Chapter-By-Chapter Formulas and Sample Excel Equivalent Spreadsheet Formulas

A B C D E F G H
1 CHAPTER-BY-CHAPTER FORMULAS AND SAMPLE EXCEL EQUIVALENT SPREADSHEET FORMULAS

2 NOTE: Some of the most-used, more-complex and useful formulas and Excel equivalents are highlighted in yellow.
3
4 The chapters' text-style formulas in Column B are shown in Excel formula format in Column C.
5 These same formulas are used as operative formulas in Column H, where the formula-computed answers are shown.
6
7 DIRECTIONS: Replace sample parameter values shown in columns D through E, F, or G with the values for your problem, and your answer appears in Column H.
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
CHAPTER # & EXCEL EQUIVALENT FORMULAS PARAMETER HEADINGS Formulas
10 FORMULA # FORMULAS ("CELL ADDRESSES" APPROACH) AND THEIR VALUES (Use Approp. Units)
11
12 CHAPTER 1 To find force in newtons Excel formula in column H is: k (cnstnt) Q1 (coul) Q2 (coul) d (mtr)
13 Formula 1-1 F=k x Q1 x Q2/d2 =D13*E13*F13/G13^2 1 2 3 2 1.5
14
15 CHAPTER 1 To find current in amperes Excel formula in column H is: Q (coul) T (sec)
16 Formula 1-2 I=Q/T =D16/E16 5 2 2.5
17
18 CHAPTER 2 To find cross-sect. area in circular mils Excel formula in column H is: d (mils)
19 Formula 2-1 A = d2 =D19^2 4 16
20
21 CHAPTER 2 To find resistance in ohms Excel formula in column H is: r (CM-W/ft) l (feet) A (CM)
22 Formula 2-2 R = rl/A =D22*E22/F22 10.4 250 39.75 65.41
23
24 CHAPTER 3 To find current in amperes Excel formula in column H is: V (volts) R (ohms)
25 Formula 3-1 I = V/R =D25/E25 10 5 2
26
27 CHAPTER 3 To find voltage in volts Excel formula in column H is: I (amps) R (ohms)
28 Formula 3-2 V=IxR =D28*E28 2 5 10
29
30 CHAPTER 3 To find resistance in ohms Excel formula in column H is: V (volts) I (amps)
31 Formula 3-3 R = V/I =D31/E31 10 2 5
32
33 CHAPTER 3 To find work in foot pounds Excel formula in column H is: F (lbs) D (feet)
34 Formula 3-4 Work (ft lbs)=Force x Distance =D34*E34 100 100 10000
35
36 CHAPTER 3 To find power in watts Excel formula in column H is: E (joules) T (sec)
37 Formula 3-5 Power = Energy / Time =D37/E37 100 10 10
38
39 CHAPTER 3 To find energy in watthours Excel formula in column H is: P (watts) T (hours)
40 Formula 3-6 Energy (Watthours)= Power x Time =D40*E40 200 3 600
41
42 CHAPTER 3 To find power in watts Excel formula in column H is: V (volts) I (amps)
43 Formula 3-7 P=VxI =D43*E43 10 0.05 0.5
44
45 CHAPTER 3 To find power in watts Excel formula in column H is: I (amps) R (ohms)
46 Formula 3-8 P = I2x R =D46^2*E46 0.05 200 0.5
Page 1 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
47
48 CHAPTER 3 To find power in watts Excel formula in column H is: V (volts) R (ohms)
49 Formula 3-9 P = V2/R =D49^2/E49 10 200 0.5
50
51 CHAPTER 4 To find total R in ohms Excel formula in column H is: R1 (ohms) R2 (ohms) R3 (ohms)
52 Formula 4-1 RT = R1+R2…+Rn =SUM(D52:F52) 10 10 10 30
53
54 CHAPTER 4 To find total R in ohms Excel formula in column H is: VT (volts) IT (amps)
55 Formula 4-2 RT = VT / IT =D55/E55 70 2 35
56
57 CHAPTER 4 To find V across a specific R Excel formula in column H is: IR1 (amps) R1 (ohms)
58 Formula 4-3 V1 = IR1 x R1 =D58*E58 0.002 100,000 200
59
60 CHAPTER 4 To find Vx using V divider rule Excel formula in column H is: RX (ohms) RT (ohms) VT (volts)
61 Formula 4-4 VX = RX/RT x VT =D61/E61*F61 4700 17400 50 13.51
62
63 CHAPTER 4 To find VT in a series circuit Excel formula in column H is: V1 (volts) V2 (volts) V3 (volts)
64 Formula 4-5 VT = V1 + V2 …+Vn =SUM(D64:F64) 20 30 10 60
65
66 CHAPTER 4 To find PT in a series circuit Excel formula in column H is: PR1 (watts) PR2 (watts) PR3 (watts)
67 Formula 4-6 PT = P1 + P2 …+ Pn =SUM(D67:F67) 40 200 160 400
68
69 CHAPTER 5 To find IT in a parallel circuit Excel formula in column H is: I1 (amps) I2 (amps) I3 (amps)
70 Formula 5-1 IT = I1 + I2 + I3 …+In =SUM(D70:F70) 3 1.5 1 5.5
71
72 CHAPTER 5 To find GT in a parallel circuit Excel formula in column H is: R1 (ohms) R2 (ohms) R3 (ohms)
73 Formula 5-2 GT = 1/R1 + 1/R2 …+1/Rn =1/D73+1/E73+1/F73 22 33 47 0.097
74
75 CHAPTER 5 To find RT in a parallel circuit Excel formula in column H is: R1 (ohms) R2 (ohms) R3 (ohms)
76 Formula 5-3 RT=1/(1/R1+1/R2+1/R3...1/Rn) =1/(1/D76+1/E76+1/F76) 10000 27000 20000 5346.53
77
78 CHAPTER 5 To find GT in a parallel circuit Excel formula in column H is: G1 (S) G2 (S) G3 (S)
79 Formula 5-4 GT = G1 + G2 + G3 =SUM(D79:F79) 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.4
80
Page 2 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
81 CHAPTER 5 To find RT in a parallel circuit Excel formula in column H is: R1 (ohms) R2 (ohms)
82 Formula 5-5 RT = R1 x R2/R1 + R2 =D82*E82/(D82+E82) 3900 6800 2478.50
83
84 CHAPTER 5 To find Ru for a parallel circuit Excel formula in column H is: Rk (ohms) Re (ohms)
85 Formula 5-6 Ru = Rk x Re/Rk -Re =D85*E85/(D85-E85) 10 6 15
Page 3 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
86
87 CHAPTER 5 To find IX in a specific branch Excel formula in column H is: RT (ohms) RX (ohms) IT (amps)
88 Formula 5-7 IX = RT/RX x IT =D88/E88*F88 550 1000 0.0055 0.003025
89
90 CHAPTER 5 To find I1 in a parallel circuit Excel formula in column H is: R1 (ohms) R2 (ohms) IT (amps)
91 Formula 5-8 I1 = R2/R1 + R2 x IT =E91/(D91+E91)*F91 10000 11000 0.05 0.02619
92
93 CHAPTER 5 To find I2 in a parallel circuit Excel formula in column H is: R1 (ohms) R2 (ohms) IT (amps)
94 Formula 5-9 I2 = R1/R1 + R2 x IT =D94/(D94+E94)*F94 10000 11000 0.05 0.02381
95
96 CHAPTER 6 To find balanced bridge Rs Ratio expression in column H is: R1 (ohms) R2 (ohms) R3 (ohms) R4 (ohms)
97 Formula 6-1 R1/R2 = R3/R4 D97*G97=E97*F97 10 20 30 60 Ans. here is 600=600
98
99 CHAPTER 6 To find RX in balanced bridge Excel formula in column H is: R1 (ohms) R2 (ohms) R3 (ohms)
100 Formula 6-2 RX(R4 here) = R2 x R3/R1 =E100*F100/D100 10 20 30 60
101
102 CHAPTER 7 To find efficiency of power transfer Excel formula in column H is: Pout (watts) Pin (watts)
103 Formula 7-1 Efficiency (%) = Pout/Pin x 100 =D103/E103*100 8.84 26.6 33.23
104
105 CHAPTER 7 To find internal R of a source Excel formula in column H is: V (no-load) V (loaded) I (load A)
106 Formula 7-2 rint = V (no-load) - V (loaded)/I (load) =(D106-E106)/F106 13 12 100 0.01
107
108 CHAPTER 7 To find I load using Thevenin's Th. Excel formula in column H is: VTH (volts) RTH (ohms) RL (ohms)
109 Formula 7-3 IL = VTH / RTH + RL =D109/(E109+F109) 50 25 25 1
110
111 CHAPTER 7 To find V load using Thevenin's Th. Excel formula in column H is: RL (ohms) RL (ohms) RTH (ohms) VTH (v)
112 Formula 7-4 VL = RL/RL + RTH x VTH =D112/(E112+F112)*G112 25 25 25 50 25
113
114 CHAPTER 7 To find I load using Norton's Th. Excel formula in column H is: RN (ohms) RN (ohms) RL (ohms) IN (amps)
115 Formula 7-5 IL = RN/RN + RL x IN =D115/(E115+F115)*G115 25 25 75 2 0.5
116
117 CHAPTER 8 To find RA in delta network Excel formula in column H is: R1 (ohms) R2 (ohms) R3 (ohms)
118 Formula 8-1 RA= (R1xR2) + (R2xR3) + (R3xR1)/R1 =((D118*E118)+(E118*F118)+(F118*D118))/D 3.3 4.7 5.6 18.28
119
Page 4 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
