2019 Sec 4 Pure Physics SA2 Tanjong Katong Girls

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TANJONG KATONG GIRLS’ SCHOOL
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2019
SECONDARY FOUR
6091/01 PHYSICS
Paper 1 Multiple Choice
WEDNESDAY 4 SEP 2019 1 hour
Additional materials: OMR answer sheet
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Do not open this booklet until you are told to do so.
Write your name, class and index number on the OMR Answer Sheet.
There are forty questions in this paper. Answer all questions. For each question, there are
four possible answers, A, B, C and D.
Choose the one you consider correct and record your choice in soft pencil on the OMR
Answer Sheet.
Take gravitational field strength to be 10 N/kg unless stated otherwise in the question.
Read the instructions on the OMR Answer Sheet very carefully.
At the end of the examination, hand in the OMR Answer Sheet.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES
Each correct answer will score one mark. A mark will not be deducted for a wrong answer.
Any rough working should be done in this booklet.
This question paper consists of 17 printed pages including this cover page.
Answer ALL the questions in this paper on the OMR sheet provided.
1 Which of the following is a good estimate for the thickness of a fingernail?
A 1 dm B 1 cm C 1 mm D 1 μm
2 A student intends to determine the volume of a copper pipe which spans several
metres long. The pipe has a uniform cross-sectional area. The external diameter of
the copper pipe is estimated to be 5 cm.
Which pair of instruments will allow him to measure the necessary dimensions
accurately?
A vernier calipers and tape

B micrometre screw gauge and tape
C vernier calipers and rule
D micrometre screw gauge and vernier calipers
3 Three forces 3 N, 4 N and 8 N act on an object. Which of the following cannot be the
resultant force acting on the object?
A 0N B 1N C 8N D 14 N
4 A racing car is fitted with an on-board computer which can record the distance
travelled by the car for every one second. The computer starts recording when the car
passes the starting line and moves along a straight line.
Which set of data shows that the car is accelerating during the next 2 seconds?
A Time / s Distance / m B Time / s Distance / m

0 0 0 0
1 100 1 90
2 200 2 180
C Time / s Distance / m D Time / s Distance / m

0 0 0 0
1 100 1 80
2 180 2 190
Tanjong Katong Girls’ School 2 Sec 4 Preliminary Examination 2019

5 The diagram shows a person using a rope to pull a block on a rough surface to the
right. The block moves at a constant speed.
Which pair of forces is a pair of action and reaction force?
A Frictional force acting on the block by the ground and the pulling force on the
block
B The pulling force on the block and the tension force experienced by the rope
C The weight of the block and the normal reaction force acting on the block by the
ground
D The frictional force acting on the person by the ground and the frictional force
acting on the block by the ground
6 The diagram shows the velocity-time graph of a car. The total resistive force acting on
the car is 1000 N. The mass of the car is 1000 kg.
What is the resultant force acting on the car at t = 4.0 s?
A 0N B 4000 N C 5000 N D 6000 N
7 An astronaut lands on a planet where the acceleration of free-fall at its surface is

greater than that on Earth. Which of the following will be the same as that on Earth?
A The weight of the astronaut

B The period of oscillation of a simple pendulum
C The height reached by the astronaut when he jumps with the same initial velocity
D The acceleration of a block when being pushed horizontally by the same force on
a smooth surface

8 A circular object P is lowered into a cylinder which contains 3 different layers of
immiscible liquids. The diagram shows the position of object P in the cylinder.
liquid Q
liquid R
object P
liquid S
Which of the following correctly shows the densities of the substances arranged in
increasing order?
A liquid Q, object P, liquid R, liquid S

B liquid Q, liquid R, object P, liquid S
C liquid S , liquid R, object P, liquid Q
D liquid S, object P, liquid R, liquid Q
9 The diagram shows a stationary uniform

ladder leaning against a smooth wall and
making an angle of 30o with the ground force, F
at point X.
The wall exerts a horizontal force F on

the ladder. The weight of the ladder is point X
500 N.
What is the magnitude of the force F?
A 144 N B 250 N C 433 N D 500 N
10 The diagram shows a bottle being filled up with water. water

What happens to the stability and the centre of the gravity of the
bottle (with water) as the bottle is filled with water?
Stability Centre of Gravity

