resource management are as follows:
1. Increase in education levels: Due to technological progress and the spread
of educational institutions workers will increasingly become aware of their hig
her level needs, managers will have to evolve appropriate policies and technique
s to motivate the knowledge of workers. Better educated and organized workforce
will demand greater discretion and autonomy at the work place.
2. Technological developments: This will require retraining and mid-career tr
aining of both workers and managers. Rise of the international corporation is pr
oving new challenges for personnel function.
3. Changing composition of work force: In future, women and minority groups,
SCs and STs would become an important source of man power in future on account o
f easy access to better educational and employment opportunities. Therefore manp
ower planning of every organization will have to take into consideration the pot
ential availability of talent in these groups. Changing mix of the workforce wil
l lead to new values in organizations.
4. Increasing government role: In India, personnel management has become very
legalized. In future private organizations will have to co-ordinate their labou
r welfare programmes with those of the government private sector will be require
d

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