Dharmender SinhaSSM - Sept2020 PDF

International Double Blind Peer Peviewed,Refereed,Indexed Research Journal,ISSN(Print)-0974-2832,E-ISSN-2320-5474,RNI-RAJBIL-2009/29954,Impact Factor-5.
901(SJIF),Sept-2020
International Indexed, Peer Reviewed & Refereed Research Journal Related to Higher Education For all Subject
SEPT, 2020 IMPACT FACTOR 5.901 (SJIF)
ISSN 0974-2832 (Print), E-ISSN- 2320-5474,RNI RAJBIL 2009/29954
Editor in Chief
Dr. Krishan Bir Singh
www.ugcjournal.com
SHODH SAMIKSHA AUR MULYANKAN 1
Impact Factor : 5.901(SJIF) RNI : RAJBIL2009/29954
International Double Blind Peer Peviewed,Refereed,Indexed Research Journal,ISSN(Print)-0974-2832,E-ISSN-2320-5474,RNI-RAJBIL-2009/29954,Impact Factor-5.901(SJIF),Sept-2020
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eq [ ; l Ei knd & MkW - d`". kchj fl a g dk ekun i n , oadk; Zi w . kZ

r %voSr fud gS A
bl ' kks/k i f=dk dsi zd k' ku] l Ei knu , oaeq nz.k esai w
. kZ
r %l ko/kkuh cj r h xbZgSA fdl h Hkh i zd kj dh =qfV egt ekuoh; Hkw
y ekuh t k; sA
' kks/k i = dh l eLRk ft EEksnkj h ' kks/ki = ys[kd dh gksxhA=q Vh gsrql Ei knd] i zd k' kd , oaeq
nzd ft EEksnkj ughagksxkA
l eLRk fooknks adk U; k; {ks = t ;iq j ' kgj gh gks xkA
1 . Editing of the research journal is processed without any remittance. The selection and publication is done after
recommendation of Peer Reviewed Team, Refereed and subject expert Team.
2 . Thoughts, language vision and example in published research paper are entirely of author of research paper. It is
n o t necessary that both editor and editorial board are satisfied by the research paper. The responsibility of the
matter of research paper is entirely of author.
3 . Along with research paper it is compulsory to sent Membership form and copyright form. Both form can be
downloaded from website i.e. www.ugcjournal.com
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6 . All the legal undertaking related to this research journal are subjected to be hearable at jaipur jurisdiction
only.
2 SHODH SAMIKSHA AUR MULYANKAN

EDITORIAL BOARD
Christo Ananth
Patron
Gopinath Palai
Prof. Kala Nath Shastri
Dr. Neeta Gupta
(Rashtrapati Puraskar” For His Contribution To
Dr. Vinita Shukla
Sanskrit)
Harold Jan R. Terano
Prof. Dr. Alireza Heidari
Dr Sajid Mahmood
Full Professor And Academic Tenure, USA
Dr Pavan Mishra
Chief Editor
Editor
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Dr. Krishan Bir Singh
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Research Paper Reviewer Dr Ade Santosh Ramchandra
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Ashok Kumar Nagarajan
Advisory Board
Dr. Naveen Kumar
Manoj Singh Shekhawat
Pranit Maruti Patil
Vishnu Narayan Mishra

Research Paper - Hindi
euq 'kekZ ds ikSjkf.kd miU;klksa dk feFkdh; foospu
*MkW /kesZUnz dqekj flUgk