A become less stable centre of gravity is raised
B become less stable centre of gravity is lowered
C become more stable centre of gravity is raised
D become more stable centre of gravity is lowered

11 The diagram shows a pin being squeezed between a finger and the thumb.
Which statement is correct?
A The force of the pin is larger on the finger than on the thumb.
B The force of the pin is larger on the thumb than on the finger.
C The pressure of the pin is larger on the finger than on the thumb.
D The pressure of the pin is larger on the thumb than on the finger.
12 The diagram shows the levels X and Y in a liquid manometer with the gas tap open.
The gas supply is now replaced by a new gas supply which has a pressure that is 2 cm
of the liquid above the previous gas supply.
What will be the new difference in height between level X and Y?
A 16 cm B 18 cm C 20 cm D 22 cm

13 The diagram shows a marshmallow placed inside a bell jar with the tap closed.
bell jar
marshmallow
tape
tube
The pressure of the gas in the bell jar is half of the atmospheric pressure.
The tap is then opened and the air from the surrounding rushes in through the tube.
What happens to the size of the marshmallow and the gas pressure in the
marshmallow?
Size of marshmallow Gas pressure in marshmallow

A decreases increases
B decreases decreases
C increases increases
D increases decreases
14 To calibrate a liquid-in-glass thermometer without using another thermometer, fixed

point(s) will be required.
Which statement is correct?
A Only one fixed point is required.

B Both a lower fixed point and an upper fixed point are required.
C Any temperature above the melting point of liquid can be used as fixed points.
D The melting point and boiling point of the liquid in the thermometer are always the
fixed points.
15 A resistance thermometer has a resistance value of 20 Ω and 80 Ω when the

temperature is 10 oC and 90 oC respectively. What will be the expected temperature if
the resistance of the thermometer is 100 Ω?
A 90 oC B 107 oC C 117 oC D 133 oC

16 The diagram shows a thermocouple connected to a galvanometer. Two ends of the
wires are placed in junction P and Q respectively.
G
wire 1 wire 2
wire 3
P Q
However, the galvanometer does not show any deflection.
Which of the following is not a possible reason for the observation?
A Wire 1 and wire 2 are made of the same material.

B Wire 1 and wire 3 are made of the same material.
C Both junctions P and Q have same temperature.
D The galvanometer is not sensitive enough to detect the current.
17 The diagram shows a metal spoon in a cup of hot water.
metal spoon
a cup of hot water
Why does the top end of the metal spoon becomes hot after a while?
A Heat transfers from the hot water to the top of metal spoon by radiation.
B Heat transfers from the hot water to the top of metal spoon by convection.
C Heat transfers from the surrounding air to the top of metal spoon by conduction.
D Heat transfers from the hot water to the top of metal spoon by conduction.

18 A solid object with a mass of 5.0 kg is heated from 30 oC to 40 oC. The heat capacity
of the object is 500 J K-1. Which expression gives the amount of thermal energy
required to raise the temperature of this object?
A 500 x 10
B 5.0 x 500 x 10
C 500 x (273 + 10)
D 5.0 x 500 x (273 + 10)
19 The diagram shows the change of state of matter for 1 kg of steam into ice.
steam water water ice ice
A B C D
100 oC 100 oC 0 oC 0 oC -10 oC
Which stage A, B, C or D involves the specific latent heat of vaporisation?
20 A student is investigating the rate of evaporation of water.
The student can change the following:
1. the depth of the water;
2. the atmospheric pressure;
3. the temperature of the water.
How many of these changes, if any, would alter the rate at which evaporation occurs?
A 0 B 1 C 2 D 3

21 The graph shows how the height of a water surface at a point in a harbour varies with
time as waves pass the point.
Height
Time
What are p and q?
p q
A displacement period
B displacement wavelength
C amplitude period
D amplitude wavelength
22 A ripple tank is used to demonstrate refraction of plane water waves.
region X region Y
direction of
wave travel
boundary
Which statement is true?
A Region X is deeper than region Y and the direction of wave travel bends towards
the normal at the boundary.
B Region X is deeper than region Y and the direction of wave travel bends away
from the normal at the boundary.
C Region X is shallower than region Y and the direction of wave travel bends
towards the normal at the boundary.
D Region X is shallower than region Y and the direction of wave travel bends away
from the normal at the boundary.

