Intermediate

Workbook

Lindsay White
Rod Fricker
Peter Moran

AUDIO CD

LEARNING
CONTENTS

Exam strategies 3
Functions bank 6
Unit 1 One ofthe gang 8
Unit 2 Keep in touch 16
Self-Assessment Test 1 Units 1-2 22
Unit 3 Outside the law? 24
Unit 4 His and hers 32
Self-Assessment Test 2 Units 3-4 38
Unit 5 What a disaster! 40
Unit 6 Animal magic 48
Self-Assessment Test 3 Units 5-6 54
Unit 7 Nobody's perfect 56
Unit 8 Getting away 64
Self-Assessment Test 4 Units 7-8 70
Unit 9 Feelings 72
Unit 10 True art 80
Self-Assessment Test 5 Units 9-lO 86
Unit 11 Looking good 88
Unit 12 The hard sell 96
Self-Assessment Test 6 Units 11-12 102
Exam Vocabulary lO4

Exam Vocabulary Practice 114

Exam Vocabulary Practice: Answer Key 128
Self-Assessment Tests: Answer Key 129
Self-Assessment Tests: Tapescripts 130

•
Exam strategies
The New Success Workbook provides practice
with the most typical exam tasks found in upper
secondary school-leaving exams as well as exams
like PET, KET, FeE, Trinity and PTE (Pearson
Test of English). The exercises are graded to
intermediate level to help students familiarise
themselves with exam task types. The New
Success Workbook includes exercises that will
help you prepare for all parts of a typical exam:
Listening comprehension, Reading comprehension,
Grarnrnar/Use of English, Speaking and Writing.
Listening comprehension
General guidelines
Always
• read the instructions carefully before
listening to a recording for the first time.
Try to predict what kind of information you
might hear.
• look at the questions and mark your answers
when listening for the first time.
• read through all the questions again before
the second listening, paying special attention
to the questions you didn't answer during
the first listening.
Don't
• panic if you don't understand everything.
You don't have to understand the whole text
to be able to find the correct answer to a
question. Try to get the main idea of a text
and work out the meaning of words you don't
know from the context.
• spend too much time thinking about
questions you are not able to answer - you
can come back to those during your second
listening.
• leave any questions unanswered. If you are
not sure - make a guess.
TruelFalse (e.g. page 18, exercise 2; page 50,
exercise 2; page 66, exercise 2; page 82,
exercise 2)
• The questions are usually given in the same
order as the information in the text.
• When deciding whether a sentence is true or
false, take into account what you actually hear
and not what you know or think.
• Sometimes you need to refer to the whole
recording to answer a question, particularly
when answering a question about the speaker's
intentions.
TruelFalselNo Information
• Follow the guidelines for a True/False task, but
remember that this time you have three options
to choose from: a statement could be true
(include the same information as the text), false
(include information different from the text)
or there might be no information regarding the
statement in the listening task.
Multiple choice (e.g. page 34, exercise 2;
page 50, exercise 1; page 87, exercise 6; page 98,
exercise 2)
• The questions are usually given in the same
order as the information in the text.
• While listening for the first time, make notes of
possible answers. Then compare them to the
options you have been given and choose the
most similar.
• Some incorrect options sound very similar to the
information in the recording - be careful and pay
special attention to synonyms and antonyms.
• Sometimes the information needed to answer
a question is not directly given, you may have to
work it out on the basis of what you have heard.
If you are not sure which answer is correct, try to
choose it by eliminating the incorrect answers.
Matching (e.g. page 18, exercise 2; page 98,
exercise 1)
• If you have to find out who a person is or where
the recording takes place, concentrate on typical
phrases which relate to the person or place.
Sometimes one characteristic phrase will help
you choose the right answer.
• If you need to match a textJpassage to a
summarising sentenceititleiheadline, try to
summarise the main idea yourself and then
choose the answer that is the most similar.
Answering questions
• Read the questions carefully before you start
listening, and try to predict possible answers.
• You are usually required to answer each question
with no more than three words.
• The questions are usually given in the same
order as the information in the text.
Completing sentences (e.g. page 66, exercise 1)
• The gapped sentences are given in the same
order as the information in the text.
• Read the sentences carefully before you
start listening and try to predict what kind of
information you should be looking for. Usually,
the words that you need to complete the gaps are
exactly the same as the words used in the text.
• If the rubrics specify the number of words you
should write, make sure your answers are the
right length.
• Remember that your answer must be meaningful
and granunatically correct.
3
 Reading
General guidelines
Always
• read the instructions before doing the task.
The task will affect the way you read the
text.
• try to work out what kind of text it is - it
may give you some ideas of what to expect.
• read key information first. A title helps to
decide on a general idea of the text and
the frrst sentence of each paragraph often
sununarises the whole paragraph.
• underline parts of the text relevant to the
questions (single words, phrases, sentences,
paragraphs) .
Don't
• try to understand every single word of a
text. You don't have to know all the words
to answer the questions. You may be able to
guess the meaning of new words from the
context.
• leave any questions unanswered - if you are
not sure, make a guess.
• spend too much time on one specific
exercise - your time in the exam is limited.
TruelFalse (page 59, exercise 3; page 74,
exercise 3)
• Read the questions carefully before you read the
text. Then skim the text to get a general idea of
where the information is.
• Different questions will require different reading
strategies. For example, you may need to focus
on just one phrase or you may need to interpret
the meaning of a whole paragraph.
• If you don't find information confrrming that a
particular sentence is true, mark it as false.
TrueIFalselNo Information
• Follow the guidelines for a True/False task, but
remember that this time you have three options
to choose from: a statement could be true
(include the same information as the text), false
(include information different from the text) or
there might be no information at all regarding
the statement in the text.
4
Multiple choice (page 12, exercise 2; page 27,
exercise 3; page 44, exercise 1)
• Identify the parts of the text that your questions
refer to.
• Focus on the detail of a paragraph or sentence.
An incorrect answer may only differ from the
correct one in the tense that is used, slightly
different information or information that only
partly corresponds with the text.
• Eliminate incorrect answers and then mark your
fmal answer.
Matching (page 12, exercise 1; page 27,
exercise 2; page 44, exercise 2; page 45, exercise 3;
page 59, exercise 2)
• While matching headlines to a text, always read
all the headlines first and then match them to
the relevant parts of the text.
• While matching questions to a text, try to find
the place in the text where there is the answer
to a particular question.
• Remember that this kind of exercise may include
(an) extra sentence(s),.so you will have to
eliminate unnecessary items.
• When you match missing sentences to gaps in
the text, skim the text first, ignoring the gaps to
get its general meaning. Then try to complete
the gaps with the missing sentences or words,
paying special attention to what comes before
and after the gaps.
Answering questions
• Read the questions carefully before you start
reading the text, and try to predict possible
answers.
• You are usually required to answer each question
with no more than three words.
• The questions are usually given in the same
order as the information in the text.
Completing sentences
• The gapped sentences are given in the same
order as the information in the text.
• Read the sentences carefully before you start
reading the text, and try to predict what kind of
information you should be looking for.
• If the rubrics specify the number of words you
should write, make sure your answers are the
right length.
• Remember that your answer must be meaningful
and grammatically correct.
Writing
You may be required to write a short, practical
piece of writing such as a note, an email.an
invitation, an advertisement ancIJor a longer,
practical piece of writing, for example a formal
or an informal letter, a story or a discursive text.
The New Success Workbook will help you prepare
for these types of writing tasks.
General guidelines
Always
o read the instructions carefully - what kind
of writing task is it?
o read the information you need to include in
your writing.
o write a plan detailing information you want
to include in each paragraph. If you have
time, write a draft copy or a few key
sentences.
o check that you have included all the
information that is required. Use linking
words so that your writing is coherent and
logical.
o check your writing style - have you used
formal or informal language as required?
o check (if it is a longer text) that you have
an introduction, a middle and an end. Also,
check that you have clearly defined
paragraphs and that you have the correct
number of words.
o check your grammar and spelling.
Speaking
The New Success Workbook will also prepare you
for oral exams. The techniques below will help you
to pass your exam successfully.
o Try to stick to the aim of the task. Always keep
the question in mind when answering.
o Do not panic if you cannot remember a word.
Use a word that has a similar meaning or give a
definition or description of the word.
o If you do not understand what an examiner has
said, ask himJher to repeat himJherself. You can
also repeat the information you have been given
and, in this way, you can make sure that you
have understood it correctly.
o If you are not ready with your answers and need
time to think, use conversational fillers or
hesitation devices (well, let me think, erm, .. .).
o Avoid using the same words and structures -
show that you have a varied vocabulary and can
use a range of grammar structures.
o If you are taking the exam with another person,
make sure you listen as well as speak - don't
dominate the conversation.

Don'!
o write more than the word limit. Think about
the number of words you need for each
paragraph when you write your plan.
o repeat yourself - try to use varied
vocabulary and grammar structures.
~
z Functions bank
cc
a:a Unwillingly giving permission
Agreeing and disagreeing (Unit 1) I suppose so.
Cl) Agreeing If you must.
z That's so true! As long as .. .

-t;
Q That's a good pOint!
Exactly!
I couldn't agree more.
Absolutely!
Refusing permission
I don't think that's a very good idea.
I'm afraid you can't.
z
::::::»
Partial agreement
I'm sorry, but ...

That may be true, but .. . Presentations (Unit 5)

u. You've got a point but .. .
Beginning presentations
I agree up to a pOint.
I'd like to begin by ... ing/l'm going to talk about ...
Disagreeing
I've chosen this topic because ...
I'm sorry but I can 't agree with you.
I'm afraid I have to disagree. Introducing new points
No way! Firstly/Secondly/Moving on to ... /Turning to ...
Come off it! Giving yourself time to think
Well/RightlSolWhere was 1?lWhat I mean is/The thing is/
Asking pOlitely (Unit 2) You see
Could you (possibly) tell me how much it is? Summarising your points
Do you think it will rain? Finally/To sum up/Last but not least
I wonder if you could lend me £20?
I was wondering .. . Advice (Unit 6)
I'd like to know .. . Asking for advice
Have you any idea ... ?
What can/should I do?
Do you (happen to) know ... ?
What do you think I should do?
Would you mind telling me ... ?
I'd really appreciate your advice.
I've no idea how/what to ...
Giving and justifying opinions (Unit 3) I'm at a loss as to what to do.
Giving opinions I'm at my wits' end.
Personally .. . Giving advice
In my opinion .. . You should(n't) ...
To be honest .. . You ought (not) to .. .
It seems to me that ... You'd better (not) + .. . *
As far as I am concerned ... It's a good idea to .. .
If you ask me ... It's worth + -ing
Well , frankly (speaking) ... If I were you, I'd ...
Justifying opinions You might find it useful to .. .
The thing is ... Why don't you ... ?
Everybody knows that .. . Remember to .. .
The reason why ... is .. . 'strong advice, similar to 'you have to'
It's only natural that .. .
I mean ... Comparing photos (Unit 7)
If you think about it ...
Saying what is similar and different about both photos
Look at .. .
Both these photos show ...
Another similarity is .. .
Permission (Unit 4) The first one shows ... , while the other one .. .
Asking for permission They have (don't have) a lot in common.
Please let me ... As in the first photo, .. .
Can I ... ? Unlike the first photo, .. .
It is OK/alright if I ...? The difference is that .. .
Could I (possibly) ... ? Describing each photo separately
Do you mind if I .. .? In the first photo/the photo at the top, .. .
May I ... ? * Turning to the second photo, .. .lAs for the picture on the
I was wondering if I could .. . * right, ...
'for formal situations when asking for a big favour
Identifying different parts of the photo
Giving permission In the centre/in the foreground/in the background
That's fine by me.lNo problem. /Sure. On the left/on the right
Yes, of course.lPlease, do. At the top/At the bottom
6 (Do you mind ... ?) No, I don't.
Saying what is happening in the photo Encouraging others to speak
She's pointing at the car. What do you think?
He looks shocked. Why don't you tell us what you think/your opinion?
There's been an accident. Asking for repetition
Speculating I'm sorry, I didn't get that. Could you say it again?
Perhaps/probably/maybe Sorry, I wasn't listening. Do you think you could repeat that?
It could be/might be/must be Asking for explanation
It looks as if she's fallen off her bike. Do you mean ... ?/Are you saying ... ?
It doesn't look like a serious accident. I'm not sure what you mean.
Giving yourself time to think
I'm not sure. It's hard to say. I can't make out ... Describing appearance (Unit 11)
Age
Evaluating options (Unit 8) He is in his teens/(early/mid/late) twenties.
Comparing options He looks middle-aged/elderly.
Let's compare/look at ...first. Height/build/figure
It's far too expensive. She's quite tall and slim.
It's (not) much cheaper than ...
It's not as expensive as ... Hair
It's the least expensive. She's got beautiful long dark hair.
It's twice/three times as cheap ... He's got short spiky hair.
It's half (oij/a third of the price. Striking features
Reaching a decision He's got dimples and a goatee beard.
But look atthe .. . She's got playful eyes and a cute nose.
Don't you think it's too ...? Clothes
I'm happy to go along with that. She usually wears casual/smart clothes.
I think we can rule out ... He's wearing a short-sleeved shirt and jeans.
I think that's a clear decision. General impression
... is our preferred option.
He looks well-dressed/scruffy.
Relating an experience (Unit 9) Complaints (Unit 12)
Saying when and where it took place
Making complaints
This happened/It was three months ago/during the holidays/
It's broken/faulty.
last Christmas It's not working.
I was at home/walking in the park.
There's a part missing.
Connecting the different parts of your story It's shrunk.!The dye has run.
At first, ... , but then ... My order hasn't arrived yet.
when/as soon as/just before/immediately after It's not what I ordered.
A few months earlier/later/the year before There's a mistake in the bill.
so/although/because It's too tight/tough/noisy.
Saying how you felt I'm not satisfied with the service.
I was so happy ... One of your employees was extremely rude to me.
I felt confused/like crying You've forgotten to ...
I thought I was dreaming/going to faint. Responding to complaints
Using direct and reported speech Apologising
She said 'Congratulations!' I'm sorry - there must have been a mistake.
She told me she had some good news. It's entirely our fault.
I'm very sorry about that.
Participating in conversations (Unit 10) Making offers and promises
Politely interrupting Would you like a refund?
Excuse me, can I just say something? We'll replace it straightaway.
It won't happen again.
That's a good point, but ...
We'll try to sort it out.
Do you know what I think/(dis)like/find strange about ...
Defending yourself
Holding attention
Don't blame me! It wasn't my fault.
Just a second , I haven't finished.
We're trying our best.
Hold on! Let me finish!
Clarifying your message
What I mean is ... !The thing is ...
Let me put it another way.

'1
 One of the gang
GRAMMAR 1 Label the words in order from all (100%) to none (0%)
= of the time.
Present Simple always [I]

We use the Present Simple for never D

• habits and routines: I go to the tennis club every occasionally D
Monday. The tennis coach doesn't work here in the often D
winter. usually D
• facts: You become a teenager when you are thirteen.
Do British people have ID cards? 2 Look at the information about Joey's evenings and
choose the best alternative for each sentence.
• generalisations: Lots of young people are sports
fans. Teenagers often argue with their parents. TV homework basketball friends
State verbs (seem, like, feel etc.) are usually in the Monday ./ ./ ./
Present Simple: Tuesday ./
You seem interested in photography. Wednesday ./ ./
Do you prefer colour or black and white? Thursday ./
Adverbs of frequency (occasionally, often, never, Friday ./ ./ ./
always etc.) with the Present Simple show how often Saturdav ./ ./ ./
things happen. We put them Sunday ./ ./ ./
• before a main verb: He occasionally goes to rock
concerts. In the evening ...
• after to be: She is often at home on Sunday 1 Joey sometimes / often meets his friends.
evenings. 2 Joeyalways / usually watches TV.
• between auxiliary (e.g. can, do, have) and main 3 Joey usually / sometimes plays basketball.
verbs: We don't usually go to away games. You can 4 Joey occasionally / never does homework.
always get a taxi at the station.
3 Find the errors with the position of the adverbs in the
Present Continuous sentences. Write a tick for correct sentences and
a cross for incorrect ones.
We use the Present Continuous for Members of a fan club usually can
• things which are happening now: I'm making buy cheap tickets. 00
a poster for the school chess club now.
She's not sleeping, you can go in. My school's societies meet never
on Fridays. D
• temporary situations: At the moment, he's working
for a charity. Are you staying with your parents until 2 People don't work usually full-time
term starts? when they are studying. D
• changing situations: More people are joining 3 Always I feel good when I give money
internet forums these days. Is the chess club to charity. D
becoming less popular? 4 Her favourite music is hip hop but she
sometimes listens to soul. D
Time expressions (now, these days, at the moment 5 They travel often by coach to away
etc.) usually go at the beginning or end of the games.
sentence. D
6 Do you often get a seat on the
supporters' coach? D
7 I usually am at home on Saturday
evenings. D
8 She finishes her homework never
before midnight. D
9 Does he always help you with your
homework? D
10 She often is tired when she gets home
from work. D

8
 One of the gang ~
4 Choose the unnecessary word or phrase in each 6 Write the sentences. Use the correct forms of the
sentence. verbs, either Present Simple or Present Continuous.
1 At the moment I work very hard every she / never / use / the Internet.
Saturday . She never U5es the Internet.
2 She is sometimes living with her aunt until more young people / join / the Scouts / these
she goes back to London . days? _____________________________
3 We're not always going shopping much these
days. 2 parents / always / not understand / their
4 I every weekend go for a long ride on children / problems. _________________
Sundays.
5 She now is talking to him now. 3 she / not do / a lot of work for charity at the
6 He sometimes has no time right now so you moment. ___________________________
can't talk to him.
4 the club / not have / a website. _______
5 Complete the sentences with the correct alternatives.
People often _ _ a club to make new 5 he / be / happier now that he / know / more
friends . people. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
a are joining c join
b joins d aren't joining 6 you / listen to / the concert? ___________
2 At the moment, I _ _ lots of new friends.
a make c 'm making 7 I / not support / a political party. _________
b 's making d makes
3 _ _ you _ _ the supporters club's 8 every week / she / forget / the time of the
meeting. ___________________________
Internet address?
a Are ... knowing c Can ... know
9 we / wait / for / the rain / to stop / before
b Does . . know d Do ... know /we/goout _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____
4 He always _ _ the club's newsletter.
a writes c write 10 it / not sn ow / at the moment. ___________
b is writing d doesn't write
5 Paul and Sue the car to work this
week instead of the bus because it's so cold. 7 Complete the conversation with the correct forms of
a take c is taking the verbs in brackets.
b takes d are taking Kay What ~ you usually ~ (do) at
6 _ _ the phone _ _ or is it a car the weekends?
alarm? Mark I 1_ _ (spend) a lot of my weekends
a Does ... ring c Does... ringing camping because I 2_ _ (belong) to the
b Is ... ringing d Is ... ring Scouts.
7 The club's committee members a lot Kay 3_ _ you _ _ (go) camping every
at the moment. weekend?
a argue c is arguing Mark No, not every weekend.
b argues d are arguing Kay What about this weekend?
8 This year, the number of club members Mark 14_ _ (do) exams at the moment so
_ _ very quickly. 1'_ _ (spend) this weekend revising.
a is growing c are growing Kay Why 6_ _ you _ _ (belong) to the
b grows d growing Scouts?
9 In Britain, people _ _ more money to Mark 1 7_ _ (not like) watching TV, 1' _ _
animal charities than to children's charities. (prefer) outdoor activities.
Kay 9_ _ the organisation _ _ (grow)
a are giving c doesn't give
b aren't giving d give these days?
10 he to the Scou ts? Mark Yes, it is. And at the moment, I 10_ _
(organise) open days to attract new
a Is ... belonging c Do ... belong
members.
b Does ... belong d Do ... belongs
11 They _ _ young people in their club.
a aren't wanting c doesn't want
b aren't want d don't want

9
 8 Complete the text with the correct forms of the verbs
in the box.
allow be build do go have join learn
live save train work
World Association
of Girl Guides
and Girl Scouts
• vandalism.
Raleigh International i5 a youth development
charity that 1 with young people aged
17-24. Young people of all nationalities take
part in their home country or abroad. The
expeditions 2 self-confidence and skills
and encourage the young people to understand
more about the needs of others. Nitin Rishi,
a volunteer from India, joined a Raleigh
expedition in his home country and says,
'I decided to join Raleigh because I wanted to
learn more about developmental work, do some
travelling and get a t rue insight into the ways
different people 3 their lives.'
The World Associat ion of Girl Guides and Girl
Scouts is the sister organisation of the Scouts.
This worldwide organisation' more
than 10 million members in 144 countries. Girls
-,---:-".- the Guides to develop leadership and
life skills. This year, 23,000 Guides and Scouts
6 to a big international meeting in
Sweden. Guide Katy Dawes said, 'I am very
excited about going to Sweden . At the moment,
I7 all my spare money for a new
sleeping bag and rucksack.'
The Duke of Edinburgh's Award scheme is
a voluntary, non-competitive programme of
activities that lead to bronze, silver and gold
awards. The programme 8 people
aged 14- 25 to do individual challenges which
are exciting and fun . 'I finished my bronze
award when I was sixteen. Now [ 9--::-::-:-_
my silver award. I 10 a new skill ,
guitar making, and for my community service,
[ 11 a junior football team.'
10
SPEAKING
1 Match the beginnings and endings to make phrases.
1 That may ... ~a ... way!
2 I'm sorry but I can't... b ... off it!
3 That's a... c ... up to a point.
4 You've got .. . d .. be t rue but ...
5 No .. e .. .good point.
6 I agree .. f ... to disagree.
7 Come .. . g ... a point but ...
8 I'm afraid [ have .. h ... agree with you .
2 . . Choose the correct phrases to complete the
conversation. Then listen to check.
Mr Gordon Graffiti everywhere! It's so ugly.
Carl (Come of[ itI) / I couldn't agree
more. Graffiti is OK, Dad. I think
graffiti is art.
Mr Gordon Oh, 1I'm afraid I have to disagree
with you I I agree with you up to a
point, Carl. Graffiti is not art. It's just
Mrs Gordon Hmm. 2/ agree with you up to
a point I I'm afraid I have to
disagree . But Carl 3 has a good
point I is so true as well. Some
graffiti is really clever.
Mr Gordon Well,' that may be true but I that's
so true a lot of graffiti isn't. And why
not paInt inside if they are artists?
Carl 5 No way I I couldn't agree with
you more! Graffiti has to be outside.
Otherwise it's not graffiti at all!
Mrs Gordon 6 Come oifit / You've got a point
but what if the building belongs to
somebody? There should be special
places for it, not just ordinary
buildings.
Mr Gordon 71 couldn't agree more! I I'm
sorry but I can't agree with you.
Somewhere else, not all over the
railway station i
3 Choose the best ending for each sentence.
'Country music is wonderful, it has
such emotion and fantastic lyrics.'
Oh, come off it! It's terrible I I love it.
2 You've got a good point but I think it's great I
I prefer metal.
'I don't understand this paInting. It's
just lines and spots .'
3 That may be true but it's really not very
interesting I the colours are beautiful.
4 I couldn't agree more! It doesn't make any
sense I It's very clever.
GRAMMAR
Reflexive pronouns
Subject Object Reflexive pronoun
I me myself
he him himself t
she her herself I
it it itself I
we us ourselves
yourself (singular)
you you
yourselves (plural)
they them themselves

We use reflexive pronouns

• when the subject and object of the sentence are the
same person or thing:
He looks at himself in every shop window!
The cat washes itself a lot.
Did you enjoy yourself at the party?
• to stress that something is done without help/
independently:
My mum's a hairdresser but I always cut my hair
myself.
o
Did they build the boat themselves?
My great-grandmother is 92 but she drives herself
everywhere.
1 These are all common expressions with reflexive
• to stress the subject or object only:
I complained to the manager herself. pronouns. Match expressions A-E to pictures
The hotel itself was quiet but the resort was very 1-4. There is one expression you don't need.
noisy. A Come in! Make yourselves at home! 0
The dog itself wasn't the cause of the accident. B Please help yourselves. 0
C Don't blame yourselves . 0
Mind the trap! D Be good, and behave yourselves! ill
~ E See you later. Enjoy yourselves! 0
.~~~ .. ~
~, ' ,
2 Choose the correct reflexive pronouns.
They're " •• ,,: 6 ~
~~ He talks about (himsel/J / herself a lot.
throwing ~

water over .!..-~-"'-"-- I hurt ourselves / myself at my judo

~~\, class.
themselves. 0
~ 2 The politician lied about herself /
{i ourselves.
3 The Scouts carried their tents
0
himself / themselves. 0
They're ~<O 4 Molly, please sit down and help

~\l~~~
throwing yourself / yourselves to a sandwich. 0
water over 5 They enjoyed herself/themselves
each other. at the football match. 0
~ -"'-"-- ~ -v..
6 Tom and I cooked themselves /
~ ourselves a huge meal. 0
{i 7 If the temperature drops, the heating
\. will turn itself/himself on. 0
8 When the train starts to move, the
doors lock themselves / itself 0
3 Tick the sentences in Exercise 2 where the
pronoun means independently.
11
 <I Complete the sentences with reflexive pronouns.
My dad taught himself to play the piano.
1. . . Read the article by a newspaper's dance critic and
My grandmother cut when she
was making lunch.
2 I can't forgive for the terrible
things I said.
3 The twins always buy an
enormous cake on their birthday.
4 Come to my party, Leo - you'll enjoy
5 When Jake looked at the photograph he
could see in his grandfather's
face.
6 We'll win the match if we believe in
2 Read the article again and choose the best alternatives.
7 We have a noisy pet parrot which talks
to all the time.
S Why don't you and Adam take _ __ _
away for a long weekend?
9 Jess is unhappy because she doesn't like
_ ___ very much.
:; Complete the text with reflexive pronouns,
pronouns or each other.
My dad is a fan of Joan Armatrading, a
British singer-songwriter. I don't like her very
much m)/self but my dad says she's fantastic .
She writes most of her songs '_ _ __ _
and she always accompanies '-;-:-_--:-:_.,.-
on the guitar. She played for Nelson Mandela
3 at his 70'" birthday party at
Wembley Stadium in London.
There are lots of other Joan Armatrading
fans and they send 4 emails
about her music and concerts. My dad is
also a member of an Internet fan club which
sends' a newsletter every
month. Every time he gets the newsletter
he finds something he wants to buy
, like a new Joan T-shirt or
a rare recording. 7 think he
should spend the money on ' _ _ __ _
not himsel1!
My dad's favourite Joan Armatrading album
is Me, Myself, J and he plays it all the time.
When my brother and I complain he says,
'When you have your own homes, you can
please 9 !'
12
READING
match headings A- H with paragraphs 1-5. There are three
headings you don't need. Then listen and check.
A Why I love going to the ballet
B Where the idea came from
C Why I was worried
D Romeo and Juliet is the perfect choice
E A new star is born in Chicago
F How they found the young people
G My final thoughts
H A dancer's life
The article is about
a a professional ballet performance.
b why young people become criminals.
c an unusual ballet performance.
d the ballet of Romeo and Juliet.
2 At the beginning of the evening, the critic thought
the ballet was a idea.
a great C crazy
b harmless d fascinating
3 The critic thought the performance was _ going
to be bad.
a probably c not
b possibly d definitely
4 The two men wanted to make a programme in
which
a amateur singers and dancers got jobs in a
musical.
b professional dancers taught criminals to dance.
c ballet helped young people develop self-
confidence.
d ballet dancers worked for a young people's
charity.
5 The two men
a had no experience of working with young
people
b met while working together
C worked together before the project
d knew each other before the project
6 _ chose the young people.
a Teenagers from an earlier project
b Professional dancers
c People with experience of difficult teenagers
d The two men and a television company
7 They chose Romeo and Juliet because
a teenagers can recognise the problems in it.
b there are mirrors in it for the dancers to look in .
c it's a funny story that everyone enjoys.
d the music and choreography are good.
S At the end of the evening, the critic said
a the perforrftance was not very good.
b the performers weren't good enough.
c the performance changed her mind.
d the performers were mad.

~an ba et
~ hange Ives?
[IT] Last night I was worried, very worried I had the job
of going to watch amateur ballet dancers performing on
stage with one of the UK's top professional ballet
companies. A performance like this seemed very risky
and I asked myself, 'Are they mad?' Before I tell you the
answer, I'll tell you why I had such big doubts.
[RJ The idea of mixing amateur and professional
dancers started a couple of years ago when two
friends with very different jobs found a way of working
together. One of the men had created an award-
vvnning 1V series, MUSicality, in which amateurs
trained to perform in the musical Chicago. The other
man runs a charity called Youth at Risk which works
with young people who have serious problems with
aggression and antisocial behaviour. Although it was a
risk, the two men thought they could make a 1V
programme in which ballet changed the lives of young
people with problems.
[ill Their idea was this: if the young people could
accept the strict discipline and challenge of ballet
training, it would build their self-esteem and give them
new confidence in themselves. The first step was to
ARTS I BALLET
find suitable teenagers to take part and they asked
teachers and youth workers already working
professionally with young people at risk to find
candidates for the project. Through them 300 young
people joined the programme and although about half
dropped out. in the end sixty teenagers appeared on
stage in the public performance.
GO The ballet they chose was Sergei Prokofiev's
Romeo and Ju/iet, choreographed by Sir Kenneth
MacMillan. The story of Romeo and Juliet includes
family confiict, the generation gap, gangs, murder,
young love and teenage suicide so it is the perfect
mirror for the lives of troubled young people in today's
society.
[ill Going back to my original question: 'Are they
mad?' The answer is definitely 'no'. As soon as the
ballet started, my worries disappeared . It was amazing
how these unlikely dancers were magically
transformed Into their characters. At the end of the
evening I was left with this thought: ballet can change
lives'. It is a dancing cure, not a talking cure; it is silent
so it stops arguments.
12 March ARTS MONTHLY 3S
 WORD LIST VOCABULARY
Clubs/Societies/ belt 1 Complete the gaps with words from the Word List.
University life blouse
annual event boot Noun Adjective
belong to bracelet bag ~
charity brand new fashionable
chav brush (v)
clique cap 2 noise
Debating Society cardigan 3 confusion
fan club chain 4 _ _ _ lazy
final exam coat (n) 5 _ __ interesting
first-year student cotton
fresher denim 6 trend
gang dress (n)
goth dress (v) 2 Complete the sentences with words from Exercise 1.
guest speaker earring She has a large ba<;l where she keeps all her
half-term holiday eyeliner make-up .
Internet grouplforum fashion
join fashionable I like those jeans with patches on them -
member gold they're _ _ __
membership card hood 2 Please turn the volume down, I'm finding the
political party jeans music really _ _ __
scouting organisation jewellery 3 Paris is the centre of the world.
sports club/team leather
support (v) lipstick 4 He just sits around all day doing no work.
supporters club mascara He'sso _ _ __
training session necklace
university nylon 3 Complete the sentences with the correct verbs and
old-fashioned prepositions from the Word List.
Lifestyles/Relationships patch
antisocial piercing (n) Do you often <;lo out with friends in the
at weekends polo shirt evenings?
be late for ripped C_ _ d_ _ and tell me why you are
boyfriend sale crying.
bump into sb shave
calm down
2 On Saturdays I often b_ _ i_ _ school
shirt friends in town.
close relationship shorts
competition silk 3 My parents worry because my younger sister
computer game silver h _ _ a_ _ on street corners with a
enjoy yourself socks gang.
fool around striped 4 We all f_ _ a_ _ in lessons sometimes -
get on with sb sweatshirt you can't always be serious.
get to know T-shirt
go camping top (n) 4 Complete the definitions with nouns from the Word
go dancing tracksuit
go out together List.
trainer
hang around trendy tracksuit en) a set of clothes designed for
have fun try on doing sport, made up of a top and pants
interests wear (v)
lifestyle woollen
_ _:--,-_ en) a small group of people who
make friends spend time together and don't let others join
married Other them
(musical) taste attend (school) 2 en) an organised group of people
party behave who all like a certain team or famous person
put on (a disco) care about sth 3 (plural n) sports shoes often worn
put up with complain
relationship confusing casually
role model district 4 en) jewellery which you wear on
youth (adj) go down your wrist
harmless 5 en) someone whose behaviour,
Appearance/Clothes hurry (v) ideas, etc. people try to copy because they
and accessories laziness want to be like them
accessory litter
appearance noisy 6 en) a part of a town or city
baggy rude
bargain
baseball cap

14
5 Choose the best alternatives to complete the fashion 6 Choose the odd-one-out.
report.
white striped brown (leather)
Starting from the top: Geo is looking good nylon ripped silk cotton
in a 1_ . He is wearing a ' _ top with a 3 _ 2 tight denim baggy ripped
and ' _ trousers. To complete this fantastic 3 mascara eyeliner lipstick earrings
look, he has a ' _ chain around his neck.
4 striped studded tight ripped
2 Now we have Frankie ill a 6 skirt and a ' _ 5 patch chain bracelet earrings
leather jacket. She is also wearing 8_ socks 6 cap hood hat top
and trainers. She has very 1960s make up
7 trendy fashionable tight smart
with heavy 9 _ and mascara.
3 Here's Natasha in 1 0 _ jeans with a
fashionable 11 on the knee and with a black Extend your vocabulary
leather 1 ' _ . Her 13_ boots are also very 1 Study the definitions of the phrasal verbs with hang.
fashionable. She's also wearing a 1'_ T-shirt. Complete the sentences.
Unfortunately, I'm not so sure about those
1'_ earrings she's wearing - they look cheap hang around (inj): to spend time somewhere doing
and nasty. nothing
hang on: used to ask someone to wait
1 a bracelet b fashion c baseball cap hang on to: to keep something
2 a fashionable b ripped c silk hang out: to put washed clothes outside to dry
3 a belt b hood c patch hang out with (inj): spend a lot of time with
4 a leather b short c baggy someone
5 a silk b nylon c gold hang over: if something bad is hanging over you,
6 a jeans b combat c denim you are worried about it
hang up: to end a phone call
7 a trendy black
b black fashionable
c bright black The weather was terrible so I couldn't
8 a baggy woollen hano:J out the washing in the garden.
b woollen red It was very busy at the ticket office so I
c striped woollen decided to until the queue got
9 a top b earrings c eyeliner smaller.
10 a leather beige b ripped c baggy 2 ! I'm not ready yet.
11 a chain b logo c patch 3 You'll need to your ticket until the
12 a bracelet bhood c belt end of the journey.
13 along b short c cropped 4 Don't ! I haven't finished!
14 a cotton light 5 While this terrible problem _ _ _ _ her, she
b trendy cotton can't relax.
c horrible white 6 When we were younger we used to _ _ __
15 a big round b drop c fashionable gold outside the park.
7 I like to my friends during the
holidays.

15
 Keep in touch
GRAMMAR 1 Choose the correct alternatives.
Social networking sites _ _
Present Perfect Simple since the 1990s.
a are existing
The Present Perfect Simple connects past completed actions to the
present. We use it for b exist
• news:
c have been existing
Thieves have taken five hundred computers from d have existed
a warehouse in Leeds. 2 The sites _ _ many new
(= They stole the computers recently, the computers are missing now.) features.
• a finished action which has present results: a added
I've designed and built lots of websites. b have added
(= I have done this work in the past, now I have experience in it.) c were adding
• a state or a repeated action in the past which is linked to the present: d add
Paul has lived in Spain for many years. I've read his blog every day
this week. 3 They _ _ very fast for the last
(= I read the blog for the last few days, now I am up-to-date with its few years.
news.) a are growing
Time expressions b grow
We use already (sometime in the past) and never (at no time in the past) c have been growing
with the Present Perfect Simple. d grew

I've seen his blog already.

4 The Queen _ _ a social
He 's never written a blog. network site.
a recently opens
We use since (from a point in time) and for (through a period of time) b has recently opened
with both the Present Perfect Simple and the Present Perfect Continuous. c is recently opening
She's lived here since 2003. d has been recently opening
They've been watching TV since 7.00.
It hasn't rained here for two years. 5 _ _ you _ _ on this site
It's been raining for two months! before?
a Have ... been
Present Perfect Continuous b Did ... go
c Were ... going
We use the Present Perfect Continuous to stress the continuous nature of d Have .... been going
a past activity, for example
6 No, I _ _ never _ _ it
• actions which started in the past and are continuing now: before.
I've been cleaning my bedroom since ten o'clock this morning.
(= I started cleaning at ten o'clock and I am cleaning now.) a have ... been seeing
• a recent continuous action with present results: b am ... seeing
I've been practising the song this morning so now I know the lyrics. c was... playing
(= I practised the song for a period of time, now I know the words.) d have ... seen
• to stress that a recent continuous action lasted a long time: 7 My sister _ _ them for years.
I look tired because I've been driving for ten hours. a doesn't use
(= I drove for ten hours, I have just stopped, now I look tired.) b uses
Affirmative Negative I Main verb (-in{j) c has been using
d is using
have been have not been :
l/We/YoufThey
(' ve been) (haven't been) :
practising all day.
has been has not been
HelShellt
('s been) (hasn't been)

16

2 Complete the interview with Josh Terreli, founder of
social networking site Coo/Me.com. Use the Present
Perfect Continuous.
Reporter Josh, CoolMe has been ",rowin",
(grow) very quickly this year, isn't
that right?
Josh It has, we 1_ _ (do) very well.
It's not been easy, th ough, I 2_ _
(work) 20 hours a day and I
3_ _
(not sleep) a lot. It's been
hard but CoolMe ' _ _ (get) so
many new members every week t hat
we've had no choice.
Reporter And ' _ _ you _ _ (work) on
any new projects?
Josh Yes, I h ave. 1 6_ _ (try) to
introduce video to CoolMe but it
7_ _ (take) me longer than I
expected.
Reporter What do you think you'll do after
CoolMe? ' _ _ you _ _ (think)
about your future at all?
Josh To be h onest, I don't know. 1 9_ _
(work) on a book but I don't know
when - or if - I'll finish it.
Reporter Well, good luck with it!
3 Read the headlines and write Present Perfect Simple
sentences.
No ChoCOlate lor satlY lor 3 months now.
r '" •
Sally hasn't had anx chocolate for
3 months.
Police arrest footballer
. - - - Burton ,
The police _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ __
2 Actress Katy Swan wins top award
~
Actress _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ __
3 Millionth fan visits star's b/og!
The millionth fan _ _ __ _ __ _ __
4 United do not- win the title
- - - -
United _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
5 COOLME INTRODUCES VIDEO SERVICE
CoolMe _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
Keep in touch
<I Complete the sentences with either the Present
Perfect Simple or Continuous forms of the verbs in
brackets.
They have srent (spend) hundreds of dollar s
on th e special effects in this film.
_ _ you _ _ (revise) all day?
2 Bands _ _ (experimen t) with computer-
gener ated music for more than thirty year s.
3 He _ _ (try) to pass his driving test fo r
five years - I d on 't think he'll ever succeed.
4 Since I bough t an iPod, I _ _ (listen) to
music all the time.
5 I _ _ (be) a member of CoolMe since I was
fifteen.
6 I _ _ (not play) the piano since I was
a child so I _ _ (practise) as much as
possible r ecently.
7 People _ _ (use) personal computers since
th e 1970s.
S Complete the email from Suzie about her Internet
addiction. Use the Present Perfect Simple or
Continuous form of verbs from the box.
finish receive tl!iRk make answer be
decide work become spend
From: Suzie <suzie1234@mailme,com >
To: Dad <jonathan.morris@coolme.com>
Subject: Oh dear!!
How RU? Hope everything's fine. ©
Listen, I 've been thinkin", all week about what you said
about the Internet, and I think you may be right: maybe I
____ too long online recently. Take today, for example:
I got up at 8.00 (okay, 9.00 ©) and I 2 non-stop
on my project for school. I 3 only just it
now, that's nearly six hours! 4 you online
that long today? I bet the answer's no and you're a computer
programmer!
It's not just me, though. All the students here spend hours
online. It 5 worse since I joined the campus
social networking site here as well. I 6 messages
all morning and more arrive all the time. I think I 7_ __
about twenty just this afternoon and now I have to answer
them all! Help!
Seriously, I think I 8 a decision. I 9 to turn
the computer off all week, apart from when I'm sleeping, so
that's the first step. Sounds like a good plan? Write and let
me know - but I'll have to turn the computer on to read your
email! Oh no! Maybe you can phone?
I'm not sure this makes a lot of sense but thanks for reading
it, Dad!
KEEP IN TOUCH
Love you
Suzie
Xxx
1
17
 LISTENING
1 . . Listen to four people talking about the Internet.
Match speakers A- D to the statements below. There
are two speakers for each statement.
Who ...
1 ". says they use the Internet to
contact friends?
2 ". says their life would be
difficult without the Internet?
3 ". has rrtixed feelings about the
Internet?
4 ". uses the Internet in limited
ways?
2 . . Read the sentences. Listen to the four speakers
again. Are the statements true (T) or false (F)?
Speaker A - Anton
1 meets his fl'iends all the time.
2 prefers instant messaging to seeing his
friends face to face.
3 is a very busy person.
Speaker B - Carl
4 always buys books and films online.
5 always plays the same game online.
6 thinks the Internet saves him time.
Speaker C - Kelly
7 uses the Internet every day.
8 always buys books and films online.
9 has bought fruit and vegetables onIine.
Speaker D - Zoe
10 is careful which sites she visits.
11 has had problems with her credit card
12 has had problems without an email
address.
18
SPEAKING
1 . . Complete the phrases to make polite question
forms. Then listen to check.
I w_ _ if you could help me?
2 I'd 1_ _ to k_ _ where the restaW'ant is,
please.
3 Could you p _ _ t _ _ me what time the
show starts?
4 Do you t_ _ it will be cold?
5 Do you h _ _ to k_ _ how much it
costs?
6 Have you a_ _ i_ _ where he lives?
7 Would you m_ _ t _ _ me how to get to
the theatre?
8 I was w_ _ if you have seen Joe?
2 . . Read the dialogues and rewrite the underlined
questions to make them more polite. Then listen to
check.
AHello, Hotel Grand.
B Hello. IHow much is a double room?
A€50 per night.
BOK. And 2do you have a sauna?
AYes, we do.
tI'd --------------------~
2 Iwas ___________________________
2 A Hello?
B Hi, Suzy, it's Jim. Listen, "what time does
the train leave tomorrow?
0 A Hi, Jim. Er, I'm not sW'e. Maybe try the
station.
0
0 C Victoria Station. How can I help you?
B Hello. 'What time is the train to EdinbW'gh
0 tomorrow morning?
0 C It leaves at 9.30.
0 B Great. ' Does the train have a restaurant
car?
C Yes, it does.
0 B "And is there a first-class carriage?
0 C Yes, there is.
0 B That's super. Thanks for your help.
Goodbye.
0
0 3 Have you _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ _
4 I was ___________________________
0 5 Do you _________________________
6 And would you __________________
 Ke ep in touch

WRITING I A personal letter

1 Read the letter and study the information. Underline three things that tell you this is an informal letter.

43 Marsh Road
1 Put your address in
Lowestoft
the top right corner I-------
of the letter. Suffolk
NR32 7YT
2 Write the date under 26 th June
the address.
I-------

Start with Dear.