*Ph.D-Magadh University-Bodhgaya,Bihar, Hindi Deptt. D AV,-Devghar, Jharkhand
'kks/k lkjka'k
feFkd lEiw.kZ ekuo tkfr dk izkphure ,oa Js"Bre lkaLd`frd /kjksgj gSA fgUnh lkfgR; dk HkfDr dky]
uotkxj.k dky] iz;ksxokn vkSj ledkyhu dgkuh ;k dfork bl ckr dk izek.k gSA ;q)tfur foHkhf"kdk,¡ lnSo
ls euhf"k;ksa dks iz'ukdqy rFkk fpfUrr cukrh jgh gSA 20 oha 'krkCnh ds iwokZ)Z esa nks egk;q)ksa ls mRiUu
fouk'k&yhyk rFkk r`rh; egk;q) dh vklUu vk'kadk us lEiw.kZ fo'o ds nk'kZfudksa] lkfgR;dkjksa rFkk dykdkjksa
dk mn~nsfyr fd;k Fkk vkSj vc Hkh dj jgk gSA euq 'kekZ dh jpuk dh ewy izsj.kk ,oa dF; dk laca/k ;q)
ls gSA dFkkdkj us vius dF; dks vfHkO;Dr djus ds fy, egkHkkjr dh dFkk dks ek/;e ds :i esa Lohdkj
fd;k gSA Hk;] ?k`.kk] izfr'kks/k rFkk ccZjrk] fgalk vkfn vkfne o`fRr;k gS] ftudh vfHkO;fDr vkfne feFkdksa
ls gqbZ gSA 'kekZth us viuh jpuk esa ftl tfVy] foLr`r rFkk cgqvk;keh dF; dks pquk gS]mldks lEiwZ.krk
rFk xgjkbZ ls O;Dr djus ds fy, feFkd gh mi;qDr ek/;e fl) gk ldrs FksA oLrqr% tc fdlh jpukdkj
dk fpUru dYiuk,¡ ,oa feFkd dks lEiwZrk ls O;Dr djus esa vis{kkd`r vf/kd leFkZ gksrs gSaA feFkd mu Hkkoksa
,oa leL;kvksa dks u dsoy O;kkid vk;ke iznku djrs gSa] cfYd mUgsa ijEijk ls tksM+dj vf/kd xgjk] fo'oluh;
,oa izHkko'kkyh cukrs gSA Hkkjr esa Lora=rk&vkanksyu dky esa tkx`r jk"Vh;& psruk dk O;Dr djus ds fy,
rn~;qxhu jpukdkjksa us feFkd&dFkkvksa dk vf/kdkf/kd iz;ksx fd;k FkkA blh izdkj Lokra=;ksRRj Hkkjr esa
ewY;xr fo?kVu] rTtfur dqaBk] vukLFkk dh loZO;kih vuqHkwfr dks O;Dr djus esa feFkdks us viuh vfHkO;fDr
lkeF;Z dk ifjp; fn;k FkkA 'kekZth us d`".k dh vkRedFkk esa d`".k ds cgqvk;keh pfj= dks vkB [kaMksa es
lekfgr djus dk iz;kl fd;k gSA ;g ikSjkf.kd miU;kl ukjn dh Hkfo";ok.kh ls vkjaHk gksrh gS tks izy; uked
miU;kl esa tkdj lekIr gksrh gSA ukjn dh Hkfo";ok.kh oLrqr% ,d ;qx ds var dh Hkfo";ok.kh gSA d`".k dk
tUe egkHkkjr ;q) dh uhao gS] D;ksfd og iwjs ;q) ds dsUnz esa jgs gSaA
cht 'kCn
feFkd] cgqvk;keh pfj=] vk/kqfud laosnuk] izfr'kks/k vkSj ;q)] vfLerk] ukjh /keZ] ;q)tfur
fouk'k&yhyk] ekrk&firk] vkpk;Z] f'k"; ,oa fe= drZO;
izLrkouk
fgUnh esa izpfyr feFkd 'kCn *feFk^ dk i;kZ; gSA fd& feFkd ,d rjg dh dkO;kRed Hkk"kk gSA ;g ,d ek=
lkekU; O;ogkj dh Hkk"kk esa *feFk^ 'kCn dk vFkZ furkUr rFkk Hkk"kk gS ftlds fy, vkfnekuo leFkZ FkkA fodks dh bl /
dkYifud dFkkvkas ls le>k tkrk jgk gSA ;g 'kCn ewyr kkj.kk ds lekukUrj gh 18 oha ls 19 oha 'krkCnh esa Hkk"kk foKku]
*ekbFkkl^ tks fd xzhd Hkk"kk dk 'kCn gSA ftldk vFkZ gksrk u`rRo'kkL=] lekt 'kkL=] /keZ'kkL= rFkk euksfoKku ds