23 The diagram represents circular wavefronts coming from point S. The wavefronts are
about to strike a solid boundary.
Which diagram correctly shows the reflected wavefronts?
A B
C D
24 Which line shows the path of light ray after it passes through the glass block?
light ray C
B
glass block
A

25 Which coloured light, red or violet, has a higher frequency and which one has a longer
wavelength?
Higher frequency Longer wavelength

A violet violet
B violet red
C red violet
D red red
26 The diagram shows a contactless payment system which involves the consumers
tapping their credit cards or debit cards on the card reader to make their payment. In
the process, a particular electromagnetic wave will be sent between the card and the
card reader.
What is likely to be this electromagnetic wave?
A Radio wave
B Ultrasound
C Ultra-violet radiation
D X-ray
27 A person strikes a tuning fork near a wall.
What will happen to the frequency and speed of the sound as it travels from air and
through the wall?
Frequency Speed of Sound

A increases increases
B decreases decreases
C unchanged decreases
D unchanged increases

28 The diagram shows an engineer standing at P overlooking an explosion at X.
30 m 30 m
40 m 40 m
After the explosion, she hears two bangs. The speed of sound in the air is 300 m s-1.
What is the time lapse between the two bangs?
A 0.12 s B 0.17 s C 0.25 s D 0.34 s
29 The diagram shows a negatively charged object subjected to a constant pulling force
and is moving to the right on a rough insulated surface at a uniform speed before
entering a uniform electric field. The electric force exerted on the charged object due
to the electric field is greater than the weight of the charged object.
object electric field

force
–
rough insulated surface
Which statement describes the motion of the charge in the electric field?
A The object will decelerate along the rough surface.

B The object will accelerate along the rough surface.
C The object will move along a curved path towards the top of paper.
D The object will move in the direction that is perpendicular to the plane of this
paper.

30 The diagram shows a positively charged acetate strip and a negatively charged
polythene strip that are freely suspended.
When an object is brought either to the acetate strip or polythene strip, the strip moves
towards the object.
What is the state of charge of the object?
A Neutrally charged
B Positively charged
C Negatively charged
D Cannot be determined
31 The diagram shows an electroshock gun that law enforcement officers use to
immobilise a person. The gun delivers electric current to a person and disrupts
voluntary control of muscles in the person.
During a single activation that last for 5.0 s, the electroshock gun can deliver a charge
of 100 mC with an average voltage of 350 V to the person.
What is the electrical energy transferred to the person?
A 7J B 35 J C 7000 J D 35 000 J

32 A cell of e.m.f. 2.0 V is connected to a network of resistors shown.
What is the potential difference across P and Q?
A 0.2 V B 0.5 V C 0.8 V D 1.0 V
33 The diagram shows a 6.0 V battery connected to a transducer and a fixed resistor.
The following information is provided:
Transducer Range of Resistance / Ω

Light dependent resistor 4.0 to 10.0
Thermistor 3.0 to 7.0
What is the reading of the ammeter when the transducer is exposed to high
temperature?
A 0.50 A B 0.67 A C 1.0 A D 1.2 A

34 What will happen to a bar magnet if it is dropped too often?
A The poles of the magnet will switch position.

B Both ends of the magnet will have the same pole.
C The strength of the magnet will increase.
D The strength of the magnet will decrease.
35 A positive charge is moving into the plane of this paper.
Which diagram shows the magnetic field produced by the positive charge when viewed
from the top of this paper?
A B
C D
36 What is the purpose of the split-ring commutator in a motor?
A To ensure that the current produced is a direct current.

B To ensure that the current produced is an alternating current.
C To ensure that the forces acting on the coil will always rotate the coil in the same
direction.
D To ensure that there is continuous electrical contact between the coil and the
external circuit at all times.

