FACULTY OF CIVIL ENGINEERING & EARTH RESOURCES

WORK BASED PROJECT

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

1. This is a Work-Based Project; thus students are required to work in group of

FIVE (5) only.
2. Late submission will not be accepted. Please refer the submission date.

COURSE : FLUID MECHANICS

COURSE CODE : BAA 2713

LECTURER : DR. NURUL NADRAH AQILAH TUKIMAT

DR. JACQUELINE ISABEL ANAK GISEN

SUBMISSION DATE : 10 MAY 2019

We declare that this material, which we now submit for assessment, is entirely our own
work and has not been taken from the work of others, save and to the extent that such
work has been cited and acknowledged within the text of our work. All authors listed
on the title page have contributed significantly to the work, have read the manuscript,
attest to the validity of the data and its interpretation, and agree to its submission.

We understand that plagiarism, collusion, and copying are grave and serious offences
in the university and accept the penalties that would be imposed should we engage in
plagiarism, collusion or copying. We confirm that the material now submitted is not
copied or plagiarized version of some other published work.

GROUP No : SECTION :
Name ID SIGNATURE
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
 WORK BASED PROJECT : DETAIL INSTRUCTION

Water distribution system is important to ensure sufficient water for domestic and
agriculture consumption. In large development areas the distribution network can be
very complicated, which consequently making traditional method becomes ineffective
to design the water network. Hence, computerized tool is an advantage.

In this project students are required to design the water distribution network as
addressed in Q1 and Q2 using Epanet. Then, write a report presenting and justifying the
results obtained. EPANET installer and user manual can be downloaded from KALAM.

The report (30 Marks) shall include:

1. Introduction to water distribution system.
2. Introduction to EPANET.
3. Procedure of applying EPANET showing step by step instruction with snapshot
figure in each step.
4. Selected student ID must be stated clearly.
5. Result presented in tables and figures for every 12 hours (1 day period) for each
simulation as followings:
a) Tables for network nodes showing elevation, base demand, demand, head and
pressure; and network links showing length, diameter, roughness, flow,
velocity, unit headloss, friction factor and status.
b) Figures showing pressure for nodes and flow for links; and demand for nodes
and velocity for links. The colour and value range of the legends must be
adjusted accordingly.
6. Compare the results obtained using the different major loss equations and provide
a justification on the findings.
7. Conclusion.
QUESTION 1 - (35 Marks)

A 60 ft diameter and 25 ft high tank is in a city supplying drinking water for a small
community. The tank has initial water level of 13 ft and is located 200 ft above the city.
It supplies water with a constant daily flow of 4 cfs. A lake with an elevation of 30 ft is
situated at the other end of the city and a pump is installed to the system to allow
sufficient pressure. The pump operated with the power of 0.5 horsepower and speed of
2 rpm can deliver 35 ft of head at a flow of 2 cfs. Table 1 shows the length and diameter
of each pipe and Table 2 shows the elevation and water demand in the network.

By using EPANET, calculate the flow and velocity in each pipe and pressure in each
node, in the network shown in Figure 1. Run the simulation for 3 consecutive days
with 6 hours pattern time step. Take the multiplier as 0.5, 1.0, 0.6 and 1.2. The map
dimension has the coordinate of 103.2824° E , 3.8393° N for the lower left boundary,
and 103.2880 ° E , 3.8422° N for the upper right boundary. Minor losses are neglected.

Note:
i. Run two simulations using two different major losses formulas: “Hazen-
William” and “Darcy-Weisbach”.
a. For Hazen-William, C value (1yz) and Length of pipe (6x.yz) are
based on student ID.
b. For Darcy-Weisbach, ɛ value (0.yz) and Length of pipe (6x.zy) are
based on student ID.
ii. Example: ID Student: AA14162 = AA14xyz; C = 162; Length of pipe = 51.62
ft.
Figure 1: Schematic diagram of a pump driven water distribution network
 Table 1: Pipe length and diameter
Pipe 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
Length 6x. 6x. 6x. 6x. 6x. 6x. 6x. 6x. 6x. 6x. 6x. 6x. 6x. 6x. 6x. 6x. 6x. 6x. 6x. 6x. 6x.
(ft) yz yz yz yz yz yz yz yz yz yz yz yz yz yz yz yz yz yz yz yz yz
Diameter 12 8 8 12 8 8 8 8 12 8 8 8 12 10 12 12 12 10 8 10 10
(Inches)

Table 2: Node elevation and demand

Node Tank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Lake
Elevation 200 70 65 60 68 65 60 68 65 60 65 60 65 60 55 63 60 55 30
(ft)
Demand -4 0.20 0.23 0.15 0.25 0.10 0.55 0.07 0.10 0.55 0.23 0.65 0.05 0.20 0.75 0.14 0.07 0.55 0
(cfs)
QUESTION 2 - (35 Marks)

A 30 m diameter and 20 m high tank is in a city supplying drinking water for a large
community. The tank has initial water level of 5 m and is located 50 m above the city.
It supplies water with a constant daily flow of 2 m 3/s. A reservoir with an elevation of

150 m is situated at the other end of the city providing daily water of 12 m3/s through
gravitational force. Table 3 shows the length and diameter of each pipe and Table 4
shows the elevation and water demand in the network.

By using EPANET, calculate the flow and velocity in each pipe and pressure in each
node, in the network shown in Figure 2. Run the simulation for 3 consecutive days
with 6 hours pattern time step. Take the multiplier as 0.5, 1.0, 0.6 and 1.2. The map
dimension has the coordinate of 103.2824° E , 3.8393° N for the lower left boundary,
and 103.2880 ° E , 3.8422° N for the upper right boundary. Minor losses are neglected.

Note:
i. Run two simulations using two different major losses formulas: “Hazen-
William” and “Darcy-Weisbach”.
a) For Hazen-William, the odd number of nodes shall take C value “1yz”;
while the even number take ɛ value “1zy”; and the pipe length the values
should be “#xy” based on student ID.
b) For Darcy-Weisbach, the odd number of nodes shall take C value “0.yz”;
while the even number take ɛ value “0.zy”; and the pipe length the values
should be “#yx” based on student ID.

ii. Example: ID Student: AA14162 = AA14xyz; C = 162; Length of pipe = 816 m.

Figure 2: Schematic diagram of a gravitational water distribution network
 Table 3: Pipe length and diameter
Pipe 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Length 10xy 9xy 10xy 9xy 3xy 6xy 4xy 6xy 10xy 10xy 9xy 8xy 7xy 6xy 4xy 1xy 4xy 1xy 8xy 1xy 8xy 1016 1016 1016
(m)
Diameter 1000 750 750 750 500 500 500 500 750 1000 1000 1000 750 1000 750 750 750 500 500 500 500 500 1000 1000
(mm)

Table 4: Node elevation and demand

Node Tank 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Lake
Elevation 50 10 6 3 3 8 5 2 10 6 5 3 5 3 3 3 2 150
(m)
Demand -2 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 -12
3
(m /s)