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How to Remove Air From Refrigeration Cooling System?

When air enters a refrigeration system, how to remove air from the refrigeration cooling system?

In the refrigeration system, for the air means that when the refrigeration system is in operation, the gas
can not condense into a liquid, but always into a gas state at a speci c temperature and pressure in the
condenser. These gases mainly include nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, Carbon Dioxide, hydrocarbon gas,
inert gas and the mixture of these gases. As the existence of air, the energy consumption of compressor
increases and the cooling capacity of the refrigeration system decreases.

Why has air in the Refrigeration Cooling System

1. Inadequate emptying of the refrigeration system before refrigerant charging

Air is lled in the compressor cylinders, condensers, evaporators and piping of the refrigeration system
prior to the lling of the chiller. In order to remove this air, it is necessary to vacuum the interior of the
refrigeration system, sometimes due to subjective and objective reasons, the vacuum inside the
refrigeration system is not enough to meet the requirements, leaving a small amount of air in the
system.

2. Bring in when lling gas

In the refrigeration system, before the gas is lled into the refrigeration system, the tubes used are lled
with air. As the human factors and other reasons, when the gas is lled, the air in the tubes is not
exhausted and is directly connected to the refrigeration system. This air enters the refrigeration system
with the gas-charged.

3. Mixing non-condensable gas during refrigeration system maintenance

Refrigeration System Work for a long time, it is inevitable to need to check maintenance or cleaning
replacement, so sometimes need to open machinery or pipelines, often in the process of dismantling
and installation of air into the refrigeration system.

4. In ltrate the system from the outside atmosphere

In some refrigeration systems, if the working pressure is lower than the atmospheric pressure, the air in
the atmosphere will in ltrate into the refrigeration system through various gaps. These gaps are
distributed in various types of valves, compressors, non-welded place and many other places.

5. Chemical reactions from gas

In the ammonia refrigeration system, the gas ammonia can be decomposed into ammonia and
hydrogen under certain temperature and pressure, and the decomposition degree is positively related
to temperature and pressure.

In the Freon refrigeration system, Freon may react with impurities in the system to produce non-
condensable gas. If R12 reacts with water under certain conditions, carbon dioxide is produced.

6. The breakdown of lubricating oil will also produce non-condensable gas

In the refrigeration system, some lubricants, such as Mineral Lubricants in complex conditions can be
decomposed to produce a variety of hydrocarbon gas, these hydrocarbon gas will be mixed into the
refrigerant system.

Distribution of air
In a refrigeration system, when there is air in the low-pressure side, the gas is quickly pumped by the
compressor and enters the high-pressure side. Therefore, usually, the air is mainly concentrated in the
high-pressure side of the system condenser and high- pressure reservoir.
In the murder weapon. In both evaporative and shell-and-tube condensers, the air will adhere to the
heat transfer surface as much as possible, as shown in the following gure. And the air in the reservoir
is usually concentrated in the space far from the air inlet with very low air velocity.

The harm of non-condensable gas

 

1. Reduce System Cooling capacity

When the air accumulates in the condenser, the air attaches to the inner wall of the condenser and
occupies a certain space, thus reducing the condensing area and forming a thermal resistance between
the gas and the condenser. The heat transfer e ciency is reduced, and the heat can not be discharged
out of the system in time, thus reducing the cooling capacity of the refrigeration system.

2. System power consumption increases

As the decrease of heat transfer e ciency, the condensing temperature and condensing pressure is a
rise, so in the automatic control refrigeration system, in order to keep the condensing degree
unchanged, it is necessary to increase the ow of condensing water. The gas temperature and air in the
low condenser. This increases the energy consumption of the condensate pump. At the same time, with
the increase of condensing pressure, the outlet pressure of the compressor becomes larger than that of
the normal working condition.

 
3. Cause damage to mechanical equipment

With the increase of the discharge pressure of the compressor, the force acting on the bearing,
transmission device and the sliding surface is also increased, which speeds up the wear and aging of the
equipment and deterioration of the lubricating oil, and causes the damage of the mechanical
equipment.