You can use Hi ... in r-- Dear Grace I

very informal letters. 4 Start by saying

~
- Use a new paragraph
for each main idea.
- Say something about
me reader's life.
Use informal phrases
to get the reader's - Guess what! I'm going camping in Spain with two
attention.
9 Give a reason to end
the letter.
11 Close with an Let me know about the trip to Spain!
informal phrase, e.g.
Best wishes, Take --- Look after yourself.
care, Look after
yourself, Write
soon.
I'm sorry I haven't been in touch recently but my something about
email isn't working properly, I've lost my mobile - when you were last
and life has been too busy! in touch or explain
why you haven't been
I hope you are having great summer and that all your in touch for a while.
exams are over. I've been doing exams for ever but
the last one was this afternoon. Fantastic! I'm now
free and can start to relax. While I was doing my
exams I was either in an exam room or at home trying
to revise. Let's hope that all this hard work is
rewarded with incredible results!
8 Use questions to
friends from school. Do you want to come with us? - --1 speak directly to the
It'll be better if there are four of us and I'm sure reader.
you'll like Amy and Ryan. We're leaving on the first L,r---------------~
Saturday in August and we'll be away until our money
runs out. Please say yes!
Got to go now - mum's calling me for dinner and I'm
going out with all the other lucky people who have
finished their exams!
10 Use imperatives
to communicate
directly with the
reader.
I1
~"

2 You are (Daniel's friend) Amy or Ryan. Your grandmother is ill so you have gone to her home with your parents.
Write a friendly letter to Daniel. Remember to layout your letter correctly and to start and end in a friendly manner.
Include this information:
• explain where you are and why.
• ask about his exams.
• say you are looking forward to the holiday and explain what preparations you have made.
• give him some news about another friend.
• tell him how he can contact you while you are at your grandmother's home.

19
 WORD LIST VOCABULARY
Computers/ save 1 Complete the gaps with words from the Word List.
Communications/ search engine
send a message Verb Noun
Technology
3D signal (n) 1 attaclunent
access (v) signal strength 2 deletion
application social networking site 3 development
attach spyware 4 distW'bance
battery store (v) 5 inform
blog switch on/off
technology 6 installation
camera
check (messages/emails) text message 7 invent
click (v) toolbar 8 production
come out touch screen 9 receive
communications turn up/down 10 solution
contact (v) undo
crash (v) unread 2 Complete the sentences with words from Exercise 1.
cursor update
cyberbullying upload When it was first created, nobody could predict
delete USB memory stick how the Internet would develop .
document (n) user-friendly I need to _ _ anti-virus software on my
down load vibrating alert home computer.
electrical goods virus 2 The Internet could be the greatest _ _ since
email (n) voice mail the automobile.
(external) hard drive volume 3 People love sudoku, though many of the
freeware puzzles are almost impossible to _ _ .
function (n) Other
4 I never save emails, I _ _ t hem.
get through to addictive
artificial 5 To add _ _ to emails you need to click on
gigabyte the paperclip icon.
go dead best buy
boss 6 Most computers nowadays are _ _ in China.
GPS 7 I have to turn my phone off at work because
inbox bring out
capture (v) the noise of texts arriving _ _ me.
install
instant message come up with
company 3 Complete the compound nouns with words from the
Internet forum/message box. Then check your answers in the Word List.
board customer
invention develop eel! computer vibrating ring memory
iPhone disturb phone search spy tool voice
keep in touch drawback
kinetic energy exhausted phone
letter flexible book
log out games designer
2 mail
loudspeaker implant (n)
impressive 3 program
make (n) 4 bar
manual (n) layer (n)
leaflet 5 tone
microphone
mobile phone level (n) 6 alert
model (n) manage to 7 stick
offline news 8 engine
online (adv) painless 9 ware
open (file/folder) personal information
paste (v) practical 4 Complete the sentences with words from Exercise 3.
phonebook recommend
rest and relaxation To attach a document, click on this icon on the
post (v) toolbar.
postcard review (n)
power (n) run out of I keep everybody's numbers on my mobile so I
produce (v) safe don't need a
product solve (a problem) 2 If I don't answer, you can leave a message on
profile stressed out my _ _ .
program (n) transparent 3 I love using jazz music as my _ _ .
receiver waterproof
4 I typed 'English nouns' into a _ _ and it
recharge wonder (v)
found more than seven million sites.
ring tone work long hours
5 _ _ is the name for programmes which
secretly collect information about you from
20 YOW' computer.
 Keep in touch