120 CHAPTER 8 To find RB in delta network Excel formul in column H is: R1 (ohms) R2 (ohms) R3 (ohms)
121 Formula 8-2 RB = (R1xR2)+(R2xR3)+(R3xR1)/R2 =((D121*E121)+(E121*F121)+(F121*D121))/E 3.3 4.7 5.6 12.83
122
123 CHAPTER 8 To find RC in delta network Excel formula in column H is: R1 (ohms) R2 (ohms) R3 (ohms)
124 Formula 8-3 RC = (R1xR2)+(R2xR3)+(R3xR1)/R3 =((D124*E124)+(E124*F124)+(F124*D124))/F 3.3 4.7 5.6 10.77
Page 5 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
125
126 CHAPTER 8 To find R1 in wye network Excel formula in column H is: RA (ohms) RB (ohms) RC (ohms)
127 Formula 8-4 R1 = RB x RC/RA + RB + RC =E127*F127/(D127+E127+F127) 18.28 12.83 10.77 3.30
128
130 Formula 8-5 R2 = RC x RA/RA + RB + RC =F130*D130/(D130+E130+F130) 18.28 12.83 10.77 4.70
131
133 Formula 8-6 R3 = RA x RB/RA + RB + RC =D133*E133/(D133+E133+F133) 18.28 12.83 10.77 5.60
134
135 CHAPTER 9 To find force of attract. or repulsion Excel formula in column H is: P1 Strength P2 Strength d (meters)
136 Formula 9-1 Force = Pole 1 Strng. x Pole 2 Strng./d2 =D136*E136/F136^2 1 2 0.05 800
137
138 CHAPTER 9 To find magnetomotive force Excel formula in column H is: N (# of trns) I (amps)
139 Formula 9-2 mmf = NI =D139*E139 100 5 500
140
141 CHAPTER 9 To find magnetic field intensity Excel formula in column H is: A (amps) T (turns) meters
142 Formula 9-3 H = AT/meter =D142*E142/F142 5 100 0.1 5000
143
144 CHAPTER 9 To find induced voltage per turn Excel formula in column H is: Dflux (Wb) Dtime( sec)
145 Formula 9-4 Vind = # of lines of flux cut/per unit time =D145/E145 2 1 2
146
147 CHAPTER 9 To find induced voltage in coil Excel formula in column H is: N (# of turns)Dflux (Wb) Dtime( sec)
148 Formula 9-5 Vind = N (# of turns) x Dflux/Dtime =D148*E148/F148 100 3 1 300
149
150 CHAPTER 10 Note: No formulas used in this chapter
151
152 CHAPTER 11 To find time of one period in ac Excel formula in column H is: f (Hz)
153 Formula 11-1 T (sec) = 1/f (Hz) =1/D153 1000 0.001
154
155 CHAPTER 11 To find frequency from time of 1 per. Excel formula in column H is: T (time in sec)
156 Formula 11-2 f (Hz) = 1/T (sec) =1/D156 0.0001 10000
157
158 CHAPTER 11 To find effective value from peak Excel formula in column H is: V pk. (volts)
159 Formula 11-3 Effective value (rms) = 0.707 x pk. val. =D159*E159 0.707 100 70.7
160
Page 6 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
161 CHAPTER 11 To find avg. value (1/2 cycle) from pk. Excel formula in column H is: V pk. (volts)
162 Formula 11-4 Avg. value (1/2 cycle) = 0.637 x pk. val. =D162*E162 0.637 100 63.7
Page 7 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
163
164 CHAPTER 11 To find instant. V of sine wave Excel formula in column H is: V pk. (volts) angle sin q
165 Formula 11-5 v inst = Vp x sin of angle value =D165*F165 141 30 0.5 70.5
166
167 CHAPTER 11 To find % duty cyc. of non-sine waves Excel formula in column H is: tw (msec) T (msec)
168 Formula 11-6 % duty cycle = tw (pulse wid.)/T (1 per.) x 100 =D168/E168*100 4 20 20
169
170 CHAPTER 11 To find Vavg of non-sine waves Excel formula in column H is: Baseln value duty cycle pk-pk volts
171 Formula 11-7 Vavg = Baseln val. + (duty cycle x p-p amp.) =D171+(E171*F171) 2 0.1 5 2.5
172
174
175 CHAPTER 13 To find V induced in a coil Excel formula in column H is: N (# trns) df (Wb) dt (secs)
176 Formula 13-1 Vind = N (# of trns) x df /dt =D176*E176/F176 500 2 1 1000
177
178 CHAPTER 13 To find VL value of given L Excel formula in column H is: L (H) di (amps) dt (secs)
179 Formula 13-2 VL = L x di/dt =D179*E179/F179 10 5 1 50
180
181 CHAPTER 13 To find L from VL and di/dt Excel formula in column H is: VL (volts) di (amps) dt (secs)
182 Formula 13-3 L = VL / di/dt =D182/(E182/F182) 5 12 6 2.5
183
184 CHAPTER 13 To find L from physical parameters. Excel formula in column H is: mr N (# trns) A (sq mtrs) l (mtrs)
185 Formula 13-4 L=12.57 x 10-7x mr x N2 x A / l =0.000001257*D185*E185^2*F185/G185 1 2000 0.001 0.01 0.5028
186
187 CHAPTER 13 To find L of air-core inductor Excel formula in column H is: N (# trns) A (sq mtrs) l (mtrs)
188 Formula 13-5 L = 12.57 x 10-7 x N2 x A / l =0.000001257*D188^2*E188/F188 2000 0.001 0.01 0.5028
189
190 CHAPTER 13 To find LT in a series circuit Excel formula in column H is: L1 (H) L2 (H) L3 (H)
191 Formula 13-6 LT = L1 + L2 . . . + Ln = SUM(D191:F191) 10 5 2.5 17.5
192
193 CHAPTER 13 To find par. circuit reciprocal of LT Excel formula in column H is: L1 (H) L2 (H) L3 (H)
194 Formula 13-7 1/LT = 1/L1 + 1/L2 + 1/L3…+1/Ln =1/D194+1/E194+1/F194 10 5 10 0.4
195
196 CHAPTER 13 To find LT in a parallel circuit Excel formula in column H is: L1 (H) L2 (H) L3 (H)
197 Formula 13-8 LT = 1 / 1/L1 + 1/L2 + 1/L3…+1/Ln =1/(1/D197+1/E197+1/F197) 10 5 10 2.5
Page 8 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
198
199 CHAPTER 13 To find LT of 2 parallel L's Excel formula in column H is: L1 (H) L2 (H)
200 Formula 13-9 LT = L1 x L2 / L1 + L2 =D200*E200/(D200+E200) 10 10 5
Page 9 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
201
202 CHAPTER 13 To find amount of stored energy Excel formula in column H is: L (H) I (amps)
203 Formula 13-10 Energy = 0.5 LI2 =D203*E203*F203^2 0.5 20 5 250
204
205 CHAPTER 13 To find RL circuit time constant Excel formula in column H is: L (H) R (ohms)
206 Formula 13-11 One time constant = L/R =D206/E206 10 12 0.83
207
208 CHAPTER 13 To find inst. incr. i in an RL circuit Excel formula in column H is: Vs (volts) R (ohms) t (sec) L (H)
209 Formula 13-12 i = Vs/R x (1 - e-Rt/L) =D209/E209*((1-2.71828^ (E209*F209/G209)))
-
10 10000 0.001 10 0.001
210
211 CHAPTER 13 To find inst. dec. i in an RL circuit Excel formula in column H is: Vs (volts) R (ohms) t (sec) L (H)
212 Formula 13-13 i = Vs/R x (e-Rt/L) =D212/E212*((2.71828^-(E212*F212/G212))) 6 2200 6.8E-05 0.05 0.000137
213
214 CHAPTER 14 To find value of XL in an ac circuit Excel formula in column H is: 2p f (Hz) L (H)
215 Formula 14-1 XL = 2pfL =D215*E215*F215 6.28 60 5 1884
216
217 CHAPTER 14 To find L ( XL and f known) Excel formula in column H is: XL (ohms) 2p f (Hz)
218 Formula 14-2 L= XL/2pf =D218/(E218*F218) 2000 6.28 1500000 0.000212
219
220 CHAPTER 14 To find frequency (XL and L known) Excel formula in column H is: XL (ohms) 2p L (H)
221 Formula 14-3 f = XL/2pL =D221/(E221*F221) 4000 6.28 3E-05 21231423
222
223 CHAPTER 14 To find 1/XLT in a parallel ac circuit Excel formula in column H is: XL1 (ohms) XL2 (ohms) XL3 (ohms)
224 Formula 14-4 1/XLT=1/XL1+1/XL2+1/XL3… =1/(D224)+1/(E224)+1/(F224) 2000 4000 6000 0.000917
225
226 CHAPTER 14 To find XLT in a parallel ac circuit Excel formula in column H is: XL1 (ohms) XL2 (ohms)
227 Formula 14-5 XLT=1/(1/XL1+1/XL2+…) =1/(1/D227+1/E227) 5000 5000 2500
228
229 CHAPTER 14 To find XLT of 2 parallel L's Excel formula in column H is: XL1 (ohms) XL2 (ohms)
230 Formula 14-6 XLT = XL1 x XL2/XL1 + XL2 =D230*E230/(D230+E230) 5000 5000 2500
231
232 CHAPTER 14 To find Q in an RL ac circuit Excel formula in column H is: XL (ohms) R (ohms)
233 Formula 14-7 Q = XL/R =D233/E233 3140 50 62.8
234
235 CHAPTER 15 Pythagorean Theorem Excel formula in column H is: a b