At the same time, because of the severe wear of the sliding surface, the gas leakage will increase.

How to Remove Air From Refrigeration Cooling System?

At present, Usually, the use of manual removal of the air method. This method is based on the level of
condensation pressure to determine whether the internal refrigeration system contains more air, and
determine whether emissions. This method to a large extent depends on the operator’s experience,
exible operation, air emissions more thoroughly.

But this method is costly, in the exclusion of non-condensable gas process, easy to waste a large
number of refrigerants, pollution to the environment, but also may harm the operator.

1. Mini Freon refrigeration systems

No need to set up special exhaust equipment, the use of the system itself can exclude the air, the
speci c operation steps are:

Step 1:

Close the condenser outlet valve and the high-pressure Reservoir Outlet Valve;

Step 2

Starting the compressor, pumping the gas in the low-pressure system to the condenser or high-pressure
reservoir;

Step 3

When the low-pressure part of the refrigeration system is kept in a stable vacuum state, stop the
compressor and close the suction valve, while the exhaust valve is kept open

Step 4

About 10 minutes, loosen the compressor exhaust valve multi-channel bolts, or open the condenser at
the top of the vent valve discharge air;

Step 5
Feel the air temperature by hand, when there is no cool feeling or feel relatively hot, that most of the
discharge of non-condensable gas, otherwise that is the discharge of Freon gas, this time should
suspend the operation of non-condensable gas discharge, the temperature di erence between the
saturation temperature of the high-pressure system and the outlet temperature of the condenser
should be checked. If the temperature di erence is large, there are more non-condensable gases. The
non-condensable gases should be released intermittently after the mixture is fully cooled

Step 6

Discharge of air end, should tighten the compressor exhaust valve multi-channel or close the condenser
above the exhaust valve, stop the condenser water supply.

2. Large Freon refrigeration system

For Large Freon refrigeration systems, air separators should be installed. Figure 4 shows the
con guration of a manual casing air separator, which is also widely used in most ammonia refrigeration
systems.

The separator is welded by four concentric tubes, including two pairs of inlet and outlet, one pair is the
liquid refrigerant inlet from the condenser and the other is the outlet of the refrigerant gas through
endothermic evaporation. The other pair is composed of air and refrigerant vapor mixture of the gas
inlet and air discharge valve into the atmosphere by the outlet.

The process of removing air

The high-pressure refrigerant liquid in the ow process, through the rst and third layer, and in the
second and fourth layer of mixed gas heat exchange, refrigerant liquid evaporation into refrigerant gas,
the refrigerant gas in the mixed gas is condensed into a liquid;

Air is deposited in the second and fourth casing. When a su cient amount is accumulated, the open-air
valve releases the non-condensable gas, and the liquid refrigerant evaporates through the throttle valve
into the pipe.

Automatic elimination
The method of automatically removing air is to control the emission of air according to the parameters
such as temperature, at the same time, the refrigerant in the mixed gas is recovered as far as possible
by the refrigerant recovery unit, leaving the air. Final discharge system.

The automatic elimination method is suitable for the ammonia refrigerant system

The diagram below shows the structure of the automatic air separator used in the ammonia
refrigeration system.

The working principle is similar to the manual separator except that it is equipped with a pressure
switch, a temperature controller and an electromagnetic valve instead of a throttle valve. After the
mixed gas containing air enters the separator, most of the ammonia gas is condensed as liquid
ammonia and accumulates at the bottom, while a small amount of ammonia gas and air accumulates in
the separator, and the temperature also drops continuously.

When the temperature reaches the set value, the solenoid valve opens and the mixed gas enters the
ammonia water mixer. After treatment, only air is discharged. The air separator has the advantages of
simple operation and a high degree of automation.

But in the work process, lacks the exibility, the movement is more mechanical.

By fany | August 14th, 2019 | Updates

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