37 Two circuits are set up as shown. The iron rods are placed close together, and are free
to move.
What happens to the size of the gap at X when switch S is closed?
A It decreases.
B It decreases and then increases.
C It increases.
D It does not change.
38 The North pole of a bar magnet is pushed into a solenoid via end X, as shown in the
diagram. An electromotive force is induced which moves the galvanometer needle to
the left.
Which action, using the same end of the solenoid, would produce the same deflection
in the galvanometer?
A Pulling a North pole out of the solenoid via end X

B Pushing a South pole out of the solenoid via end X
C Pulling the solenoid away from a North pole
D Pulling the solenoid away from a South pole

39 An a.c generator is able to produce a peak voltage of V when the coil is rotated with a
frequency of F.
What will be the new peak voltage if the number of turns of the coil is now three times
as before and the coil is rotated with a frequency of 2F?
A 3V B 5V C 6V D 8V
40 A transformer has 50 turns on its primary coil and 100 turns on its secondary coil. An
alternating voltage of 25.0 V is connected across the primary coil.
What is the voltage across the secondary coil?
A 12.5 V B 50 V C 175 V D 200 V
END OF PAPER

Class Register No.
Candidate Name ………………………………………………..
TANJONG KATONG GIRLS’ SCHOOL

PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION 2019
SECONDARY FOUR
6091/02 PHYSICS
Paper 2
MONDAY 2 SEP 2019 1 hour 45 minutes

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Do not open this booklet until you are told to do so.
Write your name, class and register number in the spaces at the top of this page and on any separate
answer paper used.
Write in dark blue or black pen.

You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams or graphs.
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.
Take gravitational field strength to be 10 N/kg, unless specified in the question.
Section A
Answer all questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided on the Question Paper.
Section B
Answer all questions. Question 11 has a choice of parts to answer.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.
Candidates are reminded that all quantitative answers should include appropriate units.
Candidates are advised to show all their working in a clear and orderly manner, as more marks are
awarded for sound use of physics than for correct answers.
The use of an approved scientific calculator is expected, where appropriate.
For Examiner’s Use

Section A
Section B
Setter : Mr Koh Meng Hong Total / 80
This question paper consists of 22 printed pages including this cover page.
SECTION A [50 marks]
Answer ALL questions from this section.
1 Fig 1.1 shows a hot-air balloon rising with a constant velocity of 15 m s-1. A sandbag For
was dropped by the pilot at time t = 0 s. Air resistance acting on the sandbag is Examiner’s
Use
considered to be negligible.
hot air balloon
Fig 1.1
(a) A person at ground level observed that the sandbag was moving up with an
initial velocity of 15 m s-1 at the time of drop. Explain this observation.
…………………………………………………………………………………….......
……………………………………………………………………………………...[1]
(b) Sketch the velocity-time graph of the sandbag for the first 3.0 s. [2]
velocity / m s-1
time / s
0
(c) Calculate the distance travelled by the sandbag between time t = 0 s and when
it reaches its highest point.
Distance travelled = ……………[1]
(d) Determine the distance between the sandbag and the hot air balloon at time
t = 3.0 s. Show your workings clearly.
Distance = ……………[2]

2 Fig 2.1 shows a side view of a windmill. For
Examiner’s
Use
windmill
tower
wind force
steel cable
connected to
another structure
a
30.0 m
frictional force acting 20.0 m

on tower by the ground
ground
Fig 2.1
The windmill stands on a tower whose base is anchored into the ground. The centre
of the windmill is 30.0 m from the ground. The tower is held in place and connected
to another structure (not shown in the diagram) via a horizontal steel cable. The
steel cable is 20.0 m from the ground. The position of the combined centre of mass
of the tower and the windmill is within the tower.
(a) State the principle of moments.
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................[1]
(b) It can be modelled that the wind force acts through the centre of the windmill.
When a wind force of 2000 N is acting horizontally on the windmill, the windmill
and the tower remains in equilibrium.
Calculate the magnitude of the frictional force acting on the tower by the
ground.
Magnitude of frictional force = ……………[2]

(c) The combined weight of the tower and the windmill is 5000 N. The frictional For
force acting on the tower by the ground is 3000 N. Using a scaled diagram, Examiner’s
Use
determine the magnitude and the direction of resultant force acting on the
tower by the ground.
Magnitude = ……………
Direction = …………………………
[3]

3 In the movie Spiderman, Spiderman attempted to use two flexible flag poles to shoot For
himself into the sky as if like a catapult. Fig 3.1 shows the set-up which Spiderman Examiner’s
Use
attaches his web to the top of the flag poles. He then moves backwards to his final
position (as shown in Fig 3.2) just before shooting up into the sky.
Fig 3.1 Fig 3.2
(a) Describe the energy changes that have occurred when Spiderman moves
backward from his original to his final position as shown in Fig 3.1 and Fig 3.2
respectively. Assume the web is not stretchable.
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................[3]
(b) The mass of Spiderman is 65.0 kg. When he released his foot grip from the
ground, he shot up to the sky with an initial speed of 40.0 m s-1. When he is
at his highest point, he had a speed of 15.0 m s-1. The work done against air
resistance during this journey is 5000 J.
(i) Determine the loss in kinetic energy from the time he leaves the ground
to the time he reaches the highest point.
Loss in kinetic energy = ……………[2]