:; Choose the best meaning for each word. Extend your vocabulary
1 come up with : 1 Choose the word or phrase which does not
a invent b give c bring collocate with the main word.
2 manual:
start up / log in to Xexit from) / shut down
~~~

a keyboard b instruction book c software

3 artificial: your comput er
a not true b mechanical c not natural open / edit / save / clean a docume nt
4 painless: 2 cut / copy / burn / paste t e xt
a not nice b sensitive c not hurting 3 scroll up, down / close / shut / bookmark
5 volume: a page
a loudness b box c speed 4 enter / move / upload, download / delete
6 undo: a file
a stop doing b keep on doing c go back 5 edit / burn / insert / eject a disk
7 exhausted: 6 surf / search / browse / cruise the Internet
a tired b full c wasted 7 visit / join / click on / bookmark a website
8 run out of: 8 send / join / click on / bookmark a link
a try to find b have no more c send away
2 Complete the sentences with a word or phrase
6 Choose the correct alternatives to complete the text. from Exercise 1.
Facebook is one of the most popular social We're finished, you can ___ your
networking 1_ _ in the world, allowing users computer.
to contact each other, 2_ _ news, send , __ 2 Don't forget to _ _ the document after
messages and keep in touch in many other ways. you finish it.
The site was founded in 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg, 3 the text in the box at the bottom.
a computer science student at Harvard, and his It's easier than typing it!
college roommates. At first, the site was only 4 It's at the top of the page, you'll have
available to Harvard students but since 2006 to _ _
Facebook has been open to all: anybody thirteen 5 You can the file from our server if
years old or older with a valid email address can you want a copy.
4 the site. The site has been developed 6 It's stuck! I can't the disk from the
constantly ever since and new ' __ are added computer.
regularly. In 2010 Facebook had around 600
7 I tried the net but I couldn 't find the
million active users and its value has been
information.
estimated at over $40 billion.
8 This website is fantastic! ___ it so we
Facebook has had some problems, however. The don't forget the address.
' __ has been criticised in the past for not 9 That sounds like an interesting site. Could
protecting the 7_ _ information that users you _ _ a link to it?
include in their 8_ _ and it has been blocked by
numerous countries at different times for political 3 Study the information about the Internet and
and religious reasons. The site is also often complete the text.
blocked by companies worried at how much time
their workers spend 9_ _ . WORD FOCUS: INTERNET
places on the Internet: website/site, web page, chat
a webs c pages room
things you do on the Internet: surf the net (spend
b sites d portals time looking at websites for fun) , visit websites and
2 a post c type chat rooms, download files from the Internet, check
b write d message your emails, email people or chat with them, shop
online or work c."line. You can also bookmark sites
3 a instant c short that you want to go back to regularly, which means
b lightning d fast putting them on your list of favourites.
4 a find c access
b open d see
5 a elements c offers
HANWORTH LIBRARY
b features d parts Members of the public are welcome to use the library's cam uters
6 a producer c partner If you are not Sure how to access the Internet please s p .
b company d provider one of the libra;ians who will show you how to: peak to
7 a particular c secret • the net.
b special d personal • find a particular 2
8 a profiles c user names . 3
- --
files.
b status d groups You are not allowed to use the library's computers to'
0 4 .
9 a connected c online - -__ chat rooms.
o 5
b crashed d networked - ___ emaiJs.
- shop 6 _ _ __
o bookmark 7
- -__ or create a list of 8_ _ __
 SELF-ASSESSMENT TEST 1 I UNITS 1-2
VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR
1 Complete the text with one word in each gap.
The number of letters needed is shown in
brackets. (6 pOints)
Slaying Safe Online
The Int emet is a wonderful thing but it is
important t o protect your computer from
viruses. I (7) and other dangers.
Generally speaking. if you have paid for a
program t hen it should be virus-free but you
should be careful when ' _ _ _ _ _ (11)
free programs - 3 (8) - from
the Intemet. You should also be careful of
files which are ' _ _ _ _ _ (8) to emails.
especially if you do not know t he sender. and
files given to you on a USB 5_ _ _ _ _
stick. It is best to always scan these w ith
an anti-virus program before opening or
_ _ __ _ (10) them on your computer.
2 Complete the text with a preposition in each
gap. (6 points)
I often used to be bored at the weekend. I didn't
use to go out with anyone and had nothing to
do. I hung I at the shops but didn't
have any money to spend. Then, one day,
I bumped 2 an old friend whose dad
had his own business and we started chatting.
We got 3 well with each other and he
told me that his father might give me a job so
we went to see him. He was great and I started
the next day, working in his toy shop. I spent
most of the first day fooling 4 with the
model trains! I don't know how he put '_,-_ _
with my behaviour but eventually I calmed
6 and now, five years later, I'm the
manager of one of the biggest shops in our city.
22
3 Choose the correct alternative. (6 points)
My brother is in a gang. He's been in it[since)/
Jor / Jrom he was 17 and he's now 21. They call
I them / - / themselves 'The crazies' but I don't
think they do many crazy things. They have
known' themselves / them / each other since
I
I
they were small children, so, of course , I have
known them for years too. They meet 3 them /
themselves / - every Saturday. Tom, my brother,
takes hours to get ready. At the moment, he
4 has / has been having / is having a shower.
He's been in the bathroom for ages. He always
looks at 5 him / himself / - in the mirror for
about an hour and then smiles at 6 myself / me /
, J with his perfectly white teeth and goes out.
4 Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar
meaning to the first. (6 points)
John and I keep in touch by exchanging
emails.
John and I send emails to each other.
Jim says that it is his fault that he is late.
Jim blames _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ -,-_
(6)
2 Kate and Sue argue a lot.
Kate and Sue argue with _ _ _ _ _ _ __
3 I hope we have a good time at the party.
I hope we enjoy _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __
at the party.
4 Tom started working at 8 a.m. and he still
hasn't finished.
Tom has _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _
5 I met Paul seven years ago.
Ihave _______________.
6 What do you mean, what's wrong? Look in the
mirror.
What do you mean what's wrong?
Lookat:-_ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____
in the mirror.
£; Complete the text with the correct forms of the verbs
in brackets. • (6 points)
Technology has chan'ijed (change) so much
since I was a boy. My grandson 1_:--,..._ _,-
(have) got an incredible amount of multi-media
gadgets in his room. At the moment, he
2 (listen) to an iPod with songs
on it that he 3 (recently /
download) from the Internet. For the last three
hours, he ' (also / watch) a TV
progranune on his computer. It is a one hour
programme but he can pause it whenever he
likes, just like a video, even though it is live TV.
I5 (not understand) any of it. All
these remote controls lying around all over the
house. He 6 (try) to teach me
how to download a virtual garden tour all this
week but I don't think I'll ever be able to work
out how to do it.
LISTENING SKILLS
6 . . listen to a presentation of a new multi-media
machine by a company representative to the firm's
salespeople. Read sentences 1-8. Are the statements
true (T) or false (F)? (8 points)
1 The people at the presentation have to
sit in certain seats.
2 The S3 is not on sale yet.
3 The Technoguard does things more
quickly than a computer.
4 The volunteer has to connect several
things to the machine.
5 The woman has got a camera which
can play music.
6 The machine asks questions to find out
exactly what you want it to do.
7 The man makes a cover for the DVD.
8 The volunteer isn't going to sell the
machine in November because he
doesn't like it.
COMMUNICATION
7 Put the extracts (a-h) from the conversation into the
correct gaps (1-7). Remember to use capital letters at
the start of sentences. rrpoints)
a no way
b I agree with you up to a point
C so true
d can't agree with you there
e absolutely
f come off
g sorry but I have to disagree
A Computers are really important these days,
aren't they?
B That's 1 ! You have to use a
computer for studying, most jobs ...
A 2 ! So I think it would be a really
good idea to buy a new laptop, don't you?
B A new laptop? Oh no, I 3-:--:-_ __
Laptops are really expensive!
A Well, ' . I mean, they're certainly
not cheap but on the other hand it's really an
investment and our laptop is so old .
B6 it! We only bought it a few
months ago, it's practically new.
D A New? I'm 6 • Technology moves
D so fast these days, a few months is a long
time for a computer. For example, there are
D lots of games I can't play on our laptop that I
could play on a new one.
D B Ah! So you want to buy a new laptop just so
you can play more games? ' _ _ _ __
D defirtitely no chance, no, no, no!
D
D
D
23
 Outside the law?
GRAMMAR

Past Simple Past Perfect

We use the Past Simple to talk about things which started Past Participle
and finished in the past: Affirmative/
negative
• single events
The judge started her job in 1998. l!You/He/She/lt I-_
ha_d-,-
Cd....c)_ _-,
• regular events punished them.
We/They had not (hadn't)
She worked in the court every day for ten years.
• past states I didn't understand the problem. Yes/No and Wh- questions
• telling stories Had he seen the accident? Yes, he had.
I went to the park and I saw a crowd of people. Had you talked to him before the accident? No, I hadn't.
With the Past Simple we use time expressions like Why had they lied to the police?
yesterday, yesterday morning/afternoon/evening, last night! We use the Past Perfect to talk about what happened before
year/week/Saturday, when I was five/ten, ten years ago, in another event in the past. It is used with the Past Simple or
September/2011: Continuous.
Where were you yesterday? The roads were dangerous because it had snowed in the night
She spoke to the police a week ago. (It snowed, then the roads became dangerous.)
Everyone was driving slowly because they had seen the
Past Continuous accident
(They saw the accident and drove more carefully afterwards.)
We use the Past Continuous
• to describe things which were in progress at or around
a fixed time in the past: Mind the trap!
At ID a.m. yesterday I was walking to the station. • When we got to the court, the judge sentenced
• for longer activities interrupted by shorter ones in the the criminals.
past: (= We arrived at the court, then the judge
I was jogging in the park when I saw a crowd of people. sentenced the criminals.)
• for temporary situations in the past: • When we got to the court the judge had
We were staying with our cousins. sentenced the criminals.
• to set the scene in a story or give background information: (= We arrived at the court after the judge had
I was walking along the road one evening ... sentenced the criminals.)

1 Choose the correct alternatives. 5 __ you __ the suspect before you saw her
with friends when someone stole their car. in court?
a had stayed a Did ... meet
b stayed b Were ... meeting
c was staying cHad ... met
2 The police asked me where I __ the night 6 __ the police __ the men who stole the
money yesterday?
before.
a was sleeping a Were ... arresting
b had slept b Did ... arrest
c slept cHad ... arrested
3 When her brother was in prison, she __ him 7 I had an accident because I at the road.
every month. a wasn't looking
a had visited b hadn't looked
b visited c didn't look
c was visiting 8 The jury __ a decision so the judge sent
4 They __ in New York at the time. them hothe.
a had lived a didn't make
b were living b weren't making
c hadn't made
C had been living
 Outside the law?

2 Answer the questions with short answers.
Were you waiting for a b~ when you saw
them?
Yes, I was.
Had you eaten anything before the accident?
Yes, _ _ __
2 Did the thieves take your bike?
No, _ __ _
3 Was my dad complaining about the noise?
No, _ _ __
4 Did the boys have to go to court?
Yes, _ _ __
5 Had you seen the driver before?
No, _ _ __
6 Were there lots of people running in the
street?
yes, _ __ _
3 Complete the article with the Past Simple or
Continuous forms of the verbs in brackets.
4 Complete the report with the Past Simple or
Continuous forms of verbs from the box.
argue be (x2) climb go out have
not close play receive relax
Last weekend the weather ' _ _ very hot
and while most people 2_ _ , the police
, _ _ very busy. People ' _ _ their windows
when they ' _ _ so thieves just 6_ _ in and
helped themselves. At parties, people
' _ _ their windows open while they 8_ _
loud music so there were a lot of complaints
from neighbours. Also, when it's hot, people
have more arguments. The police ' _ _ mo re
than twenty phone calls to homes where
families 10_ _
:; Join the sentences with the words in brackets. Use
the correct verb forms as necessary.
The prisoners ate breakfast. They went to the
exercise area. (after)
After they had eaten breakfast they went
to the exerci5e area.
The bell rang. They woke up. (when)
When _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ _ ____

2 They committed serious crimes. They were in

My Five Year prison. (because)
They _ _ _ __ __ _ _ _ _ _ __
Fight to Free 3 They appeared in court. They were sent to
McGowan prison. (before)
They _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _

by James Blake, 4 The police arrested her. The shoplifter

journalist confessed. (as soon as)
The shoplifter _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __

5 She didn't tell the children. Their father went

I was workin", (work) as a court reporter when to prison. (that)
She _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ __
I became interested in the McGowan case. At the
time. I ' (write) for the local
newspaper. Most of the court cases were boring 6 The judge didn't sentence the teenager. She
listened to the evidence. (until)
and I 2 (not enjoy) my job very Thejudge _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ ____
much. In fact, I 3 (think) about
leaving journalism to become a teacher. Anyway,
on this particular day. I ' (listen) to 6 Find the errors with tenses in the text. There are six
the police evidence in the McGowan trial, and errors.
I suddenly 5 (think). 'You're lying'. I walked home one evening from a party when
The policeman 6 (read) from it happened. When I had left the party the
notes but he ' (not have) the body weather was being fine but now the rain came
language of an honest person. At the end of the down hard and [ still had a few kIlometres to
trial, I 8 (be) amazed when the jury go. [ was seeing a car parked on t he other side
_ __ __ (nnd) Mr McGowan guilty. of the street with its lights on and its engine
running, just as if it waited for me, so
I wanted to shout. '10 you _ __
[ was getting in and drove off ... Then [ saw the
(listen)?' but I couldn't. Instead, I spent every spare policeman who was sitting in the back seat ...
minute for the next nve years working to get
Mr McGowan out of prison.

25
 7 Complete the newspaper article with the Past Simple,
Continuous or Perfect forms of the verbs in brackets.

Crime doesn't pay goes the saying and it certainl y

did not pay for these individuals. Read on as we
Leo Parker, security guard
present the five most brainless crimes you are ever
Mr Parker was '<jQin'<j (go) towards the main building likely to come across.
when the explosion happened. 'I 1 (be)
very lucky. I 2 (park) my car two minutes [ill
before and 3 (walk) to the office. An optimistic bank robber in Alaska had planned
Suddenly there was a great flash of light and then the his robbery carefully. He selected the bank,
loudest bang I have ever heard. I ' (fall prepared his gun and entered. Cleverly pretending
over) but I 5 (not be) hurt badly.' to be a customer so as to not create a panic which
might alert the police, he went up to the clerk and
Helena Aldndge, computer systems manager told her he w anted to open an account. The clerk
'I 6 • (work) at my desk and the next asked for some identification .. . which he gave her
second I was on the floor. My boyfriend 7_ _ _ _ _
before taking out his gun and asking for money.
(leave) the office five minutes before and I was very Un surpri singly, the police were able to find and
arrest the robber very quickly.
worried about him. At that moment my mobile
8 (ring) and I • (hear) his
voice saying "10 you (hear) that?" [IT]
That was a stupid question!' An even less th oughtful bank robber w as caught
in 2009. This robber actually succeeded in his
Max Fmkle, aIrline passenger robbery, taking nearly $4000 dollars from a bank
in South Carolina. Unfortunately, he w as rather
'I 11 (fty) into London from Canada and too pleased with himself, because one of the first
about a minute before the captain 12 (tell) things he did w hen he got home was to post a
us to put on our seat belts ready for landing. At the message on MySpace about his success. Once
moment he said this I 13 (look) out of the again, the police did not need a second invitation.
window because I " (want) to see
London under us. There was suddenly a big orange [IT]
light north of London - it was enormous.' Clearly, sometimes robbin g a bank can be a little
Clara Kent, local resident
difficult but surely robbing a cash machine should
be easier . . . Not, however, for t wo robbers from
Clara Kent" (drive) to the offices to Kentucky. The plan was simple: th ey would attach
collect her fiance, Greg. 'I ". (arrive) at a large chain to the front of a cash machine and
3.55 p.m. and Greg was ready so he 17_ _ __ _ then fasten it to the bumper of th eir pickup. Once
(get in) and I 18 (drive) away. As we the ca sh machine was open, they would collect
19 (drive) away from the building, we the money and escape. Unfortunatel y, the cash
20 (see) this huge white light but we machine w as a little stronger than th ey expected:
21 (not hear) the noise until a second instead of pulling the front of the cash machine
later. off they lo~t their bumper. Panicking, they drove
away, leaving the bumper behind . . . with their car
registration still attached.

26

..........
....
[ill
Everybody knows the police have little
tolerance for grafitti, which makes the decision
of one graffiti 'artist' to put films of his work
up on the Internet rather hard to understand.
The man's signature of'Buket'was well known
in the Los Angeles area and could be seen on
buses, bridges and many other places. One
day, 'Buket' uploaded videos of himself onto
the Internet painting graffiti in a number of
places. Unfortunately for him it appears the
police use the Internet as well and wasted no
time in arresting him.
ffiD To finish, here is perhaps the best
example of how not to perform a crime. Rule
number one of being a successful criminal
is surely 'choose your target carefullY: Two
muggers in Dallas, Texas in 1994 did not
do this when they chose as their victim the
famous actor Chuck Norris. The hopeful
muggers stopped the actor in a backstreet
and demanded his wallet. The two attackers
had knives but, unfortunately for them, Mr
Norris was one of the most famous martial
artists in the world, with black belts in six
different disciplines including Karate, Jiu-Jitsu
and Tae Kwon Do. The police arrived some
four minutes after the attempted mugging
to find the two attackers sitting in the street
with broken arms and sorry expressions on
their faces. 'Did you not know who he was?'
one of the policemen asked. 'We knew and we
wanted him because he was rich; came the
reply, 'but we thought all that stuff on TV was
fake:
Outside the law?
READING
1 Read the article quickly and choose the best headline.
A The best plans ... when bank robbers get it
wrong ...
B Online and in trouble: how the Internet catches
criminals out.
C Criminally stupid: true stories of the world's most
idiotic criminals.
2 Ea Read the article again and match headings A- F with
paragraphs 1-5. There is one heading you don't need. Then
listen to check.
A No Oscar for this director ...
B Not everything on TV is just acting.
C Fame at last!
D Everything you need
E I think you forgot this ...
3
F Name, address ...
Choose the best alternatives.
The clerk in the bank
a knew the man was a robber.
b thought something was wrong.
C treated the man like any other customer.
d panicked.
2 The robber from Virginia posted his message
a before the robbery.
b because he wanted to play games with the
police.
c to trick the police.
d because he thought he was very clever.
3 The men from Kentucky
a had problems robbing a bank.
b wanted to steal the cash machine.
c needed a stronger chain.
d were easy to find for the police.
4 Buket
a was a famous name in his city.
b wanted to get rich.
c wanted to be an actor.
d always uploaded videos of himself.
5 The muggers
a didn't realise who their victim was.
b didn't care who their victim was .
e asked the policeman who Chuck Norris was.
d thought Chuck Norris was just an actor.
27
 GRAMMAR 2 Complete the text with phrases from the box.
didn't use to think used to drive
would forget Hses te get
used to and would would become would feel would visit
wouldn't do wouldn't speak
We use used to + infinitive to talk about habits and states in
the past which are now finished or no longer true:
I used to read children's comics. (Now, I read newspapers.)
Leo used to hate spinach. (Now, he likes it.)
What games did you use to play? (when you were a child)

Mind the trap!

Don't confuse used to (for habitslstates in the past)
with the regular verb to use.
I used to have a Star Wars rucksack for my books.
I used myoId Star Wars rucksack for my books
today.

We use would + infinitive in the same way as used to,

• to talk about habits in the past: I would get up every
morning and go for a run. (It was my habit in the past.)
• to avoid repeating used to when describing past habits:
We used to put everything in the car the night before our
holiday. We tf8efHtj would leave before the sun was up and
we tf8efHtj 'd stop for breakfast on the way.

In this picture I'm scoring the winning

Mind the tra p!
Always use used to not would for states in the past
and for questions about past habits and states:
I used to have two best friends at school.
NOT I wetJltlllBve /we best frieRBS ...
Did you use to listen in lessons?
NOT WetJltl yeti NStefl ill iessef18?
1 Match the two parts of the sentences.
When I was seven ...
1 My older brother used to make
2 I used to think
3 I would look
4 Every night , I would make
5 Some nights, my parents would sit
6 My parents used to hope
a I would grow out of my fear.
b my parents go upstrurs with me.
e with me until I fell asleep.
d under the bed for monsters before I got into it.
e horrible noises outside my bedroom.
f monsters lived under my bed.
goal of the matc h . It was a fantastic
m o ment. Before any big game,
I used to eet very nervous so I had
a routine to help me relax. For about
a week before, I '_ _ _ __
anything except train and think
about the match _ I 2_ _ __ _
my w ife mad! On the day before the
matc h, I 3 about
anything but the game and I
_ _ __ _ very quiet. 1' _ _ __
the stadium on my own - I think it
helped me to see t he space and
imagine the game. Then, when we
were waiting in the dressing room
~ before t he matc h, I 6 to
o the ot her players but I would know
o what to expect so I 7_ _ __ _
o a bit more confident. Of course,
o the minute I ran o nto the p itch,
o I8 all about my nerves.

28

3 Read the paragraph and change the underlined verbs
with used to or would. Use woulrJ wherever possible.
•
used to live
When I was a child, we lived in the city but
my grandparents llived in the country and
we 2went to their house for Christmas. Each
year, my mother ' did all the work. She 'bought
and "wrapped all the presents, she ' packed
suitcases for the whole family and then she 7Illit
everything in the car on Chli stmas Eve. My dad
"worked as a policeman and he ' came home at
lunchtime and he IOasked lots of questions like
'Have you bought all the presents? Have you
packed the car properly?' He IIthought he was
being helpful! Then my mum l2gill angry and
they 13argued for the whole journey. I 14believed
that Christmas Eve was a special day for
arguing.
Outside the law?
SPEAKING
1 . . Complete the phrases. Then listen to check .
In my opinion
As far as I'm c_ _
2 Everybody k_ _ that
3 If you a_ _ me
4 If you t _ _ about it
5Its _ _ tome
6 It's only n_ _ that
7 P _ _ , I believe
8 The r_ _ why
9 Thet_ _ is
10 Tobeh_ _
2 Write GO for phrases which give an opinion and JO
for phrases that justify an opinion next to phrases in
Exercise 1.
In my opinion
3 Choose the correct phrases to complete the
conversation.
Mrs Collins (Personally, I / Everybody knows
that I don't like going into town
in the evenings. 11 mean / In my
opinion, there are always big groups
of teenagers on the streets and they
frighten me.
Mrs Ellis 2The reason why / It seems to me
that they have nowhere to go. ' To be
honest, / If you think about it, there
isn't a sports centre or a youth club
and the cinema closed two years ago.
Mrs Collins 'Frankly, / I mean, I think it's the
parents' fault. 'The thing is, / Look
at parents nowadays don't care -
they let their children do what they
want. 'Look at us / Everybody
knows that, we didn't spend all our
time on the street, vandalising things
and breaking the law.
Mrs Ellis 7To be honest, / The reason why
I spent a lot of time with my friends!
'Frankly, / It's only natural that
young people want to be together,
the problem is what they do when
they are together.
29
 WORD LIST VOCABULARY
Crime and punishment speeding 1 Complete the gaps with words from the Word List.
the accused (n) statement
steal Verb Noun (person)
accused of
antisocial behaviour swear accuse accused
arrest (v) terrorise burgle
attack (v) theft 2 judge
blackmailer thief 3 mug
break into trial 4 offend
break out (of prison/jail) under arrest
uniform 5 rob
bullying
vandalise 6 shoplift
burglar
catch (v) vandalism 7 steal
come to a decision victim 8 witness
commit a crime witness
community service 2 Complete the sentences with words from Exercise 1.
courtroom Other
The accused was a little, old lady. She didn't
crime abandon
look like a violent criminal.
criminal (n) alarm call
amount The police caught him thanks to two
damage (v)
bank manager -:---:-_ _ " who were looking out of their
drink-driving
bus shelter windows when he stole the car.
drop litter
effective/ineffective care (v) 2 The sentenced him to ten years in
choice (n) prison.
electronic tagging
fair/unfair clown 3 The caught the old lady in a dark
fine (n, v) consequence street and took her bag.
gang crash (v) 4 The building was attacked by ,-,--__
getaway deserve during the night and all the windows were
get out of (prison) desperate smashed.
go to court distract 5 There was money missing from the cinema
graffiti donkey/jackass every month. It was clear that one of the
guilty driving licence workers was a _ _ _ _
gun earn/make (money/a fortune)
handcuffs expect 3 Complete the sentences with compound nouns from
harm (v) experience (v) the Word List.
house arrest failure
fed up with A lot of immigrants complain to the police
illegal about racial abuse.
jail greedy
judge (n) handbag The judge sent the young criminal on
jury help yourself (to sth) a instead of prison.
law hide 2 The police always know where someone is
lawyer human nature with - --
mugger humiliating 3 If a criminal is sentenced to , they
noise nuisance immoral have to do something like gardening or street
offence insult (v) cleaning.
offender laugh at 4 If your neighbours have parties every night
piracy lucky you can report them to the police
Police Force park (v) for _ _ __
police officer purse
resident 5 He lost his licence for and now he
prison has to take the bus everywhere.
(prison/jail) sentence responsible for
revolving door 6 The saw the children trying to steal
punishment some CDs so he took them to the manager.
racial abuse run after sb
school crossing guard 7 The opposition leader was put under _ _ _
rehabilitation programme by the undemocratic government.
release set up
right (n) share (v) 8 The muggers attacked him while he was
rob (v) shout (v) waiting at the for his bus home.
robber sign (n)
robbery swear
run away take away
security guard take up (a sport/hobby)
shoplifter train (v)
siren van

30
 Outside the law?

4 Tick the correct column for each word. Extend your vocabulary
Crimes and the law People 1 Study the phrases and choose from them to label the
accused pictures.
blackmailer
burgla r =
commit a crime do something against the law
fine =
crime prevention attempts to stop crimes before
graffiti artist they happen
piracy crime rate = the amount of crime that happens
robbe r somewhere
robbery crime sce ne =the place where the crime happened
senten ce juvenile/youth crime = crimes committed by
vandalism children and teenagers
petty crime = crime that isn't very serious
:; Label the people in the picture. serious crime = crimes involving, for example, guns
or large sums of money
street crime = crimes committed in the street, for
example, mugging
turn to crime=start committing crimes
violent crime =crimes which cause physical injuries

2 _ _ _ _ __

4 _ _ _ _ __

5 _ _ _ _ __

6 Complete the article with the correct forms of the

words in brackets.

FROM OUR COURT REPORTER 2 Choose the correct alternatives.

V esterday Jud'ije (justice) Williams sentenced five girls
1. for ' (bully) a classmate. After she had
!i5tened to 2 (state) from the victim and her
:amily, the judge said the girls' behaviour had been
(responsible) and that their 4. _ _ __
p unish) must fit the crime. She ' (fine) the
5irls and said that she hoped they would learn from their
experience. The judge described the 6 (guilt)
girls as 7 (luck) that she was in a good mood
lllld said that if she ever saw the young ' _ _ __
offend) in her court again she would not be so patient.
A lot of young p eople Itum to) / hang out
with crime if they are bored and have n othing
to do in their spare time. They usually start
with 'petty / violent crime like shoplifting or
street crime like painting graffiti on buildings .
However, if they are not stopped , th ey can
become involved in 'serious / youth crime like
burglary and mugging . As pa rt of th e police
and local community's crime 'rate / prevention
campaign , we opened a youth club a year ago.
This m eans t hat young people now have a place
to meet, which offe rs a genuine alternative
to 'committing / doing crime. The p olice
published the ann ual crime figures this week
and th ey sh ow th at th e crime 'scene / rate h as
fallen by 20 p ercen t.

31
 His and hers
GRAMMAR

Modals and related verbs Yes/No and Wh- questions

Should they believe her? Yes, they
Present Simple Affirmative Negative should.
Auxiliary + main verb (infinitive) Auxiliary + not + main verb (infinitive) Can she understand? No, she can't.
You ought to eat more fruit. You ought not (oughtn't) to eat sweets. Do we have to get up early? No, you
don't
We have to go by train. We don't have to go by train.
Does he have to pay? No, he doesn't
He is able to dress himself. He isn't able to dress himself. Where can we play tennis?
Yes/No and Wh- questions
Past Simple* Affirmative Negative Could you understand our science
I could play tennis when I was ten. I couldn 't play tennis when I was ten. homework? Yes, I COUld.
We were able to go out yesterday. We weren't able to go out yesterday. Did they have to get 80 percent to
pass the exam? No, they didn't.
They had to pay for the tickets. They didn't have to pay for the tickets.
What could you see from the top?
* must, ought to and should do not have Past Simple forms
Modal verbs can, must and should are also called modal auxiliaries. Like the related
verbs have to, ought to and be able to they are used for rules, responsibilities and ability.
To form sentences with these verbs:
• don't add third person s except with have/has to and am/are/is able to.
• use have to instead of must, and should instead of ought to for questions.
• don't use the auxiliary do in questions, negatives or short answers, except with have to.
We use must for
• written rules: All students must show their ID cards.
• things which we think are important to do: I must do some revision this weekend.
• strong advice: You must stop smoking.
We use mustn'twhen something is
• forbidden by law/rule: You mustn't use a mobile phone in the hospital.
• an obligation: We mustn't forget to buy Jim a birthday card.
We use have to for
• rules: If you lose a library book, you have to buy a new one.
• laws: You have to get a visa to travel to the USA.
• external obligation: He has to do his homework first
We use don't have to
• when something isn't necessary: You don't have to buy me a birthday present - a card is enough.
We use should/shouldn't and ought/ought not to to
• give advice: You shouldn't get married after only two weeks together! You ought to wait at least a year.
• explain a duty or responsibility: If you saw the accident, you ought to phone the police.
• make suggestions: You shouldn't spend so much money./You ought to see a doctor.
We use can/can 't (present) and couldlcouldn 't(past) for
• ability: I could understand the joke but I didn't think it was funny.
• possibility: You can go there by train, coach or plane.
• permission: You can go when the light is green.
• laws: People couldn't vote at eighteen when I was young.
• rules: You can't smoke in my house.
.
We use the correct form of be able to for ability in tenses where there is no appropriate form of can.
I /'11 be able to paint your kitchen next weekend/They won't be able to come to your party.

32
 His and hers

1 Choose the correct alternatives. 3 Complete the short answers for the questions in
We _ forget it's Dad's 50"<birthday next Exercise 2.
month. No, they couldn't.
a don't have to C mustn't No,
b can't 2 Yes, .
2 You _ buy a season ticket but a daily 3 Yes,
ticket is more expensive. 4 Yes, ...
a mustn't C can't 5 No,
b don't have to
3 The law is that everybody _ pay tax. .. Read the letter and choose the correct alternatives to
If you don't pay, you could go to prison. complete the conversation .
a don't have to c has to
b can
Dear Ted Edwards,
4 Unfortunately, I _ see the manager so
I wrote to her instead. Thank you for your appi' l' f
solicitor. We would like trc~ J~n or the post of trainee
a couldn't 0 Invite you to atte d
c didn't have to ' .
~ntervJew at 10.00 on Man n . ar:
b mustn't IS inconvenient, please let day ~5th J~ne. If ~hls time
me now Immedrately.
5 When I was at university we _ use
preas~ 8:rive at Our offices at 9 .45
dictionaries in exams. Secunty IS strict in the bu'ld' and ask for me.
a couldn't c mustn't letter with you and so r rng SO you must bring this
b can't
for example a driving r,;;e
other form of identification,
also bring your ori i al en~e or passport. Please
6 It's my girlfriend's birthday next week. for us to check. w~ :illc~:cates and qualifications
I really _ remember to buy her a present. will be able to take the e copies of these so you
a don't have to c must of the interview. m away wIth you at the end

~~::~~~~~e;:i~~~~~~h:r~ i~ an interview task.

b can
7 I'll be on holiday in the mountains at
interview for discussion. n nng It along to the
Christmas so I _ meet you in town.
a won't be able to c couldn't I look forward to meeting you on Monday.
b mustn 't Yours sincerely
8 I _ have friends to stay at the weekend JU/le 'RYCl.fI
- my parents don't mind .
Personnel Officer
a have to C mustn't
b can
9 You _ drive a car at night without lights .
led Great! The company I applied to want me to
a don't have to C m ustn 't go for an interview!
b shouldn 't Mum Well done. When is it?
10 We _ forget about next week's test led Monday. She says I 'have to / can ring her if
- the teacher reminds us in every lesson! I 'can't /'m not able to go.
a can't C ought not to Mum What time do you 3need to / must be there?
b must led The interview is at 10.00 but I 'could / have
11 What do you think? _ I wear my blue to arrive at 9.45 for a security check. I 'must /
shoes or the black ones? can use my driving licence or passport as ID.
a Can c Do Mum Is there anything else? You 'must / need read
b Should the letter carefully - do you 'need to / be able
to do any preparation?
2 Complete the questions with the correct forms of the led Yes, I 'need to / could take my certificates.
words in the box. I don't know where they are.
can be able to have to (x2) must €ffi!lG Mum Well, you 9don't have to / have to find them!
You really lOought to / don't have to keep
In the UK ... them somewhere safe. Do they want to keep
Could women vote in the 1920s? them?
Do you carry identification? led Er, no, I " slwuldn't / don't have to leave them
2 we really talk about this now? - they'll make copies. And there is a task.
3 young people get married at 16 Mum You I2can't / don't have to leave it until the
nowadays? last minute. You !3're able to / should start
4 _ _ Polish people _ _ get a visa to it now and do a little bit every day. And I think
work in the UK before 2004? you "should / have to check that your suit is
clean.
5 _ __ the government ___ solve the
problem of street crime? led Yeah, good idea.
33
 LISTENING SPEAKING
1 IillI Listen to the conversation. Write K for Karen, 1 I D look at the picture and choose the best
ofor Karen's dad and M for Karen's mum next to alternatives. Then listen to check.
statements 1-3.

Parents today are much stricter than

Molly Is it OK 11 was wonae'f'1,~ if 1 could
in the past. 0 leave early tfus Thursday ernoon.
Teacher , I'm afraid you can't. / If you must.
2 Parents today are about as strict as
they were in the past. 0 There is an important test at 3.30 - if
you miss it, you will have to do the
3 Parents today are not as strict as course again.
they were. 0 Molly Sorry, I'd forgotten about that.
2 Can 1/ Do you mind if I come in late
2 IillI Read questions 1-5. Listen again and choose on Friday morning? .
the best alternatives.
Teacher No, 3 I don't / I'm afraid you can't but
The conversation takes place you must get the notes from another
a at school. student.
b in an office. Molly Thank you. I've one more question. .
c in a cafe. 4 Could I possibly / I can come to your

d at home. after-school debating society?

2 Km'en's mum says she can't wear make-up Teacher 'No, I don't. / Yes, of course.
Molly Thank you very much.
a at all.
b at breakfast. 2 Complete the conversation.
c at school.
d until she's older.
3 Karen
a didn't ask her parents about the party
before.
b asked her Mum yesterday about the party.
c asked her Dad yesterday about the party.
d asked both parents yesterday about the
party.
4 The party
a finishes at 10.00.
b finishes before midnight.
c finishes at midnight.
Mia I'm going out - can 1 take your bike?
d might finish after midnight.
loe 'N_ _ p_ _ .
5 Karen has to be home Mia Thanks, sis. And I'm going to a party
a at 9.00. later. 21_ _ it OK i_ _ 1 wear your
b at 10.00. blue T-shirt?
c at 11.00. loe Yes, 3a_ _ I_ _ a_ _ you wash it
d at 12.00. after the party.
Mia 'S_ _ . One more thing: 'D_ _
y_ _ m_ _ i_ _ 1 take that CD
to the party?
loe 'N_ _ , I d_ _ - 1 don't like it.
Mia Thanks! You're the best!

34
-- His and hers

WRITING I A letter to an editor .

You read an article in your local
newspaper arguing that all schools
should make their pupils wear school
uniforms. Decide if you agree and
then write a letter to the editor giving
your opinion. Write 200-250 words.

1 Use a formal style,

starting with Dear ..
and ending with
Yours faithfully. - Dear Editor
2 Start by referring to - I am writing in response to the article on school uniforms by
the article you are
writing about and
giving your opinion
on it.
5 Quote ideas and
opinions from the
original article.
6 Summarise your
opinion in the last I-- In my opinion, school uniforms do not solve the problems
paragraph.
3 Refer to your own
experience or
James Taylor in last weekend's newspaper. As a student at backgrow1d where
high school, I was interested in what the article had to say. appropriate.
However, I cannot agree with Mr Taylor's conclusions.
4 Introduce each
First of all, I disagree with Mr Taylor's point that uniforms
argument in a new
are attractive. Surely it is better for pupils to be individuals paragraph. Use
and choose the clothes they look best in. Although some linking words to
pupils may look great in a white shirt or a blue dress, not all introduce each point
of them will. and to sequence your
Secondly, Mr Taylor claims that school uniforms stop parents points.
having to spend a lot of money so that their children can keep
up with the latest fashions. The example he gives is trainers,
which can cost over £100 a pair. However, not all children wear
such expensive trainers. In addition, parents have to buy a
school uniform, which is an extra expense.
Finally, Mr Taylor makes a good point about uniforms
stopping richer children from laughing at poorer children's
clothes. On the other hand, they can always spend money on
other things - phones or watches, for example - instead of
trainers.
that Mr Taylor claims. Instead, they reduce individuality
and make schools less relaxed places and more like the army.
Perhaps if Mr Taylor likes uniforms so much he should wear
one himself instead of telling school pupils what to wear.
Yours faithfully,
Suzy Brown, Newcastle

1 Read the task, the notes and the letter/article
and study the information. Then underline words
or phrases which do these things.
• add information or introduce
a different idea
• put the points in order
• refer to points made in the original
article
L.
2 Choose the topic (1-3) which interests you most. Write
a letter to a newspaper about an article on this topic. Use
the letter above to help you.
1 All eighteen-year-olds should do national service.
2 Space exploration is a waste of time and money.
3 Urtiversity students should pay for their own
education.
Remember to
• plan your letter and make notes .
• use a formal, controiled style.
• present your points logically in separate
paragraphs.
• use linking words to connect ideas .
• check your work carefully.
3S
 WORD LIST VOCABULARY
Family life/Relationships lazy 1 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the
adolescence mature/immature words in brackets.
born mean (adj)
bring up modest He is a brilliant teacher, a genius, but he's
childhood nasty very intolerant (tolerate) of laziness.
chore optimistic He didn't come to the meeting again. He's so
fall out with outgoing _ _ _ (rely) !
get on with personality 2 No need to be so (aggression)!
go out with a friend pOlite/impolite I was only asking a question!
grow out of practical/impractical
grow up predictable/unpredictable 3 Now my great-grandfather is getting older,
leave the table proud he's becoming more (forget).
look after reckless 4 Nothing ever depresses him. He's always so
look down on sb reliable/unreliable _ _ __ (optimism) about things.
make fun of rude 5 Do this! Do that! Honestly, I've never known
make up with secure/insecure anyone so (boss).
parent self-centred 6 What I like best about her is that she's so
rebel against self-disciplined --:-_ __ (modesty), even though she's very
rule (n) sensitive talented.
socialise shrewd
shy
7 You need to make important decisions quickly
spend the night
stay out late sociable/unsociable in this job so you must be (decide).
strict stubborn 8 Poor Leo can never make up his mind - he's
take care of thoughtful the most (decide) person I know.
take sth personally timid 9 He's the same age as me but he's like a' little
teenager tolerant/intolerant baby at times, just so (mature).
tell off unconventional
toddler upset 2 Choose the incorrect collocations. There is at least
upbringing worried one incorrect collocation in each set.
Chores School
change a light bulb attend (a school)
clear the table behave
do the cooking/dishes/ boarding school
washing-up/shopping/ classroom
vacuuming coeducational
hang up a picture/your comprehensive school
clothes day school
iron your clothes discipline
make your bed exchange programme
mop the floor fee-paying school
set the table high school
sweep the floor independent school
take out the rubbish school subject
wash your clothes single-sex school
state school
Personality
absent-minded Other
adventurous/unadventurous accurate
affectionate advise
aggressive career
attractive fix (v)
bossy harmless
conscientious impress
considerate/inconsiderate join (v)
cruel military service
decisive/indecisive opportunity
delicate peace and quiet
forgetful prevent set / clear / (sweep I the table
fun-loving refuse
funny rehearsal mop / hang up / do the dishes
gloomy role 2 do / irOl< / hang up your clothes
hard-working shade 3 sweep / set / mop the fioor
intelligent stereotype 4 put / clear / change a light bulb
kind/unkind taste (n) 5 make / set / change your bed
36

3 Choose the correct alternatives to complete the
conversations.
Steve I don't think your brother is very
diplomatic.
Dylan You're right, of course. To be honest he's
just cruel 11 rude j!
Bob I think a woman should stay at home
and learn to play the Irole 1 stereotype
of a good wife so she can entertain her
husband's colleagues.
Mia I knew you'd say something like that!
You're so 'unconventional 1 predictable.
You couldn't be more wrong in my opinion.
I don't want to spend all my time at home.
I 'reJuse 1 prevent to spend all my time ...
Bob No need to get upset. You always take
things so 'personally 1 delicately! Calm
down.
Anna What's going on at school? Any 'fun-loving
1Junny stories to tell?
Rachel Well, Paul tried to cheat in his maths exam.
Anna Did he? That was pretty 'harmless 1
reckless! Imagine if he got caught! He'd be
in real trouble.
Rachel Exactly! In maths as well! Everybody
knows Mr. Andrews is the 7meanest 1
strictest teacher in the school.
Anna Yeah, but he wasn't caught and he
got better marks than 8thoughtjUl 1
conscientious students who prepared for
the test properly. It's not fair!
Harry What's your new school like?
Amy Well, it's private, which means it's a 'jee-
paying / comprehensive school. We've
got some interesting IOsubjects 1 topics too
like philosophy and history of art.
Harry Sounds great! I can't wait till I'm old
enough to go to Ilday 1 high school.
Amy It's not all perfect though. I'm not sure I
like 12coeducational 1 single-sex schools
as much. I miss having boys in the class.
4. Choose the correct alternatives.
I loved comics as a teenagers but I've grown
up ~I away Jrom them now.
Don't make fun with / in 1 oJyour little sister -
it upsets her.
2 The teacher told me off Ion lout for not doing
my homework on time.
3 My brother and I get in 1 on lout well.
4 They were arguing all week but they've made
in 1 off 1 up with each other now, thank
goodness.
5 She's not as good as you but that's no reason
to look up 1 down / at on her.
6 My parents are going out this evening so I've
got to look at 1Jor 1 after my little brother.
7 Sue fell on lout 1 up with her boyfriend at the
weekend. She's not even speaking to him now.
His and hers
S Choose the words which describe people's
personalities and match them with the definitions.
1 shrewd
2 toddler
3 shade
4 mean
5 gloomy
6 childhood
7 bossy
8 impress
a clever and with good judgement 0
b pessimistic and always seeing the worst 0
c always giving people instructions and
telling them what to do 0
d not wanting to share anything with
other people, selfish with things 0
Extend your vocabulary
Common French expressions in English
English has lots of loan ('borrowed') words and
phrases from other languages, for example,faux
pas is from French. The phrases may have the
same meaning in both languages or they may
have evolved differently in the two languages,
e.g. souvemr (Fr) = a memory; souvenir (Eng) =
a small gift or 'reminder' of a place visited.
1 Study the definitions. Use them to complete
sentences 1-5.
au pair jdU ,ped! young person who lives with a
family in another country to learn the language
and to look after the children
ban appetit I bon "'po,ti :tl said at the beginning of
a meal, means 'enjoy your food'
' bon voyage Iban v::)f,YU3/ said before someone goes
on a journey; means 'have a good journey'
critique I kri,ti:kI a detailed analysis of the problems
of, for example, political ideas
cuisine I kwi,zi:nl a particular style of cooking, for
example, Indian cuisine is often spicy
en suite /on,swi:t1 an en suite bedroom has an
attached, private bathroom
faux pas ;f~u ,po:/ an embarrassing social mistake
fiance (male) Ifiancee (female) lfi,onsetl the person
someone is engaged to marry
'Goodbye l This time tomorrow, we'll be on the
beach in Australia!' 'Bon voya~e!'
We're going to employ an to help
with the children and housework.
2 This is my , Adam. He asked me
to marry him on Valentine's Day.
3 I love pasta - I think Italian is the
best in the world.
4 I made a terrible at the party -
I asked George about his girlfriend and they'd
split up that afternoon. It was so embarrassing.
5 ' !' 'Thank you - I'm sure I'll enjoy
it, I always love your cooking"
37
 SELF-ASSESSMENT TEST 2 I UNITS 3-4

VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR 3 Complete the sentences with a character adjective.

The first letter of each word has been given. (6 points)
1 Complete the sentences with the correct words from He does everything so carefully and well and
the box. (6 points) he's never lazy or late. He's the most
accused sentence jm!ge jury lawyer conscientious person I've ever met.
witnesses victim He never remembers anything.
He's so f,_ __ _
The jud<;le told her she would go to prison for
three months. 2 I don't think you'll get her to change her
mind. She's too s, _ _ __
The returned after five hours and 3 Six hours of shopping and you still haven't
their spokesman said that the man was guilty. bought any presents. You'll have to start
2 The of the attack had to go to being more d or there won't be any
hospital. time to buy anything this year.
3 The was brought into court by two 4 She never thinks of anybody else, just herself
police officers. all the time. She's so s, _ _ __
4 Everyone was shocked by the thiefs 20 year 5 I knew exactly how he was going to react
prison _ __ _ and what he was going to say. He's such
5 She said it wasn't her but there were three ap person.
_ _ _ _ who had seen her do it. 6 No, I won't do your homework for you.
6 Everyone knew she was guilty but she had an Don't be so I !
excellent and she was set free.
<I Choose the correct alternatives. (6 points)
2 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the
words in capital letters. (6 points) In the old days, criminals knew their place.
Once we had arrested someone, we didn't
I'm sure community service would be better luse]! used to have any more trouble from them.
for him than prison. COMMUNE These young criminals lought / should to
When we got home, the were still respect us policemen more. I remember old
upstairs. BURGLE Bob. Whenever we arrested him, he 'would /
2 Police were called out to a in the could come quietly and politely. He knew he
High Street. ROB "must / had to sit and wait while we typed up
3 He was arrested for being a when our reports. He always asked if he "could / can
security guards found a frozen chicken under smoke and even though we knew that we
his coat. SHOPLlFT 'shouldn't / mustn't give him cigarettes, we
always did. There was no rule that said we
4 Luckily he didn't go to prison but was sent on couldn't but the inspector thought it looked
a programme instead. bad. Old Bob spent most of his life in prison.
REHABILITATE He "didn't use to / wouldn't like life outside
5 [ couldn't believe how much mindless very much. He was always much happier in his
_ _ __ there was in the city. VANDAL warm cell surrounded by all his friends.
6 The problem of abuse at football
grounds in Britain is much less than it was S Complete the text with one word in each gap. (6 points)
twenty years ago. RACE I started at my new school this week - a
coeducational comprehensive with over 1500
students in it. What a shock. Before the summer
holidays, I lli;Q been going to a girls' school.
It was a strict school. I I to hate the