Page 10 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
236 Formula 15-1 c2 = a2 + b2 =D236^2+E236^2 10 10 200
237
238 CHAPTER 15 To find VT in a series RL circuit Excel formula in column H is: VR (volts) VL (volts)
239 Formula 15-2 VT = Ö VR2 + VL2 =SQRT(D239^2+E239^2) 10 10 14.14
240
241 CHAPTER 15 To find Z in a series RL circuit Excel formula in column H is: R (ohms) XL (ohms)
242 Formula 15-3 Z = Ö R2 + XL2 =SQRT(D242^2+E242^2) 5 8.66 10.00
243
244 CHAPTER 15 To find IT in a parallel RL circuit Excel formula in column H is: IR (amps) IL (amps)
245 Formula 15-4 IT = ÖIR2 + IL2 =SQRT(D245^2+E245^2) 3 5 5.83
246
247 CHAPTER 15 To find Z in a parallel RL circuit Excel formula in column H is: R (ohms) XL (ohms)
248 Formula 15-5 Z = R x XL / Ö R2 + XL2 =D248*E248/SQRT(D248^2+E248^2) 50 30 25.72
249
250 CHAPTER 15 To find G in a parallel RL circuit Excel formula in column H is: One R (ohms)
251 Formula 15-6 G = 1/R =D251/E251 1 1500 0.000667
252
253 CHAPTER 15 To find inductive susceptance Excel formula in column H is: XL (ohms)
254 Formula 15-7 BL = 1/XL =D254/E254 1 1005 0.000995
255
256 CHAPTER 15 To find admittance Excel formula in column H is: Z (ohms)
257 Formula 15-8 Y = 1/Z =D257/E257 1 835 0.001198
258
259 CHAPTER 15 To find Y in a parallel RL circuit Excel formula in column H is: G (S) BL (S)
260 Formula 15-9 YT = ÖG2 + BL2 =SQRT(D260^2+E260^2) 0.000667 0.000995 0.001198
261
262 CHAPTER 15 To find magnitude of phase angle Excel formula in column H is: R (ohms) XL (ohms)
263 Formula 15-10 q (magnitude) = tan-1 R / XL =DEGREES(ATAN(D263/E263)) 1500 1005 56.178
264
265 CHAPTER 16 To find mutual inductance Excel formula in column H is: k L1 (H) L2 (H)
266 Formula 16-1 M = k Ö L1 x L2 =D266*SQRT(E266*F266) 1 3 3 3
267
268 CHAPTER 16 To find LT of series L's (aid) Excel formula in column H is: L1 (H) L2 (H) M (H)
269 Formula 16-2 LT = L1 + L2 + 2M =D269+E269+2*F269 8 8 4 24
270
Page 11 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
271 CHAPTER 16 To find LT of series L's (opp) Excel formula in column H is: L1 (H) L2 (H) M (H)
272 Formula 16-3 LT = L1 + L2 - 2M =D272+E272-2*F272 8 8 4 8
273
274 CHAPTER 16 General LT formula (aid or opp) Excel formula in column H is: L1 (H) L2 (H) M (H) (aid) 30
275 Formula 16-4 LT = L1 + L2 ± 2M =D275+E275±2*F275 10 10 5 (opp) 10
276
277 CHAPTER 16 To find LT of 2 parallel L's (aid) Excel formula in column H is: L1 (H) L2 (H) M (H)
278 Formula 16-5 LT = 1/1/L1 + M + 1/L2 + M =1/((1/(D278+F278)+1/(E278+F278))) 8 8 4 6
279
280 CHAPTER 16 To find LT of 2 parallel L's (opp) Excel formula in column H is: L1 (H) L2 (H) M (H)
281 Formula 16-6 LT = 1/1/L1 - M + 1/L2 - M =1/((1/(D281-F281)+1/(E281-F281))) 8 8 4 2
282
283 CHAPTER 16 To find coefficient of coupling Excel formula in column H is: L1 (H) L2 (H) M (H)
284 Formula 16-7 k = M/ Ö L 1 x L 2 =F284/SQRT(D284*E284) 8 8 4 0.5
285
286 CHAPTER 16 V ratio compared to T ratio Excel formula in column H is: VP (volts) VS (volts) NP (trns) NS(trns)
287 Formula 16-8 VP/VS = NP/NS or = D287*G287=E287*F287 20 280 1 14 1
288
289 CHAPTER 16 T ratio compared to V ratio Excel formula in column H is: NP (trns) NS (trns) VP (volts) VS(volts)
290 Formula 16-9 NP/NS = VP/VS or = D290*G290=E290*F290 20 280 1 14 1
291
292 CHAPTER 16 T ratio compared to I ratio Excel formula in column H is: NP (trns) NS (trns) IS (amps) IP (amps)
293 Formula 16-10 NP/NS = IS/IP or = D293*G293 = E293*F293 5 1 0.5 0.1 1
294
295 CHAPTER 16 V ratio compared to I ratio Excel formula in column H is: VP (volts) VS (volts) IS (amps) IP (amps)
296 Formula 16-11 VP/VS = IS/IP or =D296*G296=E296*F296 5 1 0.5 0.1 1
297
298 CHAPTER 16 N ratio compared to Z ratio Excel formula in column H is: NS (trns) NP (trns) ZS (ohms) ZP(ohms)
299 Formula 16-12 (NS/NP)2 = ZS/ZP or =(D299/E299)^2=F299/G299 1 4 8 128 1
300
301 CHAPTER 16 To find ZP from ZS and T ratio Excel formula in column H is: ZS (ohms) NP (trns) NS (trns)
302 Formula 16-13 ZP = ZS(NP/NS)2 =D302*(E302/F302)^2 2000 2 1 8000
303
304 CHAPTER 16 To find T ratio from Z ratio Excel formula in column H is: ZP (ohms) ZS (ohms)
Page 12 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
305 Formula 16-14 NP/NS = Ö ZP/ZS =SQRT(D305/E305) 1000 10 10
306
307 CHAPTER 16 To find transformer efficiency Excel formula in column H is: Pout (watts) Pin (watts)
308 Formula 16-15 Efficiency % = Pout/Pin x 100 =D308/E308*100 86 100 86
309
310 CHAPTER 17 To find C value (Q and V known) Excel formula in column H is: Q (coul) V (volts)
311 Formula 17-1 C = Q/V =D311/E311 10 2 5
312
313 CHAPTER 17 To find Q value (C and V known) Excel formula in column H is: C (farads) V (volts)
314 Formula 17-2 Q=CxV =D314*E314 5 2 10
315
316 CHAPTER 17 To find V value (Q and C known) Excel formula in column H is: Q (coul) C (farads)
317 Formula 17-3 V = Q/C =D317/E317 10 5 2
318
319 CHAPTER 17 To find energy in joules Excel formula in column H is: C (farads) V (volts)
320 Formula 17-4 Energy = 0.5 x CV2 =0.5*D320*E320^2 5E-06 250 0.15625
321
322 CHAPTER 17 To find dielectric constant Excel formula in column H is: eo (abs) ev (vac)
323 Formula 17-5 k = eo/ev =D323/E323 6 1 6
324
325 CHAPTER 17 To find C (from physical factors) Excel formula in column H is: A (sq mtrs) s (mtrs)
326 Formula 17-6 C = 8.85 x A/1012s =8.85*D326/(10^12*E326) 0.01 0.001 8.85E-11
327
328 CHAPTER 17 To find C (from physical factors) Excel formula in column H is: k (number) A (sq mtrs) s (mtrs)
329 Formula 17-7 C = 8.85 x k x A/1012 x s =8.85*D329*E329/(10^12*F329) 3 0.01 0.001 2.655E-10
330
331 CHAPTER 17 To find C in mF (from phys. factors) Excel formula in column H is: k (number) A (sq in.) s (in.) n(# plates)
332 Formula 17-8 C = 2.25*k*A/107 x s x (n-1) =2.25*D332*E332/10^7*F332*(G332-1) 100 2 0.005 2 0.009
333
334 CHAPTER 17 To find CT of 2 series caps Excel formula in column H is: C1 (mF) C2 (mF)
335 Formula 17-9 CT = C1 x C2 / C1 + C2 =D335*E335/(D335+E335) 3 6 2
336
337 CHAPTER 17 To find CT of = value series C's Excel formula in column H is: C1 (mF) C2 (mF) C3 (mF) n(# plates)
338 Formula 17-10 CT = C/N =D338/G338 10 10 10 3 3.33
339
340 CHAPTER 17 To find CT of any value series C's Excel formula in column H is: C1 (mF) C2 (mF) C3 (mF)
Page 13 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
341 Formula 17-11 CT = 1/1/C1+1/C2+1/C3...+1/Cn =1/(1/D341+1/E341+1/F341) 10 5 10 2.5
342
343 CHAPTER 17 To find VCx in cap V divider circuit Excel formula in column H is: VS (volts) CT (uF) CX (mF)
344 Formula 17-12 VX = VS x CT/CX =D344*E344/F344 60 7.5 15 30
345
346 CHAPTER 17 To find CT of parallel capacitors Excel formula in column H is: C1 (mF) C2 (mF) C3 (mF) C4 (mF)
347 Formula 17-13 CT = C1 + C2 + C3…+Cn =D347+E347+F347+G347 15 10 10 3 38
348
349 CHAPTER 17 To find 1 time const. in an RC circuit Excel formula in column H is: R (ohms) C (farads)
350 Formula 17-14 1 TC (T) = R x C =D350*E350 1000 1E-06 0.001
351
352 CHAPTER 17 To find inst. vR in a dc RC circuit Excel formula in column H is: VS (volts) e t (msec) t (msec)
353 Formula 17-15 vR = VS x (e-t/T) =D353*((E353^-(F353/G353))) 50 2.71828 10000 10000 18.39
354