gS& eq[k ls mPpfjr ok.khA dkykkUrj esa bl 'kCn ds vFkZ fofHkUu fo)kuksa us Hkh vius v/;;u dk fo"k; cuk;k vkSj
esa ladksp gqvk vkSj fof'k"V vFkZ esa bldk lEcU/k nsorkvksa furkar dkYifud le>h tkus okyh bu dgkfu;ksa esa fof'k"V
dh dFkk ls gks x;kA feFkd mu dkYifud dFkk dk |ksrd ewY;oRrk dh [kkst dhA Kku ds fofHkUu fo)kuksa us ,d er
gks x;k] ftu ij ,sfrgkfld rFkk oSKkfud n`f"V ls fo'okl ls Lohdkj fd;k gS fd feFkd dk ltZd vkfne ekuo FkkA
ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA feFkd dk LokHkkfod rFkk fudV laca/k lkfgR; ls
vjjLrq us Hkh vius xzaFk dkO;'kkL= esa bldh ppkZ gSA feFkd RkFkk lkfgR; dk laca/k izkphu gSA osnksa] czkg~e.kxzUFkksa]
dh gSA mUgksaus feFkd dk vFkZ dFkkud] dFkkca/k rFkk xYidFkk mifu"knksa] iqjk.kksa rFkk egkHkkjr dh dFkk, lkfgR; dh
fn;k gSSA mls loZFkk rdZ ds foijhr /kehZ ekuk x;k gSSA mithO; gh ugha gS] oj.k~ Lo;a lkfgR; dk vax Hkh gSA feFkd
rkfdZdrk ds fo:) feFkd vk[;kukRed gSA feFkd dks lR; vk/kqfud ekuo ds fy, bZ'oj fojks/kh gks ldrs gaS ysfdu
ds utnhd ekuus okys fo}ku fodks Fk]s ftUgksaus loZizFke dgk vkfne ekuo ds fy, ;s dFkk, /kfeZd egRo dh FkhaA feFkd
,d ,slk i{k gS] tks nsorkvksa ds LoHkko] fo'o dh mRifRr] nk'kZfudksa] lkfgR;dkjksa rFkk dykdkjksa dk mn~nsfyr fd;k
ekuo&mRifRr vkfn xEHkhj rRoksa ij izdk'k Mkyrk gSA ;g Fkk vkSj vc Hkh dj jgk gSA euq 'kekZ dh jpuk dh ewy izsj.kk
nwljh ckr gS fd vfodflr lekt )kjk fufeZr nsorkvksa ,oa dF; dk laca/k ;q) ls gSA dFkkdkj us vius dF; dks
ij muds LoHkko dh izfr Nk;k jgrh gSA blds vfrfjDr vfHkO;Dr djus ds fy, egkHkkjr dh dFkk dks ek/;e ds
/keZ dk vFkZ ek= bruk gh ugha gS fd og lH; lqlaLd`r :i esa Lohdkj fd;k gSA Hk; ?k`.kk] izfr'kks/k rFkk ccZjrk] fgalk
mPp rkfdZd RkFkk vk/;kfRed Hkkoksa ls ;qDr gksrk gSA vkfn vkfne o`fRr;k gS] ftudh vfHkO;fDr vkfne feFkdksa
/keZ ,d fodklkRed rRo gS vksj vius fodklkRed ls gqbZ gSA
:i esa /keZ us Hkh ,d vkfne voLFkk dks ikj fd;k FkkA ,d 'kekZth us viuh jpuk esa ftl tfVy] foLr`r rFkk
loZ'kfDreku lRrk ds vfLrRo ds fcuk /keZ ds vfLrRo dks cgqvk;keh dF; dks pquk gS]mldks lEiwZ.krk rFk xgjkbZ ls
Lohdkj djuk dfBu gSA feFkdh; lR; vuq"Bkuksa ls xqFkk O;Dr djus ds fy, feFkd gh mi;qDr ek/;e fl) gk ldrs
gqvk gSA ,sfrgkfld lR; dk lEcU/k rF;ksa ls gksrk gSA rF;ksa FksA oLrqr% tc fdlh jpukdkj dk fpUru dYiuk,¡ ,oa
ds ladyu ds i'pkr~ mldh O;k[;k )kjk ,sfrgkfld lR; feFkd dks lEiwZrk ls O;Dr djus esa vis{kkd`r vf/kd leFkZ
dh izkfIr gksrh gS] tcfd bl izdkj ds foospu ls feFkd gksrs gSaA feFkd mu Hkkoksa ,oa leL;kvksa dks u dsoy O;kkid
dk vfLrRo gh foyhu gk tkrk gSA ;g feFkdksa dh vk;ke iznku djrs gSa] cfYd mUgsa ijEijk ls tksM+dj vf/