uniform and 2 do anything to avoid
wearing it but, after I 3 moved away,
I missed it. I remember that we had '~_ _ _
wear a hat on Fridays and one week I ' _ _ __
walking arowld bare-headed and 6 the
headmistress saw me she was not impressed.
She called my parents in because of that! I
doubt if anyone here knows what a hat is!

38
 READING SKILLS
6 Read the extract. For questions 1-4, choose the
correct answer. For questions 5-8, choose true (T) or
I came to Poland in September 1991, over two false (F). (8 points)
decades ago now, and by the end of my second year
in Poland I had had quite a few adventures, The incident with the car happened
including nearly getting arrested just a month after a in September 1991.
I arrived. b before the end of 1991.
C in September 1992.
It happened one night after a party. It was quite
late, around one o'clock in the morning or so, and I d at the end of the author's second year in
was walking home by myself. I had been at a Poland.
birthday party for the sister of a friend of a friend of 2 The author was walking home because
mine and as my flat was not too far away - about a a he didn't have enough money for a taxi.
twenty-minute walk - I decided to walk home b his flat was quite close.
instead of spending money on a taxi, even though c the weather was good.
the night wasn't too warm. It was a nice walk along
d the roads were quiet.
quiet roads until, with a scream of tyres as it raced
around a corner, a car suddenly appeared ahead of 3 The author's Polish was
me. The car stopped next to me and the driver got a fluent.
out and ran away without a word; surprised, I b quite good.
simply stood there trying to decide what to do. c average.
_Uter a moment another car appeared: a police car, d not good .
also driving fast, chasing the flrSt one. The police
stopped behind the first car and one of the police 4 The box was
officers got out and told me to get into the back of a a working radio.
his car, which I did. b a broken radio.
:>Jow, I had only been in Poland for a few weeks at c a mobile phone.
this time and my Polish was not exactly fluent. In d something else.
fact I couldn't put two words together, so there was 5 The author knew the party host well. 0
not a chance I could understand the kind of fast 6 The car was going very fast. 0
questions the policeman was asking me. So every 7 The driver of the first car spoke
time he asked me a question, I answered with "I
don't speak Polish. Do you speak English?"
to the author. 0
Unfortunately, he didn't. However, after a moment 8 The author hopes for another
of this his partner took a small black box, like a lift some time. 0
large mobile phone, out of a bag and gave it to me.
_-I.t first I wasn't sure what it was - it was dark in the
car, after all- but when I looked closely I saw it had
COMMUNICATION
to be a radio as there was an antenna of some kind 7 Complete the dialogues with one word in
and several buttons and lights on it. Gratefully, I each gap. (7 points)
took the radio, thinking the policeman must want
me to speak to somebody at the station, probably A Will you please be quiet and let me do my
somebody who spoke English, and started to speak: work! I've got an exam tomorrow.
"Hello? Hello? Do you speak English? Hello?" Then B OK. As I as you promise to help me
the policeman showed me that the box was not for later.
speaking into but for blowing into ... oh dear! C I'm terribly sorry but could I 2-:--:-::-__
borrow your pen for a moment. Mine seems
In the end the policemen were very helpful. Once
to have run out.
they understood I was not the driver of the other
car they asked for my address and gave me a lift D Yes of eoW'se. Please , _ _ __
home, which took less time than walking and cost E Excuse me. Do you 4 if I miss this
less money than a taxi. "All the same though", I lecture? I have to go to the dentist.
thought as I went to bed, "next time I think I'll F Well, if you 5 , but make sure you

walk". copy the notes later.

G I'm sorry, but I was 6 if I could open
the window.
H I'm 7 , you can't. None of the
windows open on this train.

39
 What a disaster!
GRAMMAR
Future predictions
Willfor opinion-based predictions
We use will for predictions based on
• opinions:
I think that film will win the Oscar for best movie.
• beliefs:
I believe that people will live on other planets one day
• knowledge:
I know she won't be late because she never is.
Mightfor uncertain predictions
We use the modal verb might for predictions we are less
sure about:
He might win the Oscar for best actor.
She might not want to see a disaster film.
Note The modal verb may is also used for uncertain
predictions.
He may win =He might win.
Expressing degrees of certainty
We use adverbs of certainty, e.g. definitely, certainly,
probably, possibly to say how sure we are about
something in the future. They go
• between will and the main verb in positive sentences:
They'll definitely get married next year.
• before won 't in negative sentences:
They probably won't get married next year.
We can also use other phrases to express degrees of
certainty:
It's a long journey, they're sure to be hungry when they
arrive.
It's unlikely to snow at this time of the year.
1 Match the words and phrases with the level of
certainty.
possibly definitely certainly probably
likely unlikely sm e
100%
2 75%
3 50%
4 25%
40
2 Use the prompts to write predictions, choosing
the correct adverb of certainty from each pair of
alternatives.
cars / not use petrol
(50%) (possibly / certainly)
Cars possibly won ' t use petrol.
international companies / be more powerful
than governments
(75%) (definitely /pro bably)
2 people / buy everything from the Internet
(50%) (possibly / probably)
3 robots / not do all the work in factories
( 100%) (definitely / possibly)
4 water / be as expensive as petrol
(75%) (possibly / likely)
5 everyone / work at home on computers
( 100%) (sure / probably)
6 people / not live to 150 years old
(75%) (certainly /probably)
7 we / control computers with our thoughts
(100%) (certainly /probably)
8 cars / drive themselves
(75%) (definitely /probably)
9 everyone / have a private plane
(50%) (probably / possibly)
3 Find the mistakes with the adverbs. Four sentences
are correct.
There will be more (probabl:;J disasters as the
climate changes.
The fire definitely started in the cellar.
2 With today's computers certainly we can
predict the weather better than in the past.
3 I'm not very confident about this exam but I'll
probably pass.
4 The weather forecast was good. It will
probably be warmer tomorrow.
5 They definitely won't be visiting at the
weekend.
6 Bayern Mwuch are to likely have problems
this season.
7 I won'tpefinitely work as hard as this next
year.
8 There is one thing which is sure to happen:
one day humans will maybe visit Mars.
 What a disaster!

4 Choose the correct alternatives. S Complete the captions. Use will (won't) or might (might not) and
the verbs in brackets.
Mrs Porter's heart is very ,'(,eak
and she is very ill. The doctors
are worried - they say she _ _
die soon.
a might
b won't
c will
2 Let's not take the children to the
science musewn - 1 think they
probably _ _ enjoy it.
a won't
b will
c may not
3 Scientists are certain that the sea
level rise in the next 200
years. p~trol""" ,,.trol
a might
b may
c will
'Don't do that! They 2 'They probably _ _
4 You'd better drive more carefully _ _ " (explode) when they grow up!' (get
or you _ _ have an accident. married)
a may
b won't
c might not
5 Do you think aliens _ _ visit
us one day?
a won't
b might
c might not
6 He visit me in the summer
but he hasn't decided yet.
a will
b might
c won't
7 1 don't feel too good so 1 _ _
be at the party tonight.
a 'll probably
3 'Well, he _ _ as friendly 4 'I think Spot _ _
b won't probably as he looks!' (be) probably _ _ to see you
c probably won't again.' (want).
8 Look very carefully at the sky
tonight. You _ _ be lucky and
see a meteor shower.
a may
b won't
c will
9 There are problems with
the spaceship's door so the
astronauts _ _ do a space
walk on this voyage.
a will definitely
b probably won't
C will certainly
10 1 know the 2016 Olympics _ _
in Beijing' They were there in
2008'
a won't be 5 'Well, you never know, 6 'Whatever happens, 1
b will possibly be it _ _ !' (rain) definitely _ _ late this
c might be tirne.' (be).
 SPEAKING GRAMMAR
1 IiEI Put the presentation in the correct order. Then listen
to check. Future forms
Staying safe in Dangerous Situations 1 Will
We use will for decisions made at the moment
lAD we speak.
Secondly, focus on small steps. Don't think about how to get • offers;
out of the building; think about how to get to the end of I'll help you.
t he corridor. Then go on to the next step. That will keep you • promises:
positive and stop you thinking that it's all impossible. Finally, I won't lie to you again.
think carefully about your decisions. It's usually better to take
a moment longer to think than to risk making a bad decision.
• threats:
I'll give all your clothes to charity if you don't
tidy your room.
• spontaneous decisions:
One of the biggest problems - perhaps the biggest problem I think I'll make myself some coffee.
and the biggest danger - for people in dangerous situations
is that they lose their heads and panic. But there are several 2 Present Continuous
ways you can prevent this. We use the Present Continuous to talk about
definite plans for the future.
• appointments:
To sum up, staying safe in dangerous situations is all about I'm seeing the dentist at three o'clock
staying calm, not panicking and making the right decisions. tomorrow.
If you can do that, you'll have a good chance of getting • meetings/arrangements:
through it safely. Are you playing tennis at the weekend?
• events:
I1lIJ The play's starting in five minutes, please
take your seats.
Firstly, whatever the situation, take a moment to remember
where you are and what your goal is. For example, if you're Note: With the verbs come and go, we often use
trapped in a building by a fire then think about where you are the Present Continuous instead of be going to to
in the building - which floor, where the stairs are and so on - avoid confUSion or repetition.
and where you need to go to get outside. The preSident's coming @eiA@ le eell'te to our
town next week.
m The spaceship is going leiJ6 to Mars.
Good morning. I'd like to begin by making the point that
emergencies and dangerous situations happen to us all. In 3 be going to
fact, I've chosen this topic because I'm sure the advice I'm We use be going to to talk about ideas for the
going to give you will be useful to you sooner or later. future that we have thought about before, such
as
i
• plans:
2 IiEI Complete the presentation. Then listen to check. How are you going to celebrate the end of
term? We're going to have a big party.
I'd like to be-ain by introducing myself: my name's
Ed Lambert and I teach people how to m ake
• intentions:
I'm going to finish all my work before the
pr esentati ons. Today, I'm going to give you some tips
weekend.
on h ow to be a confident public speaker.
' _ _ , it is impor t ant to plan your presentation. • ambitions:
My advice is to wri te single wor ds or phrases on
When I leave school, I'm going to work abroad
small cards so you can glance at them while you
for a year.
are speaking. ' _ _ , practise your presentation We also use be going to to talk about predictions
out loud at home and get some feedback from your based on evidence that we can see, hear or feel.
family or friends. They've turned the lights off, let's hurry, the film
' _ _ _ _ to the big day, remember to look at is going to start.
your audience and to speak slowly and clearl y. Be Oh dear, I think I'm going to cry!
confident - the ' _ _ _ _ , you've got your cards
if you forget what you wanted to say.
To 5 _ _ up: preparation is the key to success,
communicate with your audience. And 6_ _ but
not _ _ , take two or three calm, deep breaths
before you start - it makes all the difference!
Now, any questions?
 Wha t a disaste r! ~
1 Choose the correct alternatives. 3 Complete the extracts from film scripts. Use will,
might or be going to and the correct forms of the
My uncle drives /('s going to drive) from verbs in brackets.
New York to San Francisco next summer.
Next weekend, I have / am having a party. 1 The Great Storm
2 My parents are going to / will buy me an
iPod for my birthday.
3 Look at that traffic jam! We are going to be /
'll be late.
4 I won't ring / 'm not ringing you unless
there is a problem.
5 'Ten people will come / are coming for
dinner tonight!' 'Don't get stressed out, I'll
help; 'm helping you cook.
6 'Here's a letter addressed to you.' 'Thanks,
I 'm going to; 'll read it later.' Scientist Mr President, sir! There is a massive
7 I've decided that I don't use; 'm not going storm over the Atlantic Ocean. It's
moving west and it '5 eoine to hit
to use my credit card for six months.
(hit) the coast!
a 'Promise me that you're not telling; won't
President Hnun. You know how fast it
tell her about it.' Sorry, I've already decided: [ is moving. When ' _ _ it _ _
meet; 'm going to meet her as soon as [ can
and I 'll tell; 'm going to tell her. (reach) us?
Scientist No later than midnight - and with
2 Complete the sentences with the correct future forms these wind speeds, it ' _ _ (be)
of the verbs in brackets. sooner, maybe 10 p.m.
President What do you think? How much
When are you eoine to do (do) the damage ' _ _ it _ _ (do)?
washing up?
Scientist J can't say exactly, but it ' _ _
I can't come this afternoon. I _ _ (see) probably _ _ (break) the sea
the doctor, I have an appointment at 3.00. defences. That means there
2 Can you lend me £10? I _ _ (give) it back ' _ _ (be) serious floods along the
to you as soon as I can. whole coast.
3 That pizza is half an hour late, I _ _ President Call the emergency services and
(pay) for it, not a chance. contact the radio and TV stations.
4 She _ _ (work) in the USA when she Scientist , _ _ you _ _ (speak) to the
leaves university. people, sir?
5 J told you, J _ _ (not waste) my time President Yes, J am.
talking to her when I can see she's not
interested.
6 The car's making a strange noise. I think it 2 The Titanic Story
_ _ (break down).
7 The phone's ringing. I _ _ (answer) it.
a Sue looks terrible, I think she _ _ (be)
sick.
9 Your bag looks very heavy - I _ _ (help)
you carry it to the car.
10 I promise I _ _ (do) my homework after
this programme.
11 This film is terrible! There must be
something better to do, or _ _ we really
_ _ (stay) to the end? Man This ship is the strongest in the
world - I believe it ' never
_ _ (sink).
Woman But look at that enormous iceberg!
' _ _ we _ _ (hit) it?
Man The captain knows his job, my dear.
Of course we ' _ _ (not hit) it!
Woman I hope you're right. I ' _ _ (feel)
happier when this trip is over'
Man You worry too much. I spoke to
the captain this morning and we
' _ _ be in New York in three days.
43
" Complete the dialogues with the correct future forms of the verbs
in the boxes.
READING
1 Read the texts quickly and choose the
correct alternatives.
The books describe
a positive visions of the future.
b negative visions of the future.
c a mix of positive and negative
visions.
2 The books were written
a recently.
b a long time ago.
c at different times.
3 Each text gives you _ _ the
book.
arrive do have leave meet fl6t.-be phone see
a a brief summary of
Dad Hello? b an opinion of
Holly Hi, Dad! It's me, Holly. I'm still at Manchester Station. c an academic review of
There is n't <;join<;j to be a train at 6 o'clock - they've
cancelled it. 2 IDI Read the texts again. Match
Dad Oh, dear. When's the next one? sentences a-g with gaps 1-6. There
HOlly All the trains are differe nt from the timetable today. is one extra sentence. Then listen to
According to the guard the next fast one 1_ _ in check.
two hours and 2_ _ in Glasgow at midnight. a However, his role in this future
Dad Get that one and I 3_ _ you at the station. is not to put out fires but to
Holly Thanks, Dad. start them.
Dad What ' _ _ you _ _ for two hours? b The novel ends without a clear
Holly Ithink I ' _ _ something to eat so don't worry about conclusion and the reader is
cooking for me. left to speculate on what will
Dad OK - I 6_ _ you at midnight. happen next.
Holly Bye, Dad. I ' _ _ you again if there are any more c He is successful - so successful
problems. that he is offered a job as a star
of the show.
d At the end of the book he has
been re-educated and has learnt
to love the masters he hated
before.
e There is , however, a lighter side
to the story.
When they reach this age they
must go to a Sleepshop to be
executed.
g Even the stranger who has
arrive catch eat get (x2) meet appeared among them does not
interest them.
Dad Hello, love! You look tired. I 8_ _ you a cup oftea.
Mum Thanks, I'm exhausted. Is Holly here?
Dad No, she isn't. She "_ _ later. Her train was
cancelled but she 10_ _ the next fast one, she's
already got another ticket.
Mum That's a nuisance. What time does it get here?
Dad Midnight.
Mum That's very late. Does she have any idea how she
11 here from the station?
Dad Don't worry, it's all arranged. I 12_ _ her.
Mum And what about dinner? Do you want to wait for her?
Dad No, it's OK. She 13_ _ something before she gets
the train.
 o
_s..»
..~..
~, ~
11
_. ~
...
......, ..
.....
9 WWW1.scifi.orW1e ,CO.uk

CLASSIC SC;IENCE FICTION TITLES

The Time Machine follows the adventures of an

inventor and scientist who invents a machine
for travelling forwards and backwards through
time. Travelling to the future, he meets the Eloi,
apeaceful and happy people who seem to have
everything they need but have no curiosity
or interest in anything. I He
later learns that the Eloi are not alone: under
the ground live the Morlocks whose machinery
makes the Eloi's comfortable life possible but
who use the Eloi as food. With sadness, the Time Traveller understands
that humans have becorne two species, both less intelligent, curious
and advanced than in hisown time.
The novel is set in the year 2116 and predicts
a society of luxury and leisure - but with a
dark side: the government has decided that
there is amaximum age of 21 years for every
person. 4 The book's hero
- or antihero - is logan 3. He is aSandman,
an agent whose job it is to catch people who
attempt to escape their execution by running
away ('Runners'). When logan 3 reaches 21
he breaks the law, becoming a Runner and
escapes the city with his partner Jessica 6. The book ends with logan
and Jessica escaping to the legendary'Sanctuary: which turns out to be
aspace colony near Mars where they can both be free.

B
E
Nineteen Eighty Four foresees agrey, controlled
Britain where everyone lives in fear. The
country, now part of Oceania, is run by the
Party and an imaginary leader, Big Brother,
watches people all the time. The Party rewrites
history and tries to control every aspect of
people's lives, including what they think. The
central character, Winston Smith, commits
thought-crimes because he keeps a secret
diary and falls in love with a woman called
Julia. He is arrested and taken to Room 101 where he is tortured until
he loses his individuality. 2_ _ _ __
F Oryx and (rake by Margaret Atwood (2003)
The Running Man is set in the year 2025 and describes a future
society in economic collapse and dominated by violence. In the
book the hero, Ben Richards, is an honest and peaceful man who
needs money to buy medicine for his sick daughter. He agrees
to take part in a highly violent game show called The Running
Man' where he will win money for every day he can stay alive.
5 Richards accepts the offer but tricks the producers,
using aplane to destroy the show's producer's headquarters and end the
game show so no one else will have to take part in it.

This book gives a terrible warning of what the

Fahrenheit 451 depicts abrutal totalitarian future world where violence
is normal and reading illegal books is aserious crime.The book tells the
story of Guy Montag, who is afireman. 3 Afireman's
job is to find illegal books (and most books are illegal) and burn them,
which explains the book's title: 451" Fahrenheit is the temperature at
which paper burns, according to the author. Montag starts to read the
books he should burn, becoming a criminal and having to hide from
his ex-colleagues. The story ends with war and the country, just like
Montag's books, burning.
future may be like if we do not do something
now about problems such as global warming
and social divisions between rich and poor.
Genetically engineered animals supply food
and the important people live in high-tech,
luxury homes with controlled climates while
the poor and uneducated live in dangerous,
decaying areas. 6_ __ __

3 Match the statements with the correct extract(s).

These stories describe societies divided into two different groups.
2 The government in these societies is a dictatorship.
3 These novels describe characters who break the law.
4 In these novels there is a comfortable life for some characters.
5 These novels describe societies where violence is everywhere.
6 In these novels knowledge is dangerous. _
7 These novels describe characters whose beliefs change.
8 These novels have positive endings.
45
 WORD LIST VOCABULARY
Ecology and the Natural disasters 1 Complete the gaps with words from the Word List.
environment ash
acid rain block out (sunlight) Verb Noun Adjective
become extinct deadly (adj) charity charitable
bottled drink destroy adapt adaptor
break down disappear 2 change changeable
climate change drought
dust 3 destruction destructive
consume
container earthquake 4 - disastrous
contaminated emergency services 5 dispose disposal
disposable epidemic 6 explode explosive
eco-home erupt 7 - extinction
ecologist flood (n)
8 poison poisonous
ecology food shortage
endangered species forest fire 9 renew renewal
energy source hurricane 10 - volcano
environment influenza
greenhouse gas meteor 2 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of
harmful molten lava words from Exercise 1.
in danger of extinction mud The Red Cross is one of the most famous
low-energy light bulb (natural) disaster charities in the world.
oil/gas platform put out
plastiC carrier bag Richter scale In the future _ _ energy sources like the
poison (v) tsunami sun and the wind will be more important.
recycle virus 2 The _ _ of our rubbish is becoming a
recycling bin volcanic eruption bigger and bigger problem.
renewable energy volcano 3 Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are j ust
reuse wipe out two examples of natural _ _ .
rubbish dump 4 The weather in the UK in the spring is very .
sewer Other
adaptable _ _ - you never know what to expect.
solar power
sort rubbish century 5 When the bomb went off the
tap water come across destroyed windows right down the street.
throwaway cope with/deal with 6 As climate changes become more extreme
toxic waste decade and the world changes dramatically, only the
vegetarian (adj) discover most _ _ species will survive.
electrical appliance 7 The World Wildlife Fund is a charity which
The natural world end/finish up tries to save animals from
albatross exhibition centre
chick explore 8 Acid rain is a deadly _ _ for trees and
cloud explosion plants, making them sick and eventually
cockroach factory killing them.
dolphin fall out of fashion 9 The of the rainforests is one of the
Earth fund-raising most serious problems facing us.
feed get rid of/discard
human race getthrough 3 Choose the odd-one-out.
in sb's lifetime head for earthquake [climate]
land (n) jumble sale
volcanic eruption tsunami
ocean last (v)
polar bear leisure harmful rare
rainforest look into toxic deadly
rare (speCies) make up/comprise 2 influenza HN
river pedestrian mud Sars
(river) bank raise money 3 drought forest fire
sea school trip/excursion hurricane disaster
species second-hand
sip (v) 4 species molten lava
stream
sunlight take over mud ash
turtle 5 explos ion exhibition
undersea eruption epidemic
wave (n) 6 ocean river
whale wave drought
wildlife 7 discard reuse
wind (n) recycle disappear
world
46
 What a disaster!

4 Match the two parts of the sentences. Extend your vocabulary

The cloud of ash from the volcanic eruption
1 Study the weather words and tick those which can
blocked rn put human life in danger.
If we don't change the way we live in the
developed world, we're heading 0 blizzard: a storm with lots of snow and wind o
2 Sometimes helicopters are used to put 0 breeze: a gentle pleasant wind o
3 Fortunately, very large and petrol-hungry cars
have fallen
downpour: a short period of very heavy rain o
0 drizzle: light rain with very small drops of
4 People throw 0 water o
5 If a meteorite hits the Earth, it will probably flood: a very large amount of water
wipe 0 covering an area which is normally dry 0
out most living things.
heatwave: a period of unusually hot weather 0
a hurricane: a violent storm with very high winds 0
b out of fashlon recently. shower: a short period of light rain o
c out forest fires. sleet: a mix of rain and snow o
d away large amounts of plastic packaging every day. snowdrift: a wall of snow formed by the wind o
e for disaster.
f out the sun.
2 Complete the captions with words from Exercise 1.
5 Choose the correct alternatives to complete the texts.
d is a viral infection. The flu 1_ _ whlch caused
the global 1918 2_ _ was 25 times more deadly than
normal and it caused more deaths than the First
World War.
a marathon c humanity
b headache d influenza
a virus c toxic
b chemical d wave
2 a impact c epidemic
b disaster d eruption
1 Large parts of the city of New Orleans were
The consequences of a massive 3_ _ could be
destroyed when a _ _ hit it in 2005.
disastrous for the ' __ . For example, a cloud of
ash could ' __ the sun and the molten lava would
destroy everything in its path.
3 a forest fire c greenhouse gas
b tsunami d volcanic eruption
4 a terrorists c human race
b scientists d mass migration
5 a block out c put out
b head for d wipe out
It is possible that one day a 6_ _ will strike the
Earth. However, a bigger 7_ _ to the world may
be greenhouse gases and mass migration as rising sea
levels cause 8_ _ and force people to move. 2 New York's most famous _ __ was in
1888. Heavy snow and strong winds made
6 a volcanic eruption c tsunami snowdrifts of more than 10 metres high.
b meteor d solar power
7 a waste C dust
b disaster d danger
8 a floods c droughts
b clouds d extinction
Tsunamis - or very large 9_ _ - are caused by
10 under the sea. The word 'tsunami' comes from
Japanese, a country that regularly has to
11 tsunamis.
9 a meteorites c droughts
b waves d river banks
3 In the summer of 2005, heavy _ _s caused
10 a floods c earthquakes _ _ s at the Glastonbwy music festival, and
bmud d hurricanes more than a hundred tents were washed away.
11 a put out c come across
b block out d deal with 47
 Animal magic
GRAMMAR 1 Match actions 1-6 with results a-I.
Write the Zero Conditional sentences
with if + it.
Zero, First and Second conditionals with if
look after a dog properly [[)
With all conditional sentences:
put oil on water 0
• One thing must happen (condition) before the second can happen
(result). 2 a bee stings you 0
• There are two clauses (parts): the if clause tells you the condition 3 crocodile loses a tooth 0
and the other part tells you the result. 4 predator pulls a lizard's tail 0
• Either clause can be first. We use a comma when the ifclause is 5 an ostrich is frightened 0
first. a die
• There can be a mix of positive and negative verbs in the two b put/head in the ground
clauses. c grow/a new one
We use the Zero Conditional (if condition and result: Present Simple) d fall off
to talk about conditions which are always true: e float
She always takes her dog to the beach if it's sunny f live/for about 12 years
00 dogs bark if they are frightened?
We use the First Conditional (if condition : Present Simple .... result: If ~o~ look after a gQe
will + infinitive) to talk about conditions that are possible or likely to WQi2erllio it Iive2 fQr al2Q~t 12
happen: ~
If we leave the dog alone all day, it will destroy the furniture.
If we buy you a cat, will you look after it?
We use the Second Conditional (ifcondition: Past Simple .... result: 2
would + infinitive) for unlikely or impossible situations in the present
or future: 3
I'd be surprised if my parents bought me a pet. They bath hate
animals. 4
If you went an a safari, where would you go?
Note If he were my san, I'd send him to college. = If he was my 5
san, I'd send him to college. but it's more formal. However, when the
function is to give advice, we normally use the fixed phrase, If I were
you, I'd .. . 2 Complete the sentences with the
Second Conditional forms of the verbs
in brackets.
Other conditional clauses
If I had (have) a million dollars,
• As soon as or when both mean 'at that time' . We use them for I'd never work (work) again.
conditions that are definitely going to happen: As soon as he If I (fall) in
arrives, we 'll have dinner. We'll have dinner when he arrives. love with you, _ _ you _ _
• As long as and provided that both mean 'if the condition is agreed (promise) to be true?
or met'. We use them to stress the condition on which something 2 _ _ you still _ _ Oove) me
happens: if I Oose) everything?
As long as you need me, I'll stay here.
You can get a dog provided (that) it sleeps in the kitchen. 3 If they (want) us to
help them, they (call)
• Unless is used instead of if + a negative statement. It means 'if the us.
condition doesn't happen or isn't met': 4 We (go) to the
Unless you turn off the light, the baby won 't sleep. Caribbean on holiday if we
____ (have) enough money.
Mind the trap! 5 If you (tell) me the
The First Conditional ifclause is about the future, but we end of the film, I (not
always use the Present Simple, not will. want) to watch it.
If we go away ... NOT If we Ivill gtJ Bv/BY ...
 Animal magic

3 Use the prompts below to write First or Second 5 Complete the conversation with Zero, First or Second
Conditional questions. Then correct.the mistake in Conditional sentences.
each answer. o
A What will you do if (not have)
time to finish your homework?
B If I didn't have time to finish my
homework, I'll ask my friend to help in the
morning.
2 A What (do) if a dog bit you?
B If a dog bit me, I'll go to the doctor's.
3 A What would you buy if someone
(give) you a million dollars?
B If someone gives me a million dollars, I'd
buy a brand new red Ferrari.
4 A If a Hollywood producer asked you to star
in a movie, what (say)?
B I'll say 'yes' if a Hollywood producer asked
me that!
5 A How (get) home if you miss the
last bus home?
B I would walk if I miss the last bus. Oh, please, Mum. Can I have a
Child
6 A How would you react if there dog?
(be) an elephant in the classroom? Mum No, you can't. If I bou'ijht (buy)
B Ifthere will be an elephant in the you a dog, you wouldn't take (not
classroom, I would give it a peanut! take) it for walks.
Child Oh, please, I promise. If you
4 Complete the second sentence so it has the same 1 (buy) me a dog,
meaning as the first. ____ (take) it for a walk
We'll go on holiday at the end of term. every day.
As soon as the term end5 we'll 'ijo on Mum No, you won't! I know you.
holiday. Shop assistant What about a cat? When you
If you don't work hard, you won't pass your 2 (have) a cat, you
exams. ___ _ (not have to take) it for
Uruess ___________________________ walks.
Child Can I have a cat?
2 You can have a pet if you promise to look Mum No, I'm sorry, you definitely can't
after it properly. have a cat. Uruess we 3--,-,,-----:-
Provided ___________________________ (keep) it indoors all the time, it
_____ (bring) dead birds home.
3 I'll go home and take the dog for a walk. Shop assistant What about a mouse? If you
As soon as _________________________ 4 (get) a mouse, it
___ _ (live) in a cage.
4 If our cat has somewhere warm to sleep, Mum Would it smell bad?
she's happy. Shop assistant No, they are easy to look after. If
Aslongas __________________________ you' (clean) a mouse's
cage regularly, it (not
5 You shouldn't get a big dog if you haven't got smell) bad.
a garden. Child Oh, please, Mum.
Uruess ___________________________
Mum OK, provided that you ',--_ _.
(promise) to look after it properly,
6 The dog whines if we leave it alone. I (buy) a mouse for you.
When ____________________________
Child I promise. Every day when I
7 (come) home from
school, I (feed) it and
____ (clean) the cage.
Mum As long as you do that, you can
have it. If you ever '-::-...,....-:-:-
(forget), I (bring) it
back to the shop. Do you
understand?
 LISTENING SPEAKING

I IiIlI Complete the conversation with words or

I IiEI Read questions 1-4. Then listen and choose the
best alternative.
The person is
a speaking in a school lesson
b taking part in a family discussion
c giving a presentation to an audience
d taking part in a radio programme
2 The speaker and the host
a don't know each other
b know each other a little
c have only met recently
d are old friends
3 The most popular pets for the audience are
a small dogs
b big dogs
c cats
d birds
4 The speaker and the host
a both own cats
b both own dogs
c own a dog (the host) and a cat (the
speaker)
d own a cat (the host) and a dog (the
speaker)
2 IiEI Listen again. Are the statements true (T) or
false (F)?
1 The audience is very large.
2 More than half of the audience own dogs.
3 Small dogs are popular with shy people.
4 One reason for owning a small dog is
how it looks.
5 Owners of big dogs are often not very
sociable.
6 Busy people often own cats.
7 Reptile owners travel a lot.
8 Owners of parrots are usually very
outgoing.
50
phrases from the box. Then listen to check.
ought shouldn't appreciate might find
if I were you at a loss worth ought not
a good idea remember
Martin Hello. I want to get a new pet -
something exotic - and I'd really
1 your advice. Do tarantulas
make good pets?
Vet Well, that depends. They are fascinating
animals and they don't need much
attention, but it's not 2 to
handle them too much, so you 3_ __
pick them up very much, for example.
Martin Are they easy to look after?
Vet Generally, yes. Tarantulas need a
good tank to live in but it's not ' _ __
buying one too big as they don't
need much space. 5 to make
sure the tank has a good strong lid -
tarantulas are very good at escaping!
You 6 to give the spider a place
to hide as well, you can buy something
from the pet shop for that.
Martin Are tarantulas dangerous?
Vet Not really. They bite sometimes if
they're frightened but they're not really
dangerous. You 7 it useful to
read a bit about tarantulas before you
buy one. There are a lot of books on
them.
Martin That's really interesting, thanks, but I'm
still not sure. It's a big decision ... To be
honest, I'm 8 as to what to do.
Vet Well, I can't tell you that! You •_ _ _
to make a decision without thinking
0 about it carefully, so 10 I'd go
0 home and have a think. If you're still
0 interested tomorrow then come back
and we'll talk some more .
0 2 Choose the incorrect word in each sentence.
0 I've no idea how finding a job.
0 2 I'm on my wits' end.
0 3 Where don't you look in the library?
4 I'm really appreciate your advice.
0 5 You might find this useful to plan it before
you start.
6 Remember to asking your parents first.
 Animal ma gic

WRITING I A for-and-against essay .

'Eating meat is wrong'. Write an essay giving
arguments for and against this statement and
state your own opinion.

'Eating meat is wrong'

- a f or-and-against essay
01---- Everyone agrees that we should be as humane towards
~----~~----~~~~~:
_
animals as possible and treat them well. 'However, not --
everyone agrees what this means in practical terms: is it
still humane to kill animals for food, or should people
stop eating meat and become vegetarians?

01---- Many people today are choosing to become vegetarians.

~f---- Firstly, they think that eating meat is wrong and that
killing animals for food is cruel. ' Secondly, producing
meat i s expensive: i t would be more efficient to feed
people the plant food instead of the meat. Furthermore,
many people believe that eating meat may be unhealthy .
The animals are at r i sk of illness because they live
close together so vets give them antibiotics which can
get into the i r meat.
Of--- On the other hand, 'many doctors say that meat is good for
us. If we want, we can buy healthy organic or free range
~f-- meat . IIn addition, we can see from the way our teeth and
stomachs are designed that it is natural for us to eat
meat. IFi nally, there is the argument of free choice : that
people should not be told what they can or can't eat.

cal---- what
In conclusion , although everybody shoul d be able to eat
they like, I believe that a vegetarian diet is
healthier, kinder to animal s and cheaper and will become
more popular in the future.rWith so many hungry people in
the world we should use our resources to feed everyone.

1 Read the essay question and the essay. Find two
arguments agreeing and two disagreeing with the opinion
in the question.
2 Match information 1- 8 with parts of the essay A- H.
Present the arguments supporting the
statement.
2 Use examples, quotes and authorities
to support points you make.
3 Explain why the issue is controversial.
4 Use linking words to introduce and sequence
each point.
5 Add your own opinion.
6 Start with a statement that most people can
agree with.
7 Present the arguments against the statement.
8 Provide a conclusion that pulls together both
sides of the argument.
3 Choose one of the statements 1-3. Write an essay
giving arguments for and against the statement,
and state your own opinion. Remember to:
• plan your essay and make notes before
you start.
• use a formal, controlled style.
0 • present your points logically.
• use linking words and phrases to connect
0 ideas.
0 'People should have to pass a test before
they can own a dog.'
0 2 'It is natural for humans to use animals for
0 food and clothing.'
3 'It is wrong to test medicines on animals.'
I&l
0
0
51
WORD LIST VOCABULARY
Animals Science/Nature 1 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the
amphibian allergic words in brackets.
bat aquarium
bee biologist There are no easy 50lution5 to the problem of
beetle biology over hunting wild animals. (solve)
butterfly blood Darwin's Theory of explains how
camel brain species change over time. (evolve)
chicken breeding programme 2 Global warming is still a topic for
chimpanzee cave many politicians. (controversy)
crab chemical (n)
crocodile evolution 3 The River Thames in London does not ---,-_ __
crow freeze these days, but it did in the past. (frozen)
dinosaur genetics 4 A well-trained dog should be to its
dolphin hole master. (obey)
eagle life form 5 Some wild animals can go from quiet and calm
eel microbe to angry and aggressive very quickly. Their
elephant pattern moods can be very and hard to
flea pest predict. (change)
fly primitive 6 The balance of nature is so we
fur prove shouldn't interfere too much. (complexity)
furry recreate
giraffe research (n) 7 Cats' expressions are extremely hard to interpret,
golden retriever rock (n) making them very pets. (intrigue)
gorilla scientific experiment 8 One of the reasons dolphins are so popular is
guinea pig single-celled organism that they are very . (playfuJness)
horse solution 9 The science of may help us to fight
insect solve many diseases. (genes)
jellyfish theory 10 Many people are to animal fur.
kangaroo trilobite (allergy)
kitten universe
lion vet 2 Number the animals from largest (1) to smallest (10).
mammal
mollusc Other bat 0 elephant [I]
mussel afford bee 0 flea 0
octopus ancestor butterfly 0 reindeer
changeable
0
owl crow 0 salmon 0
oyster complex eagle 0 worm
controversial 0
peacock
pet cool down 3 Put the animals from Exercise 3 in the correct places in
predator creature the picture.
primates fit (v)
rabbit flap (v)
rat guess (v)
raven hide away
reindeer intriguing
reptile irritable
salmon lick (v)
sea lion loveable
shark loyal
snail maze
snake miss (v)
spider naked
stork obedient
tabby cat playful
toad pOintless
turtle scratch (v)
vampire bat solitary
wing spray (v)
worm survivor
zebra train (v)
trick (n)
unique
whine
zookeeper
 Animal magic

" Choose the correct alternatives. 6 Write the correct adjectives from Exercise 5.
Bats and rats are both~ / winged
animals.
After a year at sea, penguins walk many miles
inland to their hunting / breeding grounds.
2 Rats and crows are both pets / pests for
farmers.
3 Wolves and bears are major predators /
pests of wild reindeer. loveable
4 Tarantulas are unique / solitary creatures.
5 The weather in mountainous areas is very
changeable / patterned.
6 Before I can write the article I need to
do some research / experiment.
7 Life on other planets is likely to be in
the form of microbes / primates.
8 It is possible to train / obey dolphins
as effectively as dogs.
j Match the adjectives with the definitions.
1 controversial D
2 naked D
3 playful D
4 unique D
5 intriguing D
6 pointless D
7 irritable D
8 loveable D
9 loyal D
10 obedient D
11 solitary D
15
a very interesting because it's strange Extend your vocabulary
or unusual
b supporting your friends, beliefs, country etc. 1 Complete the gaps with the correct nouns.
C always doing what you are told or what is
the rule or law biology
d without clothes 2 botany botanist
e provocative, not someone everybody 3 chemistry
agrees with 4 geology geologist
getting angry quickly, in a bad mood 5 physicist
g different from everybody else 6 psychology
h usually preferring to be alone 7 zoologist
without purpose or sense
2 Complete the sentences with words from Exercise 1.
j enjoys games and having fun
k friendly and attractive so easy to like Biol0'ilY is the study of all living things.
A studies animals and their
behaviour.
2 Maria Sklodowska Curie was a famous

3 The study of the world's rocks, earth and how

they have changed is _ _ __
4 Sigmund Freud is one of the fathers of
modern _ _ __
5 study flowers and plants.
6 Charles Darwin was a famous -:-_ _ _ who
studied the evolution of animals.

53
 SELF-ASSESSMENT TEST 3 I UNITS 5-6

3 Complete the second sentence so that it has

VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR a similar meaning to the first. Use the words
1 Complete the words with one letter in each in capital letters. (6 pOints)
gap. (6 points) My cat is no less friendly than my dog.
What could be done to stop a m ~ t ~ Q r AS
hitting the Earth? My cat is as friendly as my dog.
With no rain for six months, this is the worst It is certain that we won't be on time.
_ r _ _ g __ in living memory. DEFINITELY
2 The _ a _ _ h __ a __ measured 7. 1 on the We _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ on time.
Richter scale. 2 It is unlikely that he will help us.
3 The heavy rain caused __ 0 __ s in many WON'T
towns. He _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ help us.
4 A _ u _ _ i _ _ _ _ is approaching the coast 3 I'1l only join your organisation if you are
with winds of 200 k.p.h serious.
5 The volcano __ u ___ d yesterday forcing UNLESS
villagers to leave their homes. I _ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ _ you are
6 The __ u _ a _ _ started under the Pacific serious.
Ocean and sent tidal waves west to Japan and 4 I'1l buy you a dog but you must take it for
east to America. walks every day.
2 Complete the sentences with a word from the box LONG
in the correct form. (6 points) I'll buy you a dog _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __
take it for walks every day.
renewable wipe allergic I:leeeme 5 He can sleep in the house but you must wash
obedient consume cope him first.
If we're not careful, many places in the world THAT
will become deserts. He can sleep in the house
Sun, wind and wave power are all examples _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ him first.
of energy. 6 Immediately after I get up, the dog wants his
2 Changes in climate will cause many problems breakfast.
in the future and we don't know how we will AS
____ with them. The dog wants his breakfast
3 I took my dog on a training course and now ____________ up.
he's wonderfully . He does
everything I tell him! 4 Complete the sentences with the correct forms
4 I can't believe that dinosaurs could have of the verbs in brackets. (6 points)
been out by a meteorite. What would happen if a meteor fell (fall) in
5 We are more and more of the the sea?
world's oil every year. Sooner or later there When he (get) here, we'll start the
will be none left. party.
6 Does this dessert have nuts in it? I can't eat 2 If we (buy) you a pet, you'll have
nuts, I'm to them. to look after it.
3 If humans (be) more careful, this
planet would be much cleaner.
4 We probably (not develop) clean
energy any time soon because companies can
still get more profit from oil.
5 He (not escape). Look, you can see
two guards watching him.
6 Do you think that humans (live) in
peace one day?

54
5 Complete the text with the correct alternative.
• (6 points)
LISTENING SKILLS
6 _ Listen to eight people discussing the future.
Match the speakers (1-8) to the headings (a-i).
CC<AI' So."<A, ' There is one extra heading. (8 points)
~ 's lvte oJ college 7 L tbv<,1c ~c".l\·e u..ck~
a Scientists will think of something. 0
b",t ~w\·e ,cOt <At bcme <A"~ "'01;. n:""1c
I"'S 'x:uLJI,t <A ,xot 1'<At! Wb~ <A 1'<At. Lf L -
b I'm sure it will end suddenly. 0
0.. Ix:t) I.,.,t \NwLJ be scmcthU\.Cj t\.!..LC': LLt-c 0-
c The answer won't be found anywhere else. 0
JO<j 01' <A wt wt "'~ ''''othel' 'x:uLJbt <A 1'<At. d I definitely won't find out. 0
N"" be \tt~s b'<A t ct I"'s to 'i-V'- <A.I'C(,l>c<A. e Our children will definitely be richer
A,~"".e"tl~, vf I'<A ts '__ ke"t "" w~es <All than us. 0
M~, b,e~ 2_ _ cli',I"','I"j' L tolJ bun th<At We might not find alternatives in time. 0
3 b,vS "<At vS,,- t Ice"t v<, <A c<Age <All g We'll probably be alright but I'm not
M~ L " ..Ll '''' t»c\"',~'1! certain. 0
At\.~~o..~ Ot\,CI- t\.C\NS. L 4 _ _ \NOI-k. thh h We will definitely have to change. 0
S(),j'y\.tY\C/ - L Jot\.. 't b\.Oy... ~et. JCt\.f'-'1 Kf\..OIt.,.S The next generation will learn from our
tl,e """el-<; 0{' <A wtt' ' ' J b,e se<A <A'c<A tl,e~ mistakes. 0
5 I\.CCJ. scmeol'-c to bdr)
:S-ul'1 o.tuA
u\.

Aug(.lst. Lt's <A'tilt % ,xol'ce"t S(.ll·c so Iccep

'icV.\- t"u'-CjCI-$ o-ossed.. .
, _ _ L Jo ~d b,c P ' , L II lvllc v<, <A {{<At
<A\JOvc thc wtt' so b",t " ..Ll '''' gl·C<At.
tb,xo <All vS " dl <At lli,,}Jel-svt~!
Love
&:b,
,
COMMUNICATION
7 Complete the words in the text with one letter
in each space. (7 points)
'I'd like to 2. j; 1! r j; by explaining why I want to
talk about dogs. 1_ _ _ _ _ _ _ , and most
importantly, I've got a dog which I have had for
eight years now. He's intelligent and loving and,
in many ways, my best friend . ' ________ ,
I'd like to explain some of the problems as well
as the advantages of ownir,g a dog, as anyone
who is thinking of getting one should be aware
of these.
You 3_ _ _ , dogs need exercise, not just on
warm days but every day, morning and evening.
Even on a day like today I was up at 6 a.m. Brr.
Sorry. ' ___ _ _ was I? Oh yes. Exercise is vital
for dogs .
. .. 5_ _ _ _ _ _ on to my dog, Rex. He's an

a buy c would buy Alsatian, a big dog. When you buy a dog, you
b will buy @)bought need to train it, as a puppy. The 6_ _ _ _ _ is,
a were C will be
any dog can be dangerous if it isn't trained
b are d would be correctly at a young age ...
2 a get C would get ... Last but not 7_ _ _ __ , your dog can protect
b got d will get you from danger, barking or attacking people
3 aif c unless who try to hurt you ... '
b provided that d when
4 a will c would
b won't d might
5 a will definitely c probably won't
b will probably d definitely won't
6 a When cIf
b Unless d As long
 Nobody's penect
GRAMMAR

Reported statements
Direct speech Reported speech
Present Continuous Past Continuous
'I'm talking on the phone.' ---> He said (that) he was talking on the phone.
Present Simple Past Simple
'You need a dictionary.' ---> She said (that) he needed a dictionary. I
Past Simple Past Perfect
'I crashed my car.' ---> He told me (that) he had crashed his car.
Present Perfect Past Perfect
'I've survived!' ---> He said (that) he had survived. I
Past Perfect Past Perfect I
'She had gone to school.' ---> He told me (that) she had gone to school.
can could !
'I can't spell "school ".' ---> He said (that) he couldn't spell 'school'. i
must/have to had to
'We must tidy our rooms. ' ---> They said they had to tidy their rooms.
will would !
'I'll write the report now.' ---> She said (that) she would write the report then. "

be going to was/were going to

'I'm going away tomorrow.' ---> He said that he was going away the next day.

We can report or repeat someone's words with Reporting verbs

• direct speech: He said, 'My spelling isn't very good. ' Say, tell and reply are general reporting verbs. We can use
• reported speech: He said (that) his spelling wasn't very different, more accurate reporting verbs:
good. He admitted that he had crashed the car.
In reported speech the main verb moves 'back' one tense. The salesman claimed that the coffee was the best in the
We can leave out that in informal written language and world.
speech. The customer complained that her new TV wasn't
working.
Other changes The prisoner insisted that she was innocent.
Direct speech Reported speech I pointed out that I couldn 't be in two places at once.
Location here ---> there The students protested that the exam was too difficult.
this/these ---> that/those Sometimes we report the idea, not the exact words.
TIme now ---> then 'I'll drive you home. '---> She promised to drive me home.
references today ---> that day 'I can 't help you. ' ---> She refused to help me.
yesterday ---> the day before
last week ---> the week before Mind the trap!
tomorrow ---> the next/following
day After tell, always use the name/pronoun of the
person being spoken to:
a week/month! a week/month/
Sergeant Johnson told Captain Preston (that) he was
year ago ---> year before glad to be alive.
Pronouns I, we ---> he/she, they NOT Ser'fje8flt Jalmsafl tlJi'tl (that) he WB;'j glat/re be
t1/We;
Possessive my, our ---> his/her, their
adjectives 2 After said, never use the name/pronoun of the
person being spoken to:
Possessive mine, ours ---> his/hers, theirs Jeremy said (that) he had lost concentration.
pronouns NOT J'e.'fImy stilt/ her ,'th8t) he hat/lost C8fleefltffltiBfl.

56
 Nobody's perfect

1. Complete the sentences with the best alternatives. 2 Choose the appropriate reporting verbs to complete
the Reported speech.
'I haven't taken the money.'
She[claimed) / admitted that she hadn't
taken the money.
'I'll report the accident today.' He complained
/ promised that _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____

2 'We can't spell it because we haven't got a

She told me that she a car since 1990. dictionary.' She agreed / complained that _
a hadn't driven c didn't drive
b wasn't driving d wouldn't drive 3 'I learnt two hours ago that my sister has had
a baby.' He agreed / said that _ _ _ _ __

4 'Yes, you're right. The investigator has arrived

l now.' She explained / agreed that _ _ __

5 'And I think the inspector is going to the

airfield later today.' He admitted / added that

6 'No, I won't tell anyone about the accident

2 Felix complained that his brother ___ late for
evelything.
a is b was c would be d wasn't
yesterday.' She replied / admitted that ______
7 'It's not fair l Everyone makes mistakes.' He
claimed / protested that _ _ _ _ _ __ ~
and added / agreed _ _ _ __ _ _ __
8 'I won't be here tomorrow because I'm going
on a first aid course.' She claimed / _ _ __
explainedthat _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____
9 'Yes, I was the driver of the car in the
accident.' He admitted / claimed that ____~

3 They promised that they ___ tell her about 3 Sally and Rick are having an argument. Put the words
. the accident. into the correct order to make sentences .
a couldn't b wouldn't c would d can't

some / this / we / 1 told / shops / needed / you /

morning / from / things / the
I told you we needed some thin'iJs from the
4 He claimed that he ___ when 1 phoned him. shops this mornin'iJ.
a could study c wasn't studying as / kitchen / You / to clean / well / we needed
b was studying d had studied / said / the

2 promised / But / do / to / it / you

3 no / did / you / that I / insisted / Oh / it

4 coming / my / she / mother / to / was / visit /

Because / said

5 Sue protested t hat she ___ love Tony. 5 couldn't / I / I told / do / you / I / it / sorry / am
a did c can't b doesn't d didn't

57
 4 Choose the incorrect or unnecessary word in each 6 Read the rest of the police report and write the Direct
