AP30014 Assignment 1 2016

1.6

Solution:

a).
𝑥
𝑁𝑑 (𝑥)=1016 + (1017 − 1016 )
𝐿
L = 12cm

𝑁𝑑 (𝑥 = 3𝑐𝑚)=3.25×1016 (cm−3 )

𝑁𝑑 (𝑥 = 6𝑐𝑚)=5.5×1016 (cm−3 )

𝑁𝑑 (𝑥 = 9𝑐𝑚)=7.75×1016 (cm−3 )

b).

𝑑𝑛(𝑥)
𝐽𝑛 (𝑥)𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑡+𝑑𝑖𝑓𝑓𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 =𝑞𝜇𝑛 𝑛(𝑥)ε(𝑥) + 𝑞𝐷𝑛 =0
𝑑𝑥
𝑘𝑇
𝐷𝑛 = 𝜇 = 0.026×1350=35.1
𝑞 𝑛
𝐷𝑛 1 𝑑𝑛(𝑥) 𝑘𝑇 1 𝑑𝑛(𝑥)
∴ ε(𝑥) = − =−
𝜇𝑛 𝑛(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 𝑞 𝑛(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥
𝑘𝑇 1 9×1016
=−
𝑞 𝑁𝑑 (𝑥) 𝐿
For x=3cm

ε(𝑥) = -6×10−3 (𝑉/𝑐𝑚)

For x=6cm

ε(𝑥) = -3.55×10−3 (𝑉/𝑐𝑚)

For x=9cm

ε(𝑥) = -2.52×10−3 (𝑉/𝑐𝑚)

c).

𝑘𝑇 1 𝑑𝑛(𝑥)
𝐽𝑛−𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑡 (𝑥)=𝑞𝜇𝑛 𝑛(𝑥)ε(𝑥) = −𝑞𝜇𝑛 𝑛(𝑥)
𝑞 𝑛(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

9×1016
= 𝜇𝑛 𝑘𝑇
𝐿

−19
9×1016
= 1350 × 0.026 ∗ 1.6 × 10 ×
12
= 4.2 × 10−2 (𝐴/𝑐𝑚2 )

𝐼𝑛−𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑡 (𝑥)=𝐽𝑛−𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑡 (𝑥)𝐴 = 4.2 × 10−2 × 0.1 × 0.5

= 2.1 × 10−3 (𝐴)

𝐼𝑛−𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑡 (𝑥 = 3𝑐𝑚)=𝐼𝑛−𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑡 (𝑥 = 6𝑐𝑚) = 𝐼𝑛−𝑑𝑟𝑖𝑓𝑡 (𝑥 = 9𝑐𝑚)

= 2.1 × 10−3 (𝐴)

d).

Drift current is constant, pointing to the left direction.

e).

𝑛𝑖2
𝑝0 =
𝑁𝑑 (𝑥)
𝑁𝑣
𝐸𝑓 − 𝐸𝑣 = 𝑘𝑇𝑙𝑛
𝑝0
For x=3cm

1.5 × 1010
𝑝0 = = 6.923 × 103 𝑐𝑚−3
3.25×1016
1.06 × 1019
𝐸𝑓 − 𝐸𝑣 = 0.026 × 𝑙𝑛 = 0.91(𝑒𝑉)
6.923 × 103
For x=6cm

1.5 × 1010
𝑝0 = 16
= 4.09 × 103 𝑐𝑚−3
5.5×10
1.06 × 1019
𝐸𝑓 − 𝐸𝑣 = 0.026 × 𝑙𝑛 = 0.923(𝑒𝑉)
4.09 × 103
For x=9cm

1.5 × 1010
𝑝0 = 16
= 2.9 × 103 𝑐𝑚−3
7.75×10
1.06 × 1019
𝐸𝑓 − 𝐸𝑣 = 0.026 × ln = 0.932(𝑒𝑉)
2.9 × 103
f).
1.8

Solution:

a) τ=210-6 s

p=n=Gop τ

=1021210-6

=21015 cm-3s-1

The separation of qusi-Fermi levels:

Fn-Fp=k T ln (pn/n2)

=0.026ln[(21015)2/(1.51010)2]

=0.614 (eV)

b) J=q μn n V/d+ q μp p V/d=q(μn n+μp p) V/d

I =J A=q(μn n+μp p)Vt

=1.610-19(135021015+48021015)101.810-2

=0.105 (A)

c) For longer recombination time, electron and hole density will be

higher.

Transit time:

t=d/μ=d2/μV=50/(135010)
 =3.710-3 (s)

G=τ/t=10

τ=10t=3.710-2 (s)

(Consider both the electron and the hole transit time,

th = d2/μV=50/(48010)=10.410-3 (s)

G =Ge + Gh =10

τ(1/te +1/th )=10

τ=10/(1/3.710-3 + 1/10.410-3 )

τ=2.7×10-2 (s)

1.10

Solution:

Under light illumination:

Fn-Fp=0.419 eV

Fn-Fp=kT ln (np/ni2)

np=ni2 exp [(Fn-Fp)/kT]

=(1.51010)2exp(0.419/0.026)

=2.241027=(ND+p) p

p1.91013

p=Gep τp

Assuming τp=210-6 s
Gop=p/τp

=1.91013/210-60.951019

=9.51018 (cm-3 s-1)

1.20 *

Solution:

𝐷𝑛 −𝑥
𝐽𝑛 (𝑥)=𝑞 ∆𝑛𝑒𝑥𝑝 ( )
𝐿𝑛 𝐿𝑛

For x=0, assume

𝐷𝑛
𝐽𝑛 (0)=𝑞 ∆𝑛 = 𝐺𝑜𝑝 ∙ 𝑞 = 3.2 A/cm2 (Assume all the surface
𝐿𝑛

generation charge contribute to current)

𝐿𝑛 √𝐷𝑛 𝜏𝑛 𝜏𝑛 2×10−6
∴ ∆𝑛 = 𝐺𝑜𝑝 = 𝐺𝑜𝑝 = √ 𝐺𝑜𝑝 = √ 𝑘𝑇 𝐺𝑜𝑝 = 2.39 ×
𝐷𝑛 𝐷𝑛 𝐷𝑛 𝜇
𝑞 𝑒

10−4 × 2 × 1019 = 4.78 × 1015 (cm-3)

1.23

Solution:

Without illumination:

𝑁𝑐 2.84 × 1019
𝐸𝑐 − 𝐸𝑓 = 𝑘𝑇 ln = 0.026 × ln = 0.26661 (𝑒𝑉)
𝑛0 1 × 1015

Under light illumination;

 𝑁𝑐 𝑁𝑐
𝐸𝑐 − 𝐹𝑛 = 𝑘𝑇 ln = 𝑘𝑇 ln
𝑛 𝑛𝑜 + 𝐺𝜏
2.84 × 1019
= 0.026 × ln
1 × 1015 + (1 × 1018 ) × (2 × 10−6 )

= 0.26656 (𝑒𝑉)

∴ 𝐹𝑛 − 𝐸𝑓 = 0.26661 − 0.26655 = 5.194 × 10−5 (𝑒𝑉)