xfr'khyrk ,oa thoarrk dk izek.k gS fd lEiw.kZ Hkkjrh; kd xgjk] fo'oluh; ,oa izHkko'kkyh cukrs gSA Hkkjr esa
okaX;e; esa vR;ar izkphudky ls feFkd dFkkvksa dks vk/kkj Lora=rk&vkanksyu dky esa tkx`r jk"Vh;& psruk dk O;Dr
cuk dj lkfgR; jpuk dh foLr`r rFkk vfoPNUu ijEijk djus ds fy, rn~;qxhu jpukdkjksa us feFkd&dFkkvksa dk vf/
izkIr gksrh gSA kdkf/kd iz;ksx fd;k FkkA
oSKkfudrk rFkk ckSf)drk ls ifjiw.kZ vk/kqfud ;qx blh izdkj Lokra=;ksRRj Hkkjr esa ewY;xr fo?kVu]
esa Hkh vykSfddrk ls ;qDr ;s dFkk, vkSj ik= izklafxd gSA rTtfur dqaBk] vukLFkk dh loZO;kih vuqHkwfr dks O;Dr djus
vkbZ0 ,0 fjpM~Zl us Hkh dgk gS&feFkd ds fcuk euq"; esa feFkdks us viuh vfHkO;fDr lkeF;Z dk ifjp; fn;k FkkA
vkRekjfgr dwzj i'kq dh rjg gks tkrk gSA ;fn euq"; )kjk fu%lansg euq 'kekZ us vius dF; ds fy, mi;qDr ek/;e dk
vftZr bu feFkdh; ijaijkvksa dks ,dk,d lekIr dj fn;k p;u fd;k gSA euq 'kekZ us egkHkkjr dh dFkk ds ek/;e ls
tk, rc Hkh ekuo u;s&u;s feFkd x<+ ysxkA bl vFkZ ds rhu vk;ke izLrqr fd;s gSaA vfHkO;atuk ds Lrj ij
vifjgk;Zrk dk ewy dkj.k gS feFkd dk ekuoh; o`fRr;ksa ls mUgksaus izFke ,oa f)rh; fo'o ;q) ds i'pkr ds fouk'k ,oa
lac) gksukA lkfgR; ds {ks+= esa feFkdksa ds vorj.k dk ,d {k;ksUeq[kh laLd`fr dks viuh jpuk ds :i esa ns[kk gSA fdafpr
:i /kkfeZd vkLFkk ls mudk iz;ksxA fgUnh ds e/;;qxhu lhfer ifjn`'; esa 'kekZth us Lokra=;ksRrj Hkkjr esa mRiU
dkO; esa jke] d`".k] f'ko vkfn dh dFkk dk xzg.k blh izdkj ewY;ghurk] daqBk [kafMr vkLFkk ,oa eksgHkax dh fLFkfr;ksa dks
dk mnkgj.k gSA ;g dguk dnkfpr vR;qfDriw.kZ u gksxk egkHkkjr ;q) dh fLFkfr;ksa ds ek/;e ls vfHkO;Dr fd;k gSA
fd fdlh Hkh ns'k ,oa lekt dh lEiw.kZ psruk tc tkx`r d`".k dk cgqvk;keh pfj=
gksdj lkfgR; ds ek/;e ls vfHkO;Dr gksuk pkgrh gS] nwljs 'kekZth us d`".k dh vkRedFkk esa d`".k ds cgqvk;keh
'kCnksa esa dgk tk ldrk gS fd fdlh ns'k ;k dky dh lEiw.kZ pfj= dks vkB [kaMksa es lekfgr djus dk iz;kl fd;k gSA
psruk tc feFkdh; :i /kkj.k dj ysrh gS rc ;s izkphu ;g ikSjkf.kd miU;kl ukjn dh Hkfo";ok.kh ls vkjaHk gksrh
dFkk, gh mls vfHkO;fDr iznku djus esa leFkZ gksrh gSA gS tks izy; uked miU;kl esa tkdj lekIr gksrh gSA ukjn
feFkdksa dk {ks= mruk gha foLr`r gS] ftruk ekuo dk vUrj dh Hkfo";ok.kh oLrqr% ,d ;qx ds var dh Hkfo";ok.kh gSA
,oa okg~;&txrA d`".k dk tUe egkHkkjr ;q) dh uhao gS] D;ksfd ;gh iwjs ;q)
feFkd ds dsUnz esa jgs gSaA d`".k vius okLrfod Lo:i dks fn[kkrs
` feFkd lEiw.kZ ekuo tkfr dk izkphure ,oa gq, dgrs gS&**eq>s ns[kuk gks rks rwQku fla/kq dh mrky rjaxksa