sentence. speech.
She [told] that he had to arrive at 9.00 am or . guard at the
he would fail his exam. Ms Delgardo spoke to th~ tra~n She
d of the twenty- hour Journey .
Pally claimed that she has sent the email the en Id man next to her was
explained that the 0, h had thought
day before. d d The guard repl~ed that e
2 We refused that pay for the hotel. ea . had been asleep. The young
the old man h man was her father
3 The teacher said us th at she couldn't finish woman explained that t e fore at the
the lesson early. d tha t he had died the day be d
an h guard wante
4 Dad agreed to takes us to town in his car. be inning of the journey. T e .
9 h hadn't reported l. t. She
5 The policeman explained that we got to stop to know why s e dn't told anyone because
at the crossing. dm'tt d that she ha
a 1. e 't wanted to leave the train. The
6 The doctor admitted to that he wasn't sure. she hadn t it was very strange
guard pointed out tha She added that
7 She was not happy but] pointed out that h dn't told anyone .
I had passed all the tests the last week. :~:th:~ebo~9ht the tickets for the journey
and hadn't wanted to waste the money.
S Read the telephone conversation and complete the
report.
Train guard Hi, I've got something to report. Ms Delgardo I'm sorry. but the old man next
Police officer Very well. I'll make some notes to me is dead.
while you tell me what has Train guard _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ _
happened.
2 Ms Delgardo _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ _
Train guard There's a woman on the train with
a dead body. She got on the train 3 Train guard ?

with her father yesterday, and he 4 Ms Delgardo _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ __

died about an hour later. She's just 5 Train guard _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ _
told me about it. 6 Ms Delgardo _ __ _ __ _ __ __
Police officer This has never happened before.
I'm not sure what to do. 7 Below are the final words said by some famous
Train guard We can go to the train together people before they died. Write the Reported speech.
and interview her. Famous last words
Police officer You're right -I'll be there in ten JM Barrie, British writer, '] can't sleep.'
minutes. He complained that he couldn't 5leep.
Captain Oates, British explorer to the
South Pole, ' I'm just going outside. ] may be
some time.' He told the others that
Transport police : I .
_ __ _ __ and that _ __ __ _
- nc~dent report
The train guard rang and told me he had 2 Dominique BouhoUl's, French grammar
50methin~ to report. I 1 expert, 'I'm dying 01' I'm going to die. Both
1 to d him that are correct.' He said t hat _ _ __ __
while he
there 3 The guard explained He pointed out t hat _ _ __ __
- - - - - - - - - -_ - He said she 3 Sir Wins ton Churchill, British prime minister,
- - - - - - - - - -- and that he 'I'm bored with it all.' He said that
she 6 later. He added that
that 7':---------- about it. I said 4 Errol Flynn, Hollywood actor, 'I've had a lot of
that 8 and I admitted
fun and I've enjoyed every minute of it.' He
told them that and that
that {) The guard said
promised I 10 . I agreed and 5 Lytton Strachey, British writer, 'If this is
dying, I don't think much of it.' He
complained that if that then

6 Nostradamus, French prophet and healer,

'Tomorrow, ] will no longer be here.' He
predicted that _ _ _ __ _

58
 Nobody's perfect

READING 3 Read the sentences. Are the

statements true (T) or false (F)?
1 Look at the text quickly and choose the best alternatives. 1 Fitzgerald was a graduate
1 The text is about F. Scott Fitzgerald's _ . of Princeton university. D
a work 2 He was sent to France to
b life fight in the war. D
c wife 3 Zelda was a successful
writer when they met. D
2 The text is to
4 Fitzgerald's first story had
a amuse you . some autobiographical
b advertise something. elements. D
c inform you. 5 The Great Gatsby was
inspired by Fitzgerald's
2 IillI Complete the text with sentences a-h. There is one extra time in New York. D
sentence. Then listen to check. 6 Fitzgerald and Zelda
a F. Scott Fitzgerald was an American novelist and short story moved to Europe before
writer. The Great Gatsby was
b With their good looks and wild lifestyle, the Fitzgeralds published. D
represented the 1920s jazz age. 7 Fitzgerald and Zelda
C In the following years, the Fitzgeralds travelled back and moved to Europe for
forth between Europe and the States several times. financial reasons. D
d Fitzgerald's problems were not over, however. 8 Fitzgerald started drinking
e Encouraged by the success of the story, Fitzgerald returned when he lost his job in
to St Paul and rewrote a novel he had started in the army. Hollywood. D
Zelda outlived him by eight years but died tragically in a fire 9 Fitzgerald and Zelda were
in the mental hospital where she was living. still married when he died. D
9 After he left the army in 1919 he moved to New York.
h While they were living there, Fitzgerald's greatest novel,
The Great Gatsby, was published.

F. Scott Fitzgerald
(1896-1940)

..JLHe was born in St Paul, Minnesota, and entered Princeton University

in 191 3. In 1917 he left before graduating to join the US Army. While
stationed in Alabama, he met and became engaged to Zelda Sayre who
also had ambitions to be a writer.
' _ _ He worked briefly that year for an advertising agency and, in the z
same year, he sold his first short story, Babes in the Woods. In the story, the o
heto, like Fitzgerald, goes to Princeton before joining the army (unlike <
m
Fitzgerald, the character gets sent to France to fight in the First World
War) and then works in advertising. 2 _ _ The novel, This Side o/Paradise,
.-
(j)
was published in 1920 and was an immediate success. --1
After a turbulent romance, Fitzgerald and Zelda Sayre married in 1920. (j)
Two years later they moved to Great Neck, New York. Living in this rich
community gave Fitzgerald a lot of material for his 1925 novel The Great
Gatsby. Although he was writing and publishing stories and novels, the
couple needed to live more cheaply so in 1924 they moved to Europe. , _ _
4 During one of these periods in the States he worked in Hollywood as a screenwriter and he
later returned ro take up a well-paid contract with a film studio. Despite his talents as a writer, he only
completed one film script before being sacked because of his problems with alcohol.
By the mid 1930s, he and Zelda were living separately because she was suffering from mental health
problems and living in a hospital. Although they never got divorced, he started a relationship with
a journalist and it was in her apartment that he died of a heart attack in 1940. , _ _
6_ _ They were both talented people and F. Scott Fi tzgerald is thought ro be one of the USA's finest
novelists. Sadly, they both had problems which some people think destroyed them and wasted their
talents.

59
 GRAMMAR
Reported questions and imperatives
In reported questions, we change:
• tenses in the same way as for reported speech.
• location, pronouns, time references etc.
Yes/No questions
We use if or whether to report Yes/No questions.
Direct speech
Have you met your new teacher?
Will you help me with my homework?
Can I listen to your iPod?
Is there a train at 3 p.m.?
The verb inquire is used in formal language and means to ask for information. It can be used to report both Yes/No and
Wh- questions.
Wh- questions
Direct speech
Where have you been?
Wllen does your class fini sh?
When does the next train leave?
Imperatives
To report an imperative:
• use the past tense of the reporting verb: I told him ... She asked me ...
• use to + infinitive for the reported imperative.
• change location, pronouns, time references etc.
Direct speech
Listen to me!
Don't open the door now!
1 Read the conversation and write the reported speech.
Careers advisor Do you want to go to
university?
She asked me if I wanted to ",0 to
university.
Leo Yes, I do.
I replied that _______________________
2 Careers advisor Have you thought about what
sort of job you want?
She asked me whether ________________
3 Leo Yes. I'm interested in animals and I want
to work in a zoo.
I explained that _____________________
4 Careers advisor Which subjects are you
studying?
She asked me ______________________
5 Leo I'm doing biology, zoology and chemistry.
I explained that _____________________
60
In reported questions, we don't use:
• question word order.
• the auxiliary do or a question mark.
Reported speech
--> He asked if I had met my new teacher.
--> She asked whether I would help her with her homework.
--> He asked if he could listen to my iPod.
--> He inquired whether there was a train at 3 p.m.
Reported speech
--> She asked me where I had been.
--> She asked me when my class finished.
--> He inquired when the next train left.
Reported speech
--> She told me to listen to her.
--> She asked me not to open the door then.
6 Careers advisor OK. Have you had any
experience working with animals?
Then she asked if _________________
7 Leo Yes, I worked as a volunteer in an animal
rescue centre last summer.
I explained that ___________________
8 Careers advisor Right. Which university
do you want to go to?
She wanted to know _______________
9 Leo I don't know. Can you tell me which ones
do zoology, please?
I admitted that ___________________
and asked _______________________
10 Careers advisor I'll find out and ['11 send
you the information. Give me your email
address.
She promised to ___________________
Then she tol d _____________________
SPEAKING
1 Look at the photos of people in different situations at work 3 Match the notes below to the sections of the
and decide if the statements are true of Photo A (A), Photo description.
B (B), both photos (C) or neither photo (D).
• Using present perfect to talk about
1 The people are all celebrating. 0 events/actions just before the photo
2 Not everybody is happy with the situation. 0 was taken 0
3 The people are all paying attention to • Saying what is similar in the photos 0
each other. 0 • Using present tenses to talk about
4 The people are dressed casually. 0 events/actions in the photo 0
• Talking about each photo separately D
2 IiIiI Complete the description below using the phrases in • Speculating D
the box. Then listen to check.
• Talking about different parts of
must possibly while Unlike Turning to the photo D
looks like on the left looks In the centre • Saying what is different in the photos D
[n the background the bottom of a lot in common

The photos have I : both show people at work and both

show people using computers.
However, in the photo on the left we can see one of the people is not
pleased with something, 2 in the photo on the right
everyone looks happy.
In the photo on the right there is a group of people smiling and
celebrating. 3 of the picture there is a lady who has been
working on the computer and there are three men and one woman
behind her who look very pleased. All of them are smiling and the
lady in the middle, with dark hail', • she can't believe
what she can see. The people are all dressed smartly so they are
5 office workers at work.
@----- 6 the other photo, we can see some different emotions.
_ _ ___ in the first photo, the people here are doing different
things and we can see that they are not celebrating. At 8,_ _ _ __
the picture there is a desk and 9 there is a lady working
at a computer. She looks busy and is not paying attention to anybody
4J)-- else. 10 of the picture there is a clock on the wall and
two people. One of the people, a man, is pointing at the clock and
II annoyed with a lady in a white suit, who has probably
arrived late for work. The man 12 be the lady's boss and is
very unhappy with her. The contrast with the first photo is very clear.

61
 WORD LIST VOCABULARY
Work geUcomplete a degree 1 Complete the gaps with words from the Word List.
actress graduate
Verb Noun (person)
ambition homework
apply for a job honours degrea inspect inspector
babysitting leave school guard
boss miSS/skip classes 2 assist
business pass (an exam) 3 advise
car mechanic pay attention 4 act (female)
career play truant
sit an exam 5 graduate
career opportunities
careers advisor student 6 instruct
clock in subject 7 applicant
company take a year out 8 cook
cook (n) term
driving instructor 2 Complete the sentences with words from Exercise 1.
earn one's living Other
accelerator This food is wonderful! I never knew you
employ were such a good cook!
experience (n) accident
factory add To from university you have to
fellow worker/workmate admit study hard and pass all your exams.
hairdresser agree 2 Katharine Hepburn won the Oscar for Best
health and safety ashamed four times - a record.
in charge of sth astronomer 3 I wish I could drive but I can't afford to pay
industry astronomy a driving for lessons.
inexperienced attitude 4 The police examined the room
inspector banker carefully for clues.
job centre be in control
5 I saw a great j ob advert in the paper and
long hours chairman
I'm going to for the j ob tomorrow
lose a job claim
morning.
make money complain
deal with 6 The security caught the thief
manager before he could escape.
odd jobs explain
fail to do sth 7 Before you decide what to do you should
on time speak to your careers
out of work fall (n)
fork-lift truck 8 I needed help but there were no shop
overqualified
have sth in common anywhere.
overtime
part-time/full-time job hit the brakes
huge 3 Match each pair of words to the correct definitions.
pay (n)
permanenUtemporary job hurt (adD resign / be sacked
position impressed a decide to leave your job
promote interview (v)
b lose your job because you clid something
resign investigate
wrong
responsible for irritated
learner driver 2 on time / overtime
sack (v) a not early and not late
security guard load (v)
lose control of b working past your normal finish time
shop assistant
take time off make a mistake 3 odd jobs / out of work
unemployed make out a not having a j ob
wages point out b small things which we need to do, usually
worker pride around the house and garden
working hours promise 4 in charge of / responsible for
protest
reply (v) a you are the boss
Education
board (n) speed (n) b the results from a j ob or a project will be
class stopwatch your success or failure
drop out of (university) strategy game 5 take time off / unemployed
end-of-term exams surprised a be without a j ob
enrol at university surrounded b have a break from your job
essay take sb's advice 6 part-time job / temporary job
(exam) candidate take sth seriously a a j ob where you do not work all of the
expel threaten usual working day or week
front row b a job which lasts only for a limit ed time
(days, weeks or months)
6Z
 Nobody's perfect

" Match the two parts of the sentences. 6 Choose the best alternatives.
1 All you need is a stable job where you We were all very[impressed) / ashamed by
can earn a D his confidence before the exam.
2 If I were you, I would take D She admitted / claimed that she was a well-
3 If you take that job, you're making D known actress, but it wasn't true.
4 Wear a smart suit so they will take D 2 She had to deal with / take advice the
5 In that job you'll make D problem first thing in the morning.
6 There were so many voices in the 3 I replied / pointed out what problems we
room it was hard to make out D had the last time we organised a conference.
a a mistake, you'll be sorry. 4 The crowd marched through town to protest
b money for sure. / threaten against the government's reforms.
c what you were saying. 5 He has a very positive behaviour / attitude
d living and do something useful. towards his work.
e her advice, she knows what she's talking 6 The meal was so bad I had to complain /
about. threaten.
you seriously. 7 We were going faster and faster and I couldn't
slow down. There must have been a problem
£> Complete the text with the correct forms of the verbs with the accelerator / brakes.
from the box. 8 The boy had caused too many problems so
the headmaster decided to expel/sack him
drop out leave pass pay j3lay start
from the sch ool.
skip take

Extend your vocabulary

_.
~Z Your
I Study the phrasal verbs with up and complete the
sentences.

break up (1) to end a marriage or relationship,

career (2) the separation of a group, organisation, country

into smaller parts
drink up to drink something quickly for a reason,

~Z starts e.g. you have to leave

hang up to finish a phone call
line up to stand waiting one behind lbe other in
a queue or line
now mess up to spoil or ruin something important
own up to admit that you have done somelbing
Ifs never too early to consider your career .. wrong
especially when bad decisions today can affect pull up to stop (e.g. car/bus)
your career for years in the future . Remembec split up (1) to end a relationship (2) to divide a group
into smaller groups
what you do in school is a part of your record
turn up (1) to arrive somewhere when you aren't
that employers can see and that tells them expected (2) to look for something and find it
something about you. Imagine you are looking
for somebody for your company. Will a person Their marriage broke up after twenty-three
who ~ truant in school come to work years.
every day? Will a person who ' ____ The teacher the two naughty boys
classes regularly in school work hard all day in the class because they were behaving so
long? An employer will look for somebody who badly.
2 attention to important information 2 We outside the concert hall for
at school and who was able to prepare for and three hours but it was worth it because we

~z
got the best seats in the end.
3 his or her exams. Most of all.
3 My uncle always at the front door
employers are looking for people who are able
when it's time for a meal.
to finish what they start - so once you 4. _ __
4 I arrived at the bus stop as the bus _ _ __
it's not a good idea to 5 of university luckily.
before you graduate. On the other hand. it can 5 I my driving test - I drove through
be a good idea to 5 some time off

~z
a red light!
between 7 school or university and 6 We all had to stay in the classroom until the
starting work - so long as you do something thief - - -
useful with your time. 7 The detectives some interesting
evidence when they searched the house.
63
 Getting aw-ay
GRAMMAR

The Passive
Passive tense to be Past Participle
Present Simple Dinner is/isn 't served on the terrace.
Present Continuous Guests are being/aren 't being driven to the airport today.
Past Simple The hotel was/wasn't built in 2004.
Past Continuous The rooms were being/weren 't being cleaned when the inspector arrived.
Present Perfect The pool has been/hasn't been filled this summer.
Future with will Your luggage will be/won't be collected before 9 a.m.

Passive verb tenses ha ve the same uses as active tenses.

We use the Passive wh en
• the action is more important than the person or thing which does the action: The ice hotel is rebuiff every year.
• we don't know who does/did the action: A passport has been taken from the manager's office.
• we need to describe a process: First, the blocks of ice are cut and then they are used to make the walls.
• we want to be formaI: You will be met at the airport by our representative.
We use by to say who or what did the action , when this fact is important:
Stansted Airport was designed by Norman Foster, one of Britain's top architects.
YeslNo and Wh- questions
Is this hotel mentioned in any guidebooks? Yes, it is.
Was the television in your room repaired? No, it wasn 't.
Why have all the kitchen staff been sacked?
When wil/ the first reservations be accepted?

1 Choose the correct alternative.

The Wigwam Motel, Arizona _ of Native
American tents.
a is making c were made
b is made d has been made
2 The motel _ by the Lewis family in the
1950s.
a has been started C is being started
b was started d started
3 Today, the motel _ by members of the same
family.
a is managed c will be managed 2 Complete the sentences with the correct passive
b was managed d has been managed forms of the verbs in brackets.
4 The wigwams _ from cloth or animal skins. The Tree House Hotel ;5 be;n~ built (build)
a aren't being made c isn't made in a forest in Scotland.
b hadn't been made d aren't made The hotel (design) by a Brazilian
5 Between the 1930s and 50s, several wigwam architect.
motels ill the US. 2 The rooms (link) by 10 metre high
a are being built c were built walkviays between the trees.
b hadn't been built d will be built 3 The guests' meals (deliver) in bags
which they will pull into the tree.
4 Reservations (not accept) at the
moment because the rooms won't be ready
for two years.
 Getting away

3 Look at the notes and write passive sentences about
the three tourist attractions in Britain.
J., ,~l J li~
ij " ,lldl " ~
GLASTONBURY MUSIC FESTIVAL
The bi9gen- 9reell-field opell-air
mV5ic alld arlJ ten-ival ill the world.
• ,tarted: 1Q70
• fir,t oame: Piltoo Fe,tival
• oext year: over 250,000 people
" Change the sentences from active to passive.
We take breakfast to the guests' rooms.
Breakfast is taken to the <;juests' rooms.
We aren't going to fill the swimming pool this
year.
2 We'll clean the bedrooms next week.
3 No one carried the guest's bags to her room.
4 Someone has just seen a mouse in the kitchen!
5 The hotel doesn't accept credit cards.

5 Complete the text with the correct passive forms of

THE COWAL tIlGHLAND GAMES the verbs in the box.
The bi9gen-traditiollal9ame5 base film make manage not make show
meetill9 ill ScotJalld. support use write (x3)
• age: huodred, of year,
Fawlty Towers is one of British TV's most
• locatioo: Duoooo, 5cotlaod
famous comedies. The progranune was made in
• ,pectator,: up to 20,000 the 1970s and the script I by husband
and wife team, John Cleese and Connie Booth.
THE GLOBE THEATRE Although only twelve
episodes ' _ _ _ _
Shake5peare'5 theatre ill LOlldo ll . more than 30 years ago, ,
• built: 15QQ many of the lines from
the show 3 still
• fire: 1"13 duri09 a performaoce of as part of everyday
'Heory the Ei9hth' language. More episodes
• rebuilt: 1Qn 4 because the
writers did not want
the idea to get tired
and boring.
The idea for the
organise / the first time / 1970
progranune came from
Glastonbury festival was or<;janised for the reality and the scripts
first time in 1970. 5 on a real
call / Pilton festival experience the couple
In the beginning _ _ _ __ _ _ __ had had when they
2 the festival/watch / 250,000 people stayed at a terrible
Next year it is possible that _ _ _ _ __ hotel with a bad-
3 play / hundreds of years tempered manager.
The Cowal Games _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ They realised they had
4 organise / Dunoon in Scotland found a great situation for a comedy: the best
The Games _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ hotel managers are friendly, patient and polite
5 often / watch / up to 20,000 spectators but their imaginary hotel 6 by an
The Games _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ aggressive, impatient, rude man called Basil
Fawlty, who sees faults in everybody but himself.
6 build / 1599 In the series this central character 7 by
The original Globe Theatre _ _ _ _ __ several others including his bossy wife Sybil and
7 destroy / fire / during a performance /1613 a waiter called Manuel, who comes from Spain
The theatre _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ and whose English is rather poor.
8 performed / 1997 The series B many times on TV and
Plays _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ despite being so old, it still attracts new fans.
A lot of good comedies 9 since 1975
but some people believe that nothing as funny
10_ _ _ _ ever again.

65
 SPEAKING LISTENING

eace and quiet • beautiful viewS

P d clean air. £90 /we ek
fresh an
hon'l €
,'LO Km from~ t ,,"ote r
t oi\et, nO 0
o ne

1 ID listen to the airport announcement and

complete the board with the correct information for
each flight.

Flight No. From Landing time Status

LO 344 13.35 delayed

BA 162 13.52 on time

SA 183 Cape Town 14.06 3

---
1 look at the information. Are the statements true (T) or
AF 225 Paris cancelled
false (F)?
1 The hotel is less than half as far from BA 168 Moscow 14.33
home as the campsite. 0
2 The campsite is not as expensive
as the hotel. 0 2 . . listen to the conversation and the airport safety
3 The campsite is much less comfortable announcement. Are the statements true (T) or false (F)?
than the hotel. 0 1 The weather is bad at the airport. 0
4 The hotel is almost eight times
as expensive as the campsite. 0 2 The family's flight is delayed . 0
3 Most flights are on time. 0
2 ID listen to the dialogue and complete the gaps 4 There will be regular information
with the words from the box. for passengers. 0
5 Passengers must keep their baggage
far along as (x2) more half times rule with them at all times. 0
This looks really good to me, much _-,-__ 6 You can check your bags in an hour
comfortable and not much more expensive ... before the flight leaves. 0
2 It's nearly ten as expensive! Really, 7 Parents should take their children
it's too expensive. to the information point. 0
3 And think about the travelling as well - the 8 There are a lot of people waiting
hotel is only of the distance from to check in. 0
here compared to the campsite.
4 All right, you don't want to go camping, no
problem, we can that out.
5 Something not as basic camping
but not as expensive the hotel?
OK, I'm happy to go with that.
66
 Getting away

WRITING I A description of a place . -

1 Read the text and match notes A- F with
paragraphs 1-5. There is one extra note.

CAPITAL CITY TRAVEL (;tIIIlES

SPOTLIGHT ON

LONDO
l1:Rl London is a big, busy, cosmopolitan city on the River Thames in
south east England. It is the capital city and has more than twelve million
inhabitants from all corners of the world.
[ZIJ The history of London goes back thousands of years to when the first
inhabitants made their homes next to the river. After the Great Fire of
London in 1666, most of the city had to be rebuilt and a lot of famous
buildings, for example, St Paul's Cathedral, date from that time.
[JIJ Like in many cities, transport is one of the biggest problems There
is a lot of traffic so it is sometimes quicker to do short distances on foot.
The underground railway is more than a hundred and fifty years old so it is
sometimes unreliable but it covers a huge area and is usually the quickest
way to get around. A few years ago, the city started making drivers pay to
bring cars into the city. This has helped to reduce the traffic problems a bit.
[ID In the 18th century, a famous writer said that 'if a man is tired of
London, he is tired of life' and this is still true. There are so many things to
do and see that a visitor can never be bored. For example, there are
historical sites, internationally important museums and galleries, fascinating
street markets, and modern tourist attractions like the London Eye. From
the top of the London Eye you can see along the Thames and across the
whole of London. All year, excellent plays, concerts and musicals are on at
the hundreds of theatres.
l5IJ London is my favourite capital city. Although it is big and crowded, it
is always fascinating. It is the perfect place to spend a few days visiting
galleries, shopping, going to the theatre or just sitting in one of the
thousands of international cafes watching the world walk by your table.

2 Read the notes about Cardiff, the capital city 0/ Wales. Imagine you have been to stay with a Welsh
pen/riend in Cardiff. Use the notes to write about the city.

4 J J

tl ~ 11 I I f w;re than :'00.000

• Bf\CKG1<.O\AND·. sou.th e().St ",a.les, popu. o.c tOn . _I <J I "to _ __ I
Jnd.JJ."trl.(J.l "evo u., n, COUJ
• ~JSlU1<.'{: smoJI town u.nt~ 1~~ lta.l ot "'a.les 1955
eXDOrted. trOM the par , P Co.rill-l'-1'
r . na.l Ga.llertt ot ",a.les,
• SOME l~JNGS 10 DO: No.cto.ili _ home to "'elsh r~ ard.
Co.cstle, !he MdleMr.u.M u.M

(roCK) coneerh heo.c i.r<Ld {cooJ, steeil -

• \3f\D l~JNGS: u.sed. to ho.cve 10h
. ard. sMelled. bo..ci ' ~ Cl ,
!, 10-/:; ot ~n bu.d~
dir-l<t nNVl holLdiJ,j there, qu.lte smoJI -
n
• lJKE BECf\\ASE: ho.d. (). o~ next 1:0 the seO-
eo.st to see eve"lth""f
67
 WORD LIST VOCABULARY
Holidays and security check 1 Choose the odd-one-out.
accommodation security guard
take off (bungee) wetsuit helmet lifejacket
accommodation
bed and breakfast tour guide 1 laid-back relaxed tranquil superb
book (v) tourist attraction 2 capital island village town
camping site transport 3 ideal charming shabby superb
comfortable travel agent
trip (n)
4 passenger travel agent cabin crew pilot
cost (v)
dormitory 5 gallery castle spa town palace
en suite In and outside town/city 6 suburb inhabitant old town district
facility (suspension) bridge
hotel atmosphere 2 You are going on holiday. Put the events in order.
overnight stay business district
capital (n) a arrive at your resort 0
resort
castle b board your plane 0
youth hostel
church c book a ticket 0
Sports and leisure city centre d check in at the airport 0
activities cottage fasten your seat belt
adventure centre countryside
e 0
f go through passport control
bun gee jumping fountain
cycle (v) hill and security checks 0
extreme sport historic g go to the departure lounge 0
golf ball home town h switch off your mobile phone Il2l
hang gliding industrial area take off 0
helmet inhabitant
hiking island 3 Complete the definitions with words from the Word
ice-skating old town List.
jog palace
kayaking parliament building Cv) what you do at an airport
lifejacket port when you give your bags in and choose yoUr
rock climbing river bank seat
scuba diving ruins 2 Cn) an important or official
skiing shopping centre spoken statement
snowboarding spa town 3 Cv) to give people food or
wetsuit square drink, for example in a restaurant or at
whitewater rafting suburb dinner
wind-surfing tower 4 Cadj) describes a place which
view (n) is very busy and full of people
Travel village
airport 5 Cn) the place you go through
aisle Adjectives to describe to get to your plane where your identity
announcement places documents are checked
board (v) attractive 6 Cv) to join two sides of
boarding card bustling something so they are closed or held
boat charming together
cabin crew depressing 7 Cv) to promise that something
check in deserted will happen because you are sure about it
check-in (desk) peaceful
delay (n, v) shabby 8 Cn) the moment when a plane
departure lounge superb goes into the air
departures board tranquil/relaxed 9 Cn) the space between rows of
duty-free shop well-known/famous seats where you can walk
fasten 10 Cn) the special ticket you
flight Other need to go onto the plane
gate design (v)
elegant 11 Cn) a person who flies a plane
(hand) luggage
exciting 12 Cn) information which tells
overhead locker
guarantee (v) you how to do something
oxygen mask
pack (v) ideal (adj)
passenger laid-back
passport control outdoor
pilot refreshment
public transport serve (v)
safety instructions situated
seat belt thrilling

68
 Getting away

.. Complete the text with words from Exercise 3. Extend your vocabulary
When you are at the airport you snould always 1 Study the sports verbs. Use them in the correct forms
listen carefully for any important 1_--:-:--_ to complete the sentences.
Make sure you 2 on time and then
go with your 3 to the right gate for
your fiight. At the beginning of the fiight you beat to get the most points in a game or race
should listen to the safety 4 which draw to end a game without either side winning
will tell you to 5 your seat belt for lose to not win a game or race
6 and landing. You have to turn off miss (1) to not hit. catch or kick a ball close to you
your mobile phone as it could interfere with the in a game (2) to not be accurate with a throw, kick.
plane's equipment and cause problems for the etc.
7 . If you are going on a very long fiight, pass to throw, kick or hit a ball to another member
the airline will usually 8 food and drink of your team
and it is a good idea to drink lots of water save to stop another team from scoring a goal in. for
during the fiight. example, football
serve to start a game of tennis or volleyball by
\; Complete the text with the correct torms ot the words throwing the ball in the air and hitting it over the
in brackets. net
shoot to kick or throw a ball to the place where you
White water raftin-a (raft) is very exciting but, get a point
like alii (thrill) sports, it can be tackle to try to get the ball from a player in the other
dangerous. Like 2 (kayak), it looks team
easier than it is, so it is important to prepare
well. Make sure the conditions are 3_ _ __
(suit) for your level - the river should not be Italy won the World Cup when they beat
too fast if you are a beginner, for example. France in the final .
If4 (extremely) sports are not for you I think the two teams will _ _ _ _ O-O.
then why not try something more ' _ _ __ 2 The player was sent off when he _ _ __
(tranquillity) and 6 (peace)? Take another player too aggressively.
your bike and you can 7 (cycling) 3 You are playing in a team so you must
along 8 (charm) country roads, ____ the ball to each other.
enjoying a more relaxing 9 (outdoors) 4 The goalkeeper went the wrong way so he
sport. couldn't the goal.
6 Label the activities and safety equipment. 5 I'm very competitive so I hate to _ _ __
any game.
6 He the ball because the sun was
shining in his eyes.
7 Top tennis players can at more
than 200 kilometres an hour.

bun-aee jumpin-a
2 _ _ _ __
3 _ _ _ __

4 _ _ __
6 _ _ _ __

~,-
5 _ _ __
7 _ _ _ __

69
 SELF-ASSESSMENT TEST 4 I UNITS 7-8

a his story was C is his story

VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR b his story is d was his story
1 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the a last night c the night later
words in capital letters. (6 pOints) b the night after d the night before
I love this area. Everything is so quiet and 2 a this morning c the morning
peaceful out here. PEACE b that morning d the morning before
All her life, she wanted to be a concert 3 a you c him
b me d them
pianist. It was her greatest ----:c:-:
AMBITIOUS 4 a would he c if he will
2 The way he spoke to me was aggressive b will he d if he would
and I felt like he was me. THREAT 5 a will c was
3 The High Street was _ ___ . Not even one b would d did
person was out. DESERT 6 a is cwas
b has been d had been
4 At the top of the hill there is a _ _==
castle. HISTORY
" Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar
5 This island is empty, there have been no meaning to the fi rst. (6 points)
_ _ _ since 1935. INHABIT
6 Now you are the boss and are ==== 'We're having a few problems.'
for the department. RESPONSIBILITY He admitted that they were havin-a a few
problems.
2 Match the beginnings (1--£) with t he 'Don't go in there.'
endings (a- f). (6 points) He told me in there.
1 We have to check D 2 'Do you believe in ghosts?'
2 Then get our boarding D She asked him in ghosts.
3 After that, we go through passport D 3 'What do you think it was?'
4 We'll probably have to sit for hours They asked us what
in the departure D 4 'We were in town yesterday.'
5 But we must keep our eyes on the They said that they
departures D 5 'Why didn't she tell me something was wrong?'
6 And when we get on the plane we'll He wanted to know
sit down and put on our seat D something was wrong.
a lounge. d board. 6 'Please hurlY up.'
b belts. e cm·ds. She told me hurry up.
c in. f control.
5 Complete each gap with the verb tell in the correct
3 Read the conversation, then choose the correct forms. (6 points)
alternatives for the gaps in the reported I am here to tell you how to be a success.
version. (6 points) How mm'Y of you' at some point
A What's your story? in your life, that you would never be a success?
B Last night I dreamed that I was back at By your teachers, your parents, your friends?
school with all my friends. Well, I 2 you now that you can and
A What happened this morning? will be one! Yes, folks, that's the first lesson.
Think positively. When I was in my first job,
B When I woke up, I found a letter inviting me
many years ago, my manager 3 me
to a school reunion.
that he trusted me to do a good job. I ' _ _
A Will you go to the rewuon? never anything like that before
B Yes, I will. I'm very excited about seeing all and it made such a difference to me. I
my friends again' immediately became a better and more
A I asked him what ..JL. confident employee because I wanted to show
B He said that, ' _, he had dr eamed that he him that he was right.
was back at school with all ills friends. And now, whenever somebody joins my
A I asked what had happened ' _ . company. they 5 how important
B He said that when he had woken up he had they are , by me. And that's why you are here
found a letter inviting 3_ to a school reunion. today and you 6 the same thing
A I asked ' _ go to the reunion. now, because it's true!'
B He said that he 5_ and that he 6 _ very
70 excited about seeing all his friends again.
GREECE •
Go to any bookshop nowadays and you'lI see the shelves full of travel guides. 1_ _ • Thirty
_ rs ago. travel guides tended to be full of photos of ruins and museums but with little
:>ractical information. 2_ _ . Five star hotels, the best restaurants and similar details of little
.JSe to the average backpacker
One traveller who noticed this problem was Mark Ellingham. 3_ _. He had taken some
guide books with him but wasn't impressed with them. Some were full of historical details
3J1d looked like museum brochures. Others told him how he could live cheaply. ' _ _
- its politics, culture or simply how its people lived. This was what Mark wanted to know
about - but there is a limit to how many books you can carry while traveling.
stead of complaining, Mark decided to write his own book. He wanted it to include details
of sights to visit, places to stay (from the cheapest to the most expensive), nightlife,
-estaurants, transport and what it was like to live in Greece at that t ime. ' _ _ .
-le had no job at the time and the economic situation in Britain in 1982 meant that it was difficult, even for a graduate, to
",nd something. Even so, it was a risk but the book became an immediate success. This success encouraged Mark to write
'Tlore. 6_ _ . Now, over 25 years latec there are more than 100 Rough Guides and over 100 authors write for the
company which has offices in London and New York. ' _ _ .Today, howevec they would be forgiven for taking
a rest from the actual writing work and having a holiday, taking along one of their guide books with them, of course.

READING SKILLS COMMUNICATION

6 Complete the text with sentences A-H . There is one 7 Look at the table and complete the conversation with
extra sentence. Then choose the correct alternatives some words or phrases from the box. (6 paints)
in questions 8 and 9. (9 points)
HOTEL PRICE COMFORT DISTANCE
A He h ad just finished university and was
FROM
travelling round Greece
CENTRE
B Working with three friends, he provided
similar information abou t other destinations Grand €200 ,/,/,/,/,/ 9 km
C Any information that was given was usually Hotel per night
aimed at rich tourists
Old Castle €120 ,/,/,/,/ 10 km
D He had never been there before and wanted Hote l per night
to find out as much as he could
E' Mark an d his friends are still involved in the Easy Stay €60 pe r ,/,/ 1. 5 km
company Pensionat night
F But it wasn't always like th at
G None of them, th ough, gave any information half as the most to go furth er than
on life in Greece rule out cheaper than th e least
H In short, everything worth knowing you think as

8 Which of t hese is the main reason for Mark Sally Have you h ad a look at the hotels yet?
writing the book? James Yes, I have. I think th e Pensionat is th e
a His love of Greece. best. It's much 1 the others.
b The economic situation in Britain in 1982. Sally I know, but it's 2 comfortable
c His disappointment with th e guide books of all of them' What about th e Old Castle
on sale at the time. Hotel? That's got four stars bu t it's not as
d His interest in Greek life, culture and expensive as the Grand.
politics. James Well, th e Grand is very expensive, we
can't afford that!
9 Which of these is not true? Sally I agree. I think we can 3 the
a Mark is still working for Rough Guides. Grand. That leaves the Pensionat and the
b Mark gave up his job to become a writer. Old Castle . ..
c Mark gradu ated from university. James But don't' the Old Castle is
d Mark has written more than one book. too expensive? The Pensionat is
, expensive as the Old Castle .
. And it's closer than the other two . It's
less than 2 km from the centre.
Sally Well, yes, that's true. OK, I'm happy
6 along with that.
James Great.
71
 Feelings
GRAMMAR
Third Conditional

Condition: if + Past Perfect Result: would have + Past Participle

If you had ('d) left school when you were fifteen, you would have ('d have/would've) regretted it.
If she had not (hadn't) studied languages, she would not (wouldn't) have become a teacher.
If he had ('d) got better exam results, which university would he have ('ve) gone to?

Yes/No questions Short answers

If he had asked you to marry him, would you have said yes? Yes, I would.lNo, I wouldn't.
We use the Third Conditional to talk about things that could have happened in the past and the imagined result. We often
use it to express
• blame: If you had worked harder, you would have got better results. (You didn't work hard, you got bad results.)
• regret: If we'd arrived earlier, we would have found better seats. t;Ne arrived late, we got bad seats.)
• relief: If we hadn't left early, we would have been in the fire.t;Ne left early, we weren't in the fire.)
Note Would means you are confident about the imagined result:
If you had fallen asleep while you were driving, you would have crashed.
Could and might both mean there was a possibility of the imagined result:
If you had fallen asleep while you were driving, you could have died.
If you had fallen asleep while you were driving, you might have died.

1 Five sentences in 1-10 contain mistakes. Tick the

correct sentences and cross the incorrect ones. Then
correct the incorrect sentences.
Will she have become doctor if her mother Would 5he have become doctor
hadn't been one? IXI if her mother hadn't been one?
He'd have worked harder in French lessons
if he has a French penil'iend. 0
2 U he'd been ill on the day of the exam,
could he have taken it at another time? 0
3 U I'd enjoyed studying, I had have gone to
university. 0
4 U she'd left home earlier, would she
have got to the interview on time? 0
5 My parents wouldn't have been angry if I'd
phoned and told them where I was. 0
6 She wouldn't have seen the job advertisement
if she hadn't bought the newspaper. 0
7 U I hadn't sleep late this morning, 1 won't have
missed breakfast. 0
8 Could she have got the job if she hadn't
known the boss? 0
9 I wouldn't known anything about Picasso if
we hadn't learned about him at school. 0 •
10 A lot of people hadn't been successful if
they had been discouraged by their failures. 0

72
 Feelings
0\(U'
~

2 Look at the pairs of pictures and write sentences.

borrow lap top / drop it 1 break laptop / need to buy a new one
If he hadn't borrowed the laptop. he
wouldn't have dropped it.

2 have money / get a job 3 get job / meet Hannah

3 Read the story. Complete the Third Conditional sentences. he / not be in an accident / Francis/go to
university
Francis Gregory's successful career as a singer isn't
If he hadn't been in an accident Francis
the one he planned. When he was at school, he
would have <;lone to university.
sang in a band as a hobby but he planned to go to
university to study Maths. Unfortunately, he was in he / leave the party earlier / it / be light
an accident when he was 17 and spent six months in
hospital. 2 be a lot of traffic / he / not cycle in the
The accident happened late at night when he was dark
cycling home from a party. It was dark when he
left the party and he didn't have any bike lights. 3 the driver / may see him / she not drive
However, there wasn't much traffic so he decided to fast
cycle anyway. As he was cycling through the centre
of town he was hit by a car. The di'iver, Katy, was
going too fast so she didn't see Francis until it was 4 the di'iver / not take / Francis / to hospital
too late. / he / not live
Luckily, Katy stopped and took him to hospital.
Francis was very badly injured and the doctor said 5 Katy / not feel guilty / she / not visit him
that he would certainly have died if the driver hadn't
helped him. Katy felt very guilty so she visited him
frequently while he was in hospital. Surprisingly,
Francis and Katy became good friends and when
Francis finally left hospital, Katy put him in touch
with a friend in a band. Francis had missed all his
exams while he was in hospital so he decided to go
for an audition. The band liked his voice and he got
the job as their singer.

73
 <I Complete the second sentence so it has the same
meaning as the first. Use the Zero, First, Second or
READING
Third Conditional. 1 DJ Look at texts A- C and match them with text
types 1- 3 below.
1 an extract from tlle book D
2 short description of the book D
3 information about the author D
2 Read the questions and quickly find the correct
answers in the text.
Bill Bryson is _______
a British b American c Australian
2 The texts are mainly about _______ of the
author's books
a all b one c some
3 The Life and Times DJ the Thunderbolt Kid
is about
a his children
b life in Britain
c his childhood

3 Read sentences 1-8 and then read text C. Are the

statements true (T) or false (F)?
1 The Bryson fanlily lived in a hospital. D
2 His mother was a brilliant cook . D
You put oil on water, the oil floats. 3 She occasionally burned the food. D
If you put oil on water, it floats. 4 His father enjoyed the food his wife
Justin Timberlake's new record is coming
cooked. D
5 His mother tried to never throw food
out soon and I don't want to buy it.
away. D
When __~--------------------
2 President Kennedy went to Dallas and he
6 His mother only served fresh food. D
was shot.
7 His parents wasted a lot of things. D
I f _--:---:-_ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ 8 His fanlily used sugar, ketchup and
3 Water boils when you heat it to 100°C.
other things taken from restaurants. D
If--:-_ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ _ <I Find the words 1-7 in text C and study the sentences
4 I like sport so I watch the TV sports they are in. Then match them with the correct
channel. definitions a- h.
If _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ __ _
salvage Cv) !ill
5 Lennon and McCartney met so The Beatles
existed.
scrape Cv) D
The Beatles ______________________ 2 flesh Cn) D
6 I wear boots when it's cold. 3 palate Cn) D
If __--:-_____________________ 4 leftovers Cn) D
7 Karl Marx and Chairman Mao never met so
5 perishable Cadj) D
they didn't have an interesting conversation. 6 recoil Cv) D
Karl Marx and Chairman Mao might ______ 7 spirit out Cv) D
a food that has not been eaten at the end of
8 It doesn't usually snow in JWle in Europe so meal
I can't go skiing then.
If _ _ ~~_ __ _ _ __ b the sense of taste
C food which becomes bad quickly
9 Avatar used 3D technology. This was one
d to move back suddenly because you don't like
reason that it made more money than any
other fllm ill history. something
If ---:_-:-_ _ _ __ __ __ e to remove something from tlle surface with
the edge of a knife
10 People work very long hours and this makes
f to take something quickly and secretly
them feel velY stressed.
If _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ g save from a bad situation
h meat
74
 Feelings

AUTOBIOGRAPHY

The Life and Times of the

Thunderbolt Kid
BY BILL BRYSON

The Life and Times

IBillojBryson
n
the Thunderbolt Kid
adds another
extremely funny volume to his
autobiography. In this one he
writes about the kid he used
to be and the strange world of
1950s America. Although this
is a book about growing up in
a particular time and place,
Bryson makes it the story of
anyone who has ever been
young.

THE LIFE AND TIMES OF THE THUNDERBOLT KID

We didn't call it the kitchen in our house. We called it the Burns

Un it'.
'It's a bit burned,' my mother would say apologetically at every
meal, presenting you with a piece of meat that looked like someth ing
_ a much-loved pet, perhaps - salvaged from a house fire . 'But I think
I scraped off most of the burned part,' she would add, overlooking that
this included every bit of it that had once been flesh. Happ ily, all th is
suited my father. His palate responded ro only rwo tastes - burned and
ice cream - so everything was fine by him so long as it was sufficiently
dark and nor toO startlingly flavourful. Theirs truly was a marriage
made in heaven, for no one could burn food like my mother or eat it
like my dad.
All our meals consisted of leftovers. My mother had a seemingly
inexhaustible supply of foods t hat had already been to the table,
sometimes repeatedly. Apart from a few perishable dairy products,
everything in the fridge was older than I was, sometimes by many
years. The rule of thumb seemed to be that if yo u opened the lid and
the stuff inside didn't make yo u actually recoil, it was deemed OK to
eat.
Both my parents had grown up in the Great Depression and neither
of them ever threw anything away if they could possibly avoid it. My
mother routinely washed and dried paper plates, and smoothed out for
reuse spare aluminium foil. If you left a pea on yo ur plate, it became
part of a future meal. All our sugar came in little packets spirited out
of restaurants in deep coat pockets, as did our jams, jellies, crackers,
tartare sauces, some of our ketchup and butter, all of our napkins and
a very occasional ashtray. One of the happiest moments in my parents'
life was when maple syrup started to be served in small disposable
packets and they could add those to the household hoard.

la burns unit is a special dcparrmem in a hospital where burns victims are treated

23
75
 2 Write the sentences in Exercise 1 using I wish or If
GRAMMAR only.
I wish I could have a ",uiet weekend at
I wish and If only home .
I wish I _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ _
We use I wish and the stronger phrase If only to express 2 I wish I _ _ _ _ _ __ _ __ _
• regret: I wish I hadn't been rude. 3 I wish I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _
• blame: If only you had remembered the map. 4 I wish I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
• criticism: I wish you didn 't sleep so long in the 5 I wish I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
mornings. 6 lioruyI ____________________
To express present regret, blame and criticism: 7 IforuyI _ ___________________
I Past Simple 8
9
IforuyI ____________________
IforuyI ____________________
Iwish . ..................
I was at the concer!...and not here .at work. .
............. 10 Iforuy I _ __ _ __ __ _ ___
, I didn't wear glasses.

If only
he worked harder at school.
you didn't live so far away.
To express past regret, blame and criticism:

I Past Perfect
3

..
Use the prompts to write the sentences.

••

, I'd learnt to swim when I was younger.

I wish
f· ~~ h~d~,i·i~rg~tt~~ i~b;i~g ~ ~~~ei~:
, I'd left home ten minutes later.
If only
, we hadn't left the door unlocked.
This special use of the past tenses shows that there is
a gap between what we are saying and reality. not accept the invitation
• I wish I had a new pair of jeans for the party. I wi5h I hadn' t accepted the invitation .
(I want some new jeans but I don't have any money so
it's impossible.)
• If only I'd phoned him this morning.
(I didn't phone him and now it's too late.)

1 Read the situations. Label them present or past.

You can't have a quiet weekend at
home. we5ent
You have to share a bedroom.
2 You forgot to do your science
homework. not have to leave now
3 You can never remember people's
names.
4 You didn't go on holiday last year.
5 You argue a lot with your sister.
6 You spent €100 on a pair of jeans.
7 You didn't get good marks in your last
test.
8 You haven't got a car.
9 You can't afford to go to the Katy
Perry concert.
10 You didn't have time to go to
the graduation party last weekend.

3 forget my mobile phone

76
" Use the words in brackets to rewrite the sentences.
I'm sorry that my best friend moved to
another school. (stay)
I wish my best friend had stayed at my
school.
I'm sorry that I don't see my cousins more
often. (meet) If only _ _ __ _ _ _ __
2 I regret not learning to play the piano when I
was a child. (have lessons)
I wish _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __
