Analysis of Circular Base Plates with Large Eccentric Loads

1. Input data
Axial load P= 889.64 kN
moment load M= 2259.69 kN.m
Eccentricity e = M/N = 2.54 m
Outside diameter of the steel column pipe Do = 1066.80 mm
Ratio of concrete to plate areas A2/A1 = 1.50
Allowable stresses for the base plate Fy = 344.74 MPa
Allowable stresses for the anchor bolts Fy,b = 303.37 MPa
The concrete strength f'c = 34.47 MPa
2. Calculation design
2.1. Base plate thickness calculated
The maximum design bearing stress is
F_p=0.35× 〖 f′ 〗 _c×√(A2/A1)
= 14.78 MPa

Check stress; = 24.13 MPa - Pass

F_p≤0.7× 〖 f^′ 〗 _c
Assume a trial base plate size (dia.) N= 1524.00 mm
Assume total number of the anchor bolts nb = 24.00
Assume diameter of the anchor bolts db = 38.10 mm
The allowable anchor bolt force Tt,b = 345.87 kN
Bolt circle dia. B.C.D = 1295.40 mm
This is the case for large eccentricity - Yes
Angle between each center bolt θ= 15.00 dgree
Dist. between the c.g. of the anchor bolt forces and the col. center:
A^′=(∑▒ 〖 y_i×n_i 〗 )/(∑▒n_i )
(Distance from the c.g. of the anchor bolts in the half of
= 447.25 mm
the circle to the centerline of the base plate
Rise of the circular segment (comp. stress bearing area) A= 459.74 mm
Determine the section properties of the circular segment
α=arccos⁡((N/2−A)/(N/2))
(compressive bearing area) as follows: = 1.16 rad

= 66.63 dgree
The chord of the segment is: B=2×sin⁡α×N/2 = 1398.98 mm
and area of the segment (compressive bearing area)
A_seg=0.0087266×(N/2)^2×2α−B(N/2−A)/2 = 463808.09 mm2
Determine the c.g. of the segment:
C=N/2 ((2×sin^3⁡α)/3(α−sin⁡α 〖 .cos 〗⁡α ) −cos⁡α )
If α ≥ π/4 = 0.785 rad; = 189.67 mm

C=0.2×N/2×α^2 (1−0.0619α^2+0.0027α^4 )
If α < π/4 = 0.785 rad; =

Where: C_distance from the c.g. of compressive stress bearing area to the zero stress section.
Determine the values of both the left and right sides:
On the left of the equation: P(e+A^′ ) = 2657.59 kN.m
F_p×C/A×A_seg [N/2−(A−C)+A′]
Second member of equation: = 2655.76 kN.m

Since: the difference between the left and right sides of Eq. only 0.07%. Eq. is satisfied
Determine T (sum of the anchor bolt forces in the half of the circle)
T=F_p×C/A×A_seg−P
= 1938.08 kN
 Determine Tmax (where Tmax = T1_outmost anchor bolt force)
T_max=T/(1+2/y_1 ∑24_(i=2)^n▒y_1 )
= 255.15 kN

Check tensile force on bolt:

T_max≤T_(t,b)= 345.87 kN - Pass
Assuming the stiffeners are provided:
If the stiffeners are provided, the critical section is located at 533.4 mm from the centerline of the
base plate. Similar to the previous calculation, consider the circular segment at the critical section
and calculate the section properties of the segment as follows:
α1=arccos⁡((Do/2)/(N/2))
= 0.795 rad

= 45.57 dgree
The chord of the segment is B1 = 1088.35 mm
and the area of the segment is Aseg1 = 171577.18 mm2
Since:
If α1 ≥ π/4 = 0.785 rad; C1 = 92.73 mm
If α1 < π/4 = 0.785 rad; C1 =
t_(p,req)=√((6M_pl1)/F_b )
Determine the base plate thickness: = 59.43 mm

Where:
Moment for a 1 mm wide strip at the critical section, i.e., the total moment
at the critical section divided by the chord at the critical section:
M_pl1=[(A−0.5(N−D_o )+C1)/A]((F_p×A_seg1×C1)/B1)
= 0.15 kN.m

The allowable bending stress of base plate F_b=0.75F_y = 258.55 MPa

-> Since, select base plate thickness is: tb = 60.00 mm
2.2. Compressive Stress in a Circular Segment
R_c=F_p×C/A×A_seg
Resultant compressive force Rc in a circular segment: = 2827.72 kN
 Analysis of Circular Base Plates with Large Eccentric Loads
1. Input data
Axial load P= 600.73 kN
moment load M= 15.04 kN.m
Eccentricity e = M/N = 0.03 m
Outside diameter of the steel column pipe Do = 219.00 mm
Ratio of concrete to plate areas A2/A1 = 2.89
Allowable stresses for the base plate Fy = 210.00 MPa
Allowable stresses for the anchor bolts Fy,b = 210.00 MPa
The concrete strength f'c = 20.00 MPa
2. Calculation design
2.1. Base plate thickness calculated
The maximum design bearing stress is
F_p=0.35× 〖 f′ 〗 _c×√(A2/A1)
F_p≤0.7× 〖 f^′ 〗 _c
= 11.89 MPa