355 CHAPTER 17 To find inst. vC in a dc RC circuit Excel formula in column H is: VS (volts) e t (msec) t (msec)
356 Formula 17-16 vC = VS x (1 - e-t/T) =D356*(((1-(E356^-(F356/G356))))) 50 2.71828 18000 10000 41.74
357
358 CHAPTER 18 To find iC knowing C and dv/dt Excel formula in column H is: C (value) dv (volts) dt (sec)
359 Formula 18-1 iC = C x dv/dt =(D359*10^-12)*E359/(F359*10^-6) 100 100 100 0.0001
360
361 CHAPTER 18 To find XC knowing f and C Excel formula in column H is: 2p f (Hz) C (farads)
362 Formula 18-2 XC = 1/2p x f x C =1/(D362*E362*F362) 6.28 120 2E-06 663.48
363
364 CHAPTER 18 To find f knowing C and XC Excel formula in column H is: 2p C (farads) XC (ohms)
365 Formula 18-3 f = 1/2p x C x XC =1/(D365*E365*F365) 6.28 5E-10 1000 318471
366
367 CHAPTER 18 To find C knowing f and XC Excel formula in column H is: 2p f (Hz) XC (ohms)
368 Formula 18-4 C = 1/2p x f x XC =1/(D368*E368*F368) 6.28 2000 3180 0.000000025
369
370 CHAPTER 18 To find XCT of parallel C's Excel formula in column H is: XC1 (ohms) XC2 (ohms) XC3 (ohms)
371 Formula 18-5 XCT = 1/1/XC1 + 1/XC2 + 1/XC3…1/XCn =1/(1/D371+1/E371+1/F371) 1000 2000 3000 545.45
372
373 CHAPTER 18 To find XCT of 2 parallel C's Excel formula in column H is: XC1 (ohms) XC2 (ohms)
374 Formula 18-6 XCT = XC1 x XC2 / XC1 + XC2 =D374*E374/(D374+E374) 1000 2000 666.67
Page 14 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
375
376 CHAPTER 18 To find XCT of = val. parallel C's Excel formula in column H is: XC1 (ohms) N (number)
377 Formula 18-7 XCT = XC1 / N =D377/E377 1000 5 200
378
379 CHAPTER 19 To find VT in a series RC circuit Excel formula in column H is: VR (volts) VC (volts)
380 Formula 19-1 VT = Ö VR2 + VC2 =SQRT(D380^2+E380^2) 50 50 70.71
381
382 CHAPTER 19 To find Z in a series RC circuit Excel formula in column H is: R (ohms) XC (ohms)
383 Formula 19-2 Z = Ö R2 + XC2 =SQRT(D383^2+E383^2) 50 50 70.71
384
385 CHAPTER 19 To find IT in a parallel RC circuit Excel formula in column H is: IR (amps) IC (amps)
386 Formula 19-3 IT = Ö IR2 + IC2 =SQRT(D386^2+E386^2) 15 20 25
387
388 CHAPTER 19 To find Z in a parallel RC circuit Excel formula in column H is: R (ohms) XC (ohms)
389 Formula 19-4 Z = R x XC / Ö R2 + XC2 =D389*E389/SQRT(D389^2+E389^2) 4 3 2.4
390
391 CHAPTER 19 To find G in a parallel RC circuit Excel formula in column H is: One R (ohms)
392 Formula 19-5 G = 1/R =D392/E392 1 1500 0.000667
393
394 CHAPTER 19 To find capacitive susceptance Excel formula in column H is: Xc (ohms)
395 Formula 19-6 BC = 1/XC or 2pfC =D395/E395 1 995 0.001
396
397 CHAPTER 19 To find Y in a parallel RC circuit Excel formula in column H is: G (S) BC (S)
398 Formula 19-7 YT = ÖG2 + BC2 =SQRT(D398^2+E398^2) 0.000667 0.001 0.0012
399
400 CHAPTER 19 To find magnitude of phase angle Excel formula in column H is: R (ohms) XC (ohms)
401 Formula 19-8 q (magnitude) = tan-1 R / XC =DEGREES(ATAN(D401/E401)) 1500 995 56.44
402
403 CHAPTER 20 To find Z of a series RLC circuit Excel formula in column H is: R (ohms) Xnet (ohms)
404 Formula 20-1 Z = Ö R2 + Xnet2 =SQRT(D404^2+E404^2) 60 80 100
405 (where Xnet = XL- XC if XL>XC
406 or Xnet = XC- XL if XC>XL)
407
408 CHAPTER 20 To find VT of a series RLC circuit Excel formula in column H is: VR (volts) Vxnet(volts)
Page 15 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
409 Formula 20-2 VT = Ö VR2 + VXnet2 =SQRT(D409^2+E409^2) 60 80 100.00
410 (where Vxnet=VL- VC if VL>VC
411 or Vxnet=VC- VL if VC>VL)
412
413 CHAPTER 20 To find Tanq knowing Xnet and R Excel formula in column H is: Xnet (ohms) R (ohms)
414 Formula 20-3 Tang of q = Xnet/R =D414/E414 80 60 1.33
415
416 CHAPTER 20 To find Tanq knowing VXnet and VR Excel formula in column H is: VXnet (volts) VR (volts)
417 Formula 20-4 Tang of q = VXnet / VR =D417/E417 80 60 1.33
418
419 CHAPTER 20 To find IT of a parallel RLC circuit Excel formula in column H is: IR (amps) IXnet (amps)
420 Formula 20-5 IT = Ö IR2 + IXnet2 =SQRT(D420^2+E420^2) 2 1 2.24
421 (where Ixnet = IL- IC if IL>IC
422 or Ixnet = IC- IL if IC>IL)
423
424 CHAPTER 20 To find p.f. knowing phase angle Excel formula in column H is: q (deg)
425 Formula 20-6 Power factor (p.f.) = cos q =COS(D425*PI()/180) 45 0.707
426
427 CHAPTER 20 To find app. power knowing V and I Excel formula in column H is: V (volts) I (amps)
428 Formula 20-7 Apparent power (S) = Vrms x Irms =D428*E428 141.5 1 141.5
429
430
431 CHAPTER 20 To find true power knowing I and R Excel formula in column H is: I (amps) R (ohms)
432 Formula 20-8 True power (P) = I2 x R =D432^2*E432 1 100 100
Page 16 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
433
434 CHAPTER 20 To find true power knowing S and p.f. Excel formula in column H is: S (VA) p.f. (numb.)
435 Formula 20-9 P = Apparent power x power factor (p.f.) =D435*E435 141.5 0.707 100
436
437 CHAPTER 20 To find p.f. knowing P and S Excel formula in column H is: Ptrue (W) S (VA)
438 Formula 20-10 p.f. = True power (P)/App. power (S) =D438/E438 100 141.5 0.707
439
440 CHAPTER 20 To find S knowing P and VAR Excel formula in column H is: Ptrue (W) Q (VAR)
441 Formula 20-11 S = ÖP2 + Q2 =SQRT(D441^2+E441^2) 100 100 141.42
442
443 CHAPTER 20 To convert Z polar to rect. data Excel formulas in column H are: Z (ohms) q (deg)
444 Formula 20-12 R factor = (Z cos q) =(D444*COS(E444*PI()/180)) 45 30 38.97
445 (Series circuit) j factor = (Z sin q) =(D444*SIN(E444*PI()/180)) 22.5
446 45 Ð30 = (Z cos q) + (jZ sin q) Answer is:
447 45 Ð30 = 38.97 + j22.5
448
449 CHAPTER 20 To convert VT polar to rect. data Excel formulas in column H are: VT (volts) q (deg)
450 Formula 20-13 Real axis = (VT x cos q) =(D450*COS(E450*PI()/180)) 66 60 33
451 (Series circuit) Imag. axis = (jVT x sin q) =(D450*SIN(E450*PI()/180)) 57.16
452 66Ð45 = (VT x cos q) + (jVT x sin q) Answer is:
453 66Ð45 = 33 + j57.16
454
455 CHAPTER 20 To convert IT polar to rect. data Excel formulas in column H are: IT (amps) q (deg)
456 Formula 20-14 Real axis = (IT x cos q) =(D456*COS(E456*PI()/180)) 15 30 12.99
457 (Parallel circuit) Imag. axis = (jIT x sin q) =(D456*SIN(E456*PI()/180)) 7.5
458 15Ð30 = (IT x cos q) + (jIT x sin q) Answer is:
459 15Ð30 = 12.99 + j7.5
460
461 CHAPTER 20 To find inductive susceptance Excel formula in column H is: 2p f (Hz) L (H)
462 Formula 20-15 BL = 1/2p x f x L =1/(D462*E462*F462) 6.28 60 1 0.00265
463 (Parallel circuit)
464
465 CHAPTER 20 To find capacitive susceptance Excel formula in column H is: 2p f (Hz) C (Farads)
466 Formula 20-16 BC = 2p x f x C =D466*E466*F466 6.28 60 4E-06 0.00151
467 (Parallel circuit)
Page 17 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
468
469 CHAPTER 20 To find admittance Excel formulas in column H are: G (S) Bnet (S)
470 Formula 20-17 Y = Ö G2 + jBnet2 =SQRT(D470^2+E470^2) 0.002 0.00114 0.0023
471 (Parallel circuit) (Note: tan of q = B/G) =E470/D470 0.57
472 (Note: q of Y = arctan B/G) =ATAN(H471)*180/pi() 29.7
473 Answer for Y is:
474 Y = 0.0023 Ð-29.7°S
475
476 CHAPTER 21 To find fr when L and C are known Excel formula in column H is: 2p L (H) C (Fd)
477 Formula 21-1 fr = 1/2p x Ö L x C =1/(D477*SQRT(E477*F477)) 6.28 0.0002 4E-10 562983
478 (Where: L=H; C=Fd; f=Hz)
479