3 It's a pity my brothers argue. (get on)
I wish _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
4 It would be great if I could drive. (learn)
If only ________________________
5 I can't go out this weekend because I forgot
to do my homework earlier. (remember)
I wish _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
6 Getting this computer was a big mistake. It's
always breaking down! (buy)
I wish _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
7 My house is so far from college, it takes ages
to get there. (live closer)
Ifonly _______________________
4 marry my brother-in-law
.,~
5 he is talking to me
6 agree to babysit
7 know how to swim
SPEAKING
1 Look at the pictures and read the text in Exercise 3.
Choose the best answer for the questions.
1 Carl was / was not famous in Japan.
2 The crowd knew / didn't know who he was.
3 Carl enjoyed / didn't enjoy the experience.
2 Match the words and phrases in the box to their uses
in the table.
because but then as soon as I thought
during although so confused I felt
this happened at flrst inunediately
saying where connecting talking about
and when it different parts how you felt
took place of the story
3 ID Complete the text with the words and phrases
from Exercise 2. Then listen and check.
_ _ _::-_ last year 2 the
summer. I was flying to Japan to visit my
friend and I was at the airport. I was waiting
for my bags and I could hear some excited
shouting from the airport, but I didn't know
what was going on. My bags arrived - I had a
small suitcase and a guitar a I love
playing 4 I'm not very good yet. I
went through the gate and '-:--:-----,---,,--
I was surrounded by a crowd of excited
screaming teenagers, all pushing and asking
for autographs! I was 6 I didn't
know what to do, 7 I was
dreaming! 8 I was quite worried
9 I started to laugh. 10_ _--:-_---:
like a pop star! Then another man came through
the gate behind me and 11 they
saw him the crowd ran past me towards him.
He looked very similar to me but he was clearly
very famous. Oh well, they say everybody has
flve minutes of fame . I had about one minute
but it was still fun!
77
 WORD LIST VOCABULARY
Feelings and emotions thrilled 1 Match the adjectives from the box to definitions 1-8.
adore thrilling
amaze upset (adj) arrogant carefree creative down-to-earth
amazed uptight patient self-confident sentimental
amazement worry (v) temperamental
amazing
anger (n) Health things you see or hear can make you
anger sb (v) alive feel very emotional, especially sad or
angry backache nostalgic
anxiety breathe 2 you have many new or original
anxious broken (leg/arm) ideas _ _ __
believe one's ears catch (a viruslflu) 3 you don't get nervous and you are
broken-hearted cough (v) sure you are good at what you do
burst into tears cuts and bruises
4 small things can irritate you or put you in a
calm die
faint (adj) bad mood
chuffed 5 you think you are very important
confused faint (v)
delighted feeling sick or special and show people this in your
flu behaviour _ __ _
desperate
desperation health 6 you are able to wait without getting
devastated hay fever irritated or upset _ __ _
disappointed infection 7 you are free from worry or responsibilities
disappointing insect bite
disappointment insect repellent 8 you are practical and realistic _ __ _
embarrassed insomnia
embarrassing sneeze 2 Complete the texts with words from Exercise 1.
embarrassment sore throat
emotion stomachache o
suffer from
o
emotional Office Assistant needed
fear (n) take a (deep) breath
twist (an ankle) to start: immediately
fear (v)
feeling Are you a I pe r son ,
Personality able to dea l with problems in a
furious
gobsmacked arrogant sensible, practica l way? Are you
carefree 2 , able to see new
have butterflies in one's
character ways to do things? Are you 3_ _ _ _
stomach
creative when th i ngs take longer than you
heartbreaking
down-ta-earth e><pect?
hilarious
patient
hopeful Contact Anne Willows on 0846
sarcastic
make sb's blood boil 9244401 today .
self -confident
miffed
sentimental
moving
temperamental
nervous Do you need someone to talk to?
offended Other
over the moon Are you sometimes 4 • feeling upset
accuse of
overjoyed adapt over minor issues? Do your memories somet~mes
panic (v) chat (v) make you sad and' ? Do you hide
pleased cheat your sadness by being 6 towards
regret (n, v) disappear other people. treating them badly?
relaxed face sth (v)
relief facial expression Call today to arrange a free appointment with
relieved fail one of our trained psychologists.
sad fault
sadden flirt (v)
sadness 3 Complete with words from the Word List.
gaze (v)
sb's heart missed a beat influence (v) Verb Noun
shocked land (v) accuse accusation
shocking missing 2 _ _ _
tense adaptation
pity/shame 3 _ _ _ adoration
terrified realise
terrifying whisper (v) 4 _ _~ amazement
terror wish (v) 5 _ __ belief
6 _ __ influence
7 _ __ realisation
8 _ _ _ sadness
78
 F eelings

<I Complete the sentences with words from Exercise 3. 6 Complete the idiomatic expressions with words
from the Word list.
I can't that he's finany passed his
driving test. After so many tries! When she saw she had fail ed her driving
2 The police him of stealing the car test again she just into tears.
but it was his brother's and he had borrowed 2 When she saw how many people were in
it. the audience her heart a beat.
3 He had been ill for a while and it was not a 3 His story was amazing. I couldn't believe
surprise but the news of his death ____ my _ _ __
us all. 4 I always have in my stomach
4 I absolutely going to the theatre. before an exam.
It's my favourite place to go. 5 Her boss is absolutely horrible. When
5 Clint Eastwood's films have been very I hear the way he talks to her it makes
strongly by the old films of the my boil!
Japanese director, Akira Kurosawa. 6 It was a great result and the whole team
6 When you go to a new country you have was over the _ _ __
to to the new culture. It can be
difficult at first.
Extend your vocabulary
7 I saw a magic act last week. Some of the
tricks me, I still can't see how they 1 Study the three-part phrasal verbs. Tick those
were done. which are related to relationships.
8 He looked familiar but it was only when
I heard his voice that I who he was.
catch up on to do something necessary that
S Complete the text with words from the box. you have not had time to do before 0
check up on to make sure something is true
backache breathed broken leg caught or is how it is supposed to be 0
chest coughing flu infection landed cut down on to eat, drink, smoke less to
sick sneeze suffer from improve your health 0
get along with to like someone and have
a friendly relationship 0
get out of to avoid doing something you have
agreed or are supposed to do 0
get rid of to throwaway or remove something
you do not want 0
keep up with to continue to read/learn about
a subject so you always know the most recent
facts, developments, etc. 0
look up to to admire somebody and see them

The last time I saw a doctor was a memorable

as a role model 0
run out on to leave someone when they are in
experience! It all happened a few years ago
during my first week at university. I already had
a difficult situation 0
a problem with I because of all the
heavy boxes I had to carry up to my room in 2 Complete the sentences with the correct verbs from
the dormitory, so I made an appointment to see Exercise 1.
the doctor the next day. When I woke up in the
morning, however, I realised I was feeling When I was younger I really looked up to
2 . I opened the window to get some
my brother. I wanted to be just like him.
fresh air and I immediately started to 3_ _ __ You can't him now, just when he
At first, I thought it was hay fever because most needs your help I
I always <I that in the summer. Then I 2 Although my grandfather retired from
realised my throat was sore and I was medicine three years ago he still likes to
5 as well! I thought I had 6-,-_ __ _ _ _ _ modern developments.
the 7 from somebody - the last 3 I really don't want to go to his party but I
thing I wanted in my first week at university! don't know how to it.
I went to the doctor and she listened to my 4 I the old table last week. We
8 while I 9 in deeply. She told never used it and it was too big anyway.
me it was nothing to worry about, just a minor 5 She sugar and chocolate in
JO which should go away in a few days. I
January so she looks a lot healthier now.
was so happy I jumped down the stairs on the way
out ... and 11 badly, giving myself 6 I can't go out tonight, I have to _ _ _ _
a 12 ! What a start to my year! the housework.
7 Don't worry about the house while you're
on holiday. I'll it from time to
time. 79
 True art
GRAMMAR 1 Use the information in the table to help you choose
the right verb form for each sentence.

speaks speaks a French a German

Modal verbs for speculation French German passport passport
Steffi ,( ,( ,( X
1 Present speculation
Liam X ,( ? ?
We use modal verbs to say how certain we are about
something in the present. We use Sam X X X X
o must when we are certain: Lily ? ? X ,(
They live in a big house - they must be rich.
o might/may/could when we think something is Steffi can't /[must) b e Fren ch .
possible, but we are not certain : Steffi could / must have a German mother.
She might be at the library. 2 Liam can't / might be Ge rman .
o might/may + not when we think something is 3 Liam must / m ight live in France.
possibly not true: 4 Sam might / can't be French or German .
He may not like football.
5 Lily is German so s he must / can't sp eak
o can 't when we are certain something isn 't possible:
Ge rman.
He can't be a doctor - he's only sixteen years old.
2 Past speculation 2 Read the short article and complete the sentences
with must/could/couldn't + have and the correct form
have + Past of the verI> in brackets.
Participle
olice have given journalists more
They : must
She : may
have lived
have posted
: there.
the letter.
P photographs of the homeless young woman
they fo und in Londo n's Hyde Park last week.
You can't have forgotten : your passport. The young woman speaks fluent English but it
isn't her f irst language. She has been unable to
We use modal verbs to say how certain we are about tell police her name, how old she is, where her
something in the past. We use home is or why she is in London. When she was
o must when we are certain: found last Friday even ing she was healthy, clean
The house is dark, so they must have gone out. and dressed in warm clothes and walki ng boots
o mightfmaylcouldwhen we think something was and carrying a small bag containing brushes and
possible but we aren 't certain: oil paints. Police fo und a ticket fo r a Picasso
He might have been in Paris last week. exhibition dated yesterday in her j acket pocket.
o might/may + not when we think something possibly
She had no money or anything which could help
didn 't happen: to identify her.
He might not have gone to Spain.
o couldn 'tor can 'twhen we are certain something
The police must have ",Iven (give) p ictures
wasn't possible in the past: to t he n ewspa pe rs before .
The man couldn't have swum across the North Sea.
She Oearn) English at school.
Mind the trap! 2 She Oose) h er m emory.
3 She (have) an a ccident.
We use can't, not mustn't, to say something 4 Sh e (visit) th e gallery
isn't true:
yesterday.
He can 't be Norwegian. NOT lit: /II/lStn't be 5 She _ _ _ _ _ (be) h om eless for a long
NtJfweg{flfl.
time.
We use might, may, could, not can, to talk about
possibilities: 6 Her family (see) h e r
photog ra ph in t he newspapers yet as the re
They might be French. NOT they 88n be Fi'/meh.
has b een no contact fro m th em .
We use might not/may not, not could not, to talk
about things which possibly aren't true or didn't
happen:
They might not be from France. NOT Theye6ti1t1
n6t be fftJ/II Pranee.

80
 True art

3 Read the summaries of the famous mysteries and 4 Look at the picture. Use the notes and one of the
complete the sentences using the appropriate forms verbs in brackets to complete the police officers'

.. .. .. ----...
of must, might or can't.
~
conversation.

Shergar was a
I very famous (and
valuable) racehorse.
I In 1983, the horse
was kidnapped
I from the Aga Khan's
stables in Ireland.
I A~ho ugh t he owners
received a demand
I for m oney, they
never heard from
the kidnapp ers
I again and t he horse
disappeared.
I
• The kidnappers mi'ilht have sold (sell)
Shergar.
-
He (race) again because he
was too famous:
2 The kidnappers _ _ _ _ _ _ (kill) him.
3 Shergar _ _ _ _ _ _ (be) dead now.
_ :-l" - " _ _ ~

Officer 1 What did you find out at Rose Avenue?

Officer 2 The back door and all the windows were
At night on March 18, 1990, two I open so they must have left in a hurry.
individuals in police uniforms Clmust) / might)
I broke into the Stewart Officer 1 Who lives in the house?
Gardner Museum in Boston.
Officer 2 There's a climbing frame in the garden
I It is not clear if they were real
and there are several photos of mum,
policemen o r not but it is clear
dad and kids so a family 1_ _ __
I what t hey t ook: thirteen pieces
of art worth $500 million
I (must / can't) here.
I alt oget her. Nobody heard the
I Officer 1 Was there any evidence of a robbery?
thieves break in, but it was Officer 2 No, the windows and locks weren't
I St Pat rick 's Day, when there
I broken and there was money on the
are loud parties in Boston. work-surface so there 2_ _ _ __
Experts said that the thieves (could / couldn't). The phone was off the
I knew exactly what t o steal and I hook - they 3 (must / might).
did not panic: they spent more than an hour in the Officer 1 Yes, that's possible.
I m useum. The police think it is possible that American
Officer 2 Or one of the childr en '-:-_ _ _
gangst ers still have the paintings, or that they were
I sent to Ireland and hidden t here .
(must / may) in the garden.
Officer 1 So they 5 (could / must) to
hospital.
4 The thieves (be) real police Officer 2 No, they can't have driven - their car is
officers. in t he garage.
5 The parties (stop) people from Officer 1 When do you think they went?
hearing the thieves. Officer 2 5 (can 't / must) too long ago.
6 The thieves (be) professionals . The breakfast things were still on the
7 American gangsters (have) the table.
paintings. Officer 1 So, we don't have much to go on.
8 The thieves (hide) the paintings in Officer 2 I'm afraid not. I'll phone and check with
Ireland. the ambulance service.
81
 LISTENING SPEAKING
1 ID Choose the best alternative.
Anna What did you know about I[think of] the

MORNING exhibition?
Katie Well , it was OK - I quite liked the modern
sculptures.

NEWS '<lr 4 DECEMBER 1926 ~

Anna Did you? 'Do you mean I What do you
think you liked all those things made from
old furniture?
Katie Yes, I did. 2The thing is / That's a good
point.
Anna They were just old rubbish!
MYSTERY Katie Sorry, 3/ didn't get that I just a second -
J haven't finished. I thought they showed
WRITER how anything can be art.
Anna 'I'm not sure what you mean. I Let me
DISAPPEARS put it another way.
Katie 5What J mean is I A re you saying, if you
look at things with imagination, you can
olice have been ~y!ng
P to trace mlssmg
writer Agatha Christie
make them into works of art that are new
and ...
Anna 6Can I say something? I That's a good
whose car was found point. But in this case it isn't art - it's just
abandoned in a wood a old furniture .
few miles from her home
2 ID Complete the short conversations about plays
in Berkshire early this with phrases from the box.
morning. Detectives from
Scotland Yard reported Are you saying De ye", jmew "'flat I fe",nd
today ... strange? Let me put it another way
That's a good point The thing is
Why don't you tell us your opinion?
1 ID Read the list of events in Agatha Christie's life. Conversation 1
Predict the order in which they happened. Then listen Gemma Although I liked the actors and the
to check your answers. stage design, I didn't believe any of it.
married Colonel Christie D Mandy Do you know what I found stran<;je?
wrote her first novel D Why did she leave her children in the
grew up in Torquay rn station?
married Max Mallowan D Gemma
got divorced D but what I thought was a bit odd
worked in a hospital D was when she put the cat in the
spent time in Egypt D cupboard.
disappeared for a few days D Mandy Yeah, that was really weird.
2 ID Read the sentences. Are the statements true (T) Conversation 2
or false (F)? Listen again to check. George
Agatha Christie has sold a million books in Helena I'm not sure what I think!
English. !El -:--:-:-::--:--:-".---:---:---:---:-:--'
I just didn't believe that he loved her.
She grew up in a cramped, poor home. D
Alex And that is important in Romeo and
2 Christie was her first husband's name. D Juliet!
3 She had a job during the First World WaJ'. D Helena
4 She wrote her first book ten years after the - the actor who played Romeo looked
war. D bored all the time, I couldn't believe
5 She disappeared for a few days in 1926. D that he would die for h er.
6 Her second husband was much older than Alex
her. D • that he wasn't a good enough actor
7 One of her novels is set in Egypt. D for the part?
8 Agatha Christie died of old age. D Helena Well, yes, I am.

82
 True art

WRITING I A film review

1 Read paragraphs A- Ofrom a film review and put
them in order.

REVIEW
Percy Jackson and
the Olympians:
The Lightning Thief
Gill
The film 1 Percy Jackson, an ordinary-
seeming boy who discovers that he is in fact the son of
Poseidon, god of the sea. Percy and his friends Annabeth
and Grover find themselves on an adventure to find the
stolen lightning of Zeus and save the world from a war of
the gods.
lBIJ
Percy Jackson is a film by director Chris Columbus,
creator of the first two Harry Potter films. The film is
Z of the best-selling book by Rick Riordan
mixing teenage school troubles with Greek mythology.
The film has 3 of new faces and familiar rn:o
names, including ex-James Bond acror Pierce Brosnan Percy Jackson is an enrenain ing adventure film . The action
and Uma Thurman of Pulp Fiction fame. The action scenes are spectacular, with impressive special effects and
<I across America with visits ro Olympus well-designed fight scenes, and the story has G_ __ -,.._

and Hades, and fightS and friendship with gods, monsters
and humans.
[ill
Percy Jackson has been compared to the Harry Potter films
bur for me it is qwre different, with much more humour
and faster action. 1 5 loved it and would
recommend it to anyone who likes stylish accion films.
humour and suspense. The script is 7 and
the action is fast - it is certainly not a film you can get
bored in! Unfortunately, the story in the film is much
shorter and simpler than in the book, and many
important elements are not included ) which means it can
be 8 the story at times.

2 Complete the text with words and phrases from the box. <l Write a review of a film you have seen recently.
takes place an adaptation well-written • Choose a fllm you know well.
tells the story of absolutely a good balance • Make a plan using the paragraph
a mixture of hard to follow headings in Exercise 3.
• Use some of the phrases from
3 Read again and match the paragraphs to descriptions 1-4. Exercises 2.
• Check your work carefully after you
1 background information, the director and stars, finish it.
the setting
2 a summary of the plot and the main characters
3 the reviewer's opinion of different aspects of the
fllm
4 the reviewer's summary and recommendation

83
WORD LIST VOCABULARY
Art Theatre and cinema 1 Complete the gaps with words from the Word List.
art gallery 3D
art school acting Noun (person) Noun (thing)
artist action film artist art
create actor comedian
critic cartoon
draw (v) character 2 composition
drawing comedy 3 direction
exhibition direct (v) 4 musi c
genius director 5 painter
image (n) fantasy
imagination film poster 6 performer
inspire (film) review 7 rap
masterpiece (firsVsecond) act 8 sculpture
(modern/traditional) art genre
novelist horror 2 Complete the sentences with nouns from Exercise 1.
painter play a part
painting plot Although I like Rembrandt's paintings,
represent romance I prefer modern art.
sculptor scene The vocalist Kool Here, who was originally
sculpture science-fiction from Jamaica and who began performing in
skill screenplay the 1970s, is usually thought to be the first
talent show (n) ever _ _ __
work of art soundtrack
special effects 2 You can see many of Henry Moore's enormous
Music thriller metal in the garden of his home in
acoustic triumph southern England.
audience 3 The for Madame Butterfly was
audition Opinion adjectives written by Puccini .
band dreadful
choir dull 4 Jacob Epstein is one of the 20'" century's
classical eccentric greatest . One of his earliest works
composer enigmatic was the stone figure on Oscar Wilde's grave in
concert fascinating Paris.
conductor forgettable 5 Christopher Nolan is one of the most
festival hilarious successful in Hollywood.
gig irritating
heavy metal memorable 6 The actor in the play last night was
improvise monotonous wonderful . I've never seen such a _ _ __
in tune pathetic 7 The Mono, Lisa is almost certainly the world's
live (adj) ridiculous most famous _ _ __
lyrics silly
musical (n) spectacular 3 Read the invitation and choose the correct words.
(musical) instrument stunning
musician thrilling
opera witty
orchestra You are invited to
Other
perform
performance accent The School of
play (v) boast Creative Living
pop confidence
1 Art / Artist Show
punk rock diary
rap music fool (v)
This year's 2 thrilled / thrilling show offers
rapper mad
record (v) mysterious a range of attractions.
record company pretend Our 3 painters / paintings will be available
rehearsal sense of humour in the aftemoon to discuss their work
release an album/a single tragic and there will be a 4 perform / performance
sign a contracVa record deal of Hamlet in the evening.
songwriter
stage (n) Drinks will be served from 6.30 and the
star (n) 5 exhibit / exhibition will be officially
studio opened by , sculpture / sculptor
support group • Eli Harrison at 7.00.
symphony
vocalist
 True art ~l
4 Read the review and choose the correct adverbs. 6 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the
i
words in CAPITALS.
The Cannes Film fe5tival is held annually.
FESTIVITY
Clash oJ the Titans was one of the most
successful films of 2010.
FANTASISE
2 Colin Firth won the 2011 Best _ _ __
Oscar for his extraordinary performance i.n
The King's Speech. ACTING
3 The Twilight films are an interesting mix of
This year's School of Art's graduation exhibition has some
a love story and a story.
' __ brilliant works of art. And it also has some which
HORRIBLE
are ' __ bad.
Students from the 3D art (sculpture to you and me!) 4 The special effects in The Day After
course worked with metal and plastic and have made Torrwrrow are SPECTACLE
some ' __ fascinating things. For example, Jon 5 The Wizard oJ Oz is one of the most famous
Henshaw's 'My Mother's Love' is a ' __ witty structure _ ___ ever made. MUSIC
built in an old TV. However, I must admit that I found Gina 6 The ending of No Country Jor Old Men is
Constantine's single empty plate with the title 'Feeding rather .It has provoked a lot of
the World' ' _ _ pathetic. discussion. ENIGMA
As in previous years, the fashion design students have
produced some of the best things. Quentin Gibbon's Extend your vocabulary
6_ _ stunning collection of men's sweaters made from
recycled plastics was, for me, the best thing in the show. 1 Read the definitions and complete the sentences.
At the other end of the scale were Will Peterson's 7
dreadful wedding dresses made from black plastic bags.
This year's paintings were , __ boring. Although THESAURUS: FILM AND CINEMA
technically good, there was nothing new or different in
the exhibition. In any case, no one could compete with art house films which are experimental and don't
last year's show with its , __ fantastic work by Ulrike follow the Hollywood pattern - often made by small
Johansson and Bob Alien. companies on low budgets
box office hit a film which is very popular so it
The exhibition is open 10.00-4.00 until 8'h August.
makes a lot of money at the box office where
people buy their tickets
(film) score music written for a film
a quite b absolutely c rather premiere the first time a film is shown - usually
a glamorous occasion
2 a extremely b totally c completely
release to make a film avaiJable for people to see
3 a rather b a bit c really
running time how long a film lasts
4 a a bit b totally C rather
screen (a film) to show a film
5 a absolutely b a little c very scriptwriter a person who writes screenplays
6 a very b pretty c really shoot a film make a film
7 a bit b very c absolutely
8 a absolutely b totally c a bit
9 a quite b extremely c completely The film premiere in Los Angeles was
attended by hundreds of Hollywood
.. Complete the sentences with words from the Word
. List.
celebrities .
Most of Stanley Kubrick's Vietnam film Full
Modern Art can be controversial, especially Metal Jacket was in London.
when it is very abstract. 2 Scott Fitzgerald was a Hollywood _ _ __
in the 1930s.
Beethoven's 9,h Symphony is a true _ _ __
perhaps his greatest work. 3 Our local art house cinema always
_ __ _ classic films on Sunday mornings.
2 Angel oJ the North is Britain's largest
_ _ __ . It's 20 metres high, and stands on 4 Any film with Johnny Depp will be a
_ __ __ because he is so popular.
a hilltop, to welcome visitors to Tyneside.
3 Shine is a very moving film about a brilliant 5 Film companies always children's
_ _ __ pianist who nearly destroys films in time for the school holidays.
himself, but finally overcomes his personal 6 The is 120 minutes so we'll be
problems. able to catch the last bus home.
4 Murder mysteries belong to the fastest- 7 Ennio Morricone's beautiful film _ _ __
growing of popular literature. for The Mission is one of the best in cinema
history.
85
 SELF-ASSESSMENT TEST 5 I UNITS 9-10
VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR
1 Complete the sentences with words from
the box. (6 points)
plot failed
boasting genre chuffed
ftilarisHs vocalist
That film was absolutely hilariou5! I laughed
non-stop from start to finish.
Unfortunately, the last product we tried to
sell completely.
2 I passed my driving test first time! I'm
absolutely with t hat.
3 The band was quite poor apart from the
_ ___ , who had a wonderful voice.
4 I love science-fiction, it's my favourite
5 He thinks he's so clever, he's always
_ _ __ about what he does.
6 The acting was great and the music was really
beautiful but the was boring and
unoriginal.
2 Complete the text with one word in each gap. The first
and last letters have been given. (6 points)
At school I was always relaxed and easy-going.
I was always one of t he most IS __ f-
c __ _ ____ t characters around ... until exam
time. A week before exams I was already
' a _____ s and t he day before I
3 p ______ d completely. One year, in absolute
'd ________ _ n , I went to the school doctor
and told her that I Ss ______ d from an
allergy to paper and so I couldn't take the exam!
Of course, she just laughed and sent me back,
red-faced and 6e _ ____ ____ d, to take the
exam anyway. And after all t hat I passed with
a good mark, so all the worry was fol' nothing
anyway.
3 Complete the sentences with one word in each gap.
The first letters have been given. (6 points)
1 If you travel to a tropical country make sure
you take some good insect 1'_ _ _ __
2 The match was great but we were singing
all the time and now I've got a terrible
s throat.
3 She slipped on the ice and t her
ankle.
4 It was a bad crash and we were lucky not
to have anything worse than a few cuts and
b from it.
5 I've suffered from h f_ _ __
for many years.
6 Make sure you wash your hand carefully
when you get home. The cut isn't dangerous
but we don't want an i_ _ __ _
86
4 Complete the email with one word in each
~ ~~~
~ NEW MESSAGE
From: paulro@arco.com
To: s.hunter@xora.co.de
Subject: Sooy!
3 1I08I201 1
I'm sorry I was angry with you yesterday and I wish I
hadn' t s houted at you. It was a terrible day for me and
maybe if I 1 had such a bad time earlier
then I would n't ' been in such an awful
mood. Anyway, I'm sorry and maybe I should explain
why I was so upset.
You know I'm going on holiday next week and so I'm
trying to get everything ready. I spent all morning
looking for my wallet with all my money and my
documents in it and I couldn 't find it. In fact, I still
can't find it. There's only one possibility:
I3 have put it down somewhere but
I wish I ' where! I went to the
hairdresser's the day before but it ' _ _ _ __
be there because I telephoned and they said they
didn't have it. If 6_ __ _ _ I were more careful
with my things!
Anyway, I'm sorry about before. I'll cook something
nice to say sorry.
Love
Paul
5 Choose the correct alternatives. (6 points)
If you (had been)! were there, I would have
gone too.
If only I hadn't gone to this school now (last
year.
2 I wish I wasn't so lazy when I was a child
( but J can't change.
3 It's a beautiful painting and very old. It might
(can't be worth a lot of money.
4 If you didn't shout ( hadn't shouted at your
sister she wouldn't have got so upset.
5 He might have met ( might meet your father
when he was in the United States.
6 The train would have been on time if there
hadn't been (wasn't an accident.
LISTENING SKILLS COMMUNICATION
6 ID Listen to the interview with singer Scot! 7 Complete the text with the correct phrases a-i.
Freeman and choose the correct alternatives. (8 points)
IJ pOints) a what ilia ye>! thW,
The record, School days b Are you saying
a is an old song. C I'm not sure what you mean
b was Scott's first record. d I wasn't listening
c has not been on sale very long. e Just a second
d is already a big hit. f the thing is
2 At the age of 12, Scott g let me finish
a started playing rugby. h Do you know what I found strange
b knew he would be famous one day. let me put it another way
c started singing.
d started acting. Keith John. Hi. Did you see the play?
John Yes.
3 Scott says that you have to spend a lot of
time practising if you want to be Keith So, what did you think?
a good at rugby. John Well, urn, 1_ __ _.,---_ _ __
er .. .I didn't really understand it.
b good at anything.
Keith Beverley, hello, lovely to see you again.
c famous.
I was just talking to John about the play.
d a singer. Sorry, John, 2. _ __ _ _ _ _ __
4 Sally Thomas What did you say?
a liked acting. John The play was difficult to understand.
b liked singing. Keith Difficult to understand?
c liked rugby.
d liked all of these things . John Well, 4 • Who
exactly was your character meant to
5 Scott was singing to himself because be? I didn't know whether you were the
a he wanted to get the lead part in the play. hero or ...
b he needed to practise for the play. Keith You didn't like me in the play?
c the teacher wanted to hear him. John Hold on, ' _ __ __ _ _ __
d he was in a good mood. I didn't say I didn't like you. You were
6 Which is definitely true? great. It's just ... help me Beverley.
a Scott was disappointed with his exam Beverley 6 ?
results . Keith No, what?
b Scott had been planning to stay on at Beverley It obviously wasn't a comedy, in fact
school before he got his exam results. it was very sad, but the dialogue was
c Scott's schoolwork had been better before written with jokes in it. I found myself
he started acting. laughing at t he saddest moments. I'm
d Scott would have passed more exams if he not sure if I should have been.
hadn't started acting. I thought ..
Keith What! 7 you
7 Scott's new song were laughing at me?
a has nothing to do with his own experiences
Beverley 8 , I haven't
at school.
finished. I thought the writer should
b is based on his school life and friends. have made it clearer.
c is based on people he knew at school. John Come on, Keith, let's all h ave a drink
d was written by him. and you can explain it to us.

87
 Looking good
GRAMMAR

Articles - basic rules

We use the indefinite article aJan with Singular, countable nouns
• to talk about one of many: A woman I know spends a lot of money on clothes.
• when we talk about something for the first time: I bought a beautiful new dress yesterday.
We use the definite article the with single countable nouns when we are confident the listener knows what we are talking
about because the noun is unique or it is something we have talked about before: Until the 2U" century, rich people didn't
go out in the sun. He wore a T-shirt to show his muscles. The T-shirt was made by a famous fashion designer.

Articles in general statements

We don't use an article with plural and uncountable nouns when we are talking about things in general:
Models are usually tall and thin. (plural)
Nineteenth-century furniture is often heavy and dark. (uncountable noun)
We use the indefinite article aJan with Singular, countable nouns to talk about a particular type of person or thing:
A fashion model has to stay slim. A designer suit is expensive.
We use the definite article the with singular countable nouns to talk about an invention or idea:
The paperclip is one of the most useful inventions ever made.

Articles with noun types

a/an the No article
geographic features: the River Thames,
the Andes
groups of known people: the police, the abstract nouns: justice, hate
jobs: a fashion designer, an artist
Spanish continents: Asia
single units of distance, time and
historical periods: The Roman Empire countries: Lithuania
weight: a mile, an hour, a kilo
rooms: the kitchen, the science laboratory days and months: Monday, July
single units of money: a euro, a cent
superlative adjectives: the best languages: Russian, Greek
singe fractions: a third, an eighth
times of day: in the morning meals: dinner, breakfast
ordinal numbers: 'The first time I saw
you ... '

1 Read the sentences. Find and correct the five sentences which 2 Complete the conversation with the, a/an or
contain mistakes. no article (0).
Young people like wearing tHe fashionable clothes. 00 Annie I want to buy l! new jacket. I've
looked in all ' _ _ shops, but
1 Sailors often have tattoos. 0 I can't find anything.
2 Who wore first mini -skirt? 0 Jane There's ' _ _ really great one in
3 In nineteenth century, European women
3_ _ shop we were in last week.
covered their legs. 0 Let's go there.
4 The rock singers and film stars often start fashions. 0 Annie Yeah, this one's good. I like ' _ _
5 Teenagers don't usually like the same clothes style, but I don't like ' _ _ colour.
as their parents. 0 Have they got it in ' _ _ darker
6 Fashion is always changing. 0 colour?
7 In the 1950s, a respectable man didn't have Jane Yes, here's one. It's got 7_ _ 'sale'
long hair. 0 sign on it. Lucky you!
8 My mother's old boss would never allow woman Anni e It fits perfectly. Great! I'll take it to
to wear trousers to work. 0 ' _ _ cash desk and pay, then I'll
9 Jeans are worn by the men and women all over buy you ' _ _ ice-cream. You've
the world. 0 helped me to save 10_ _ money
88 today!
 Looking good ~
3 Choose the correct alternative in 4 Complete the texts with the, a/an or no article (0) .
the Quotations.

-• -•
o
@ / The woman can never _:lOop
,~
iIefroh_
It
be too rich or too thin.' e YoWWl .celeb!ities.com
American heiress
'Fashion is in <t' / the street,
fashion is about ideas.' Coco SUNGLASSES
Chanel Twenty-first century musicians,
2 'A / The punk era has film stars and celebrities often
remained a / the strong wear ....fi:L sunglasses to hide
influence on British behind and to look cool. However,
attitudes, art and music.' ' _ _ judges in ancient China
Beat Magazine
wore dark glasses so they could
3 'Every generation laughs at hide their eyes when they talked
an / <t' old fashions but to 2_ _ witnesses. It wasn't until
follows a /<t' new ones.' 3_ _ 20'" century that ' _ _
Henry Thoreau
people wore them to protect their
4 'I dress for the image. Not eyes from 5_ _ sun. In 6_ _
for myself, not for <t' / the early 1900s, actors started
public, not for fashion, not
wearing them because 7_ _
for the / <t' men.' Marlene
Dietrich lights in film studios were so
bright. Then in 1929, ' __
5 'There is only one cure for
man called Sam Foster started
grey hair. A / The French
invented it. It's called <t'/ selling 9 sunglasses on
the guillotine.' P G. 10_ _ beaches of Atlantic City.

Wodehouse Since then they have become

essential fashion item.
6 'I believe the /<t' blue jeans 11

are the / <t' most beautiful There are different styles of 1'_ _
things since the / a gondola.' sunglasses for 13_ _ different
Diana Vreeland sports and they are particularly
7 'I am afraid the /<t' people useful for skiing and flying when
need love the / a most when 1'_ _ eye gets more light
they deserve it the / a least.' than normal.
John Harrigan
8 'Show me a man with a /
the tattoo and I'll show
you a man with the / an
interesting past.' Jack
London ..,.-. orr....... r . r. •...--. 0 • '0
,.."................. r' .... 0'" . ..................... ........-n-r • r

(HIGHSHOES 1
)
E
~
E Underweight girls ont
1_ _ _ top fashion company in

Spain's capital city, ' _ _ Madrid,

has stopped giving 3_ _ jobs to
In ,- 15'" century, t h ere was ' - fashion
'___ skinny models . ' _ __
h ' 3
C for very high women's shoes called c opines. organisers say they want models
'to hoes which were up to 60 cm high, were very who are examples of'_ _ health
s , . d6 France. and '___ beauty, not ' _ __
., Italy, 5 Spain an -
I
opuarln - , - . d underweight girls who look iJl.
, P ., high choplnes neede

t-
, , woman weanng - . h st ModeJJ ing agencies say that
two servants to help her waIk so on I y '- nce I
' _ _ _ models are naturally thin
,0 exampe
~ people could wear them.You can see - and that it is discrimination not to
o
t ofh ' . 11
c opines In -
picture. • "-'-••...,.~.................. give them 10_ _ _ work.
,. ......,-"...... ~, .... ~t........ . ........ · · ' · ·~..., .....
• , •• I.s-LL-' LL-t~

89
5 Complete the film quiz with the, a/an or
no article (0).

FILM QUIZ
Which film featured ..A.. time
machine that was powered
by lightning?
BACKTO'_
FUTURE
Which film made ' _
British actor Hugh Grant
into '_ international
star?
FOUR WEDDINGS
AND ' _ FUNERAL
Which film was based on
5 adventure novel
'Le Phare au bout du
Monde' by Jules Verne?
THE LIGHT AT ' _ EDGE
OF'_WORLD
Which film started as
8 _ stage show, and
criticised ' _ World
War I, and war in
general?
OH WHAT 10_
Unfeasible Fashion!
LOVELYWARI ~ the unlikely and the uncomfortable
What was L I _ second through the ages ~
James Bond film, which
many people think is
i2 best Bond film 1 If you want to get ahead ...
ever made? _ _ ---:- w ere first w orn over 200 years ago but
FROM " _ RUSSIA WITH now adays they are not popular and w e really only
LOVE see them in circuses or sometimes on doormen at
very expensive hotels. ' _ _ The tallest examples
Alfred Hitchcock was
known as 'the master of
were almost 50cm high , making the person
15 suspense.' Which of w ho w ore them appear much taller and more
his films was about " _ impressive than normal. Made of silk and almost
man with 1 7 _ extreme alw ays black, they w ere too expensive for poor
fear of heights? people to afford and so w earing one show ed that
a p erson w as a rich man, especially in V ictorian
VERTIGO times . .
Which film starts with
" _ poor young 2 Human, horse, goat ... and a little
woman looking into powder ...
window of
19
20_ expensive store
=--,-_ became popular for v ery practic al reasons .
For hundreds of years in Europe peo ple in cities
in New York? lived in ve ry d irty and unhygienic cond itions. They
BREAKFAST AT ,,_ w ashed and bathed only occasionally and so , of
TIFFANY'S course, they had all sorts of parasites living on their
bodies and heads. 2_ _ In fact, it became a sign
Which film made by
22 Italian director, of being a gentleman to have such a look and the
Sergio Leone, showed m o re dramatically c urled and pow dered you w ere
23 effect of " _ on top , the bette r, even if it looked rather silly. The
railway on 2 5 _ life best w ere m ade o f human hair but c heaper ones
in America? c ould be made of horse hair or goat hair.
ONCE UPON 2 6 _ TIME
IN 27_WEST
 Looking good J::l.]
READING
1 Read the texts quickly and match
captions and pictures A-E with
texts 1-5.

2 ID Complete gaps 1-6 in the texts

with sentences a-f. There is one
extra sentence. Then listen to check.
a There are even examples that
are 50 cm tall!
b Clothes would get dirty from
people's necks and hair and it
was difficult to wash them in
those days.
c They were especially popular
with young children, who
loved the bright colours.
d In fact, the only time most
people today see one of these
is at a magic show, when we
might see somebody pulling
a white rabbit out of one!
e One solution was to cut off
their hair and this is why this
particular fashion was so
popular.
DAILY COMMENT 15th JULY In the 19705 white was the
favourite colour so as to look
3 Chin up! as spectacular as possible on
_ _ _ w ere popular in the sixteenth and the dance floor.
seventeenth century, around the time of
Shakespeare. Again, they were worn for practical 3 Look at the underlined sentences in
reasons. ' _ _ A piece of material that could be the text and decide if each is opinion
changed and washed without having to wash (0) or fact (F).
the whole dress or doublet (a kind of jacket) was ... wearing one showed that
a good solution. Over time, however, the size a person was a rich man ... 0
increased, getting so big in some cases that it 2 ... even if it looked rather
was hard for people to go through doorways! silly. 0
3 ... they were worn for
4 Disco style ... practical reasons. 0
_ _ _ are associated with hippies in the 1960s 4 ... probably because they
and disco style in the 1970s but they are actually were easier to roll up so
much older. The first examples were worn by they would not get wet
sailors over 200 years ago, probably because when the sailors were
they were easier to roll up so they would not get cleaning the deck. 0
wet when the sailors were cleaning the deck. In 5 The history of this fashion
the 1960s hippies began wearing them and they is much older, however,
became wider and w ider, easily covering the and dates back to Venice
wearer 's shoes. 4_ _ some 500 years ago. 0
5 Walking tall ...
_ _ _ have been wel l-known since the 1960s
with groups such as The Beatles and Abba
popularising them. The historv of this fashion is
much older, however, and dates back to Ven ice
some 500 years ago. Originally, these were worn
by women to keep their long dresses off the
wet and dirty ground and some of them were
extremely large. ,__

91
 GRAMMAR
have something done
We use this structure to show She's cutting She is having
that we have asked someone her hair. her haircut.
else to do the job for us.

,,
have or haven't : Object Past Participle
,
have
Present Simple I
don't have
my hair cut every month.
.I
is having
Present Continuous She her car checked by a mechanic.
isn't having !
Past Simple They
had
didn't have
the kitchen painted.
l
Past Continuous He
: was having
' wasn't having
have had
the house designed by an architect.
!
Present Perfect We our flights confirmed.
haven't had
had had
Past Perfect You photos taken for the wedding.
hadn't had
are going to have
be going to We our exam marked by the science teacher.
aren't going to have
: will have
will I a new dress made for the party.
: won't have
should have
should You thattree cut down.
shouldn't have

Yes/No and Wh- questions
00 you have your windows washed? Yes, I do.
Are you having your windows washed today? No, I'm not.
When are you having your house cleaned?
Why have you had your house painted red?
Note You can replace have with get but is it slightly more
informal:
I get my house painted every five years.
We are going to get our dog checked by the vet.
You should get that car fixed quickly.

1 Rebecca Walker and Tom Harris are getting married
next Saturday. Put the words in order.
Rebecca / made / has / a / dress / had.
Rebecca has had a dress made.
a suit / have / made / Tom / didn't
2 have / a / cake / had / made / they
3 a / have / her / by / nails / done / Rebecca /
manicurist / will
4 barber's / will / and / the / Tom / at / his hair /
dyed / have / cut
2 Use the prompts to write sentences about their
parents. Use the correct form of have something
done.
Mrs Walker / hair cut / every Friday
Mrs Walker has her hair done every Friday.
Mrs Harris / car clean / last Saturday
2 Mr West and Mr Harris / suits clean / last
week
3 Mr West / beard ,trim / barber / next Saturday
morning
4 Mrs Harris / nails paint / now
5 They / photograph take / at the wedding / last
month

5 have / their / taken / they / photograph / will

92
 3 Complete the article with the correct forms of to have SPEAKING
something done.
........ . . . .... . .... . . . . . .... . ........ . . . . .... ........ . ........ . .... . . . .... . ............ . ........ . .... ..

Surgery in style
Medical or health tourism is becoming popular with
people who want to have 5ur0ery done .(do s~rgery)
cheaply and enjoy a holiday at the same time. It s not
unusual now for someone to fly to South Afnca
, (lift their wrinkles) or
2 (make their nose smaller).
And it isn't just cosmetic surgery that British people go
abroad' (do). They go to Belgium
_ _ _ _ _ _ (replace their knees) or to Hungary
5 (check their teeth) . There have 1 Look carefully at the picture. What's the new teacher
been reports of older people going to India and Tur1<ey like? Choose the correct answers.
(do laser eye surgery) so they
'She looks If looks as if) she's in
----c-an--::th-ro - w- away their glasses.
her late twenties. She 'wears I 's
wearing old-fashioned clothes -
she 'looks like I looks a typical
primary teacher. She 'looks I
" Look at the picture and the list of jobs. Write what looks as if quite kind.'
they are going to have done.

'My new teacher is very tall

and she 'looks I looks as if
very old. Her clothes 'look as
if I look like grandmother's.
I think she 'looks like I looks
strict. '
2 Use the prompts to write a description of the little
boy.
little boy I wear I school uniform
The little boy i5 wearin0 a 5chool uniform.
he I look like I a typical private school pupil

2 he I look as if I about five years old

· r €f\O..C£ ~ilSS ,v\.

· c-1e£\J'\- >.X:l.lIS 3 he I not look like I father
· r €fOir rOOt
\'J'M.owS
· kJt,.il6t v\.w "QOXMI't >.X:l.lI 4 he I have got I curly blond hair
· c-u..t "O"ilSS
· re:wN£ WX
5 he I be I overweight

They are 00in0 to have the 01a55 in the 6 he I look I quite serious
window5 replaced.

2
3
4 _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ __ _
5 _ _ __ _ _ __ _ _ _ __

93
 WORD LIST VOCABULARY
Appearance / Age Fitness and beauty 1 Complete with words from the Word List.
average height aerobics
ballroom dancing Adjective Noun
build (n)
complexion beauty muscular muscles
dimples beauty salon beautiful
double chin body building 2 fit
elderly boxing ring
3 comfortable
face (n) breakdancing
figure burn calories 4 weigh
(finger)nails cosmetic surgery 5 day
flabby dieting 6 physical
freckles exercise (n, v) 7 pain
in his/her early/mid/late fat (n) 8 trend
twenties fitness
gym 9 vanity
look like/as if
middle-aged jogging 10 wave
muscular keep fillin shape
neat kickbox 2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of
overweight make-up words from Exercise 1.
pale makeover He goes to the gym daily. That's why he's in
physique manicure (v) such good shape.
plump massage (v)
model (n) 2 I don't usually follow _ _ - I just wear what
pretty
scruffy nail extensions I like.
shave personal trainer 3 She's so ! She looks at herself all the
shaven/unshaven piercing (n) time.
skin spa resort 4 You look great in that shirt - it's very _ _ .
skinny weight training 5 He's got a fantastic _ _ - he must be an
slim whiten athlete.
smooth work out 6 I hurt my knee exercising yesterday, it's
sparkling eyes yoga terribly _ _ .
striking features
suntan (n) Clothes
casual 3 Choose the word in each set which does not go with
tanned the main word.
tattoo faded
weight high-heel shoes 1 dyed / bald / wavy / straight / spiky HAIR
well-built kilt 2 sparkling / blue / ginger / green / dark EYES
well-dressed miniskirt
short -sleeved 3 fair / tanned / wrinkled / pale / dyed SKIN
wrinkles
ski boots 4 slim / well / plump / skinny / muscular FIGURE
Hair tights 5 scruffy / casual/slim / faded / old CLOTHES.
bald top
barber trendy <I Complete the table with words that describe hair from
curly the box.
dreadlocks Other
comfort (n) silver neat dyed shaved bald wavy
dye (v)
conclude spiky dreadlocks curly highlights
fringe
(goatee) beard consequently scruffy trendy
hair daily (adj)
hairdryer fad Opinion Length/ type Colour Style
hairstyle give up
beautiful lon<;j strai<;jht dark j2ony!;ail
highlights go out of fashion
moustache hire
parting painful
perm remove
plaits repair (v)
pony tail rhythm
shoulder-length session
sideburns spread (v)
spiky status symbol
straight unhygienic
stubble vain
trim (v)
wavy
wig
94
 LooidDg good ~
5 Look at the pictures and choose the best words in Extend your vocabulary
each description.
1 Study the words which collocate with fashion. Find
the missing word , for a person who makes new
He is tall, Idark / pale
fashions.
and handsome. He has
got beautiful short,
2straight / curly dark
conscious statement

~sT/
hail'. He 'has a goatee /
is clean-shaven and
he is wearing
fashionable, 'casual /
elegant clothes. model - - -- - FASHION - - - - - victim

magazine industry

2 She is a slightly
'skinny /overueight 2 Match the collocations with the correct definitions.
woman with 6curly /
shoulder-length blond
hair with 7p laits /
a parting . She is
wearing 'smart /
casual clothes.
3 He is a(n) 9m iddle-
aged / elderly man
with iOcurly /
straight shoulder-
length hair and
Ila moustache /
stubble. He has 3 Complete the sentences with collocations from
wrinkles on his face
and he's wearing
l'urifashionable /
scruffy clothes.
4 She is a I'slim / flabby
woman with 1.ldark /
highlights in her hair.
She's wearing I'casual /
elegant clothes and she
looks like she 16keeps in
shape / does body
building.
Check your ideas in a dictionary.
fashion industry all the designers, companies,
factories, models, etc. involved in fashion
-:-_-:--:- an exhibition where designers
show their new clothes to the press and
public
2 clothes which tell others what sort
of person you are or which are worn to
attract attention
3 describes someone who is
interested in the latest fashions
4 someone who wears clothes to
show them to the press and public
5 someone who wears fashionable
clothes although they look bad in them
6 a publication that focuses on new
fashions, etc.
Exercise 2.
Jimmy Choo is one of the most popular shoe
designers in the fashion industry.
Vogue is a classic which is
published in many countries .
2 David Beckham is . He is always
trying new clothes and hairstyles.
3 The world's top spend t heir lives
working in London, New York, Milan and
Paris.
4 Stella McCartney is making a strong _ _ _ _
with her designs in this season's collection.
5 We're all when we force our feet
into tiny pointed shoes with enormous high
heels. And it shows on our faces!
6 The Paris and Milan are the most
famous in the world.

95
 The hard sell
GRAMMAR

Verb patterns Longer sentence patterns

When we use two verbs together, the first verb is in the
appropriate tense, the second verb doesn't change.
Present Simple: We like to cook.
Past Simple: We liked to cook.
In addition, the first verb often decides the form of the second
one. The examples below show examples of different verb
patterns.
Verb + -ing
admit, avoid, can't stand, don 't mind, enjoy, fancy,
hate, imagine, keep, miss, practise, stop
Verb + preposition/phrasal verb + -ing
apologise for, dream about, feel like, give up, look
forward to, think about
to be + adjective + preposition + -ing
be bad at, bored by, famous for, good at,
interested in, proud of, sorry for, tired of
Verb + to + infinitive
agree, allow, choose, decide, expect,
to make
hope, learn, manage, need, offer, promise,
(something)
refuse, seem, want, would like, manage
Verb + object + to + infinitive
allow him, ask her, help me, persuade them, tell us
Verb + object + infinitive (without to)
help her, let us, make them I
cook
Modals + infinitive (without to)
can, might, must, should, will I happen
Adverb + -ing verb
After eating such a big meal, I felt tired.
Before eating wash your hands.
By eating good food you'll feel healthier.
Instead of eating at home, let's go to a restaurant.
When eating in a Chinese restaurant, you share the
dishes.
Without eating it I can't tell you what it tastes like.
doing
Mind the trap!