Js"Bre lkaLd`frd /kjksgj gSA fgUnh lkfgR; dk HkfDr dky] esa ns[kksA fgeky; ds mrqax f'k[kj ij esjh 'khryrk dk
uotkxj.k dky] iz;ksxokn vkSj ledkyhu dgkuh ;k vuqHko djks lgL=ksa lw;ksZa dk leosr rki esjk gh rki gSA
dfork bl ckr dk izek.k gSA ;q)tfur foHkhf"kdk,¡ lnSo ,d lkFk lgL=ksa Tokykeqf[k;ksa dk foLQksV gSA f'ko dk rkaMo
ls euhf"k;ksa dks iz'ukdqy rFkk fpfUrr cukrh jgh gSA 20 eSa gw ] czg~ek.M eq>esa gSA esjs ixks dh xfr /kjrh dh xfr
oha 'krkCnh ds iwokZ)Z esa nks egk;q)ksa ls mRiUu fouk'k&yhyk gSA egkHkkjr esa d`".k gha vdsys O;fDr gSa tks ;q) Vkyus dk
rFkk r`rh; egk;q) dh vklUu vk'kadk us lEiw.kZ fo'o ds gj laHko iz;kl djrs jgsA mUgksaus Li"V 'kCnksa esa dgk&**fu;fr
us ges'kk eq> ij ;q) Fkksik] tUe ls ysdj var rdA tcfd izfrikfnr Hkh fd;k gSA **nqjfHklaf/k^^ [k.M esa fy[kk gS&**esjh
esjh ekufldrk lnk ;q) fojks/kh jghA ewyr% eSa ;q)oknh ugha vfLerk nkSM+rh jghA fu;fr dh m¡xyh idM+dj vkxs c<+rk
FkkA^^ 'kekZth dk vfHkizsr ;q) tfur dsoy okg~; va/kdkj x;k ml f{kfrt dh vksj] tgk¡ /kjrh vkSj vkdk'k feyrs gSaA
dks gha ugha] cfYd vanj ds va/kdkj dks Hkh idM+uk gSA ;q) fu;fr Hkh eq>s mlh vksj ladsr djrk jgk gSA eq>s vkt rd
dk o.kZu djuk ugha gS] oju~ ;q) dh izfrfdz;k rFkk ifj.kkeksa og LFkku ugha feyk vkSj 'kk;n ugha feysxkA fQj Hkh eSa
dks vafdr djuk gSA nkSM+rk jgw¡xk] D;ksasfd esjk ;g deZ gSA d`".k ds nks pfj= ns[kus
vk/kqfud laosnuk dks feyrs gSaA
'kekZth )kjk feFkd ds dFkkRed ?ksjs dks Hksndj igyk pfj= dwVuhfrK d`".k dk gS tgk¡ mUgsa
dFkk ds ewy esa vkfne Hkkoksa dks igqpkuk fu%lansg ;g dfBu vkykspuk >syuh iM+rh gSA ogha nwljk Lo:i nsoRo dh vkHkk
dk;Z Fkk] D;ksafd egkHkkjr ds feFkd vkfne ugha gSaA mlesa ls eafMr gSA ,slk djs dFkkdkj us jpukRed bZekunkjh dk
feFkd ds lkFk bfrgkl dk lfEeJ.k Hkh gks x;kA mUgksaus ifjp; fn;k gSA d`".k dk ;g nksgjk pfj= muds O;fDrRo
feFkd dh j{kk djrs gq, Hkh mls okg~; <kpsa ds :i esa Lohdkj dks izHkkeafMr djrh gSA d`".k n~okjk dkSjo i{k ls izkIr lEiw.kZ
fd;k gSA mlesa tks jax Hkjs gSa os vk/kqfud laosnukvksa ds gSaA dVwrk ,oa 'kki dk oj.k ,oa v'oRFkkek dh ihM+k dks /kkj.k
ekuk fd vrhr esjk csgn lq[ke; Fkk ij vrhr dh Le`fr;ksa djuk bZlkelhg dh rjg lwyh ij p<+us ;k f'ko ds fo"kiku
ls fpids jgus ls orZeku dks csgrj ugha ekuk tk ldrkA djus dh rjg d`".k dk O;fDrRo dks efgekeafMr gh djrk
orZeku pkgs ftruk Hkh [kjkc D;ksa u gks thuk rks gSA Hkkjrh; feFkd 'kkL= ds vuqlkj bZ'oj dh e`R;q ugha gksrhA
blh ds lkFk gSA ftruk ge ifjfLFkfr;ksa ls Hkkxsaxs mruk gha mldk vius fo'kq) :i esa izR;korZu gksrk gSA
gesa og ijs'kku djsxhA yk{kkx`g esa d`".k dgrs Hkh gSa**eSa fu;fr d`".k )kjk ckj&ckj e`R;q dh lRrk Lohdkj djuk
