c





Anion Symbol Test Results
Add silver nitrate solution to a Pale yellow precipitate,
Bromide Br- solution of substance in dilute nitric dissolves slightly in ammonia
acid solution.
Carbon dioxide gas is given
a)Add dilute hydrochloric acid to the
off.
substance.
Carbonate CO32-
b)Add drop of phenolphthalein to a
Turns bright pink
solution of substance.
(HCO3 turns light pink).
Thick white precipitate
- Add silver nitrate to a solution of
Chloride Cl dissolves in ammonia
substance in dilute nitric acid.
solution.
Carbon dioxide gas is given
a)Add dilute hydrochloric acid to the
off.
substance.
Hydrogen-
HCO32-
carbonate
b)Add drop of phenolphthalein to a
Turns light pink (CO32- turns
solution of substance.
bright pink).
Pale yellow precipitate, does
Add silver nitrate to a solution of
Iodide I- not dissolve in ammonia
substance in dilute nitric acid.
solution.
Add iron(II) sulfate solution followed
Brown ring forms at the
Nitrate NO3- by concentrated sulfuric acid to the
junction of the two liquids.
solution
White precipitate,


2- Add solution of barium chloride to
Sulfate SO4  dissolve in dilute
the solution.
hydrochloric acid.
White
Add solution of barium chloride to
Sulfite SO32- precipitate,

dissolve in
the solution.
dilute hydrochloric acid.
Add lead(II) ethanoate solution to the Black precipitate
Sulfide S2-
solution.
 c

 

Cation Symbol Test Results
a)Add dilute sodium hydroxide White precipitate that dissolves
solution to a solution of the as more sodium hydroxide
substance. solution is added.
Aluminum Al3+
White precipitate that does not
b)Add dilute ammonia solution dissolve as more ammonia
to a solution of the substance. solution is added.
Add sodium hydroxide solution Ammonia gas is given off.
Ammonium NH4 + to a solution of the substance and
gently heat.
Add dilute sulfric acid to a White precipitate formed.
2+ solution of the substance
Calcium Ca
Also try flame test
a)Add dilute sodium hydroxide Pale blue precipitate that
solution to a solution of the dissolves as more sodium
substance. hydorxide is added.\.
Copper (II) Cu2+
b)Add dilute ammonia solution Pale blue precipitate, changing to
to a solution of the substance. deep blue solution as more
ammonia is added.
Also try flame test
a)Add dilute sodium hydroxide Pale green precipitate formed.
solution to a solution of the
substance.
Iron(II) Fe2+
Pale green precipitate formed.
b)Add dilute ammonia solution
to a solution of the substance.
a)Add dilute sodium hydroxide Red-brown precipitate formed.
solution to a solution of the
substance.
Iron(III) Fe3+
Red-brown precipitate formed.
b)Add dilute ammonia solution
to a solution of the substance.
a)Add dilute sodium hydroxide White precipitate,
solution to a solution of the that

dissolve as more
substance. sodium hydroxide is added.

Lead(II) Pb2+ b)Add dilute ammonia solution White precipitate that



to a solution of the substance.  dissolve as more ammonia is
added.
Use flame test to distinguish
between lead and alumminum.
 a)Add dilute sodium hydroxide


solution to a solution of the
substance.
Vagnesium Vg2+


b)Add dilute ammonia solution
to a solution of the substance.
a)Add dilute sodium hydroxide
solution to a solution of the
substance.
Zinc Zn2+
b)Add dilute ammonia solution
to a solution of the substance.
White precipitate, that
 dissolve as more sodium
hydroxide is added.
White precipitate that
 dissolve as more ammonia is
added.
White precipitate, that dissolve as
more sodium hydroxide is added.
White precipitate that dissolve as
more ammonia is added.
 c


Flame
Vetal Symbol
Color
Yellow-
Barium Ba
green
Calcium Ca Red
Copper Cu Green
Lead Pb Blue
Lithium Li Pink
Potassium K Lilac
Sodium Na Orange

c


 


Gas Symbol Test Results
Carbon bubble gas through limewater Turns limewater cloudy.
CO2
dioxide (calcium hydroxide solution)
Put a lighted splint into a sample of Burns with a "popping" sound
Hydrogen H2
the gas.
Put a glowing splint into a sample Splint relights.
Oxygen O2
of the gas.