NPTEL MOOC on “Principles of Modern CDMA/ MIMO/ OFDM Wireless Communications”

[NOC15 EC05]

Aditya Jagannatham
Associate Professor
Dept. of Electrical Engineering
IIT Kanpur
adityaj@iitk.ac.in

Solutions to Assignment #6

1. In CDMA systems, the interference arising from the simultaneous transmission of several users is termed as Multi-User
Interference. Ans b
2. Given each chip c0(n) and c1(n) can be  1 with probability ½ each and chips c0(n), c1(n) are independent. Therefore, it follows
that
E{c0(n)} = E{c1(n)} = ½  (+1) + ½  (-1) = 0
Further since c0(n), c1(n) are independent, we have E{c0(n) c1(n)} = E{c0(n)}  E{c1(n)} = 0
Therefore, the average value of the cross correlation is
 1 N 1  1 N 1
Er01  E   c0 n c1 n    Ec0 n c1 n   0
 N n 0  N n 0
Ans c
3. As derived in the lectures, the variance of the cross correlation E{|r01|2} is 1/N. Ans d
4. As derived in the lectures, the signal to interference plus noise ratio of user 0 in a multi-user CDMA scenario with K other
users is given as,
2
N h P0
K
2  h P
2
k
k 1

Ans a
5. Given a CDMA scenario with 15 users i.e. k = 0,1,…, 14. The channel coefficient h = 1/2 +j /2 and dB Power Pi of each user
be 10 dB  Pi = 10. Spreading length N = 512. Noise power 2 = 0 dB. The SNR of user 0 can be calculated as follows

2
N h P0 512  1  10
SINR    36.31
K
1 + 1  14  10
2  h P
2
k
k 1

SINR in dB = 10  log10(36.31) = 15.6 dB

Ans b

6. As described in the lectures, the receiver architecture used in a CDMA channel in a frequency selective channel is termed as
Rake Receiver. Ans c
7. The principle employed by the Rake receiver is Correlation with delayed versions of code followed by maximum ratio
combining. Ans d
8. The SNR at the output of a CDMA rake receiver with channel taps given by the vector h, transmit SNR = P/2 and spreading
length N is
2
Nh P
SNR 
2
 Ans c
9. Given a CDMA system with L = 4 tap frequency selective channel, spreading gain = 512 and dB SNR = 12 dB  SNR = 101.2.
The BER of this system can be calculated as follows.
As described in the lectures, the BER for an L tap CDMA channel with Rake reception is given as,

BER = 2L-1CL  1/(2  N SNR)L = 7C4  1/(2512101.2) 4 = 5.045110-16

Ans b
10. In CDMA, the phenomenon where a user closer to the base station suppresses the signal of another user farther from the base
station is termed as Near-Far Problem. Ans d
11. As described in the lectures, the property by which multiple information streams can be transmitted across a MIMO channel is
termed as Spatial Multiplexing. Ans a
12. In a MIMO channel with r receive and t transmit antennas the channel is a r  t channel matrix. Ans b
13. In a MIMO system, the coefficient h21 is the channel coefficient between the 2nd receive antenna and 1st transmit antenna. Ans b
14. The special case of a MIMO system with multiple receive antennas and a single transmit antenna is termed as SIMO – Single
Input Multiple Output. Ans c
15. In a 4 X 3 MIMO system with IID noise elements and dB noise power 2 = -6 dB 2 = 1/4, the noise covariance is given as
described in the lectures as,
2  Ir  r = ¼  I4  4
Ans a