ds rst okgu ij lokj FkkA lc dqN eq>ls ihNs NqVrk tk ;g n'kkZrk gS fd 'kekZth vfLrRoknh fpUru ls cgqr gn rd
jgk FkkA o`Unkou vkSj eFkqjk] jk/kk vkSj d`".kk lc dqN ekxZ izHkkfor FksaA jk/kk ds dFku ds izfr d`".k dgrs gSa&** thou
ds o`{k dh rjg NwV x, FksA dsoy mudh Le`fr;k esajs eu dk vfLrRo dh dky ds xky esa gS] jk/kkA dc] dgk¡ vkSj
ls fyiVh jg xbZ FkhA dHkh&dHkh orZeku dh /kwy mUgsa ,slk fdls fuxy tk,xk] dkSu dg ldrk gSA^^ dgha ;g bZ'oj
?ksj ysrh gS fd mlls fudyuk eq'fdy gks tkrh gSA eSa vrhr dk ekuohdj.k rks ugha Fkk( e`R;q dh lR;rk ij eqgj! bZ'oj
ls dVk gqvk dsoy orZeku dk HkksDrk gw¡A dk ekuohdj.k ;k ekuo dk bZ'ojh;dj.k nksuksa esa i;kZIr
izfr'kks/k vkSj ;q) varj gSA
fu%lansg euq 'kekZ us vius dF; dh vfHkO;fDr ds vewfrZdj.k }kjk nSohdj.k feFkd dh ewyHkwr
fy, vR;Ur mi;qDr feFkdh; izlax dk p;u fd;k gSA fo'ks"krk gSA ,d loZ'kfDreku lRrk ds vfLrRo ds fcuk /
oS;fDrd lhekvksa esa c) vuqHko jfgr Kku] oS;fDrd keZ ds vfLrRo dks Lohdkj djuk dfBu gSA
vkLFkk,¡ vkSj izfr'kks/k tc fdlh egk;q) dk tUe nsrk gS] ukjh /keZ
rc ;q) vuhfr dh jaxHkwfe ij gksrk gSA egkHkkjr dk ;q) *nzkSinh dh vkRedFkk^ ds dFkkud dk foLrkjk
nzkSinh ds tUe ls ysdj egkHkkjr dh yM+kbZ ds lekfIr rd
lR; vkSj vlR; ds chp ugha cfYd vlR;&vlR; ds chp
gSA bl miU;kl esa dFkkdkj ;g fn[kkus dk iz;kl fd;k
dk ;q) FkkA vius vkidks lR;oknh dgus okys Hkh lR; iFk
gS fd nzkSinh dk tUe gha izfr'kks/k dh vfXu&f'k[kk esa gqvkA
ls fMx tkrs gSaA ;qf/kf"Bj ds n~okjk Hkh egkjFkh Ny ls ekjk
;gh dkj.k gS fd og vkthou izfr'kks/k dh vkx esa tyrh
tkrk gSA ;gk¡ ,d cgqr cM+k iz'u gS fd D;k v/keZ vkSj vuhfr
jghA oSj dh lekfIr dHkh Hkh oSj ls ugha dh tk ldrhA mls
ls yM+h xbZ yM+kbZ ls dSls /keZ vkSj uhfr dh LFkkiuk dh
rks flQZ izse ls gha lekIr fd;k tk ldrk gSA
tk ldrh gS\ /keZ] uhfr] e;kZnk ;g lc rks vkMacj ek=
gSaA lp rks ;g gS fd ;q) esa dsoy flf) ns[kh tkrh gS] bl miU;kl esa nzkSinh dk pfj= u rks ikaMo iRuh
dh gS u gha d`".k l[kk d`".kk dk ghaA og vk/kqfud ukjh dk
lk/ku pkgs dqN Hkh gksA d`".k dgrs gSa fd tc okLrfodrk
izrhd gS tks var}ZU} vkSj la?k"kZ lesVs gq, gSA og ifr dks
ij peRdkjksa dk dqgklk Nk tkrk gS rc eq>esa bZ'ojRo dk
ijes'oj ekurh gSA tc /k`rjk"V nzkSinh dks ek¡xus ds fy,
vuqeku djus yxrs gSaA eSa Hkh vius esa bZ'ojRo dh ryk'k
esa yx tkrk gw¡A dgk rks og Li"V 'kCnksa esa dgrh gS&**yksHk ls /keZ dk uk'k
vfLerk gksrk gSA esjs ifr xrZ esa fxjdj fdlh izdkj fudys gSaA ;fn
'kekZth deZ Qy dks Lohdkj djrs gSa ftls muds deZ ifo= gksxsa rks mugsa cgqr dqN izkIr gks tk,xkA
vkt ,dkdh ifjokj esa vk jgs njkj vkSj mij dh iafDr;ksa