Check stress; = 14.00 MPa - Pass

Assume a trial base plate size (dia.) N= 450.00 mm
Assume total number of the anchor bolts nb = 6.00
Assume diameter of the anchor bolts db = 26.00 mm
The allowable anchor bolt force Tt,b = 111.50 kN
Bolt circle dia. B.C.D = 350.00 mm
This is the case for large eccentricity - No
Angle between each center bolt θ= 60.00 dgree
Dist. between the c.g. of the anchor bolt forces and the col. center:
A^′=(∑▒ 〖 y_i×n_i 〗 )/(∑▒n_i )
(Distance from the c.g. of the anchor bolts in the half of
= 116.67 mm
the circle to the centerline of the base plate
Rise of the circular segment (comp. stress bearing area) A= 253.41 mm
Determine the section properties of the circular(segment
α=arccos⁡ (N/2−A)/(N/2))

(compressive bearing area) as follows: = 1.70 rad

B=2×sin⁡α×N/2
= 97.25 dgree
The chord of the segment is: = 446.40 mm
and area of the segment (compressive bearing area)
A_seg=0.0087266×(N/2)^2×2α−B(N/2−A)/2
= 92271.72 mm2
Determine the c.g. of the segment:
C=N/2 ((2×sin^3⁡α)/3(α−sin⁡α 〖 .cos 〗⁡α ) −cos⁡α )
If α ≥ π/4 = 0.785 rad; = 108.75 mm
C=0.2×N/2×α^2 (1−0.0619α^2+0.0027α^4 )

If α < π/4 = 0.785 rad; =

P(e+A^′ )
Where: C_distance from the c.g. of compressive stress bearing area to the zero stress section.
F_p×C/A×A_seg [N/2−(A−C)+A′]
Determine the values of both the left and right sides:
On the left of the equation: = 85.12 kN.m

Second member of equation: T=F_p×C/A×A_seg−P = 92.75 kN.m

Since: the difference between the leftT_max=T/(1+2/y_1 ∑_(i=2)^n▒y_1

and right sides of Eq. only Re-check) A' %. Eq. is satisfied
Determine T (sum of the anchor bolt forces in the half of the circle)
T_max≤T_(t,b)
= -129.93 kN
 Determine Tmax (where Tmax = T1_outmost anchor bolt force)

= -64.97 kN
α1=arccos⁡((Do/2)/(N/2))
Check tensile force on bolt:
= 111.50 kN - Pass
Assuming the stiffeners are provided:
If the stiffeners are provided, the critical section is located at 109.5 mm from the centerline of the
base plate. Similar to the previous calculation, consider the circular segment at the critical section
and calculate the section properties of the segment as follows:
t_(p,req)=√((6M_pl1)/F_b )
= 1.063 rad

= 60.88 dgree
The chord of the segment is B1 = 393.11 mm
M_pl1=[(A−0.5(N−D_o
and the area of the segment is )+C1)/A]((F_p×A_seg1×C1)/B1)
A = 32267.09 mm2
F_b=0.75F_y
seg1

Since:
If α1 ≥ π/4 = 0.785 rad; C1 = 47.40 mm
If α1 < π/4 = 0.785 rad; C1 =
R_c=F_p×C/A×A_seg

Determine the base plate thickness: = 35.90 mm

Where:
Moment for a 1 mm wide strip at the critical section, i.e., the total moment
at the critical section divided by the chord at the critical section:

= 0.03 kN.m

The allowable bending stress of base plate = 157.50 MPa

-> Since, select base plate thickness is: tb = 36.00 mm
2.2. Compressive Stress in a Circular Segment

Resultant compressive force Rc in a circular segment: = 470.80 kN

 DESIGN OF HOOKER BOLTS
1. Input data:
The nominal diameter of the bolt or rod d= 19.1 mm
Bolt Type Material Grade - A36
Minimum tensile strength Fu = 400.0 MPa
The concrete strength TCVN B20 - Rb = 11.5 MPa
ACI f'c = 15.0 MPa
Minimum embedment length Le = 12 x d = 228.6 mm
Fisher (1981), recommends that the hook be designed for bearing, with the
tensile capacity given by the following:
T_h=0.7× 〖 f′ 〗 _c×d×L_h
The design of hooked anchors
2. Design length hooker:
2.1. ASD Procedure:
Determine the allowable bolt tensile load T:
T=A_g×F_T = 37.6 kN
Where:
The gross area of the bolt Ag = 285.0 mm2
Allowable tensile stress FT = 0.33 Fu = 132.0 MPa
The required hook length to develop half of T is then:
L_h=((T/2))/(((0.7× 〖 f′ 〗 _c×d)/1.7) )
= 159.5 mm

2.2 LRFD Procedure:

Determine the bolt tensile capacity Tu: T_u=0.75×φ_t×A_g×F_u = 64.1 kN
Where:
The gross area of the bolt Ag = 285.0 mm2
The specified minimum tensile strength Fu = 400.0 MPa
The tensile resistance factor ϕt = 0.75
The required hook length to develop half is then:
L_h=((T/2))/(0.7× 〖 f′ 〗 _c×d)
= 160.0 mm

3. Total length of the bolts anchor

The total length of the bar should be equal to the hook length plus the length
taken from the previous
L = Le + Lh = 390.0 mm
 Rbt
STT Tên fcu (MPa) fck (MPa) Rb (MPa) Eb (MPa)
(MPa)
1 B15 15 12 8.5 0.75 23000
2 B20 20 16 11.5 0.9 27000
3 B25 25 20 14.5 1.05 30000
4 B30 30 25 17 1.2 32500
5 B35 35 28 19.5 1.3 34500
6 B40 40 32 22 1.4 36000
7 B45 45 35 25 1.45 37500
8 B50 50 40 27.5 1.55 39000