480 CHAPTER 21 To find L when fr and C are known Excel formula in column H is: fr (Hz) C (Fd)
481 Formula 21-2 L = 0.02533/fr2 x C =0.02533/(D481^2*E481) 1000000 2.533E-10 0.0001
483
484 CHAPTER 21 To find C when fr and L are known Excel formula in column H is: fr (Hz) L (H)
485 Formula 21-3 C = 0.02533/fr2 x L =0.02533/(D485^2*E485) 1000000 0.0001 2.533E-10
487
488 CHAPTER 21 To find L when fr and C are known Excel formula in column H is: fr (MHz) C (pF)
489 Formula 21-4 L = 25,330/fr2 x C =25330/(D489^2*E489) 1 253.3 100
490 Where: L=mH; C=pF;f=MHz
491
492 CHAPTER 21 To find C when fr and L are known Excel formula in column H is: fr (MHz) L (mH)
493 Formula 21-5 C = 25,330/fr2 x L =25330/(D493^2*E493) 1 100 253.3
494 Where: L=mH; C=pF;f=MHz
495
496 CHAPTER 21 Information only!
497 Formula 21-6 No computations for this formula are required in text!
498
499 CHAPTER 21 To find bandwidth of res. circuit Excel formula in column H is: f2 (Hz) f1 (Hz)
500 Formula 21-7 BW = f2 - f1 =D500 - E500 1010000 990000 20000
501 (Where f2= higher f 0.707 pt
502 and f1 = lower f 0.707 pt)
Page 18 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
503
504 CHAPTER 21 To find BW knowing fr and Q Excel formula in column H is: fr (Hz) Q (number)
505 Formula 21-8 BW = fr/Q =D505/E505 5000 25 200
Page 19 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
506
507 CHAPTER 21 To find Q knowing fr and BW Excel formula in column H is: fr (Hz) BW (Hz)
508 Formula 21-9 Q = fr/BW =D508/E508 5000 200 25
509
510 CHAPTER 21 To find cutoff for RC network Excel formula in column H is: 2p R (ohms) C (Farads)
511 Formula 21-10 fc = 1/2p x R x C =1/(D511*E511*F511) 6.28 1000 1E-07 1592.36
512 (Note: For hi-pass simple C filter)
513
514 CHAPTER 21 To find cutoff for RL network Excel formula in column H is: 2p L (H) R (ohms)
515 Formula 21-11 fc = 1/2p x (L/R) =1/(D515*(E515/F515)) 6.28 0.1 1000 1592.36
516 (Note: For lo-pass simple L filter)
517
518 CHAPTER 22 To find max # of electrons in shell n Excel formula in column H is: n
519 Formula 22-1 Max # of electrons = 2 x n2 =2*D519^2 3 18
520
521 CHAPTER 23 To find I in circ. w/series diode and R Excel formula in column H is: VS (volts) VD (volts) R (ohms)
522 Formula 23-1 I = (VS - VD) / R =(D522-E522)/F522 10 0.7 150 0.062
523
524 CHAPTER 23 To find diode power dissipation Excel formula in column H is: I (amps) VD
525 Formula 23-2 P = I x VD =D525*E525 0.01 0.7 0.007
526
527 CHAPTER 23 To find zener diode pwr. dissipation Excel formula in column H is: Iz (amps) Vz (volts)
528 Formula 23-3 P = I z x Vz =D528*E528 0.05 5.1 0.255
529
530 CHAPTER 23 To find regulation transition point Excel formula in column H is: VzT R1 (ohms) RL (ohms)
531 Formula 23-4 Vs = VzT x (R1 + RL) / RL =D531*(E531+F531)/F531 9.1 100 750 10.31
532
533 CHAPTER 23 To find output V w/source <trans. pt. Excel formula in column H is: Vs (volts) RL (ohms) R1 (ohms)
534 Formula 23-5 VL = Vs x RL / (RL + R1) =D534*E534/(E534+F534) 9 750 100 7.94
535
536 CHAPTER 23 To find V to be dropped by VR Excel formula in column H is: Vs (volts) VD (volts)
537 Formula 23-6 VR = Vs - VD =D537-E537 12 1.5 10.5
538
539 CHAPTER 24 To find Vdc out of unfilt. H.W. rect. Excel formula in column H is: Vrms (volts)
540 Formula 24-1 Vdc = 0.45 x Vrms =0.45*D540 70.7 31.8
Page 20 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
541
542 CHAPTER 24 To find Vdc out of unfilt. H.W. rect. Excel formula in column H is: VPK (volts)
543 Formula 24-2 Vdc = 0.318 x VPK =0.318*D543 100 31.8
Page 21 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
544
545 CHAPTER 24 To find PIV of unfilt. H.W. rect. Excel formula in column H is: Vrms (V)
546 Formula 24-3 PIV (H.W.) = 1.414 x Vrms =1.414*D546 200 282.8
547
548 CHAPTER 24 To find ripple freq. H.W. rect. Excel formula in column H is: ac input f
549 Formula 24-4 Ripple freq. = ac input frequency =1*D549 60 60
550
551 CHAPTER 24 To find Vdc out of unfilt. F.W. rect. Excel formula in column H is: V (1/2 sec.)
552 Formula 24-5 Vdc = 0.9 x Vrms of half of secondary =0.9*D552 100 90
553
554 CHAPTER 24 To find Vdc out of unfilt. F.W. rect. Excel formula in column H is: V (full sec.)
555 Formula 24-6 Vdc = 0.45 x Vrms of full secondary =0.45*D555 200 90
556
557 CHAPTER 24 To find Vdc out of unfilt. F.W. rect. Excel formula in column H is: VPK (1/2 sec.)
558 Formula 24-7 Vdc = 0.637 x VPK of 1/2 secondary =0.637*D558 141.4 90.1
559
560 CHAPTER 24 To find Vdc out of unfilt. F.W. rect. Excel formula in column H is: VPK (full sec.)
561 Formula 24-8 Vdc = 0.318 x VPK of full secondary =0.318*D561 282.8 89.9
562
563 CHAPTER 24 To find PIV of unfilt. F.W. rect. Excel formula in column H is: V (Full sec.)
564 Formula 24-9 PIV (F.W.) = 1.414 x Vrms full secondary =1.414*D564 200 282.8
565
566 CHAPTER 24 To find ripple freq. F.W. rect. Excel formula in column H is: ac input f
567 Formula 24-10 Ripple freq. = 2 x ac input frequency =2*D567 60 120
568
569 CHAPTER 24 To find Vdc out (unfilt. bridge rect.) Excel formula in column H is: Vrms input
570 Formula 24-11 Vdc = 0.9 x Vrms of ac input =0.9*D570 12.6 11.34
571
572 CHAPTER 24 To find Vdc out (unfilt. bridge rect.) Excel formula in column H is: Vpk input
573 Formula 24-12 Vdc = 0.637 x VPK of ac input =0.637*D573 17.8 11.34
574
575 CHAPTER 24 To find PIV of unfilt. bridge rect. Excel formula in column H is: Vrms input
576 Formula 24-13 PIV (Bridge) = 1.414 x Vrms input =1.414*D576 200 282.8
577
578 CHAPTER 24 To find ripple freq. (bridge rect.) Excel formula in column H is: ac input f
Page 22 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
579 Formula 24-14 Ripple frequency (bridge) = 2 x ac in f =2*D579 60 120
580
581 CHAPTER 24 To find power supply out % ripple Excel formula in column H is: ac ripple p-p dc out
582 Formula 24-15 % Ripple = ac(ripple p-p)/dc out x 100 =D582/E582*100 1 48 2.08
Page 23 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
583
584 CHAPTER 24 To find power supply % regulation Excel formula in column H is: VNL(volts) VFL(volts)
585 Formula 24-16 % Reg. = (VNL- VFL)/ VFL x 100% =(D585-E585)/E585*100 12.2 11.8 3.39
586
587 CHAPTER 24 To find power diss. by IC regulator Excel formula in column H is: IB (amps) VIN (V) IL (amps) VOUT (V)
588 Formula 24-17 PREG = IB x VIN + IL x (VIN -VOUT ) =(D588*E588)+F588*(E588-G588) 0.0044 24 0.15 15 1.46
589
590 CHAPTER 24 To find efficiency of IC regulator Excel formula in column H is: Pout (W) Preg (W)
591 Formula 24-18 h = Pout / (Pout + Preg) x 100% =D591/(D591+E591)*100 2.25 1.446 60.88
592
593 CHAPTER 24 To find regulated dc output voltage Excel formula in column H is: Vref (V) R2 (ohms) R1 (ohms)
594 Formula 24-19 Vout = Vref x (1+R2 / R1 ) =D594*(1+E594/F594) 1.25 240 240 2.5
595
596 CHAPTER 24 To find D factor for "buck" reg. Excel formula in column H is: Ton (msec) Toff (msec)
597 Formula 24-20 D = Ton / (Ton + Toff) =D597/(D597+E597) 50 50 0.5
598
599 CHAPTER 24 To find Vout of a "buck" reg. Excel formula in column H is: Vin (volts) D value
600 Formula 24-21 Vout = Vin x D =D600*E600 24 0.5 12
601
602 CHAPTER 24 To find Vout of a "boost" reg. Excel formula in column H is: Vin (volts) D value