ds chp fojks/kkokl dks le>k tk ldrk gSA L=h /keZ dh fu%lansg feFkd ,oa ;qxhu lR; nksuksa ds izfr bruh xgjh
ijkdk"Bk nzkSinh ds pfj= esa fn[kkbZ iM+rh gSA ;q) ds eSanku lalfDr fdlh vU; vk/kqfud feFkd jpuk esa ugha gSA ckSf)d
esa ukfj;ksa dks tkuk oftZr gS ij ifr dh thou j{kk ds fy, oxZ vkt fdl dnj ewd n'kZd cuk gqvk gS og v'oRFkkek
nzkSinh lkjs otZukvksa dks rksM+ Mkyrh gS vkSj f'kfoj tkdj ds }kjk firk dks dgs bl dFku ls irk pyrk gS&**vkidks
firkeg ls vk'khoknZ ysrh gSA bl >xM+sa esa iM+us ls D;k feysxk\^^ iq= ds bl dFku ij
;q)tfur fouk'k&yhyk nzks.k dk pqi gksuk vk/kqfud lanHkZ esa cqf)thoh oxZ ds pqIih
egkHkkjr ;q)] mlds dkj.k mRiUu fLFkfr;ksa rFkk gksus dk i;kZ; gSA fdlh Hkh jk"V ds fuekZ.k esa bl oxZ dk
ik=ksa dh uohu rdZ ds vkyksd esa iquO;kZ[;k dh gSA *nzks.k egRoiw.kZ ;ksxnku gksrk gSA ;fn ogh d`rnkl gks tk, rks
ds vkRedFkk^ ds ek/;e ls dFkkdkj us cqf)thoh oxZ ds ml ns'k dh fn'kk o n'kk D;k gksxh\
vkRela?k"kZ dks mHkkjk gS tks mlds varLoy esa foIyo dh Hkk¡fr fu"d"kZ
mFky&iqFky epkrs gSaA miU;kl ds vkjaHk esa gha nzks.k us Lo;a mi;qZDr foospu ls ;g Li"V gksrk gS fd dFkkdkj
dgk gS&**vkf[kj eSa viuh thou xkFkk dgk¡ ls vkjaHk d:¡\ euq 'kekZ us ikSjkf.kd miU;klksa ds ek/;e ls vrhr dh ijaijk
D;k ;g dgw¡ fd lRrj ikj dj pqdk gw¡A^^ dks orZeku ifjizs{; esa tksM+us dk iz;kl fd;k gSA ikSjkf.kd
;g lR; gS fd nzks.k dk cpiu ukuk izdkj ds dFkk dks vk/kqfud lkfgR; esa vorfjr djrs le; jpukdkj
vHkkoksa esa chrk fdUrq blls muds d`R;ksa dks lgh ugha Bgjk;k dks dFkk&ifjorZu fd;s oxSj viuh l`tukRed dYiuk }kjk
tk ldrkA tks f'k{kk dHkh xq:dqy ds [kqys izkax.k esa nh tkrh feFkdksa esa fufgr vFkZ dh vusdeq[kh lEHkkoukvksa dks mn~?kkfVr
Fkh og jktegy ds pkjnhokjh esa dSn gksdj jg xbZA gn fd;k gSA
rks rc gks xbZ tc ,dyO; f'k{kk ysus vk;k rks mls fuEu ekuorkoknh n`f"Vdks.k izkphu ewY;ksa dks rdZ dh
tkfr ds gksus ds dkj.k vkpk;Z nzks.k mls okil dj fn;kA dlkSVh ij ijh{k.k djds gha Lohdkj fd;k gSA nsoh nsorkvksa
ogh vkpk;Z tc ,d fnu vius f'k";ksa ds lkFk f'kdkj djus dh egkurk ,oa egkui d`R;ksa ds lEeq[k iz'ufpg~u yxk;k
x, lkFk esa ;qf/kf"Bj dk dqRrk Hkh Fkk og HkkSadrk gqvk vkxs tkrk gS y?kq ls y?kq ik=ksa ds vUnj egkurk dk la/kku fd;k
fudy x;k vkSj vpkud mldh vkokt Hkh cUn gks xbZ rc x;k gSA iquO;kZ[;k] iujUoz"k.k ,o iqujZpuk ds bl fodflr
og fofLer gksdj ogk¡ igq¡ps rks ns[kk fd dqRrs dk eq¡g ok.kkas dze esa feFkdh; ?kVuk,¡ ,oa ik= uohu :i /kkj.k djrs jgs
ls os/kk Fkk] fQj Hkh og LoLFk gSA ;g foy{k.k n`'; ns[kdj gSaA
vkpk;Z dk vgadkj pwj&pwj gks x;k fd muls vPNk vkpk;Z ;gh dkj.k gS fd feFkdksa dh thoarrk] xfr'khyrk