Some verbs can be used with more than
cooking
one verb pattern and the meaning does not
change:
She prefers eating convenience food. =
arguing She prefers to eat convenience food.
However, with a few verbs such as stop
and remember, a different verb pattern
changes the meaning:
He remembered taking her photograph.
(He had a memory of doing this.)
He remembered to take her photograph.
(He didn't forget to take her photograph.)
I to leave I stopped reading the leaflet. (I looked
away from the leaflet.)
I stopped to read the leaflet. (I stopped
what I was doing and read the leaflet.)

1 Complete the sentences with the correct form of eat.

I by to eat fruit every day.
1 I enjoy my dinner on a tray in front of the TV.
2 His mother made him all his vegetables before she allowed him _ _ _ _ any ice-cream.
3 Every year I give up chocolate for the month after ManU Gras.
4 Although she hates cabbage, she managed it when her friend cooked some.
5 When I had flu I couldn't anything.
6 If I'm on a diet, I think about all the time.
7 Do you fancy in a restaurant this evening?
8 I've been on a diet for two months but I still dream about _ _ __ a big bar of chocolate sometimes.
9 He didn't like the look of my dessert but I persuaded him a little - and then he finished it in
about two minutes!

96
 The hard sell ~
2 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the 4. Complete the advertisements with the correct
verbs in brackets. forms of the verbs in the box.
The pizza company promised to deliver do drink eat (x2) enjoy give impress
(deliver) within half an hour. have make (x2) sit use wal(e H!3
I always look forward to (have) a big welcome
Sunday lunch.
2 He's interested in (cook) so I usually
buy him recipe books for his birthday.
3 When I was a child I wasn't allowed
(have) sugary drinks.
Wonder Bread
4 When we go to Spain we might
(bring back) some olive oil.
Machine
5 She doesn't mind (drive) a long way Can you imagine wakin", up each morning to
for a good meal.
6 The children must (finish) their the smell of fre shly baked bread? If you are
meals before they leave the table. tired of 1 bread by hand - all that
7 We were expecting (get) a nice big mess and hard work, the Wonder Bread
meal but he only gave us a boring sandwich. Machine is for you. Instead of working for
8 I avoid (buy) too much convenience
hours in the kitchen, all you need ' _ _ __
food.
9 We both enjoy (eat) but neither of us is put the ingredients in, switch it on and you
enjoys (cook). can look forward to 3 the taste
of delicious fresh
3 Choose the correct alternative.
bread just two
I_ buying her a cookery book for her
birthday. hours later! The
a thought about Wonder Bread
b expect Machine is so
c manage simple, all the
d might family will want
2 You _ make a cake for his birthday. _____ it!
a enjoy
b look forward to
c should
d need
3 We _ to buy some drinks before we get on Can you imagine
the train. _ ____ in a Paris cafe
a can drinking a perfect cup of coffee?
b stop Well now, you can enjoy
c think about _ _ _ _ freshly made
d need coffee every day with Home
4 The hotel's guests _ to have dinner in the Cafe. Home Cafe lets you
garden. _ __ _ perfect coffee
a chose every time. So, if you are tired
b fancy of 8 unpleasant
c will instant coffee and you want
d think about o your friends,
5 He _ to make a meal with only four eggs, get Home Cafe today!
some cheese and salad.
a fancied
b managed J-JI/:i
c might Ifyou love lO •

d imagined surroundinus th L"" In elegant

6 We _ to invite you for dinner next TV?!. 0" en Utgt s ts th la fi
W lJatever the occas' e p ce (Jr you.
weekend. you an ev' ton, we promise II
a love entng to rememb TV, 10 -:-----
12 er. we ok forward to
b think about
c offer
decide la you the next time you

d would like out!

97
 LISTENING SPEAKING
1 ID Listen and decide if the sentence is about Jeff 1 Complete the conversations with phrases from the
(J), Alice (A) or both (8). box. There are two extra phrases.
Who ". don't blame me It won't happen again
1 ... has ideas for the article? Your waiter was extremely rude to me
JAB It's not what I ordered I'm trying my best
2 .. is surprised at some of the things they talk there is a mistake in the bill
We'll replace it straight away.
about?
JAB It's entirely our fault.
3 ... gives an example of what they think is
dishonest practice?
JAB
4 ... talks about how marketing tricks make
them buy more things?
J A B
5 ... talks about how t hey try to beat the
marketing tricks?
JA B
6 ... is worried by the tricks they discuss?
JAB

2 ID Read the questions. Listen again and choose

the best alternatives.
The aim of 'Buzz Marketing' is
a to give your product away to the right
people.
b to get people talking about your product.
c to make people buy more trainers.
d to identify the coolest kids.
2 The author who wrote his own reviews
a paid a fine.
b went to prison.
C paid a fine and went to prison .
d did not have any punishment. A
---- I I
/ I

Customer . I asked for

3 There is a better chance a person will buy
the pasta. He asked for t he salad.
something if
Waiter Sorry. I'm new here and
a there is a smell of food. 2 ,- I'll swap
b there is the right music. the plates for you .
c you touch it.
d you see it on a shelf. 8
4 According to Jeff, special offers Customer Excuse me, 3
a make you buy unnecessary products . We didn't have three bottles of
b make you buy bigger packs. mineral water.
c make you buy more expensive brands. Waiter I'm sorry madam, you did. There are
d are very good value. two on the table and one on the floor
here.
5 Jeff says that buying bigger packs You shouldn't have put it there .
Customer
a saves you money. Please 4
Waiter
b makes you consume more. I didn't put it on the floor.
c makes you go shopping less often.
d makes you go shopping more often. C
6 'Product placement' is when a company Customer
a puts an advertisment in a film. Manager I'm so sorry, madam.
b pays for their goods to appear in a film. 6

C pays an actor to use their product. Customer Thank you .

d buys advertising time in a cinema.

98
 The hard sell
.f\q
~

WRITING I A letter of complaint

!:l NEW MESSAGE

From Jenny Park <jennypark@zedmail.com>

To customerservice@com ps4all .com
Date 28 August 2011

Dear Sir/Madam,

lAD I am writing to complain about the laptop computer which I bought through your on line shop
shop.comps4all.com and about your customer service.

m I ordered the computer on July 15"' and my credit card was charged immediately but
the computer did not arrive until August 17"', more than a month later, although your website
guarantees delivery 'within one week'. When the computer arrived the box had a hole in it, the
keyboard was scratched and the power cable was missing. I immediately phoned your helpline and
was told that I would have to pay for sending the computer back if I wanted a refund.

m I am not satisfied with this service. I do not feel that it is acceptable that I have to pay for the
postage because it is clearly your fault that the computer arrived in this state. I suggest that in
future you package your goods more carefully before you send them, and that you make sure you
keep your promises about delivering orders quickly.

m I would like either a replacement computer or a full refund as soon as possible, and I expect
you to pay for the courier to return the damaged computer.

I look forward to hearing from you.

Yours faithfully,
Jenny Park

1 Match the topics with the paragraphs 3 Look at the underlined words and phrases in the email and match
in the letter. them to the similar meanings below.

explain the background to the
problem and what happened
2 say what you want them to do
3 say why you are writing
4 suggest how the company can
improve its service
2 Read the letter again. Match
examples of these things to
paragraphs A-D.
1 a reason for writing
2 a complaint
" the situation, suggest a way it can improve its service and say what
3 a suggestion
4 a r eason for the complaint
5 two alternative solutions
6 a standard closing expr ession
1 how a company treats its clients (n.)
2 som ething you can say 'yes' to (adj.)
3 not in good condition (adj.)
4 not present when it should be (adj .)
5 on t he Internet (adj.)
6 prorrtises (v.)
7 when you get your money back (n.)
8 asked to pay for something (v.)
Choose one of situations 1-3 and write a letter of complaint. Explain
sort of compensation you want. Remember to:
• structure your letter logically.
• use a formal style.
• use some of t he phrases from Exercise 3.
• be polite but firm.
You bought a new mobile phone and it stopped working after
three weeks.
2 You order ed and paid for two T-shirts on-line. It is now a
month later and y ou haven't received anything.
3 You stayed at a y outh hostel which was dirty and unsafe.

99
 WORD LIST VOCABULARY
Food replace (v) 1 Complete the gaps with words from the Word List.
appetising/unappetising replacement
artificial sale (n) Noun Adjective
bake shopaholic appetite appetisin",
bland shopkeeper apology
bun shopping centre/mall
cook (n, v) shopping trolley 2 artificiality
delicious spend 3 fault
diet (n) stationery 4 finance
eat out store (n) 5 _ __ hurried
fast food try on 6 nature
fattening 7 nutrition
fatty Money
filling (adj) bank (n) 8 person
food colouring bill (n) 9 reduction
fresh borrow 10 salty
fry broke (adj)
11 taste
home-cooked cash dispenser/
ingredient cashpoint
2 Complete the sentences with words from Exercise 1.
junk food cash register
lettuce credit card If you arrange food properly on a plate, it looks
lose your appetite debt more appetisin",.
natural financial
[ can't see anything! I think the computer is
nutritious interest payment
packed lunch loan (n)
mortgage 2 It's impor tant to start the day with a _ _ _ _
peel (v)
(over)charge (v) breakfast or you won't have enough energy.
prepare
recipe personal loan 3 As part of my diet I'm using only milk with
salad salary _ _ __ fat - l.5% instead of 3%.
salt store card 4 I try to eat organic food without any _ _ __
slice (n) wages ingredients.
stale wallet 5 Putting too much on your meals is very
sweets well-off unhealthy.
takeaway 6 When I complained he was really _ _ __
Advertising
tasty He spent about five minutes saying sorry.
tough ad/advert
advertise
Shopping and services advertising 3 Complete the conversation with the correct forms of the
baker's/bakery billboard words in brackets.
bar code campaign (n) Manager Can I help you?
bargain junk mail/spam
pop-up Customer I hope so. I'm afraid that I want to make
butcher's a complaint (complain).
carton (radiolTV) commercial
chain store slogan Manager What's the problem, sir?
changing room special offer Customer I bought this 1_ _ (nature) vegetarian
chemist's (pharmacy) salad here yesterday. However, when I got
Other home not only was it not ' _ _ (taste) but
compensation
apologetic I also saw that it contains butter which is
complaint
apology animal fat!
delivery
avoid
department store Manager I'm sorry, sir, I must offer an ' _ _
blame (v)
exchange (v) (apologise) on behalf of Trufood
feel like
faulty Supermarket. Would you like a ' _ _
firm (adj)
greengrocer's (replace)?
hopeless at
grocer's Customer No, thank you. I think I'd prefer to have a
improve
helpline •_ _ (refunded). And I think you should
in a hurry
in/out of stock
instead of give me some 6_ _ (compensate) for the
newsagent's
offer (n, v) look forward to time is has taken me to return the meal.
shrink (v) Manager I'm afraid I can't do that, but you can write
on sale
order (n, v) sort sth out to our head office if you'd like to.
straightaway
price Customer I might do that. While I'm here, can I ask
sweat (v)
queue (v) why fo u don't have a bigger range of meat-
reduced free meals on ' _ _ (sell) in your shop?
reduction Manager I'm afraid our stock is ' _ _ (order) by a
refund (n) central buyer, not me, but I'll pass on your
comments.
100
 The hard sell ~
" Choose the correct alternatives to complete the article. Extend your vocabulary
A lot of young people in Britain llave unhealthy The noun shop has two main meanings:
...lLwhich include too many '_ foods which are • a place where you buy things, e.g. a clothes
full of fat and '_. A lot of people , _ schools shop
for not educating students to know about the • a place where things are made or repaired,
benefits of having a balanced, ' _ diet. e.g. a machine shop
However, others say that parents are at fault for
allowing their kids to eat too much ' _ food 1 Read the definitions and complete sentences 1-9
and too many 6 _ . below.

a diets c meals
b sweets d ingredients all over the shop (inf.) things scattered about
untidily
a delicious c fast set up shop (inf.) to start a business
b natural d appetising shop someone (v inf.) to report someone to the
2 a salt c sweets police
b takeaways d ingredients shop around (v) (1) to compare prices and quality in
3 a treat C stick different shops, (2) to look for something better
b exchange d blame shop floor (n) the area in a factory where ordinary
4 a vegetarian C bland workers are
b artificial d nutritious shop steward (n) a worker elected by other workers
in a factory or business to represent them in
5 a junk c faulty
discussion with the management
b filling d diet
shoplift (v) to take something illegally from a shop
6 a seeds c cartons shopsoiled (adj) something that is reduced because
b takeaways d meat it is slightly dirty or damaged
shut up shop (inf.) to close a shop or business either
5 Complete the restaurant review with words from the temporarily or permanently
Word list. talk shop (inf.) to talk about things that are related
to your job
~rt'C~u~~ with Mike Dee
If you are thinking of going to Luigi's for a romantic dinner, They shopped around for several months
don't! I took my favourite person there and although the before they decided where to live .
menu described the steaks as delicious, the fish as ' _ _ __ The company director had started her career
from the sea and the ice·cream as completely natural - the as a young worker on the _ _ __
truth was ·very different. The first course was soup which 2 The trousers were half price because they
was very salty and it was served with 2 bread were _ _ __
which must have been at least three days old. The meat was 3 The thief's wife _ ___ him to the police.
next and it was so ' that it hurt my teeth, the fish 4 Our local cafe when a fast-food
was not' properly because it was still cold in the chain opened next door to it.
middle. And to end it all, the ice·cream was full of artificial 5 I'm not surprised you can't find your football
ingredients, like bright blue food' !I 6 my shorts - your clothes are _ _ __
appetite before the main course even arrived. Certainly not 6 When Harry and Steve get together they
_ _ _ _ all the time. It's so boring!
a restaurant I can recommend.
7 The actress was rich enough to buy the
________~----~~--~-~------------__J clothes so nobody could understand why she
tried to them.
6 Complete the text with words from the Word list.
8 If you have a problem with your boss then
[ needed to buy an outfit for my cousin's talk to your about it.
wedding so I went to the shopping centre 9 I left my job with the school and _ __
because all the well-known 'c___ s_ _ _ as a dance instructor last year.
are there. It was just after Christmas and there
were many items with 'r___ prices. I spent
ages looking around and eventually found a very
elegant suit. I wasn't sure if it was the right size
so I went to the changing room to 't_ _ it
0 _ _ . Unfortunately, when I took it to the
'c_ _ 1'_ _ to pay, [ discovered that I had
no cash and I had left my 'c_ _ c __ at
home. I was really annoyed but the lady in the
shop said she would keep the suit for me while
I went to the 6C_ _ _ to get some money from
my bank account.
101
 SELF-ASSESSMENT TEST 6 I UNITS 11-12

VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR 3 Choose the correct alternatives. (6 points)

1 Match statements 1--6 with responses a-I. (6 points) Dear Brian,

Tom's got very muscular. How are you?! The)l A 10 new art gallery I was
!ill
telling you about has finally opened. This week
1 Paul's too skinny. D
they are having lthe /0/ an exhibition of modern
2 Dave's going bald . D
art. I went along yesterday but most of the
3 Bill's very pale. D paintings were 2very / absolutely / a bit awful!
4 Steve's always scruffy. D There was nothing worth seeing. 3A / The /0
5 Colin's so vain. D
modern art is strange, but there is usually
6 Bert is very trendy. D
something very interesting to look at. Well,
maybe not very interesting but 4 totally / quite /
a He needs to get some sun on his face.
b Yes, his clothes are always the latest fashion. completely interesting.
The brochure was 'very / absolutely / total/yfunny
c At least he'll save money on shampoo!
because it was written as if we were looking at the
d He should eat more.
work of a new Rembrandt. Much better than the
e He should buy some new clothes or an iron.
actual paintings.
f We'll buy him a new mirror for his birthday.
Oh well, 6", / the / a boss is coming so I must get
g He must have spent some time in the gym
recently. back to work!
Jed
2 Complete the sentences with the words from
the box. (6 points)
tough tasty stale nutritious " Complete the text with one word in each gap. (6 points)
fresh bland ur.aj3j3etisffig
Presentation is important in cooking. Food
which doesn't look good is simply
unappetisinoa·
a day in my life:
Everybody's diet should include some
_ -:--:-_ fruit and vegetables, not processed Carale
2
or dried.
How old is this bread? It's so Oavies
it's gone dry as a piece of wood!
3 The sauce wasn't bad, it just didn't taste of Carole Oavies is one of the biggest 1V stars
anything. It was completely , to tell of the year. We spent a day with her to find
the truth. out what her routine looks like. We met her
4 That was absolutely wonderful, I've never at 6.30 a.m. when she was already in the
eaten a meal as as that! studio, getting ready for work. She comes to
5 This meat has been cooked for far too long. the studio early every day where she eats
It's as as an old boot! breakfast but she does not make it herse~:
6 This is not only a delicious meal, it's also very she 1 it made for her by the
_ _ __ , with everything you need to keep studio chef. After breakfast, she always
you healthy. 2 her hair styled which takes
about 45 minutes. As she says, when
she arrives in the studiO, she looks
_ _ _ _ _ if she has spent the night in a
hurricane, but after her hair styling she
4 like a Hollywood star. There
were problems before the show when we
were there. The person who usually does
her make,up was ill and Carole was very
worried about' it done by
someone different. Couldn't she do it
herself? Apparently not. A 1V star who
doesn't 6 everything done for
102 her (or him) is extremely unusual.
 5 Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the 6 Read the text. Are the statements true (T)
verbs in brackets. • (6 points) or false (F). (8 points)
I'm looking forward to havin'ij (have) 1 Dressing for politics is a simple matter,
a holiday next week. according to the article. 0
Instead of (sit) at home and 2 Politiciam' public image is more
_:-:-_ (do) nothing, you should get out important now than before. 0
and do some exercise. 3 The 'product' on line 9 is the image
2 [was always proud of (be) picked consultant. D
for the school cricket team. 3 Politicians wear work clothes after
3 Om games teachers expect us (go) a disaster because they are helping
running even when it is rainlng. the workers at the scene. D
4 You promised (take) us swimming 4 Only politicians who have been in the
this week. military wear military coloms in a war. D
5 You don't have to apologise for _ _ __ 5 It is always better for a politician to be
(come) last. tall. 0
6 Don't let them (go) skating on the 6 There were no short American
lake. It's not safe. presidents in the last century. 0
7 Carla Bruni is taller than her husband. D
8 Debates were easier for Margaret
READING SKILLS Thatcher'S because she was not tall. D

Marketing: not just for COMMUNICATION

supermarkets 7 Complete the conversations with phrases from the
box. (J points)
1 A sensible dark suit, a blue or red t ie, nice neat hair .. . service replace broken rude
dressing for politics does not seem difficult. But, as refund about shrunk
Monica Smalling reports, there's more to politicians'
clothes than meets the eye. Conversation A
(C = customer, SA = shop assistant)
5 These days, television cameras are everywhere and so for
politicians their public image has never been so important. C Excuse me, I'd like to make a complaint.
Most ambitious politicians today use experts, called image I bought this computer at the weekend
consultants, to help them look their best in public and and it's 1 • I can't even turn it on!

these experts use many tricks to 'sell' their 'product' to the SA I'm very sorry 2 that. We'll
10 public. But do you recognise these tricks? 3 it straight away.
Most of the time politicians wea r clothes which are safe C No, thank you. I'd like a ' _ __ _
and serious, such as dark suits and white shirts or blouses. SA Certainly. Do you have the receipt?
However, this changes for some situations. After a disaster
of some kind - a plane crash or an earthquake - politicians
15 wear work jackets to make it look as if they are helping on Conversation B
the scene. If there is a war then politicians often wear (C = customer, SA = shop assistant, M = manager)
army-style khaki green or navy blue so people will think C Excuse me, I'd like to make a complaint.
they are involved in the action, even if they have never SA A complaint? Why?
been in the military. C I bought this shirt here last week and I
20 Being tall is often an advantage for a politician. Indeed, washed it yesterday. Now it's too small,
only three American Presidents have been below average it's 5 !
height, and the last president to be much shorter than SA The water was probably too hot.
average was in office more than half a century ago, before
the television era. Many politicians try to change the way
e Really! Excuse me, are you the manager?
M Yes, I am. How can I help you?
25 they look, or the way others look around them. For
example, Carla Bruni, the wife of the not-sa-tall Nicolas e I'm not satisfied with the 6 ! I'm
Sarkozy, wears flat shoes so as not to be too much taller making a complaint and one of your
than her husband. employees was very 7 to me!
Of course, Sarkozy is not the on ly politician to worry about
30 looking short in public: for a while photographers had
problems arranging group photographs of world leaders
because the ex-Prime Minister of Singapore, Goh Chok
Tong, was nearly two metres tall, a problem for any
politician worried about their height. Being tall is not
35 always for the best, however: when Margaret Thatcher
was Prime Minister it was difficult for taller men to argue
with her without looking impolite.
103
 Exam Vocabulary
practicaVimpractical embarrassed
Man preclictable/unpreclictable embarrassment
proud emotion
Personality reckless emotional
reliable/unreliable exhausted
absent-minded responsible/irresponsible fear (n)
adventurous/unadventurous rude fear (v)
affectionate sarcastic feel bored
aggressive secure/insecure feel like crying
antisocial self-centred feeling
arrogant self-confident furiou s
badly -behaved self-disciplined glad
bossy sense of humoW' gobsmacked
carefree sensible hate (v)
changeable sensitive have butterflies in one's stomach
character sentimental hesitate
confidence shrewd hopeful
confident shy hypnotised
conscientious silly impatient
considerate/inconsiderate sociable/unsociable irritated/irritable
creative stubborn laughter
cruel stupid lonely
cute te mperamental make sb's blood boil
cynical thoughtful miffed
decisive/indecisive timid miss (v)
delicate tolerant/intolerant mood
down-to-earth too clever by half nervous
effi cient unconventional offended
evil vain over the moon
feminine overjoyed
forgetful Feelings and emotions panic (v)
fun-loving pleased
funny adore pride
generous amaze puzzled
gloomy amazed regret (n, v)
good at sth amazement relaxed
greedy anger (n) relief
hard-working anger sb Cv) ridiculous
honest angry sad
human nature annoy sadden
imaginative anxiety sadness
immoral anxious satisfaction
inclividual (n) ashamed sb's heart missed a beat
intelligent be at a lossfbe at one's wits' end sb's heart sank
kind/unkind be broken-hearted sb's new self
laziness be enthusiastic about sth scared
lazy be fed up with sth shock (n, v)
loveable be relieved shocked
loyal believe one's ears surprised
masculine burst into tears take sth personally
masculinity calm tear (n)
mature/immature calm down tense
mean care about sth terrified
modest chuffed terrify
morality compassion terror
naive confused thrilled
nasty cry one's eyes out tired of sth
naughty delighted upset (adj)
obedient depressed uptight
optimistic desperate worried
outgoing desperation worry (v)
patience devastated
patient disappoint
personality disappointed
polite/impolite disappointment

104
 >-
a:::
Appearance Beauty cotton

General terms
~ cosmetic
eyeliner
denim
elegant/smart
faded
:3
~
attractive
(fmger)nails
lipstick fashionable/unfashionable
gold
ca
beauty
handsome
look like/as if
make-up
manicure (v) leather
linen
c:§
mascara 0
makeover loose
neat
pretty
nail extensions
perfume
pierce
Iycra
metal
>
scruffy piercing nylon ::E
~
striking features sWltan (n) old-fashioned
ripped
tanned
Hair tattoo short-sleeved
bald whiten silk W
brush (v) silver
curly striped
Clothes and accessories stylish
dreadlocks
dye (v) tight
fringe Items of clothing, parts of trendy
woollen
hair loss clothes, accessories
hairstyle accessory Buying and wearing clothes
highlights baseball cap
parting change into
belt dress (v)
perm blouse
plaits fall/go out of fashion
boot fit
pony tail bracelet
pulled back size
button (n) taste
shoulder-length cap
sideburns try on
cardigan wear (v)
spiky chain
straight well-dressed
coat (n)
t rinl (v) diamond ring
wavy
wig
dress (n)
earring
Home
handbag
Face heel Location
beard high-heel shoes
complexion hood business district
dinlples jeans capital
double chin jewellery city centre
eyebrows kilt cottage
freckl es leggings countryside
goatee beard miniskirt industrial area
moustache mirror inhabitant/resident
pale necklace neighbourhood
red-faced patch noise
round polo shirt suburb
shaven/unshaven purse traffic
shaving scarf urban
smooth shirt village
sparkling eyes shorts
stubble socks Parts of a house/flat and
wrinkles sweatshirt equipment
T-shirt
Build tie (n) corridor
average height tights fence
figure top (n) garden
flabby tracksuit nursery
muscular trainers restore
overweight underwear rocking chair
physique wear (n) roof
plump shower
skirmy Describing clothes tub
slim baggy vacuum cleane r
upper body brand new
weight casual
well-built cool (adi) 105
>-
a:: Describing places miss/skip classes earn/make (money/a fortune)
:5
:::)
attractive
bustling
pass an exam
pay attention
play truant
employ
employment
experience (n)
CO charming
comfortable
principal
pupil
factory
fellow worker/workmate
(j depressing
deserted
school subject
school trip/excursion
games designer
get paid
0 elegant sit an exam health and safety
> fascinating
fine
student
study (v)
inexperienced
interview sb
:E historic
lively
subject
supervisor
job centre
job interview
~
W
magical
magnificent
noisy
take a year out
term
long hours
lose a job
odd jobs
peaceful on time
shabby
superb
Work overqualified
overtime
tranquiVrelaxed Jobs, positions and duties part-time/full-time job
well-known/famous pay (n)
wonderful actress permanent/temporaIY job
worth seeing/a visit babysitting promote
bank manager resign
banker responsible for
School barber sack (v)
be in charge of sth salalY
Types of schools boss take time off
car mechanic unemployed
boarding school cashier unemployment
coeducational school chairman wages
comprehensive school cleaner work long homs
day school clown working hours
fee-paying school cook
high school driving instructor
independent school employee Family and
single-sex school executive (n)
state school fashion designer social life
university fIreman/fire-fighter
graphic designer Stages of life
Education hairdresser
inspector adolescence
achievement interpreter adolescent
attend (a school) manager born
boarcl (n) manic mist childhood
class model (n) death
classroom school crossing guard elderly
concentrate security guard grow out of
discipline shop assistant grow up
drop out of (university) vet in his/her early/mid/late twenties
end-of-term exams waiter middle-aged
enrol at university worker teenager
essay toddler
exam candidate upbringing
Career
exam results
exchange progranune ambition Family life and relationships
expel apply for a job
extra-curricular activities be out of work adore
final exam business advise
first-year student/fresher career apologise
front row career opportunities argue
get/complete a degree careerS advisor argument
graduate clock in behave
half-term holiday company body language
hall of residence CV boyfriend
homework dismiss bring up
honom s degree driving licence bump into sb
leave school earn one's living close relationship

106
 Free time and hobbies pizza
~
companion
company
congratulations at weekends
refreshment
salad
salt
:3
:::::)
diary be fond of sth
disagree be late for sandwich ~

~
divorce (n) board game seafood
eye contact come back late sesame seeds
facial expression competition soft drink
computer game steak C
fall out with
family life
flirt (v)
enjoy yo urself
fall asleep
sweets
vegetable
>
get married fool around :E
~
get on with sb gaming geek Preparing meals
get to know go dancing
go out with go out together bake
have enough go out with a friend chop
W
hear from sb hang around cook
hug (v) have fun fry
insult (v) hobby ingredient
keep in touch interests peel (v)
laugh at leisure prepare
leave the table lifestyle recipe
lie (n) likes (n) slice (n)
look after (musical) taste
look down on sb party Describing food
make friends passion
make fun of peace and quiet appetising/unappetising
make up with put on a disco artificial
married rest and relaxation bland
marry stay out late delicious
mate (n) strategy game filling (adj)
mind take up (a sport/hobby) fresh
parent unwind (v) home-cooked
persuade natural
promise Clubs and societies nutritious
put up with stale
rebel against annual event tasty
request (n) belong to tough
role model clique warming
rule (n) club
strict Debating Society Healthy and unhealthy eating
swear fan club
take care of gang diet (n)
take sb seriously join dietician
take sb's advice member dieting
tell a lie/the truth membership card fast food
tell sb off scouting organisation fat (n)
socialise fattening
Household chores training session fatty
youth centre food colouring
change a light bulb jwlk food
clean the windows lose yow' appetite
clear the table Food vegetarian (n)
dirt
do the cooking/disheslwashing-upl Products and dishes Eating out
shopping/vacuuming
dust beef bill
hang up a picture/your clothes berries canteen
iron your clothes blackcurrant cook (n)
make your bed bread eat out
mop the floor bun help yo urself (to sth)
set the table burger sandwich bar
sweep the floor chilli pepper serve (v)
take out the rubbish kebab takeaway
wash your clothes lettuce tea room
meat tray
omelette waiter
packed lunch
107
>-
cc: go down cost (v)
Shopping
::5
::::) and services
reduced
reduction
sale
dormitOlY
en suite
facility
m Shops and services
special offer go camping
hosteller
~ advisor
baker'slbakery
Complaining hotel
hotel manager
0 broken overnight stay
> bar code
basket
beauty salon
compensation
complaint
self-catering
travel agent
:lE bring out
dissatisfaction
dissatisfi ed
youth hostel

~
butcher's exchange (v)
carton Journey
fauity
W cash register refund (n)
chain store accelerator
replace (v) accident
changing room replacement airport
checkout run (v)
chemist's/pharmacy aisle
satisfy announce
clothes store shrink
consumer product announcement
cost (n, v) board (v)
customer Money boarding card
customer service
boat
delivery amoun t bus route
department bank (n) bus shelter
department store borrow buss pass/travelcard
broke (adj) cabin crew
electrical goods
greengrocer's cash (n) carriage
grocer's cash dispenser/cashpoint check in
helpline credit card check-in (desk)
high-street shop debt coach
inlout of stock fmancial crash (v)
item interest payment delay (v, n)
jumble sale loan (n) departure lounge
market mortgage departures board
newsagent's (over)charge (v) destination
offer (n, v) personal loan distance
on sale purse duty-free shop
order (n, v) spend emergency
outsell store card fare
parcel wallet fasten
flight
pet shop
fly (v)
petrol station Advertising gate
price
queue (n, v) ad/advert (hand) luggage
advertise hit the brakes
record shop
advertising journey
second-hand
billboard learner driver
selection lony
service (n) campaign (n)
junk mallispam means of transpOlt
shelf
leaflet motorway service
shoe shop
pop-up overhead locker
shop (v)
(radiolTV) commercial oxygen mask
shopaholic
slogan pack Cv)
shopkeeper park (v)
shopper passenger
shopping centre/mall
shopping trolley Travelling and passport control
pedestrian
shut (v)
stall tourism piece of luggage
pilot
stationelY plane
store (n) Holiday accommodation port
accommodation public transport
Bargains bed and breakfast road sign
book (v) rucksack
bargain safety instructions
best buy camping site
comfortable seat (n)
closing-down sale seat belt
108
 perform sign a contract/a record deal
>
a:
security check
security guard
speed (n)
take
performance
• play (v)
prize (n)
songwriter
sound (n)
studio
:3
::::::»
take off
ticket
rehearsal
show (n)
support group
symphony ca
tour bus
train (n)
skill
stage (n)
tango (n)
vinyl
(j
traveller star (n) vocalist 0
trip (n)
tube
talent
Theatre and cinema
>
tunnel
tyre
Art
3D
:E
van art gallery
art school
acting
action fIlm
actor
~
W
Tourist attractions and arts centre
activities draw (v) cartoon
drawing character
abbey exhibition comedy
adventure exhibition centre commercial success
atmosphere image (n) direct (v)
bench imagination director
castle (modern/traditional) art fantasy
cathedral paint (v) fIlm is set in
church painter fIlm poster
day out painting (fIlm) review
dungeon represent final scene
expedition sculptor (first/second) act
explore sculpture genre
fountain work of art horror
head torch play a part
historic Music and dance plot
monastery romance
musewn acoustic scene
old town audition science-fiction
palace ballroom dancing screenplay
park band season ticket
parliament building choir soundtrack
resort classical special effects
ruins composer star (v)
sight concert thriller
spa town/resort conductor
square drums Literature and mass media
sunbathe electric guitar
(suspension) bridge fan advertisement/ad
tanning festival celebrity
tour gig cover (n)
tour guide group font
tourist attraction heavy metal interview (n)
tower improvise news
view (n) i.n tune novelist
live (adi) phone-in
lyrics poem
Culture musical (n) publish
(musical) instrument
General terms musician Describing films/plays/books/
octave
works of art
artist opera
audience orchestra amazing
create play the piano brilliant
creative pop dreadful
critic punk rock dull
entertainment rap music eccentric
folk (adj) rapper enigmatic
genius record (v) fantastic
inspire record company fascinating
listings magazine release an album/a single forgettable
masterpiece rhythm hilarious
109
>-
cc: horrible Sports equipment and places drink problem
:3 irritating
adventure centre
epilepsy
faint (adj)
=
memorable
monotonous boxing ring faint (v)
CC pathetic elbow pad feeling sick
ridiculous equipment flu
f3
0
silly
spectacular
stunning
gloves
goggles
golf ball
get fat
hay fever
infection
> thrilling
witty
helmet
lifejacket
insect bite
insomnia
:E rope
ski boots
painful
painless
~
W
Sport stopwatch
swimming pool
weight
sb has a sore throat
sneeze
sore (adj)
Sports, leisure activities and wetsuit stomachache
sports people stress (n)
adventure tubing Practising sports stressed out
aerobics suffer from
archery association sweat (v)
body building championship twist (an ankle)
break dancing committee
bungee jumping draw up rules Treatment
cliff jumping fair play
cricket national sport alarm call
croquet play by rules cosmetic surgery
cycle (v) safety implant (n)
diver (scoreless) draw massage Cv)
diving sports club/team patient Cn)
extreme sport support (v) plaster
golf supporters club psychiatrist
hang gliding tournament psychologist
hiker train (v) treat (v)
hiking
hockey Keeping fit
horse-riding Health
ice hockey burn calories
ice-skating The human body exercise (n, v)
jet skling fat (n)
jog alive fitness
jogging back gym
karate blood keep fit/in shape
kayaking bone watch one's weight
kickbox brain work out
marathon breath
paintball breathe
parachute jump chest Science and
personal trainer concentration
quad biking die technology
rock climbing memory
rugby skin Science and scientists
scuba diving take a (deep) breath
skiing wrist ancestor
snowboarding archaeologist
sphereing Diseases, symptoms and astronomer
trampoline astronomy
water sport
complaints biologist
weigh t training addicted biology
whitewater rafting addictive breedingprograrnrne
wind-surfmg backache come up with
yoga be allergic to sth conclusion
broken Oeglarm) conduct electricity
catch (a virus/flu) convincing
colour blind person count
cough (v, n) develop
cuts and bruises discover
depression do an experiment

110
 >
cc:
economics proflle pick upllift
energy
engineering
evolution
• program (n)
save
search engine
plug in
portable
power (n)
:5
~
experiment (v) send a message
sign up
press (v)
produce (v)
r::a
figW'e
freeze social networking site product <C
c.,)
genetics software robot
gravity spyware s\vitch on/off 0
invent
invention
toolbar
undo
transfer (a call)
transparent
>
kinetic energy unread turn up/down
==
~
layer (n) update user-friendly
level (n) upload virtual reality
life form USB memory stick waterproof
microbe USB port wheel (n) W
pattern virus
planet
primitive Mobile phones Nature and
probability
prove answer a call environment
radiation battery
recreate camera Animals and pets
research (n) communicate
researcher communications albatross
scientific expeliment function (n) amphibian
single-celled organism go dead aquariW'n
sociologist iPhone bat
solution low bee
solve make a call beetle
sphere mobile phone butterfly
theory phonebook camel
trilobite receive a call chick
universe receiver chicken
recharge chimpanzee
Computers and the Internet ring tone cloud
signal (n) cockroach
access the Internet signal strength crab
application store (v) creature
attach text message crocodile
blog touch screen crow
check (messages/emails) vibrating alert dinosaur
click (v) voice mail dolphin
comment (n, v) volW'ne donkey/jackass
contact (v) eagle
crash (v) eel
Technology elephant
elisor
cyberbullying 3D feed
delete artificial fish
docW'nent (n) come out flea
download e-reader fly
email (n) ebook fox
(external) hard drive electrical appliance fw'
freeware electrical goods furry
gigabyte engine game reserve
inbox featW'e (n) giraffe
install fix goat
instant message flexible golden retriever
Internet discussion group gadget gorilla
Internet forwnlmessage board games console guinea pig
keyboard GPS horse
log out headphones/earphones insect
omine (adv) loudspeaker jellyfish
online (adv) make (n) kangaroo
open (file/folder) manual (n) kitten
palmtop microphone lamb
paste (v) model (n) lionllioness
post (v) mp5 player mammal

111
~ meerkat sea ecologist

::5
~
mollusc
mussel
octopus
sea grass
sky
steep
ecology
endangered species
energy source
m orangutan
owl
stream
summit
environment
explosion

~ oyster
panda
sunlight
undersea
global warming
greenhouse gas
0 peacock wave harmful
> pelican
pet Natural disasters
hunt (v)
in danger of extinction
::E pet food
piglet
low-energy light bulb
nuclear war

~
ash
polar bear black hole oiVgas platform
pony block out (sunlight) on stand by
W predator deadly (adj) petrol
primates destroy plastic carrier bag
rabbit disappear poison (v)
rat drought pollution
raven dust protect
reindeer earthquake recycle
reptile emergency services recycling bin
saimon epidemic renewable energy
scratch (v) erupt reuse
scratching post flood (n) rubbish dump
sea lion food shortage sewer
sea turtle forest fire solar power
seabird hurricane sort rubbish
shark influenza tap water
sheep meteor the Greens
shellfish molten lava toxic waste
snail mud wildlife
snake natural disaster
spider pandemic
stork pest State and society
tabby cat put out
tiger Richter scale History, politics and economy
toad storm
train (v) sulphuric acid age/century
trick (n) swvive city council
turtle survivor colony
vampire bat thunderstorm consumerism
whale tsunami decade
whine viral election
wing vilU S emperor
worm volcanic eruption factory
zebra volcano federation
zoo wind financially
zookeeper wipe out foreign
globally
Landscape Ecology and the environment industry
investment
beach acid rain leader
bush adaptable market
cave become extinct monarch
forestJthe woods bottle-top political party
grass break down population
hill carbon dioxide Prime Minister
island carbon footprint profit
land chemical Cn) ruler
mountain climate change territOlY
ocean consume throne
peak container vote (v)
rainforest contaminated western
rare (species) decompose
river discard/throw away
river bank disposable
rock Cn) eco-home

112
War electronic tagging
fair/unfair English -speaking
ammunition fight Cn)
armament [me (n, v) countries
battle fire Cv) Borough Market
bunker gang British Empire
military service get away British Museum
revolution get out of (prison) Cornwall
semi-automatic go to court Courtauld Institute
soldier graffiti cowboy
sword guilty Design Museum
gun Edinburgh
Social problems and conflicts handcuffs Eton College
harm Cv) Fashion and Textile Museum
accept house arrest First World War
aggression illegal Freshers' Week
aggressive interview Cv) Gatwick Airport
antisocial behaviour investigate Great Fire of London
ban Cv) jail Harrods
campaigner judge Cn) HMS Belfast
charity jury Hostelling International!
controversial law International Youth Hostel
drop litter lawyer Federation (lYHF)
fund-raising mugger ICA (Institute of Contemporary
harmless noise nuisance Arts)
homeless offence Indian Cn)
identity offender International Buy Nothing Day
influence Cn) permissible Live rpool
organiser piracy London Aquarium
racial abuse pirated London Dungeon
radical Police Force London Eye
raise money police officer Madame Tussauds
rehabilitation programme prison medieval
society (prison/jail) sentence Midway
sponsored punishment Museum of London
status symbol put sb's hands up National Gallery
stereotype release Natural History Museum
stereotypical right Cn) Ohio
street collection rob (v) Oxford Street
suicide robber Pacific Ocean
tolerant robbery Piccadilly Circus
tolerate run away Queen Elizabeth of England
wealth shoot River Thames
wealthy shoplifter Royal Academy of Arts
well-off siren Royal Observatory Greenwich
speeding Science Museum
Crime and punishment statement Sherlock Holmes Museum
steal South Africa
accuse of stop Cv) South Carolina
arrest Cv) swear St Martin-in-the-Fields Church
attack Cv) terrorise St Paul's Cathedral
blackmailer terrorist attack State Rooms, Buckingham Palace
break into the accused (n) Taj Mahal
break out Cof prison/jail) theft Tate Modern
bullying thief the Middle Ages
burglar trial the Renaissance
catch Cv) under arrest the Scouts
cheat uniform the Wimbledon Championships
client vandalise Tower Bridge Exhibition
commit a crime vandalism Tower of London
community service victim Westminster Abbey
court violent crime World War Two
courtroom witness
crime
criminal (n)
damage (v)
drink -driving
effective/ineffective

113
 Man
1 Complete the gaps with words from the box.

tights beard fringe pale tanned highlights shaven parting plaits dress leather
jewellery dyed chains tracksuit pony tails

Sf rRa1C)Y7'hlkSum,m,erl
Dyed hair is in: try exciting new shades of red, C9,a-s ____ are out: no zebra heads, please!
blond and chocolate. 9 Pony are out: long hair should be
A central is in: keep it straight and tied in a knot at the back of your head.
exactly in the middle of your head. 10 _ _ _ _ skin is out: It's not cool to look like
2 are in: you should hayethat 'Iillle you worked in the fields all day.
girl hairstyle'for the beach this summer. 11 Heavy gold are out: if you want to
3 A complexion is in: stay out of the look trendy, wear something delicate made of
sun and remember to use filters. silver.
4 Gold is out: wear something 12 Don't grow a goatee they're out:
handmade to look original! and you don't want to look like your uncle this
summer.
5 The clean- look for men is in: your
chin should be smooth, like baby's skin - and 13 Remember to wear a only when
no moustaches! doing sports. Mind you! - it should be fitted not
6 A smart is definitely in. Choose baggy!
a summer style and wear it with a necklace in 14 Thick _ _ _ _ are out: wear trainer socks
the evening! instead.
7 Wear a long they're definitely in: 15 clothes are definitely out: we are
it should finish in a perfect straight line just not going to kill animals for the sake of fashion!
above your eyebrows.

2 Write words for definitions. The first letter of each 3 Choose the correct alternatives.
word is given.
She usually hurts people's feelings. She's
age lines on an older person's face a sensitive. C impractical.
wri[!l;l~.2 b sensible. @) insensitive.
1 smooth, delicate material for elegant dresses He is absent· minded - he is
and scarves a concentrating. c alert.
s b focused. d forgetful.
2 wearing untidy clothes 2 Which adjective cannot be used to describe
a good student?
3 artificial hair worn by a bald person or a judge a conscientious c lazy
w b hard-working d self-disciplined
4 red colour to put on your lips 3 Andy has always been afraid of trying new things
1 _ ___ _ _ _ or taking risks, he is defInitely
5 it's a part of a coat or a jacket that you can a unadventurous. c brave.
put on your head b adventurous. d risk-loving.
h 4 It's incredible how my grandparents have been so
6 pretty little marks in your cheeks when loving and _ _ towards each other for over fifty
you smile years!
d __ _ __ _ a inconsiderate c fun-loving
7 you put it on your eyelashes to make them b affectionate d wlkind
look thicker 5 As a _ _ businesswoman, she's made a great
fortune.
a indecisive b timid c shrewd d insecure

114
Home
1 Complete the text with the words from the boxes. 2 Complete the sentences. Make new words from
the words in capital letters.
bustling countryside attractive depressing
villages The beds were uncomfortable and very
hard. COMFORT
They didn't go on their honeymoon to Hawaii 1 It was an old, building
or the Caribbean. In fact, they didn't go from the sixteenth century. HISTORY
anywhere as they had spent all their money to
buy their first house. 2 The house is located in
When the wedding reception was over, they a area far away from
inunediately got into their old mini and dashed the city centre. PEACE
into the 1 , leaving behind the noise 3 The fountain adds to the _ _ __
of the 2 city. It took them quite a atmosphere of the garden. MAGIC
while to get to their new house, as they had to
go through at least four 3 on their 4 The place is tranquil but
abit _ _ __ DESERT
way. Although it didn't look 4 at first
sight, they couldn't wait to see it. Finally, they
arrived at a 5 house with a grey 3 Match the words with definitions.
facade.
urban area [] 3 industrial 0
1 suburbs o 4 district 0
residents
garden
fence chair elegant tub 2 capital o 5 village 0

As they opened the gate attached to a tall iron

6 , they nearly fell into an old, dirty
a a part of a town/city
pool the size of a bath 7 , which b a city where a state government is
instead of water was filled with old litter c with cottages
apparently discarded by the former d with factories rather than houses and flats
8 . As they were making their way e the area on the edge of the city where
through the 9 they discovered an old most people live
broken rocking 10 somebody had left f an area in the city/town
under a tree. Then, in the middle of a terribly
neglected lawn, they saw a bench. It didn't
. look 11 , so scratched and stained all
4 Choose the correct alternatives .
over. The old town was destroyed and although it was
_ _ by its inhabitants, it is not as magnificent
restoration corridor magnificent as before.
a restored c renovated
Climbing the 12 marble stairs, they
couldn't know that not only was it the
® rebuilt d refurnished
beginning of their happy marriage, but also of 1 The office is conveniently located in the business
the constant 13 of the house, which
would last the following twenty years. a countryside
The sun was hardly shining through what had b village
once been transparent windows as they were C district
sitting on an old wooden floor in the d neighbourhood
14 of their first house.
2 The city centre is an attractive area to live but it
gets very in the evenings.
a noisy
b shabby
c bustling
d wonderful
3 The old parliament building is definitely
_ __ _ seeing.
a famous
b superb
c magnificent
d worth

115
 School
1 Match the verbs with the nouns. Then use the 2 Match the words with definitions.
expressions in the correct forms to complete
the text. end-of-term exams If]

1 graduate 0 a at university 1 a term 0

2 skip 0 b truant 2 honours degree 0
3 enrol §] c classes 3 a hall of residence 0
4 play 0 d your fmal exams
4 a school excursion
attend e your principal about
0
5 0
6 ask 0 f on studying
5 a fresher 0
7 pass 0 9 school a one of the two or sometimes three periods the
8 concentrate 0 h from your school school year is divided into
9 sit in 0 of university
b a British university degree above the basic level in
10 drop out 0 the front row a certain subject
Do you want to enrol at university c a short journey arranged for a group of school
in the future? If you do, you have to students
remember that you have to d a college or university building where students live
I first. Forget about
e a student who has just started at a college or
....,-_:----::-:::- or 3 in university
a local park. You'd be better off
4 regularly and paying exams a student has to take at the end of each
attention in lessons. It would be term
reasonable to ' __:-:--:-_ _
extra-curricular activities your school 3 Choose the correct alternatives.
offers and attend some of them too. All
this will certainly help you She graduated _ _ university in 1998.
6 and enter the university. a of b to (0 from d out of
As a first-year student you will have to 1 A board is
work even harder. If you stay in a hall of a something you can keep your essays in.
residence, you will probably find it b something your teachers write on when teaching
difficult to 7 as there may lessons.
be so many attractions around. However, c something every student has in their schoolbag.
you must realize that it's easy to d something you do your homework on.
8 if you don't have good
results. 2 A pupil is
a a university student.
So, as a student, enjoy your studies. b a child who goes to school.
When attending classes or lectures, c a student of medicine.
9 and listen carefully to
d a student of a college.
the teacher. Remember it will certainly
payoff in the future. 3 He's been attending _ _ this school for over two years.
a to b at cfrom d-
4 Students have half-term holiday
a in the middle of a school term.
b to rest after the first month of the school year.
c after the whole school year.
d in surruner.
5 To sit an exam means exactly the same as
a to pass it.
b to take it.
c to retake it.
d to fail it.

116
Work
1 Complete the gaps with expressions from the box.
unemployed applied for be in charge of
clock in promoted an interview sacked
resign from my job working long hours
take time off overqualified
marianna2
It was last year. I had been working in this company
for four years and I was really happy with my iob. One
day the boss came and told me that I was going to get
promoted! And I simply didn't want it. I knew that
after promotion I would I many more
things and my salary wou ldn 't be much higher. I didn't
know what to do. I decided to 2 and go
on holiday instead. At least this was the right decision.
echo
Everybody thought I was happy there but I was bored
to death and the boss was horrible to me. I wanted to
3_ _ _ _ _ but I didnl know how to do it. I was so
desperate to leave that I started to be late for work
and I stopped 4 . The result was that they
, _ _ _ _ _ me. which made me feel so great'
lastbit
But you have had some iobs at least. I never managed
to get a job in the first place - I always failed in the
process! Once I was at 6 when I
suddenly had such a bad toothache that I couldn't say