(ii) Determine the distance of Spiderman from the ground when Spiderman For
is at his highest point. Examiner’s
Use
Height = ……………[2]
4 (a) Fig 4.1 shows a plastic container with a lid cover. A lid tightener is used to
control the movement of the base of the lid. As a person flips down the lid
tightener, the base of the lid moves up and increases the volume of air in the
container. The container is air tight and it becomes difficult to remove the lid
cover.
lid tightener
lid cover
base of the lid
Fig 4.1
(i) Using the kinetic model of matter, explain why the air pressure in the
container decreases as the base of the lid moves up.
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................[2]

(ii) Explain in terms of pressure, why it is difficult to remove the lid cover For
when the base of the lid moves up. Examiner’s
Use
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................[1]
(b) Fig 4.2 shows a hydraulic press that is used to lift up the body of the car during
the replacement of a car tyre. A force of 30 N is exerted on piston A.
handle
piston B with
a diameter of
15.0 cm
piston A with
oil a diameter of
5.0 cm
Fig 4.2
(i) Using the idea of molecules, explain why a liquid, such as oil, is used
in the hydraulic press.
……………………………………………………………..……………….…
……………………………………………………………..……………….[1]
(ii) Calculate the force exerted on piston B.
Force = ……………[2]
5 Fig 5.1 shows a light dependent resistor (LDR) connected to a circuit. Fig 5.2 shows For
the relationship between the potential difference V across and the current I flowing Examiner’s
Use
through the LDR.
resistor A
V/V
resistor B
0
I/A
Fig 5.1 Fig 5.2
(a) Describe how the resistance of the LDR changes with light intensity.
………………………………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………...[1]
(b) Explain how the graph in Fig 5.2 shows that the LDR is a non-ohmic
conductor.
………………………………………………………………………………………...
………………………………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………………...[1]
(c) The resistances of resistor A and B are 1000 Ω and 3000 Ω respectively.
When the resistance of the LDR is 2000 Ω,
determine, by showing detailed workings,
(i) the effective resistance of resistor B and LDR.
Effective resistance = ……………[2]

(ii) the potential difference across resistor A. For
Examiner’s
Use
Potential difference = ……………[2]
(iii) the current through the LDR.
Current = ……………[2]

6 A 2.4 kW water heater is connected to a 240 V main supply. For
Examiner’s
Use
(a) Calculate the current in the heating element of the water heater when it is
working normally.
Current = ……………[2]
(b) The water heater is protected by a 13 A fuse.
Explain how the fuse works.
………………………………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………….………………………..
………………………………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………….………………………..
……………………………………………………………….……………………..[2]
(c) The water heater has double insulation. Explain whether it is necessary for
the water heater to have an earth wire connected to the casing.
………………………………………………………………………………………...
…………………………………………………………………………….…………..
………………………………………………………………………………………...
…………………………………………………………………………….…………..
…………………………………………………………………………….…………..
…………………………………………………………………….………………..[2]

7 Fig 7.1 shows the use of an electromagnetic relay switch to switch on another For
secondary circuit that is connected to a high voltage power supply. Examiner’s
Use
pivot point
A high voltage
power supply
soft iron core

Fig 7.1
(a) Explain how, by adjusting the resistance of a variable resistor, the motor in
the secondary circuit can be switched on.
……………………………………………………………………………….……......
………………………………………………………………………….……………..
………………………………………………………………………….……………..
………………………………………………………………………….……………..
………………………………………………………………………….……………..
…………………………………………………………………….………………..[2]
(b) State the pole at end A of the soft iron core when current is flowing through
the coil.
……………………………………………………………………………………...[1]