603 Formula 24-22 Vout = Vin /(1-D) =D603/(1-E603) 24 0.5 48.00
604
605 CHAPTER 24 To find Vout of a "flyback" reg. Excel formula in column H is: Vin (volts) D value
606 Formula 24-23 Vout = -Vin x D/(1-D) =-D606*E606/(1-E606) 24 0.5 -24
607
608 CHAPTER 25 To find transistor emitter current Excel formula in column H is: IC (mA) IB (mA)
609 Formula 25-1 IE = IC + IB =D609+E609 18 0.001 18.001
610
611 CHAPTER 25 To find dc Beta of transistor Excel formula in column H is: IC (mA) IB (mA)
612 Formula 25-2 bdc = IC/IB =D612/E612 1.2 0.024 50
613
614 CHAPTER 25 To find collector current Excel formula in column H is: βdc IB (mA)
615 Formula 25-3 IC = bdc x IB =D615*E615 50 0.024 1.2
616
Page 24 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
617 CHAPTER 25 To find base current Excel formula in column H is: IC (mA) βdc
618 Formula 25-4 IB = IC / bdc =D618/E618 1.2 50 0.024
619
620 CHAPTER 25 To find Alpha of transistor Excel formula in column H is: IC (mA) IE (mA)
621 Formula 25-5 a = IC / IE =D621/E621 9.8 10 0.98
622
623 CHAPTER 25 To find ac Beta (curr. gain) of trans. Excel formula in column H is: D IC (mA) D IB (mA)
624 Formula 25-6 bac = DIC / DIB =D624/E624 2 0.04 50
625
626 CHAPTER 26 To find voltage gain of amplifier Excel formula in column H is: Vout (Vpp) Vin (Vpp)
627 Formula 26-1 AV = Vout / Vin =D627/E627 1.2 0.05 24
628
629 CHAPTER 26 To find current gain of amplifier Excel formula in column H is: Iout (Ipp) Iin (Ipp)
630 Formula 26-2 AI = Iout / Iin =D630/E630 10 0.5 20
631
632 CHAPTER 26 To find power gain of an amplifier Excel formula in column H is: AV AI
633 Formula 26-3 AP = AV x AI =D633*E633 24 20 480
634
635 CHAPTER 26 To find base V with V divider bias Excel formula in column H is: VCC (volts) R1 (ohms) R2 (ohms)
636 Formula 26-4 VB»VTH = Vcc x R2 / (R1 + R2) =D636*F636/(E636+F636) 12 12000 2000 1.71
637
638 CHAPTER 26 To find emitter curr. with V div. bias Excel formula in column H is: VB (volts) VBE (volts) RE (ohms)
639 Formula 26-5 IE = (VB - VBE) / RE =(D639-E639)/F639 1.714 0.7 1000 0.001014
640
641 CHAPTER 26 To find collector-emitter voltage Excel formula in column H is: VCC (volts) IE (mA) RC (k W) RE (k W)
642 Formula 26-6 VCE = VCC - IE x (RC + RE) =D642-(E642*(F642+G642)) 12 1.014 3.9 1 7.03
643
644 CHAPTER 26 To find dynamic emitter resistance Excel formula in column H is: (mV) IE (mA)
645 Formula 26-7 re' = 25 mV / IE =D645/E645 25 1.014 24.65
646
647 CHAPTER 26 To find input impedance Excel formula in column H is: R1 (ohms) R2 (ohms) Beta re' (ohms)
648 Formula 26-8 ZIN = R1|| R2|| (Beta +1) x re' =1/(1/D648+1/E648+(1/(F648+1)))*G648 12000 2000 100 24.65 2351.13
649
650 CHAPTER 26 Approximation of output impedance Excel formula in column H is: RC (ohms)
Page 25 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
651 Formula 26-9 ZOUT = RC =D651 3000 3000
652
653 CHAPTER 26 Approximation of voltage gain Excel formula in column H is: RC (ohms) re' (ohms)
654 Formula 26-10 AV = -RC / re' =-D654/E654 3900 24.65 -158.22
655
656 CHAPTER 26 Approximation of current gain Excel formula in column H is: b R1 (ohms) R2 (ohms) re' (ohms)
657 Formula 26-11 Ai=b(R1||R2)/(R1||R2)+(b +1)re' =D657*(E657*F657/(E657+F657))/ 100 12000 2000 24.65 40.78
658 ((E657*F657/(E657+F657))+(D657+1)*G657
Page 26 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
659
660 CHAPTER 26 Approximation of input impedance Excel formula in column H is: b R1 (ohms) R2 (ohms) (re' +RE1)
661 Formula 26-12 ZIN = R1|| R2|| (Beta +1) x (re'+RE1)) =1/(1/E661+1/F661+(1/((D661+1)*(G661)))) 100 12000 2000 1024.65 1686.35
662
663 CHAPTER 26 Approximation of output impedance Excel formula in column H is: RC (ohms)
664 Formula 26-13 ZOUT = RC =D664 3900 3900
665
666 CHAPTER 26 Approximation of voltage gain Excel formula in column H is: RC (ohms) re' (ohms) RE1 (ohms)
667 Formula 26-14 AV » -RC / (re' + RE1 ) =-D667/(E667+F667) 3900 24.65 1000 -3.81
668
669 CHAPTER 26 Approximation of current gain Excel formula in column H is: b R1 (ohms) R2 (ohms) (re' +RE1)
670 Formula 26-15 Ai»b(R1||R2)/(R1||R2)+(b +1)x(re'+RE1) =D670*(E670*F670/(E670+F670))/ 100 12000 2000 1024.65 1.63
671 ((E670*F670/(E670+F670))+(D670+1)*(G670))
672
673 CHAPTER 26 Approx. gain of multistage amplifier Excel formula in column H is: AV1 AV2 AV3 ---
674 Formula 26-16 AV = AV1 x AV2 x AV3 … =D674*E674*F674 10 50 50 25000
675 where: AV1 = Zin1/(Zin1 + Zs)
676 AV2 is the gain of first amplifier
677 AV3 = Zin2/(Zin2 + Zout1)
678 AV4 is gain of 2nd amp…
679
680 CHAPTER 26 To approximate ZIN for CC amplifier Excel formula in column H is: R1 (ohms) R2 (ohms) b re' + RE W
681 Formula 26-17 ZIN = R1||R2|| ((b +1) x (re' +RE)) =1/(1/D681+1/E681+(1/((F681+1)*G681))) 12000 2000 100 1024 1686.33
682
683 CHAPTER 26 To approximate Zout for CC amplifier Excel formula in column H is: RE (ohms) re' (ohms)
684 Formula 26-18 ZOUT = RE || re' =1/(1/D684+1/E684) 500 24.65 23.49
685
686 CHAPTER 26 To approx. v. gain of CC amplifier Excel formula in column H is: RE (ohms) re' (ohms) RE (ohms)
687 Formula 26-19 AV = RE/(re' + RE) =D687/(E687+F687) 1000 24.65 1000 0.98
688 Note: AV»1
689
690 CHAPTER 26 To approx. curr. gain of CC amplifier Excel formula in column H is: b
691 Formula 26-20 Ai » -b =-D691 100 -100
692
Page 27 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
693 CHAPTER 26 To find approx Zin of CB amplifier Excel formula in column H is: RE (ohms) re' (ohms)
694 Formula 26-21 ZIN = RE || re' =D694*E694/(D694+E694) 1000 24.65 24.06
695
696 CHAPTER 26 To find approx Zout of CB amplifier Excel formula in column H is: RC (ohms)
697 Formula 26-22 ZOUT = RC =D697 3900 3900
698
699 CHAPTER 26 To approx. v. gain of CB amplifier Excel formula in column H is: RC (ohms) re' (ohms)
700 Formula 26-23 AV = RC / re' =D700/E700 3900 24.65 158.22
701
702 CHAPTER 26 To approx. current gain of CB amp Excel formula in column H is: AI
703 Formula 26-24 Ai » -1 =D703 -1 -1
704
705 CHAPTER 26 To define VCE at cutoff condition Excel formula in column H is: VCC (volts)
706 Formula 26-25 VCE = VCC =D706 12 12
707
708 CHAPTER 26 To find IC value at saturation Excel formula in column H is: VCC (volts) RC (ohms) RE (ohms)
709 Formula 26-26 IC(sat) = VCC/(RC + RE) =D709/(E709+F709) 12 3900 1000 0.00245
710
711 CHAPTER 27 To find drain curr JFETs & MOSFETs
712 Formula 27-1 ID=IDSS(1-(VGS/VGS(off) ))2
713 (NOTE: Shockley's equation, shown here for information only!)
714
715 CHAPTER 27 To find transconductance of FET Excel formula in column H is: D ID (amps) D VGS(V)
716 Formula 27-2 gm = D ID / D VGS =D716/E716 0.002 3 0.000667
717
718 CHAPTER 27 To find JFET gate to source V Excel formula in column H is: VGG (volts)
719 Formula 27-3 VGS = VGG =D719 5 5
720 (Note: Using fixed bias)
721
722 CHAPTER 27 To find JFET drain to source V Excel formula in column H is: VDD (volts) ID (amps) RD (ohms)
723 Formula 27-4 VDS = VDD - ID x RD =D723-(E723*F723) 12 0.005 1000 7
724 (Note: Using fixed bias)
725
726 CHAPTER 27 To find JFET gate to source V Excel formula in column H is: ID (amps) RS (ohms)
Page 28 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
727 Formula 27-5 VGS = - ID x RS =-D727*E727 0.004 1000 -4