anything but simply ran out of the room and straight
to the dentist. When I 7 the second job I
almost succeeded but my grandmother died and I got
depressed. So I'm still , _ _ _ _ _
marianna2
You know what's awful? When you are so desperate
to get any job and once you 're interviewed to get one,
they tell you that you are 9 to do it'
But it may be even worse! I have just remembered
what my friend told me. Her bus was late and she ran
to 10 on time but she slipped on the wet
floor and broke her leg. I don't think anything can be
worse than that!
2 Match the words with definitions.
a permanent job [I] 3 a part-time job o a out.
1 a temporary job 0 4 a CV o 3 I must work' I must _ _ a living.
2 a full-time job 0 5 a job centre o a save
a a job for a short time
b a job for eight hours a day
and five days a week
c a place where jobs are advertised
d you send it to your future employer
e a job, for example, for four hours a day
f a job for a long time
3 Complete the text with the names of the professions.
My Class
They all used to be in the same class and I used to be their
class master. However, each of them had totally different
ambitions. For example, Fiona always liked drama and was
the star of every school play. No wonder she became an
ag £ r: § 2: ~ . Liz on the other hand, preferred Maths and
was very clever at calculations. She's worked for a few
financial institutions and is now a lb ____ -' Then there's
Pete who would often read car magazines under his desk.
Now I hear he's the best 2C m _______ in
the whole town! He's even managed to repair my
thirty-year-old mini! David, who claimed he was no good
at foreign languages, after spending his gap year in France,
studied the French language. Nowadays, he works as an
3j __________ for a big language centre and yesterday
he interpreted for the American president! As for Lucy,
I always knew she would make a wonderful 4v _ _ .
I wonder how many four-legged creatures and birds she's
treated successfully.
The jobs of my former pupils vary so much, there is
a 5g ____ _ _ d ___ __ __ who makes brochures
and illustrations for several publishing companies and
aOh _ ____ _ ____ , who can always offer you the
best hairstyle. Our class joker is a 7C _ __ _ , touring
the world with his circus. Tim , who is a Bd _ ___ _ _
i ________ _ and has successfully taught dozens of
people how to drive safely, has told me that our class boss
Sam has become a 9C _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of a large company. You
may wonder how I know this all. Well, of course, from Tina,
my tOm _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ who takes care of my nails!
" Choose the correct alternatives.
Salary is money that
a is paid according to t he number of hours you
work.
@ you get from the company once a month .
c a pensioner gets .
d an unemployed person gets.
A_ _ is responsible for cleaning Offices,
houses, etc.
a fIreman b musician C monk d cleane r
2 I had family problems and I wanted t o take some
time
b free. c in. d off.
b hold c earn d pay
4 He was unemployed. He was out
a of w ork . c from career.
b of j ob. d from employment.
5 It was fIve o'clock: he swi tched off the machines,
put on his coat and clocked
a in. b an. c out. d off.
6 He _ _ his secr etmy because she had always
been late for work .
a took b dismissed c resigned d made 117
 Family and social life
1 Match the words. Use the correct form of the
expressions to complete the sentences below.
1 bump 0 a late
2 bring up 0 b of my favourite T-shirt
3 stay out IiI c on his workers
4 put 0 d against the whole world
e children
5 grow out 0 are cute, because you're so small and innocent.
6 look down 0 f up with her parents
7 look 0 9 with your parents
8 rebel 0 h after his grandma
9 tell 0 i into myoid schoolmate
10 fall out 0 j him off
I don't understand why his parents allow
her to stay out late, she's only thirteen and
should be home at 8 p.m. at the latest!
1 When John's parents are away for business,
he ,does the
shopping for her and walks her dog.
2 It's a small world! When I was on holiday in
Egypt, I who was
visiting the Great Pyramid of Cheops.
3 is a really serious
matter! It's not easy to be a parent.
4 If you still don't know what to give me for
my birthday, here's a little tip : buy me a
jazzy top as I've _ __ __ _ __
5 Just don't for
something that he hasn't done! He is really
innocent!
6 She'd like to live on her own, she can't
7 What's going on with my fifteen-year-old
son? He criticizes everything and everybody
and seems to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __
2 Complete the text with the correct word or words from
the box.
socialise adolescent clear childhood
strict leave take chores adolescence
teddlel
When you are a toddler, everybody says you
Of course, you are too young to
1 , so you don't hang around with
your friends in a park. Consequently, your
parents have nothing to complain about. Then,
when you t urn three or four years old, your
parents send you to a kindergarten so that
you can learn and have fun with other kids.
It's usually a good part of your 2_ _ _,...,.._
as long as you don't have to take a nap right in
t he middle of the day! When you are six, you
go to school, but again none of your teachers
is too 3 as they try to be friendly
and helpful. However, as time passes, your
teachers become more and more demanding.
They make you learn more. Moreover, your
parents change as well. They start to become
repetitive and boring, telling you to wash up
after you 4 the table. Whenever
you watch TV, they will come and tell you to
5 care of your schoolwork. And
those awful household 6 ! Winking
at each other confidentially, your parents
would ask you, 'Isn't it your turn today to
7 the table after meals?'
And then on your thirteenth birthday, you fmd
out you're about to go through the hardest
stage of life, called 8 . Although
everybody admits it is tough to be an
9 , nobody seems to really
understand you.

8 Why does he ? As a 3 Choose the correct alternatives.

boss he should rather respect and
appreciate them. We have a lot common.
9 You look depressed. Did you a with @in c on d-
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ again?
1 If a person has good manners, it means he or she
a has been badly brought up.
b has received a good upbringing.
c hasn't received a good upbringing.
d doesn't know how to behave in social situations.
2 A gaming geek
a never plays games. c is crazy about games.
b rarely plays games. d can't stand games.
3 Teenagers often look for exciting role
a models. c people.
.
b authorities.
4 To insult somebody means
d teams .

a to say something rude.

b to say something nice.
e to compliment somebody.
118 d to flatter somebody.
Food, Shopping and services
1 Complete the advertisements with the correct 3 Complete the text with the names of shops and
words. The first letter of each word is given. services.

If you want to stay fit,

drink our juicesl
Try the b I iU;, l; l! r r i!. n !; juice,
a great source of vitamin C.
Forgotten your 'p _____ lunch 7
Don't worry! Buy our freshly made
"5 ________ 5.
We have dozens of them on offer.
Cheese, ham. vegetarian.
You name It, we have itl
Theyare 3d ________ tool
Brighten up 310ur dinner
. 4t food.
WIth our ------- . serve it!
An 310U have to do at home ~
On our menu we have roast b - - -'
• 6
· ken WIth sesame S - - - -
Ch le t, we have
an, d if ""ou don't eat mea dishes too!
a lot of ' v _ - - - - - - --
2 Choose the correct alternatives.
Diets
The first step towards a diet is noting down
in detail what you actually eat.
Unfortunately, when you count the calories
Lady Welloff was very happy. She had a date with Mr Cute!
She was twenty years older but forty times richer than
Mr Cute. her former gardener, and that was enough to
impress any man. 'Money makes a woman beautiful; she
said to herself. as she drove to the bank . She took out
a large swn of money and bought herself an expensive little
black dress. Then she had her hair dyed blond and styled.
'I look like Marilyn Monroe; she said when she saw herself
in the mirror. A little later she went to a I salon
to have her make-up done. In a nearby 2 shop
she bought a pair of red high· heeled boots. At the
3 she bought a new crimson red Lipstick and
some aspirin: 'In case I have a headache: she thought. She
looked in the window of the shop next door and suddenly
she had an idea: 'Men can't resist women who love animals:
She hurried inside the 4 shop and bought a
hamster in a pretty yellow cage. Finally, she remembered
that Mr Cute was actually coming for dinner, and she hadn't
bought anything to eat! So she rushed to the 5_ _:--:--
with the poor hamster in her hand and bought some little
roUs. at the 6 she bought some beautiful
grapes, and at the 7 a big piece of beef.
The evening didn't go quite as plan ned. Mr Cute was
vegetarian and it turned out that he was allergic to hamsters
too - in the end it was he who needed the aspirin!
Luckily, the record he had bought for her in a 8_ _ __
shop turned out to be rea11y beautiful, so they listened to it with
pleasure, sipping the wine he4i bought in a food section of
a \) store.
,84~

later, it appears the most (appetising) /

nutritious / unappetising food is usually
the fattiest. It might appear that your 4 Choose the correct alternatives.
problem are those three 'steaks / slices /
chops of bacon that you eat with your eggs We buy newspapers at the
for breakfast. Or the three sweet ' burgers / a grocer's. c barber's.
buns / spoons every night. 'Juicy / Junk / ® newsagent's. d baker's.
Bland food is the devil: all these chips and 1 My email box is always full of
crisps and cookies. But even healthy food a billboards. c spam.
can make you fat. 'Bread / Seafood / Lettuce
with butter and honey is good for your b slogans. d campaigns.
breakfast but if you eat ten slices, it will 2 I need some money. Where is the nearest cash
make you fat! Eating 'off/on / out is also a register? c trolley?
a problem - you never know what they put b dispenser? d store?
in those dishes. Also a tasty 6takeuay /
stale / tough dish such as a creamy chicken 3 The radio broke down. I have to _ _ a complaint.
karma with fried rice can kill any diet! a do b make c bring d say
When you are not sure whether your diet is 4 I'm afraid this suit is _ _ stock in your size.
healthy or not, consult a 'vegetarian / We have more on order.
dietician / 1'efreshment to get professional a out from b in c out of d on
advice. When you look at your habits, it will
probably appear that you simply eat too 5 First _ _ the potatoes and then _ _ them.
much. And the best diet for you is called a season, peel c bake, cook
EL - Eat Less' b peel, slice d cook, beat
6 If you don't cover the bread, it will go _ _
a stale. b bland. c off. d stiff.
119
 Travelling and tourism
1 Complete the sentences with words from the box. 3 Are the statements true (T) or false (F)?
Then put them in the correct order.
You wait for boarding in the
announcement boarded bMked locker departure lounge.
luggage gate seat seat belt took
went
1 An overnight stay lasts three nights. D
I booked the flight. ITl
a I looked for my _ _ __ D 2 There is usually some important
b I fastened my _ _ _ D information on the departures board. D
C The plane off. D
dI the plane. D 3 An abbey is a huge church. D
e I checked in my _ _ __ D
f I went to my _ _ __ D 4 A pedestrian crosses the street in a car. D
9 I put my luggage in the overhead _ __ D
h I I went through passport _ _ __ D 5 In a duty free shop you pay more
i I listened to the flight _ _ _ D than in a regular one . D

2 Complete the text with the correct words.

6 When the flight is delayed,
it means it will be late. D

7 You check in on the plane. D

<I Choose the correct alternatives.

I need a single ticket because
@) I'm travelling alone.
b I'm going one way only.
' Ladies and gentlemen!
This is your pilot speaking. Welcome to
c I want to sit alone in a compartment.
Freefall Airlines. Our flight was due in San 1 We have our seats in this
Remo at 8.40 but because Freefall hasn't paid a accelerator. b lorry. c carriage.
the airport tax yet, I'm afraid there will be a 2 You must go through a security
three hour 1 before we can land at
our 2 ••. or maybe longer. lf you
a check. b aisle. c trying.
have a question, keep it to yourself, the cabin 3 Put your things into the _ _ locker.
3 aren't here to help you - they are a head b over c overhead
too busy discussing their weekend leave party 4 Your _ _ luggage is too heavy.
in Remo . If there is an 4 , passengers
a hand b handy c arm
in seats with even numbers should pull down
their oxygen 5 and share them with 5 A resort is a place
the passenger next to them. You will find ' _ _ a at the airport.
under your seats. If you want more b where you go on holiday.
refreshments, I hope you bought some food c on the plane .
and drink in the duty 7 shops in
B Under this castle there are old where
departures. Oh, and finally, a message for
prisoners used to be kept.
passengers sitting in the left 8_ _ __
Don't worry about the wet patch on the carpet. a fountains b dungeons c towers
There's a small leak from the toilet on that side.
We hope to see you again on board of Freefall
Airlines. '

120
Culture
1 Complete the text with the correct adjectives. 2 Complete the sentences. Make new words from
the words in capital letters.

I reaily loved the band. The <;luitarist

was amazing! GUITAR
1 At the exhibition there are not only Picasso's
paintings, but also his early DRAW
2 Jane Austen was an English _ _ __
whose books earned her a place as one of
the greatest writers in English literature. NOVEL
3 If you can't find the Renaissance _ __ _
the gailelY attendant will help you
find it. EXHIBIT
4 My favourite film _ _ _ _ is Pedro
Almod6var. DIRECT
F rida Kah10 5 One of the greatest Italian Renaissance
Frida Kahlo is one of the most fa 2 c i n i! tin g -,-_.,-_ Michelangelo was only thirty
artists of the twentieth century. The Mexican when he sculpted two of his best-known
painter born in 1907 painted lots of works, the Pieta and David. SCULPTURE
lam _ z __ g portraits and self-portraits. 6 Their at the Royal Theatre
Although her joined eyebrows and folk clothes was spectacular. PERFORM
made her look unconventional, she was a very
attractive woman. Even in The Self-Portrait 3 Choose the correct alternatives.
with Cropped Hair, where her hair is cut
short and she is wearing men's clothes, she is There were paintings in big
' st _ nn ___ . This is a strangely ' thr _ 1 ___ _ @ frames. c stages.
piece of art. We do not really know why she b sculptures. d portraits.
has cut her hair, and it lies all arowld her seated He found his live _ _ in front of the jwy
flgure in long wild strands. We can learn from
so stressful that he forgot the lyrics of the song.
her biography that this portrait was a symbol
of revenge taken on her husband, a Mexican a game b audition c drama d audience
muralist, Diego Rivera. Indeed, her life was a 2 The performance was hilarious. It was
stormy one. In the ' sp _ c __ c ____ work a very funny. c ridiculous.
The Two Fridas she presents two portraits of b very bad. d monotonous.
herself. The Mexican Frida and the European
3 The band has a _ _ very early in the morning,
Frida are holding hands.
practising new pieces.
Some critics claim that Frida portrayed only a performance c audition
her life and couldn't depart from that. b rehearsal d cover
In their opinion, paintings like My Birth, in
4 Please mum, let me go to the _ _ . My favourite
which Frida is giving birth to herself, are sinlply
'TI __ c _____. Others have found her endless band will be playing.
self-portraits slightly ' m _ n _ t _____ , a orchestra c rock
representing a kind of auto-therapy and as b symphony d gig
such, not real art. 5 Who wrote the _ _ for this play?
Although a bus accident left her with serious a image c font
and lasting injuries and she had to undergo b masterpiece d screenplay
thirty-flve operations, she preserved a special 6 This actor played the main _ _ in my favourite
sense of humour. She was a very 7wi __ _ comedy.
person and she laughed a lot, even at herself a group b character c plot d scene
and her troubles. Lots of people regard Frida
as an 8ecc n artist. To me she was a 7 The range of musical notes between the first note
' br 1 artist. of a scale and the last one is called
a an octave. c lyrics.
b a Iytlun. d special effects.
8 In a choir, you have to sing _ _ with the other
singers .
a out of tune c in tune
b with tillle d at the tune
121
 Sport
1 Are the statements are true (T) or false (F)? 3 Complete the text with the correct words.
You practise ballroom dancing with
a partner.
1 If you really want to slim down, you have
to watch your weight.
III

0
o ~ E A M
2 Weight training helps develop muscles. 0 SPORT S
3 A trampoline is used for breakdancing.
4 Practise sport if you want to keep fit.
0
0 C ENT R E
5 Body building is a diet. 0 00 you fancy trying out a new sport? Are you an
adventu rous type and enjoy r isk taki ng? If your
6 Archery is an Olympic sport. 0 answer is yes, our 5 P9rt? c~l'Jt r~is just for
7 Working out in a gym for eight hours you.
Do you somet imes wis h you could fly? Why not t ry
every day is a very healthy way lp _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ j ____ _ _ ? At first,
to keep fit. 0 you will jump with your instructor, but when you
improve your ski lls, yo u will form hybr ids or even
8 A wetsuit is usually made of rubber. 0 2d _ _ _ in the air with other parachutists.
You don 't believe it 's ~os5ible to walk on the
surface of water? Try j _ _ 5 _____ then!
2 Complete the gaps with words from the box.
Skipping over the waves on t his superfast machine
you will have the time of your life!
golf quad jumping wetsuit sphereing When you watch 4j _ _ -s _____ _ on TV, do you
wind-surfing personal trainer adventure ask yourself why you haven't done any of the
extreme tricks on an ice- rink yet? It means you have to join
our course!
My grandson is keen on sports and that's OK. Would you like to go on an exciting expedition? Why
not join a group of kayakers and find out what sea
What worries me, though, is that whenever he 5k _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is like. With us you can cover long
talks about the sports, I feel as if he's speaking a distances and experience great 6a _ _ _ _ ____ _
foreign language to me. For example, he says he on t he open sea!
prefers I tubing to river bugs because it 0 0 you think you've put on weight recently? There 's
a way out, start 7b ___ _ __ your ca lories by doing
gives him a lot more thrill on the river! Every one of the sports we have on offer. You don't nee d
weekend he goes out with his friends ' :-:-:-::_. to buy any sports Se ____ __ __ as we' lI provide
biking, but I have never seen this special bike he you with everything you need.
rides, or maybe it's not a bike? Yesterday, he told Don 't worry about 9s ____ _, we guarantee you' ll
me excitedly about 3 but I got dizzy be safe and secure!
listening about all this rolling inside a plastic ball
with your body upside down. Now, he's packing
for a sports camp where he's going to try bungee <I Choose the correct alternatives.
4 • Of course, I mustn't tell his parents The players wore elbow _ _ to prevent injuries.
about that! Well, he puts me in a hard position a suits ® pads c ropes d slopes
because I worry about him too. He's trying on
his new 5 for scuba diving. He says it will 1 I watched this football match and I think the
protect him from very low temperatures deep other team didn't play _ _ the rules.
in water. You know what? He's surfing on my a by b an c with d for
carefully polished shiny floor in the corridor. But 2 There were no goals. It was a scoreless
my flat is not an ocean and he is not 6 ! a draw. b shot. c kick. d team.
Well, I'm proud of my grandson but I wish he
would take up 7 and play it in the garden 3 Which of these is not a winter sport?
on my nicely trimmed lawn . It would be a lot a skiing c wind-surfmg
safer than all these 8 sports. Anyway, b snowboarding d skating
I must finish now, I'd tell you more about my 4 The committee _ _ up rules for modern cricket.
grandson but my 9 is giving me another a painted c designed
lesson of hang-gliding today so I must be going! b wrote d drew
Take care everybody!
5 Our PE teacher was measuring the speed of the
runners with a
a stopwat~h. c measure.
b stopper. d ruler.
6 Crocket is played on
a ice. c grass.
b a beach. d wooden Iloor.
122
Health
1 Complete the text with the words from the box. 3 Match the problems with the advice.

backache alive fainted colour blind I am colour blind. ~

stomachache allergic feel sick sore 1 I suffer from insomnia. D
depression sneezing 2 My eyes are sore. D
Doctor, I'm lucky to be still alive. When I watch 3 I sneeze all the time. D
TV for only four hours, my eyes get 4 I cough a lot. D
. Surfing the Internet for ten hours
1 5 I'm addicted to chocolate. D
gives me terrible 2
I'm 3
. What's more,
to the crisps I munch on when a You should buy some syrup. D ==
::5
playing computer games. My skin gets itchy
and I keep 4

I suffered from 5
all the time after
eating only three or four packets. Last winter,
which made me
constantly tired and sleepy. To make matters
b You should have allergy tests.
c Place cucumber slices on your eyelids.
d You should definitely cut down on it.
e You mustn't drive then.
D
D
D
D
=
la
c:c
Co)
worse, my sister says I'm 6 because f Why don't you take these sleeping pills? D
I can't tell pink from orange and blue from Q
green, which worries me too. Next, when I eat
out in my favourite fast food restaurant, which
<I Choose the correct alternatives. >
I only do on Tuesdays and Fridays, I get I need to have my tooth removed. I must go to a
::E
=
a terrible 7 . Sometimes I even a manicurist. c butcher.
8 and can't drink any fizzy drinks. @)dentist. d instructor.
When I have PE lessons, I sweat doing even
the simplest exercise. Last week I almost
1 Learn how to make the surroundings safer to W
prevent injUIY if an attack of _ _ occurs.
9 , which was so embarrassing
because it caused so much fuss. As I am a insomnia c concentration
obviously seriously ill, please exempt me from b epilepsy d cough
my PE lessons. 2 I am really worried .because she still has _ _
a a flu. c cold.
2 Write words for the definitions. The first letter b flu. d breath.
of each noun is given.
3 _ _ result in redness and swelling in the injured
It's when you have a pain in your back. area.
bl!£!<:l!£h~ a Flu c Insect bites
1 It is a serious brain disorder which may b An alarm call d An implant
cause convulsive attacks. e _____ _ _ 4 The patient had _ _ injuries and they took him
2 You probably it if you sneeze or cough
~ave
to hospital.
when certain plants blossom. h __ f ___ r a cuts c chest
b memory d blood
3 It's a disease that affects a particular part of
your body and is caused by a virus or 5 She suffers insomnia.
bacteria. i _______ _ a of cin
4 It's a doctor who treats mental diseases. b because d from
p----------- 6 The boy had a bandaged knee and some cuts and
5 You stick it to your skin when you have a on his arms.
small wound. p _____ _ a bruises c flies
b brows d twists

123
 Science and technology
1 Complete the text. For each gap choose the correct 2 Write words for the definitions. The first letter of
alternatives. each noun is given.
an electronic letter e ill ;; i !
an Internet diary b __ _
2 a place on your screen with tool icons
t _____ _
almtop computers are small portable
P devices the size of your palm that you
can take almost everywhere. Most modern
3 It can destroy documents or programmes.
v
4 It helps you to find information.
palmtops can I the Internet, so s __ _ __ e ____ _
even if you are away from home, school 5 a little arrow on the screen c _ __ _ _
or work, you can take advantage of it.
With the help of a 2 , you can 3 Complete the text with the correct words.
look for some information and browse the
Internet. Palmtops are not as powerful as SCIENCE NEWS
full - sized computers but their 3_ _ __
may include an appOintment calendar, Some s'" l ", !, !. L ~!. ~ believe that it is possible that worms
a calculator, a to-do list and many other exist deep beneath the surtace of other planets
options. However, their memory is usually In a new study, researchers have d _________ that
too small for larger 4 . Because of tarantulas can shoot silk from their feet.
the size, most palmtops have no keyboard. 2 Anthropologists have found the last common a_______ of
This requires the user to write directly on chimpanzees and humans, which was humans' closest relative.
the screen. The majority of palmtops have 3 More and more schools teach children the basics of
' _ _ _ _ for entering data, but there are e__________ , teaching how to construct small devices,
also ones that use special keypads for input. miniature houses or bridges.
Users who like reading books may keep 4 S___________ argue that divorce rate does not always
6 on their palmtops, which is reflect actual interactions among people.
very convenient especially during a journey.
5 A Japanese company has invented an awesome v _____ _
Drivers will probably have 7 on
reality game. It not only transforms a computer into a 3D system
their palmtops. The latest 8 are but also creates high fidelity realistic experience in a virtual
combined with 9 , so you can use
jungle.
them to make a call. Modern palmtops can
6 The US military developed a r With a teddy bear head to
connect to a PC through a 10_ _ __
help carry injured soldiers away from the battlefield.
7 More and more archaeologists are using computers to
1 a battery c an inbox r _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the environment and conditions of the past,
b a cursor d access including objects, buildings, and landscapes.
2 a blog c iPhone 8 Physicists have invented water that doesn't f _____ even at
b profile d search engine temperatures near absolute zero.
3 a spyware C voice mail
b software d volume
4 a docwnents c signals 01 Choose the correct alternatives.
b toolbars d applications
To get advice or share your opinions and
5 a touch screens c inventions
interests, you can _ _ a chat group.
b batteries d engines
6 a vibrating alert c ring tones
a get @ join c work d keep
b ebooks d games console She helped me to _ _ my favourite film.
7 a camera c GPS a act b fix C press d download
b comments d volume 2 I sent her an email and _ _ a photo of Krissy.
8 a signals c text messages a checked b attached clinked d derived
b models d features
3 I have to help my grandma buy the most
9 a a mobile phone c a phonebook _ _ _ _~ mobile.
b a wheel e a message board
a flexible c portable
10 a profile c a battery
b user-friendly d artificial
b USB port d email
4 There's a new message in my
a manual. b wheel. c voice mail. d volume.
124
Nature and the environment
1 Complete the text. For each gap choose the correct 3 Are the statements true (T) or false (F)?
answer.
Foxes live on rocks. lE]

1 Octopuses have fur. D

2 Peacocks are mammals. D
The long·awaited sequel of the famous 1998 Disaster
movie stars the brilliant Brian Hurray and Lilian Dress. 3 Eagles are predators. D
Hurray, the star of such movies as Dynamic Victim and
Recharge plays the part of Professor Killian whose aim
4 Bees make honey.
5 Toads a birds.
D
D
i;:
is to save humanity. The stunning Lilian Dress (Date,
Satin Body) helps the professor to save the world. And
6 Primates are extinct.
7 Tabby cats live only in Africa.
D ~
D
the world has to _a_ not one disaster but a whole
chain of them. First, a cloud of I covers the 8 A worm can stamp its feet. D ==
m
~
Earth and blocks 2 all the sunlight. This
causes climate 3 . Heavy rains cause
4 Choose the correct alternatives.
~
_ _ _ _ and a 5 of food. It becomes
colder and colder and in the icy temperatures all animal Which of these is an amphibian?
_ _ _ _ become extinct; their dead bodies pollute a pike bworm @frog d eagle
the atmosphere and finally cause a 7_ _ __ :lE
=
pandemic. How will the brave professor and his beautiful 1 Ravens are
friend save the planet? You simply must see for a not black.
yourselves. b as small as snails.
c black. W
d dangerous to people.
@jface b stand up c meet d enter 2 Which of these are molluscs?
1 a mud b molten c dust d coast a meerkats c mussels
2 a on b against c off d out b cockroaches d eels
3 a effect b change c wave d flood 3 Its formula is H,S04'
a mud c petrol
4 a floods b droughts c pets d epidemics b water d sulphuric acid
5 a short b shortage clacking d small 4 Which of these is an insect?
6 a specials b acids c species d plants a an eel C a goat
7 a climate b viral c flu d wave b a pike d a beetle
5 The _ _ lava destroyed the village.
2 Complete the sentences. Make new words from a missile cmud
the words in capital letters. b molten d explosion
Eels look strange - I think their appearance
is really weird . APPEAR
1 The most deadly , which
killed three million people, was in 1928
in China. DRY
2 Gorillas are ---,_ _ _ animals:
their number decreases drastically
every year. DANGER
3 Look at this kitten, it's so _ _ __
and cute. FUR
4 gases make the ozone
layer thinner. GREEN
5 Pompei was destroyed
by a eruption. VOLCANO

125
 State and society
1 Complete the gaps with words from the box.
mugger guilty arrest noise-nuisance
stole police officer vandalised shoplifter
drink-driving robbery ,3;wlals court
attacked robber speeding ran away gun
2 For each sentence write the crime and the criminal.
The driver had 3.1 per mill alcohol in blood.
drink-drivin", drink-driver
1 A group of teenagers demolished a bus stop.
v_ _ __ v _ _ __

Orchard Local News 2 She hid in her pockets two bottles

of milk, a shampoo and a pair of socks.
A group of vandal5 has been caught by the s,_ _ __ s_ _ __
police destroying a new playground in the
Central Park. The police say a group of teen 3 The bomb set at the airport left 11 0 people
boys and girls 1 the new slides, dead.
merry-go-rounds and swings in the area. t t _ _ __
4 The elderly lady was attacked and robbed
The police are looking for a person who in a dark street.
2 twenty packages of anti-aging cream m _ _ __ m _ _ __
from The Beauty Shop in Oak Avenue last Friday.
The shop's personnel are looking for the 5 Her being silent about his love affair cost
3 who ran away at 15:30 last Friday. him one thousand pounds.
They say it was a medium-height, plump woman b b, _ __
wearing a pink dress and an orange hat.
3 Choose the correct alternatives,
A florist in Skylark Street was 4 by
an armed 5 who is still at large. The Some people say that _ _ is not always good
6 occurred at 13:20 last Tuesday. because criminals can find ways to remove the
The robber entered the shop, approached the tags.
shop assistant and, pointing a 7 at @) electronic tagging c arrest
her, ordered her to hand over all the roses that b ban d graffiti
were in the shop. Having grabbed the flowers, he
8_ _ __ The twenty fIrst century is marked by the growth
of _ _, as more and more people believe that it
Residents of Orchard District are frustrated over is good to buy and use a lot of goods and services.
the inconsiderate actions of the manager of the a revolution c influence
local disco. David Loud owns two local pubs and b consumerism d charity
an open air disco . Every night, the residents
complain about the 9 caused by the 2 Society _ _ such major problems as massive
disco. If the problem continues, the residents will migration, aggression and violence.
take Mr Loud to 10_ _ _ __ a bans b sues c faces d commits
3 Three Romanov of Russia were named
Linda Awesome, the idol of many teenagers, was Alexander.
stopped after 11 at 80 mph in a 45
mph zone in Chester last week. As she failed a a queens b poets C rulers d presidents
breath test, she was charged with 4 Unexpectedly, a new witness was
12 . However, Miss Awesome says a called. b shouted. c said. d spoken.
she was fortunate to be stopped by the traffic
13 before she seriously injured any 5 Armament is the process of preparing an army for
other person. war by giving it
a food. c clothes.
The teenager who attacked two elderly ladies in b weapons. d medicines.
Rose Street and stole their handbags is already 6 The criminals always think they will get away
under 14 . The 15-,-_ _-,--;-
the crime.
claimed he desperately needed money to buy his
grandmother some medicines. He also says he a from b out c with d in
doesn't feel 16 at all. 7 A strongly built shelter for soldiers, usually
underground is called a
a banker. b prison. c bunker. d bank.

126
English-speaking countries
1 Complete the text. Use the names of museums and 2 What are the speakers talking about? Match the
galleries in London from the box. correct names to the sentences below.

Blitislt Ml1setlft' London Dungeon Royal Academy of Arts Piccadilly Circus

Design Museum Museum of London Harrods The Scouts Borough Market
Fashion and Textile Museum Tate Modern St Martin-in-the-Fields Church
Natural History Museum National Gallery Sherlock Holmes Museum
The Courtauld Institute of Art Gallery
Madame Tussauds It flows through London. (The Thames)
re
What can you see in
1 I've bought all this food in London's oldest
::s
=
food market. They always sell fresh fruit and

London? vegetables there. You get the best fish and

the meat is always fresh.
2 I've been there twice but the prices are
m
You definitely won't have time to see all the
definitely for the richest. Who can afford CC
museums and galleries during a short visit Co)
but here are the Top Ten museums and ganerie5 a pair of shoes that costs a rnillion pounds?
you shouldn't miss If you have time. C
British Museum
It is said to be the best museum in the world with over
3 Wow! It looked like Holmes and Watson just >
had gone for a walk and would be back any
:E

=
200,000 exhibits! The museum in which pharaohs, Buddha minute!
and Karl Marx are neighbours. Don't miss the reading
corner and the African collection. 4 I knew the church was popular for lunchtime
1 and evening concerts, so I went to one, which
In an extravagant building with a wonderful view of the was absolutely brilliant. W
Thames, this gallery has works of Picasso, Dali, Bacon,
Warhol- and many more. If you like the modern masters, 5 I know it's London's most famous meeting
don't miss it. place but I'd rather meet somewhere else.
2
Founded in 1824 it houses Great Britain's national 6 My son has become very independent, sociable
collection of European paintings. and helpful since he joined the organization.
3
This gallery has one of the most important collections in 7 Its Sununer Exhibition is the largest open
Britain. Here you can see paintings of such famous artists
contemporary art exhibition in the world.
as Michelangelo, Rembrandt, eezanne and Turner. It is
referred to as the 'collection of collections' - and the
famous collectors including, of course Samuel Courtauld.
4 3 Circle the correct words.
The museum is about the capital: its history, archeology
and culture. What can you see in Greenwich?
@the 0 Me,idian
0
c a shopping centre
5
This museum is for people who love clothes. You can see b a famous palace d rare animals
lots of collections, including Dior, but you can also learn 1 At the Institute of Contemporary Arts you can see
about the history and techniques of clothes making. a collection of
6 a modern art. c ancient jewellely.
This museum presents the design, architecture and b ancient art. d modern fashion.
fashion of the twentieth and twenty first centuries.
2 The Battle of Midway was fought in
7
It's particularly famous for its exhibition of dinosaur a 1942. b 1815. c 480. d 1410.
skeletons. 3 Ohio is
8 a a country in the UK.
located in Central London it is famous for recreating b a county Great Britain.
famous people and celebrities in wax. c a state in the USA.
d the capital city of New Zealand.
9 ;-;-cc;c-:-:-c--c-;:-:-;:-~~-,-;--;c-:-----;:------,:-­
Murder, torture, beheading and plague are its main
4 The Great Fire of London was
'attractions: Recreating the most horrible moments in
history, the museum features exhibits about various a caused by Guy Fawkes. C in 1666.
tortures from the past. bin 1566. d a fictional event.

127
 EXAM VOCABULARY PRACTICE: ANSWER KEY
MAN
1 1 parting 2 plaits 3 pale 4 jewellery 5 shaven
6 dress 7 fringe 8 highlights 9 tails 10 tanned
11 chains 12 beard 13 tracksuit 14 tights 15 leather
2 1 silk 2 scruffy 3 wig 4 lipstick 5 hood 6 dimples
7 mascara
3 1 d 2c 3a 4b 5c
CULTURE
1 1 amazing 2 stunning 3 thrilling 4 spectacular
5 ridiculous 6 monotonous 7 witty 8 eccentric
9 brilliant
2 1 drawings 2 novelist 3 exhibition 4 director
5 sculptors 6 perfonnance
3 1 b 2 a 3 b 4d 5 d 6 b 7 a 8 c

HOME SPORT
1 1 countryside 2 bustling 3 villages 4 attractive 1 11' 2 1' 3 F 4 1' 5 F 6 1' 7 F 8 T
5 depressing 6 fence 7 tub 8 residents 9 garden 2 1 adventure 2 quad 3 sphereing 4 jwnping
10 chair 11 elegant 12 magnificent 13 restoration 5 wetsuit 6 wind-surfing 7 golf 8 extreme
14 corridor 9 personal trainer
2 1 historic 2 peaceful 3 magical 4 deserted 3 1 parachute jumping 2 dive 3 jet skiing
3 1e 2b 3d 4a 5c 4 ice-skating 5 kayaking 6 adventures 7 burning
4 1c 2a 3d 8 equipment 9 safety
4 1a 2a 3c 4d 5a 6c
SCHOOL
1 1h 2c 4b 5g 6e 7d 8f 9j 10 i HEALTH
1 graduate from your school 2 skipping classes 1 1 sore 2 backache 3 allergic 4 sneezing
3 playing truant 4 attending school 5 depression 6 colour blind 7 stomachache
5 ask your principal about 6 pass your fmal exams 8 feel sick 9 fainted
7 concentrate on studying 8 drop out of university 2 1 epilepsy 2 hay fever 3 infection 4 psychiatrist
9 sit in the front row 5 plaster
2 1a 2b 3d 4c 5e 3 1f 2c 3b 4a 5d
3 1b 2b 3d 4a 5b 4 1b 2b 3c 4c 5d 6a

WORK SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

1 1 be in charge of 2 take time off 3 resign from my job
4 working long hours 5 sacked 6 at an interview
7 applied for 8 unemployed 9 0verqualified 10 clock in
2 1a 2b 3e 4d 5c
3 1 banker 2 car mechanic 3 interpreter 4 vet
5 graphic designer 6 hairdresser 7 clown
8 driving instructor 9 chainnan 10 manicurist
4 1d 2d 3c 4a 5c 6b
FAMILY AND SOCIAL LIFE
1 1 i 2 e 4 f 5 b 6 c 7 h 8 d 9 j 10 g
1 looks after his grandma 2 bwnped into myoid schoolmate
3 Bringing up children 4 grown out of my favourite T-shirt
5 tell him off 6 put up with her parents
7 rebel against the whole world 8 look down on his workers
9 fall out with your parents
2 1 socialise 2 childhood 3 strict 4 leave 5 take
6 chores 7 clear 8 adolescence 9 an adolescent
3 1b 2c 3a 4a
FOOO, SHOPPING ANO SERVICES
1 1 packed 2 sandwiches 3 delicious
4 takeaway 5 beef 6 sesame seeds 7 vegetarian
2 1 slices 2 buns 3 Junk 4 Bread 5 out 6 takeaway
7 dietician
3 1 beauty 2 shoe 3 chemist's/pharmacy 4 pet
5 baker's 6 greengrocer's 7 butcher's 8 record
9 department
4 1c 2b 3b 4c 5b 6a
TRAVELLING AND TOURISM
1 a seat b seat belt c took d boarded e luggage
f gate 9 locker h control i announcement
ehifdabc
2 1 delay 2 destination 3 crew 4 emergency
5 masks 6 lifejackets 7 free 8 aisle
3 1 F 2T 3T 4 F 5F 6 T 7 F
4 1c 2a 3c 4a 5b 6b
128
1 1 d 2 d 3 b 4 d 5 a 6 b 7 c 8 b 9 a 10 b
2 1 blog 2 tool bar 3 virus 4 search engine 5 cursor
3 1 discovered 2 ancestor 3 engineering
4 Sociologists 5 virtual 6 robot 7 recreate
8 freeze
4 1d 2b 3b 4 c
NATURE ANO THE ENVIRONMENT
1 1c 2d 3b 4a 5b 6c 7b
2 1 drought 2 endangered 3 furry 4 Greenhouse
5 volcanic
3 1 F 2 F 3 T 4T 5 F 6 F 7 F 8 F
4 1c 2c 3d 4d 5b
STATE ANO SOCIETY
1 1 vandalised 2 stole 3 shoplifter 4 attacked
5 robber 6 robbery 7 gun 8 ran away
9 noise-nuisance 10 court 11 speeding
12 drink-driving 13 police officer 14 arrest
15 mugger 16 guilty
2 1 vandalism, vandal 2 shoplifting, shoplifter
3 terrorism, terrorist 4 mugging, mugger
5 blackmail, blackmailer
3 1b 2c 3c 4a 5b 6c 7c
ENGLlSH· SPEAKING COUNTRIES
1 1 Tate Modern 2 National Gallery 3 The Courtauld
Institute of Art Gallery 4 Museum of London
5 Fashion and Textile Museum 6 Design Museum
7 Natural History Museum 8 Madame Tussauds
9 London Dungeon
2 1 Borough Market 2 Harrods 3 Sherlock Holmes
Museum 4 St Martin-in-the-Fields Church
5 Piccadilly Circus 6 The Scouts
7 Royal Acaderrw of Arts
3 1a 2a 3c 4c
SELF-ASSESSMENT TESTS: ANSWER KEY
TEST 1 I UNITS 1-2 TEST 4 I UNITS 7-8
1 1 spyware 2 downloading 3 fTeew.l're 4 attached 1 1 ambition 2 threatening 3 deserted 4 historic
5 memory 6 installing 5 inhabitants 6 responsible
2 1 around 2 into 3 on 4 around 5 up 6 down 2 1c 2e 3f 4a 5d 6b
3 1 themselves 2 each other 3 - 4 is having 3 1d 2b 3c 4d 5b 6c
5 himself 6 me ~ 1 not to go
~ 1 himself fo r being late 2 if he believed
2 each other a lot 3 we thought it had been
3 ourselves 4 had been in tOIVn the day before
4 been working since 8 a.m 5 why she hadn't told him
5 known Paul for seven years 6 to
6 yourself 5 1 have been told 2 am telling 3 told
5 1 has 4 had (never) been told 5 are told 6 are being told
2 is listening
READING
3 has recently downloaded
4 has also been watching 6 1 1" 2e 3A 40 5H 6B 7E 8c 9b
5 don't understand COMMUNICATION
6 has been tlying
7 1 cheaper than 2 the least 3 rule out 4 you think
LISTENING 5 half as 6 to go
6 1F 2T 3T 4F 5F 6T 7F 8F
COMMUNICATION TEST 5 I UNITS 9-10
7 1c 2e 3d 4b 5f 6g 7a 1 1 failed 2 chuffed 3 vocalist 4 genre 5 boasting
6 plot
TEST 2 I UNITS 3--4 2 1 self-confident 2 anxious 3 panicked
4 desperation 5 suffered 6 embarrassed
1 1 jury 2 victim 3 accused 4 sentence
5 witnesses 6 lawyer 3 1 repellent 2 sore 3 twisted 4 bruises
5 hay fever 6 infection
2 1 burglars 2 robbery 3 shoplifter 4 rehabilitation
~ 1 hadn't 2 have 3 must 4 knew/remembered
5 vandalism 6 racial
5 can't 6 only
3 1 forgetful 2 stubborn 3 decisive 4 self-centred
5 predictable 6 lazy 5 1 last year 2 but I can't change 3 might
4 hadn't shouted 5 might have met 6 hadn't been
~ 1 ought 2 would 3 had to 4 could 5 shouldn't
6 didn't use to LISTENING
S 1 used 2 would 3 had 4 to 5 was 6 when 6 1c 2b 3b 4a 5d 6c 7a
REAOING COMMUNICATION
6 1b 2b 3d 4d 5 1" 6 T 7 1" 8 F 7 1 the thing is
2 I wasn't listening
COMMUNICATION 3 I'm not sure what you mean
7 1 long 2 possibly 3 do 4 mind 5 must 4 let me put it another way
6 wondering 7 sorry 5 let me fInish
6 Do you know what I found strange
7 Are you saying
TEST 3 I UNITS 5-6 8 Just a second
1 1 drought 2 earthquake 3 floods 4 hurricane
5 erupted 6 tsunami
TEST 61 UNITS 11-12
2 1 renewable 2 cope 3 obedient 4 wiped
5 consuming 6 allergic 1 1d 2c 3a 4e 5f 6 b
3 1 defmitely won't be 2 1 fresh 2 stale 3 bland 4 tasty 5 tough
2 probably won't 6 nutritious
3 won't jOin your organisation unless 3 1 an 2 absolutely 3 12) 4 quite 5 velY 6 the
4 as long as you ~ 1 has 2 has 3 as 4 looks 5 having 6 have
5 provided that you wash
6 as soon as I get S 1 Sitting; doing 2 being 3 to go 4 to take
5 coming 6 go
~ 1 gets 2 buy 3 were 4 won't develop
5 is not going to escape 6 will live REAOING
5 1 b 2a 3a 4d 5 b 6c 6 11" 2 T 3 1" 4F 5 1" 6 1" 7 T 8 T
LISTENING COMMUNICATION
6 1b 2g 3d 4h 5f 6a 7 i Bc 7 1 broken 2 about 3 replace 4 refund 5 shrunk
6 service 7 rude
COMMUNICATION
7 1 Firstly 2 Secondly 3 see 4 Where 5 Moving
6 thing/paint 7 least

129
 SELF-ASSESSMENT TESTS: TAPESCRIPTS
TEST 1 I UNITS 1- 2
eR - company representative, LM - lost man,
W- woman
eR Could everyone sit down, please? The
presentation for the new Technoguard S3
home entertainment centre is going to start
very soon. Er, sir? Could you sit down?
LM Er, I think I'm in the wrong place.
eR There are no right or wrong places. . just sit
anywhere.
LM No, you don't und8rstand ...
eR Please. Thank you. Now, I don't need to tell you
that what you are about to see is top secret and
won't be made public lmtil our sales launch in
early November. So, what is the Technoguard
S3 and why is it special? SI - Speed. It does
everything your home computer can do but in
a fraction of the time. You can convert music
from COs into MP3s in less than a minute. You
can put a video onto OVO in under 5 minutes.
Oownload 100 photos from your camera with
one click. S2 - Simplicity. Anyone can use it as
we will demonstrate later. S3 - Style, as you
can see for yourself, this elegant machine
would look good in any room. Now, can I have
a volunteer to prove how simple this thing
really is? How about our friend who was in the
wrong place earlier? Yes, you. OK, sir. Here's
the machine everything is already connected
up so you don't need to worry about anything.
Now, is there anyone with a task for our friend
to do? Yes, madam.
W I'd love to put the photos from this camera onto
a OVO slides how and have the song on this CD
playing as background music.
eR No problem at all. Now, sir, you've never seen
this machine before have you?
LM Er, no ... no, I haven't.
eR Well, I'll switch it on for you by just pressing
this button here. And I'll connect the camera
here ... and insert the CD here .. . OK, off you
go. As you can see ladies and gentlemen, our
friend here is typing in what he wants to do .
'Make a OVO of photos and music' ... and now
the machine is asking for details as you can see
on the screen .. . 'Are the photos on disc or
camera?', 'What is the source for the music?' .
and now the instructions lead him on really
easily. OK, the photos are downloaded. Now we
have options; there are things like 'Make a CD
cover' but we won't worry about that now.
so he is cliCking 'Ready to start' ... here's a disc
to insert, one of our own Technoguard High
Quality discs of course. That's in, he is clicking
'Create'. Now watch the numbers counting
down on the screen 5-4-3-2- 1 ... and the disc
is ready. So, let's just check the photos on the
OVO - there's nothing embarrassing here is
there? Ooh lovely ... beautiful ... we'll have to
leave it there I'm afraid. So, here's your disc
130
madam and thank you, sir, for helping us.
I know you'll be going back to your sales area
now and be ready to market the Technogaurd
S3 in November.
LM No, not really.
eR What?
LM That's what I was trying to say earlier. I'm in
the wrong place. I'm not a Technoguard
salesman at all . I work for Compumedia.
I should be in meeting room C4 . It was a very
interesting talk, though, thank you.
TEST 3 I UNITS 5- 6
Speaker 1 I worry a lot about the world and what
we're doing to it. But, you know what I think? I
think one day we'll all be sitting here, living our
lives, when something completely unexpected will
happen - a nuclear accident, a meteor, something
like that - and that will be that. Goodbye Earth.
Speaker 2 Sometimes I worry, of course. War,
pollution, no more natural resources, sea levels
rising. But I have faith in our ability to survive. Just
when it looks as if all is lost, we will find a way
round it. I just can't believe that we'll destroy
ourselves and our planet. I suppose I could be
wrong, though.
Speaker 3 Well, I'm 65 and I've been hearing about
the end of the world for a long time now. I was
born during the Second World War and grew up
with the Cold War and nuclear crises. I read that
Nostradamus predicted the end of the world in
1996 and nothing happened. One day, we'll
probably kill ourselves with a bomb but it won't be
in my lifetime.
Speaker 4 One thing is clear and that is we can't go
on as we are doing. It's no good relying on
scientists to sort out the mess and we certainly
can't look to politicians or business men to help us.
No, it "ill need all of us to alter our lifestyles - use
less electricity, not drive so much, recycle more,
eat organic food. Unless we do all those things and
more, the planet will just die one day.
Speaker 5 I'm worried about natural resources
running out before we've done anything about
finding new sources of energy. Can you imagine life
without petrol or electricity? It would probably be
good for us if our machines were switched off for a
while but it wouldn't be easy, especially for the
younger generation who have been used to having
these things their whole life.
Speaker 6 I'm keeping my fmgers crossed. I know
there are problems and I know I can't do anything
about them but there are some very intelligent
people out there who must be spending their whole
lives in laboratories researching into new sources
of energy. They'll come up with something.
Speaker 7 lf you look around at greedy people using S But I loved being on the stage and the star of
up the Earth's resources or start,jng wars, you can't the show. Anyway, going back to your original
be optimistic. We are destroying our planet and, if question, the schoolwork, which I was never
it was just up to us, the planet wouldn't last brilliant at, got even worse and I ended up
another 50 years. But, you know, I can't believe my leaving school at 16 with two GCSEs, in drama
kids or grandchildren will behave in the same way. and music - not surprisingly. I enjoyed school,
Just by looking at where we went wrong, they will though, and most of the teachers were cool
be able to do the right thing. enough to realise I was never going to become
Speaker 8 You know what I don't understand? a doctor or scientist or anything like that and
Why do governments spend so much on space the best thing for me was to concentrate on
exploration? I mean, if scientists want to discover what I was good at.
ways of overcoming the problems of this world, P Deflnitely the right thing to .do.
they would be better off looking here. If there is S The song's nothing to do with any of that,
a solution to our problems, this is where it will be. though. It couldn't really be because I didn't
even write it. It's about being in a gang and
TEST 5 I UNITS 9-10 learning about life from your mates, playing
truant, which I never did and generally trying
P - Presenter, S - Scott Freeman to act all grown up at the age of 15. There were
P Today we are very pleased to welcome singing people like that at my school, there are at every
star Scott Freeman who has just released his school, I guess, but it's not about anyone
latest record, School days. Good morning, special.
Scott, lovely to have you on the show.
S Good morning to you, Judy. Great to be here.
P So, I guess the flrst question to ask is about
yom school days. What kind of a student were
you?
S Oh' Well ... er not the best, it has to be said,
although I never got into any real trouble.
P You weren't expelled or anything like that?
S No, no. But from the age of about 12 I knew
[ was going to be a star, although at that time
I thought I might be a sports star, not a singer.
I was in the school's junior rugby team and
played for Hampshire Schoolboys a couple of
times. When you get that serious about
anything it takes up a lot of yom time and
I was practising 4 or 5 times a week.
P So, what happened?
S Well, when I was 14, I fell in love .
P Aha ...
S And the girl, Sally Thomas, was keen on acting.
She promised to come and watch me play
rugby if I got a part in the school play with her.
I must have been in love because I agreed. It
was a musical, and I joined the chorus. I really
started to enjoy myself and, one day, I was
standing on my own singing one of the songs
from the play, just feeling happy. The teacher
who was organising the whole thing overheard
me and, well, to cut a long story short, I got the
lead part.
P A clever teacher!
S Yes. The only problem was that I had to spend
a lot of time with the leading actress, a very
nice fifth former called Mandy. I guess Sally
might have been jealous because she left me for
another boy in my class.
P Oh dear ...

131
 ....
more success with
n UC
Contemporary, of-the-moment, with age-appropriate texts and topics, New Success is the course
that speaks to the modern teenager. And while the focus and goal is to give teenagers the critical
tools to succeed in their educational careers, music, poems and cartoons provide the perfect
backdrop. With a modern, crisp feel and a highly appealing visual design, New Success retains the
very best of its original features, and wraps it all up in a great new look.

• Interactive approach anchors grammar, pre-empts errors and accelerates ski lls
• Engaging contexts develop speaking skills supported by snappy, real-life videos
• Extensive exam practice prepares students for school-leaving exams
• Variety makes teaching fun in no time
• Flexibility addresses all students' needs

Components for the Student

Students' Book with ActiveBook Workbook with audio CD

Digital Students' Book with full audio and video

Components for the Teacher

Teacher's Support Book with Class COs ActiveTeach

Teacher's Resources Interactive whiteboard softw
DVD-ROM with teacher's resources and
Includes photocopiable resources,
video and tests

For fu rther reading and reference we recommend: www.pearso nELl com

I Starter _ _
Elementary
ISBN 978- 1-4082-9712-4
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Imermediate

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