vkSj vtqZu ls c<+dj /kuq/kZj dksbZ gks gha ugha ldrkA dqN ,oa vfHkO;fDr dFkkdkj ds lkeF;Z dk lcls cM+k izek.k gSA
le; ckn ;g irk pyk fd og vkSj dksbZ ugha ,dyO; gSA +
vkpk;Z dks mldh ohjrk lgu ugha gqbZ vkSj xq: nf{k.kk
Lo:i ,dyO; dk vxw¡Bk gha ek¡x fy;kA
ekrk&firk] vkpk;Z] f'k"; ,oa fe= Hkwfedk lUnHkZ xzaFk lwph
*d.kZ dh vkRedFkk* ds ek/;e ls dFkkdkj d.kZ ds 1 laLd`fr ds pkj v/;k;&jke/kkjh flag *fnudj^
pfj= rr~dkyhu lkekftd ifjfLFkfr;ksa dks mn~?kkfVr dj 2 fopkj vkSj fordZ& gtkjh izlkn f}osnh] lkfgR; Hkou
orZeku lkekftd ifjn`'; dh vksj ladsr djus dk iz;kl 3 Hkkjrh; laLd`fr ds Loj&egknsoh oekZ] jktiky ,.M lUl
fd;k gSA tkfr ,oa fyax&Hksn]ds dkj.k fnu&izfrfnu 4 Hkkjrh; n'kZu& jk/kkd`".k jktiky ,.M lUl
lkektkftd fo?kVu gks jgh gSA d.kZ ds ek/;e ls dqUrh] 5 jkepfjrekul& xksLokeh rqylhnkl] xhrkizsl
nq;ksZ/ku] bUnz] lw;Z] ij'kqjke vkfn ds pfj= dks Hkh mn~?kkfVr 6 gekjh thoar laLd`fr&f'konRr Kkuh] jktdey izdk'ku]
djus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gSA fnYyh
;s lHkh egt ikSjkf.kd ik= ugha gSa] cfYd vk/kqfud 7 feFk ,.M fj,YVh&,e0 bfy;M
ekrk&firk] xq:] f'k";] fe= dk Hkh izfrfuf/kRo djrs gSaA 8 d`".k dh vkRedFkk vkB [kaM &euq 'kekZ] izHkkr izdk'ku]
orZeku le; esa ikfjokfjd laca/kksa esa fxjkoV dks miU;kl fnYyh
esa v{kj'k% vfHkO;Dr fd;k x;k gSA egkHkkjr ;q) dks 9 nzkSinh dh vkRedFkk&euq 'kekZ] izHkkr izdk'ku] fnYyh
vfuok;Z tku dqUrh vkSj bUnz vius LokFkZiwfrZ ds fy, d.kZ 10 d.kZ dh vkRedFkk&euq 'kekZ] izHkkr izdk'ku] fnYyh
ds ikl tkrh gS ijUrq mls [kkyh gkFk ykSVuk iM+rk gSA 11 xka/kkjh dh vkRedFkk&euq 'kekZ] izHkkr izdk'ku] fnYyh
12 nzks.k dh vkRedFkk&euq 'kekZ] izHkkr izdk'ku] fnYyh


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International Double Blind Peer Peviewed,Refereed,Indexed Research Journal,ISSN(Print)-0974-2832,E-ISSN-2320-5474,RNI-RAJBIL-2009/29954,Impact Factor-5.

SEPT, 2020 IMPACT FACTOR 5.901 (SJIF)

ISSN 0974-2832 (Print), E-ISSN- 2320-5474,RNI RAJBIL 2009/29954

Dr. Krishan Bir Singh

Contact - 094 139 70 222

eq [ ; l Ei knd & MkW - d`". kchj fl a g dk ekun i n , oadk; Zi w . kZ

2 SHODH SAMIKSHA AUR MULYANKAN

SHODH SAMIKSHA AUR MULYANKAN 3

Dr. Dnyaneshwar Jadhav Sandeep Kataria

Dr. Ankush Gautam Dr. Priti Bala Sharma

Dr. Rajeev Nayan Singh

SHODH SAMIKSHA AUR MULYANKAN 5

euq 'kekZ ds ikSjkf.kd miU;klksa dk feFkdh; foospu

*MkW /kesZUnz dqekj flUgk

SHODH SAMIKSHA AUR MULYANKAN 27

28 SHODH SAMIKSHA AUR MULYANKAN

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