728 (Note: Using self bias)
729
730 CHAPTER 27 To find JFET drain to source V Excel formula in column H is: VDD (volts) ID (amps) RD (ohms) RS (ohms)
731 Formula 27-6 VDS = VDD - ID x RD - ID x RS =D731-(E731*F731)-(E731*G731) 18 0.01 1000 390 4.1
732 (Note: Using self and V div. bias)
733
734 CHAPTER 27 To find JFET gate voltage Excel formula in column H is: VDD (volts) R1 (ohms) R2 (ohms)
735 Formula 27-7 VG = VDD x R2 / (R1 + R2) =D735*F735/(E735+F735) 12 100000 33000 2.98
736 (Note: Using voltage div. bias)
737
738 CHAPTER 27 To find JFET gate to source V Excel formula in column H is: VG (volts) ID (amps) RS (ohms)
739 Formula 27-8 VGS = VG - ID x RS =D739-(E739*F739) 2.98 0.0085 470 -1.02
740 (Note: Using V divider bias)
741
742 CHAPTER 27 To find E-MOSFET drain curr.
743 Formula 27-9 ID = k x (VGS - VT)2
744 (NOTE: Shockley's equation, shown here for information only!)
745
746 CHAPTER 27 To find FET power dissipation Excel formula in column H is: VDS (volts) ID (amps)
747 Formula 27-10 PFET = VDS x ID =D747*E747 0.12 1.3 0.156
748
749 CHAPTER 28 To find op-amp output V Excel formula in column H is: AVOL Vin (volts)
750 Formula 28-1 Vout = - AVOL x Vin =-D750*E750 50000 0.0002 -10
751 (open loop) (Note: Inverting input)
752
753 CHAPTER 28 To find op-amp output V Excel formula in column H is: AVOL Vin (volts)
754 Formula 28-2 Vout = AVOL x Vin =D754*E754 50000 0.0002 10
755 (open loop) (Note: Non-inverting input)
756
757 CHAPTER 28 To find op-amp output V Excel formula in column H is: AVOL V1 (volts) V2 (volts)
758 Formula 28-3 Vout = AVOL x (V1 - V2) =D758*(E758-F758) 50000 0.002 0.0015 25
759 (open loop) (Note: Differential amp circuit config.)
760
761 CHAPTER 28 To find inv. op-amp V gain Excel formula in column H is: Vout (volts) Vin (volts)
Page 29 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
762 Formula 28-4 AV = Vout / Vin =D762/E762 -15 2 -7.5
763 (Note: Assuming infinite input z)
764
765 CHAPTER 28 To find inv. op-amp V gain Excel formula in column H is: Rf (ohms) Ri (ohms)
766 Formula 28-5 AV = -Rf / Ri =-(D766/E766) 27000 1800 -15
767 (Note: Closed loop V gain)
768
769 CHAPTER 28 To find non-inv. op-amp V gain Excel formula in column H is: Rf (ohms) Ri (ohms)
770 Formula 28-6 AV = (Rf / Ri) + 1 =(D770/E770)+1 13000 1000 14
771
772 CHAPTER 28 To find V gain of V div. non-inv. amp. Excel formula in column H is: R1 (ohms) R2 (ohms) R3 (ohms) R4 (ohms)
773 Formula 28-7 AV=[(R2/R1)+1] x [R4/(R4 + R3)] =(E773/D773+1)*((G773/(G773+F773))) 10000 50000 20000 10000 2
Page 30 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
774
775 CHAPTER 28 To find V out of subtractor circuit Excel formula in column H is: Vin+ (volts) R1 (ohms) R2 (ohms) Vin- (volts)
776 Formula 28-8 Vout=Vin+x((R2/R1)+1)x(R4/(R4+R3))+ =D776*(F776/E776+1)*(E778/(E778+D778))+ 6 10000 10000 2 4
777 Vin- x (-R2/R1) G776*(-F776/E776) R3 (ohms) R4 (ohms)
778 5000 5000
779
780 CHAPTER 28 To find V out of subtractor circuit Excel formula in column H is: Vin+ (volts) Vin- (volts)
781 Formula 28-9 Vout = Vin+ - Vin- =D781-E781 -5 2 -7
782 (Note: Simplified formula when
783 R1=R2=R3=R4)
784
785 CHAPTER 28 To find V out of summing amplifier Excel formula in column H is: Vin1 (volts) Rf&R1&R2 Vin2 (volts)
786 Formula 28-10 Vout=Vin1 x (-Rf/R1)+Vin2 x (-Rf/R2) =D786*(-E786/E786)+F786*(-E786/E786) 2 10000 3 -5
787 (Note: For inverting amplifier with all R's equal value)
788
789 CHAPTER 28 To find V out of summing amplifier Excel formula in column H is: Vin1 (volts) Vin2 (volts) Vin3 (volts) R1 (ohms)
790 Formula 28-11 Vout=Vin1 x (-Rf/R1)+Vin2 x (-Rf/R2) + D790*(-F792/G790)+(E790)*(-F792/D792)+(F7 5 5 5 5000 -2.5
791 Vin3 x (-Rf/R3) (-F792/E792) R2 (ohms) R3 (ohms) Rf (ohms)
792 (Note: 3-input inverting amp with R1 and R3 of equal value) 10000 5000 1000
793
794 CHAPTER 28 To find V out of summing amplifier Excel formula in column H is: R1 (ohms) R2 (ohms) R3 (ohms) R4 (ohms)
795 Formula 28-12 Vout = (1+R2/R1) x [Vin1xR4/(R3+R4)] + =(1+E795/D795)*(D797*(G795/(F795+G795))+ 10000 20000 10000 20000 5.5
796 Vin2 x R3/(R3 + R4)] E797*F795/(F795+G795)) Vin1 (volts) Vin2 (volts)
797 1.5 2.5
798
799 CHAPTER 28 To find V out. change for integ. circ. Excel formula in column H is: - V in R (ohms) C (mF) D t (msec)
800 Formula 28-13 DVout = [-Vin / (R x C)] x Dt =D800/(E800*F800)*G800 -3 1000 0.01 5 -1.5
801
802 CHAPTER 28 To find V out. for differentiator circ. Excel formula in column H is: R (ohms) C (mF) D Vin (V) D t (msec)
803 Formula 28-14 Vout = (-R x C) x (DVin/Dt) =(D803*E803)*(F803/G803) -1000 0.01 0.5 1 -5
804
805 CHAPTER 28 To find V output of instrum. amp. Excel formula in column H is: R (ohms) RG (ohms) V2 (volts) V1 (volts)
806 Formula 28-15 Vout = (1 + 2 x R/RG) x (V2 - V1) =(1+2*D806/E806)*(F806-G806) 10000 5000 2 0.5 7.5
807
Page 31 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
808 CHAPTER 28 To find upper thresh. pt. of Sch. trig. Excel formula in column H is: Vmax (volts) R1 (ohms) R2 (ohms)
809 Formula 28-16 UTP = Vmax x [R1/(R1 + R2)] =D809*(E809/(E809+F809)) 12 10000 100000 1.09
810
811 CHAPTER 28 To find lower thresh. pt. of Sch. trig. Excel formula in column H is: Vmin (volts) R1 (ohms) R2 (ohms)
812 Formula 28-17 LTP = Vmin x [R1/(R1 + R2)] =D812*(E812/(E812+F812)) -12 10000 100000 -1.09
813
814 CHAPTER 28 To find output V of IC audio amplifier Excel formula in column H is: Vin (volts) R1B (ohms) R1A (ohms) jXC1 (ohms)
815 Formula 28-18 Vout = Vin x [R1B / (R1A+R1B-jXC1)] =(D815*E815)/SQRT((F815+E815)^2+(G815)^2 0.1 2000 8000 723.4 0.397
816 x 20 x [RSPK) / (RSPK-jXC2 )] (20*D817)/SQRT(D817^2+E817^2) RSPK (ohms) jXC2 (ohms)
817 (Note: R1A and R1B = input signal potentiometer) 8 0.7234
818
819 CHAPTER 28 To find Vout of OTA diff. amplifier Excel formula in column H is: V1 (volts) V2 (volts) k IBIAS (amps)
820 Formula 28-19 Vout = (V1 - V2) x k x IBIAS x RL =(D820-E820)*F820*(G820*D822) 0.2 0.15 20 0.000486 4.86
821 RL(ohms)
822 10000
823
824 CHAPTER 28 To find UTP V for Sch. trig. comp. Excel formula in column H is: IBIAS (amps) R1 (ohms)
825 Formula 28-20 UTP = IBIAS x R1 =D825*E825 0.000486 10000 4.86
826 where:
827 IBIAS = VBIAS - V - - 0.7/RBIAS
828
829 CHAPTER 28 To find LTP V for Sch. trig. comp. Excel formula in column H is: IBIAS (amps) R1 (ohms)
830 Formula 28-21 LTP = -IBIAS x R1 =D830*E830 -0.000486 10000 -4.86
831
832 CHAPTER 28 To find fC of 1st order low-pass filter Excel formula in column H is: 2p R (ohms) C (farads)
833 Formula 28-22 fc = 1/(2p x R x C) =1/(D833*E833*F833) 6.28 1000 1E-06 159.24
834
835 CHAPTER 28 To find Vout of 1st order low-pass filt. Excel formula in column H is: Vin (volts) - j XC R (ohms) R2 (ohms)
836 Formula 28-23 Vout = Vin x [-jXC/(R-jXC)] x (1+R2/R1) =D836*E836/SQRT(F836^2+E836^2)* 1 10000 10000 10000 1.414
837 (1+G836/D838) R1 (ohms)
838 10000
839
840 CHAPTER 28 To find fC of 1st order hi-pass filter Excel formula in column H is: 2p R (ohms) C (farads)
841 Formula 28-24 fc = 1/(2p x R x C) =1/(D841*E841*F841) 6.28 10000 2.2E-09 7238
Page 32 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
842
843 CHAPTER 28 To find Vout of 1st order hi-pass filt. Excel formula in column H is: Vin (volts) R (ohms) - j XC R2 (ohms)
844 Formula 28-25 Vout = Vin x [R/(R - jXC)] x (1+R2/R1) =D844*(E844/SQRT(E844^2+F844^2)) 1 10000 10000 10000 1.414
845 *(1+G844/D846)) R1 (ohms)
846 10000
847
848 CHAPTER 28 To find center f of bandpass filter Excel formula in column H is: R1 (ohms) R2 (ohms) R3 (ohms) C1 (farads)
849 Formula 28-26 fo=1/2p xÖ[R1xR2/(R1+R2)]xR3xC1xC2) =1/(6.28*SQRT(D849*E849/(D849+E849)* 1000 1000 20000 1E-08 7345
850 F849*G849*D851)) C2 (farads)
851 4.7E-09
852
853 CHAPTER 28 To find the BW of bandpass filter Excel formula in column H is: fo (Hz) Q
854 Formula 28-27 BW = fo/Q =D854/E854 7345 3.16 2324
855
856 CHAPTER 28 To find low cutoff f of bandpass filter Excel formula in column H is: fo (Hz) BW (Hz)
857 Formula 28-28 fc1 = fo - BW/2 =D857-(E857/2) 7345 2324 6183
858
859 CHAPTER 28 To find upper cutoff f of bandps. filt. Excel formula in column H is: fo (Hz) BW (Hz)
860 Formula 28-29 fc2 = fo + BW/2 =D860+(E860/2) 7345 2324 8507
861
862 CHAPTER 28 To find center f of bandstop filter Excel formula in column H is: R1 (ohms) R2 (ohms) C1 (farads) C2 (farads)
863 Formula 28-30 fo = 1/(2p x Ö R1 x R2 x C1 x C2 ) =1/(6.28*SQRT(D863*E863*F863*G863)) 1000 20000 1E-08 1E-08 3561
864
865 CHAPTER 28 To find digit. dec. value for ADC circ. Excel formula in column H is: Vin1 (volts)
866 Formula 28-31 DATA = Vin1 x (255/5 V) dec. rep. =D866*(255/5) 2 102
867
868 CHAPTER 28 To find Vout for DAC coverter Excel formula in column H is: VREF (volts) R14 (ohms) D7 D6
869 Formula 28-32 Vout = (-VREF/R14) x [D 7 /2)+(D6/4)+D5/8) =(-D869/E869)*((F869/2)+(G869/4)+(D871/8) 10 10000 1 0 5.390625
870 +(D4/16)+(D3/32)+(D2/64)+(D1/128)+ +(E871/16)+(F871/32)+(G871/64)+(D873/128 D5 D4 D3 D2
871 (D0/256)] x (- R1) +(E873/256))*(-F873) 0 0 1 0
872 D1 D0 R1 (ohms)
873 1 0 10000
874
875 CHAPTER 29 To find fr of LC tank circuit Excel formula in column H is: 2p L (H) C (farads)
Page 33 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
876 Formula 29-1 fr = 1/2p x Ö LC =1/(D876*SQRT(E876*F876)) 6.28 4E-05 1E-10 2517737
877
878 CHAPTER 29 To find fr of a Hartley Osc. circuit Excel formula in column H is: 2p Lt (H) C (farads)
879 Formula 29-2 fr = 1/2p x Ö LtC =1/(D879*SQRT(E879*F879)) 6.28 4E-05 1E-10 2517737
880
881 CHAPTER 29 To find LT in Hartley Osc. tank circuit Excel formula in column H is: L1A (H) L1B (H)
882 Formula 29-3 Lt = L1A + L1B =D882+E882 2E-05 2E-05 4E-05
883
884 CHAPTER 29 To find fr of a Colpitts Osc. circuit Excel formula in column H is: 2p L (H) CT (farads)
885 Formula 29-4 fr = 1/2p x Ö L1CT =1/(D885*SQRT(E885*F885)) 6.28 0.0001 3.33E-10 872606
886
887 CHAPTER 29 To find CT in Colpitts Osc. tank circ. Excel formula in column H is: C1 (farads) C2 (farads)
888 Formula 29-5 CT = C1 x C2/(C1 + C2) =D888*E888/(D888+E888) 1E-09 5E-10 0.000000000333
Page 34 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
889
890 CHAPTER 29 To find CT in Clapp Osc. tank circuit Excel formula in column H is: C1 (farads) C2 (farads) C3 (farads)
891 Formula 29-6 CT = 1/(1/C1 + 1/C2 + 1/C3) =1/(1/D891+1/E891+1/F891) 1E-09 1E-07 1E-07 0.000000000980
892
893 CHAPTER 29 To find fr of a phase-shift oscillator Excel formula in column H is: 2p R (ohms) C (farads)
894 Formula 29-7 fr = 1/2p x R x C x Ö 6 =1/((D894*E894*F894*SQRT(6))) 6.28 3300 1E-08 1970
895 (Note: All R's = and All C's = value)
896
897 CHAPTER 29 To find fr of Wien bridge oscillator Excel formula in column H is: 2p R (ohms) C (farads)
898 Formula 29-8 fr = 1/2p x R x C =1/(D898*E898*F898) 6.28 100000 1E-07 15.92
899
900 CHAPTER 29 Estimated timing for monostable MV Excel formula in column H is: RC (ohms) C (farads)
901 Formula 29-9 ton = 0.69 x RC x C =0.69*D901*E901 100000 1E-07 0.0069
902
903 CHAPTER 29 Est. timing for 555 type mono. MV Excel formula in column H is: RC (ohms) C (farads)
904 Formula 29-10 tw = 1.1 x RC x C =1.1*D904*E904 1000000 1E-05 11
905
906 CHAPTER 29 Est. timing intervals for astable MV Excel formula in column H is: RC1 (ohms) CC1 (Fd)
907 Formula 29-11 t = 0.7 x R x C =0.7*D907*E907 10000 1E-08 7E-05
908
909 CHAPTER 29 Operating freq. of an astable MV Excel formula in column H is: RC (ohms) C (farads)
910 Formula 29-12 f = 1/1.38 x RC x C =1/(1.38*D910*E910) 47000 1E-08 1542
911 Note: If R's = value and C's = vaues
912
913 CHAPTER 29 Operating freq. of an IC astable MV Excel formula in column H is: C (farads) RA (ohms) RB (ohms)
914 Formula 29-13 f = 1/0.69 x C x (RA + 2 x RB) =1/(0.69*D914*(E914+2*F914)) 1E-09 10000 47000 13935
915
917
918 CHAPTER 31 To find V to be dropped by R in LED circ. Excel formula in column H is: VS (volts) VD (volts)
919 Formula 31-1 VR = VS - VD =D919-E919 12 1.5 10.5
920
921 CHAPTER 31 To find R value for given LED curr. Excel formula in column H is: VR (volts) ID (amps)
922 Formula 31-2 R = VR / ID =D922/E922 7.5 0.015 500
Page 35 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
923 (Note: Knowing that VR = VS-VD)
924
925 CHAPTER 31 To find R value for given LED curr. Excel formula in column H is: VS (volts) VD (volts) ID (amps)
926 Formula 31-3 R = (VS - VD) / ID =(D926-E926)/F926 9 1.5 0.015 500
Page 36 of 40
A B C D E F G H
3
6
8 ANSWERS:
9 From Use of
927
928 CHAPTER 31 To find I in photodiode circuit R (ohms) PRCVD
929 Formula 31-4 I = R x PRCVD =D929*E929 100000 (unknown) (Need value for E929)
930 (Note: Knowing device spectral response
931 and amount of received optical power)
932
933 CHAPTER 31 To find opto-isolator current Excel formula in column H is: CTR ID (amps)
934 Formula 31-5 IC = CTR x ID =D934*E934 1 0.01 0.01
935 (Note: CTR is current transfer ratio)
936
937 CHAPTER 31 Power gain/loss in fiber optic cable Excel formula in column H is: Pout (mW) Pin (mW)
938 Formula 31-6 A = 10 log10 (Pout / Pin) =10*LOG(D938/E938,10) 3.33 333 -20
939
940 CHAPTER 31 Find output power of fiber optic cbl. Excel formula in column H is: Pin (mW)
941 Formula 31-7 Pout = Pin x ( 10A/10 ) =D941*(10^-20/10) 333 3.33E-19
Page 37 of 40
I
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
s 600=600
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
Page 38 of 40
I
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
38.97 + j22.5
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
2.99 +459
j7.5
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
Page 39 of 40
I
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
927
928
929
ue for E929)
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
Page 40 of 40

Chapter-By-Chapter Formulas and Sample Excel Equivalent Spreadsheet Formulas

Caricato da

Informazioni sul documento

Titolo originale

Copyright

Formati disponibili

Condividi questo documento

Condividi o incorpora il documento

Opzioni di condivisione

Hai trovato utile questo documento?

Questo contenuto è inappropriato?

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

Chapter-By-Chapter Formulas and Sample Excel Equivalent Spreadsheet Formulas

Caricato da

Copyright:

Formati disponibili

A B C D E F G H

1 CHAPTER-BY-CHAPTER FORMULAS AND SAMPLE EXCEL EQUIVALENT SPREADSHEET FORMULAS

Potrebbero piacerti anche