(c) Fig 7.2 shows a simplified diagram of the motor which is connected to the high For
voltage supply. Points P and Q are two corners of a copper coil. Examiner’s
Use
copper coil
Q
permanent
magnet
Fig 7.2
(i) Name one electrical device that can be included into the circuit to
ensure that the coil in the motor will only turn in one direction.
……………………………………………………………………………...[1]
(ii) At a particular instant, the magnetic force acting on the wire between
points P and Q is in the upward direction. Using the idea of magnetic
fields, explain why this is so.
…………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………….………..
……………………………………………………………………….………..
……………………………………………………………………….………..
……………………………………………………………………….………..
………………………………………………………………….…………..[2]

8 Fig 8.1 shows a set-up with two coils of wire wound around a soft iron core. For
Examiner’s
User
coil B
soft iron
G
core
coil A
Fig 8.1
(a) State Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction.
………………………………………………………………………………………...
………………………………………………………………………………………..
…………………………………………………………………….………………..[1]
(b) Explain why the galvanometer shows a deflection when the switch is just
closed.
………………………………………………………………………………………...
…………………………………………………………………….…………………..
…………………………………………………………………….…………………..
……………………………………………………………………….………………..
…………………………………………………………………….………………..[2]
(c) Suggest one change to be made to the set-up if
(i) the galvanometer is to have a continuous deflection at all times.
……………………………………………………………………………...[1]
(ii) the galvanometer is to show a larger deflection with the same power
input.
……………………………………………………………………………...[1]

Section B [30 marks]
Answer all the questions in this section.

Answer only one of the two alternative questions in Question 11.
9 I-Fly is an indoor skydiving facility which uses high air speeds to keep a person For
floating in the air. Fig 9.1 shows a simplified setup of how high air speeds are Examiner’s
Use
projected onto the person (flyer). Air is drawn into the chamber using the wind
blade. The shape of the chamber allows air to move upward at high speed. The
speed of the air is regulated by the speed of the wind blade.
top chamber
Fig 9.1
Fig 9.2 shows the power of the wind blade and the average wind force acting on a
person.
Average Wind
200 400 640 800 900
Force / N
Power of Wind
2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 8.0
Blade / MW
Fig 9.2

(a) State Newton’s 1st Law of Motion. For
Examiner’s
User
...........................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................[1]
(b) Draw the free body diagram acting on the flyer when he is floating in the air.
Label and name all the forces. [2]
(c) Using the data shown in the Fig 9.2, plot a graph of the average wind force
acting on the flyer against the power of the wind blade in Fig 9.3 . [2]
average wind force / N
power / MW
Fig 9.3

(d) A person with a mass of 75 kg has signed up to be a flyer. For
Examiner’s
(i) State the weight of the person. User
Weight = ……………[1]
(ii) Using the plotted graph in Fig 9.3, determine the minimum power of the
wind blade required to keep the person floating in the air.
Minimum power = ……………[1]
(iii) The power of the wind blade is adjusted to 5.0 MW. Using the data in
Fig 9.2, calculate the initial acceleration of the person.
Acceleration = ……………[2]
(e) Explain why it is important to have a safety net installed at the base of the top
chamber.
...........................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................[1]

10 (a) Fig 10.1 shows a light ray travelling from diamond to medium X. The diamond For
has a refractive index of 2.4. Examiner’s
Use
medium X
boundary
diamond
normal
light ray
Fig 10.1
(i) Compare the refractive index of medium X to that of the diamond. Use
Fig 10.1 to explain how you reach the answer.
…………………………………………………….…………………………..
……………………………………………………….………………………..
…………………………………….…………………………………………..
…………………………………….………………………………………..[2]
(ii) If medium X is glass, the critical angle is found to be 39o.
1. State what is meant by critical angle.
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………….…..[1]
2. A light ray strikes the boundary with an angle of incidence 42 o. State

and explain what will happen to this light ray.
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………….…..[2]
3. If medium X is water which is optically less dense than glass, state, if

any, the changes to the critical angle.
……………………………………………………………………………...[1]

(b) Fig 10.2 shows a slanted lens with a focal length of 2.0 cm. The height of the For
object is 1.5 cm. The intersection point between the horizontal line and the Examiner’s
Use
lens is the optical centre of the lens. The diagram is drawn to scale.
object horizontal
line
Fig 10.2
(i) Define principal axis.
………………………………………………………………………….……..
………………………………………………………………………….……..
…………………………………………………………………………..….[1]
(ii) In Fig 10.2,
1. sketch the principal axis and label the principal focal points of the
lens as f1 and f2.
[1]
2. sketch two rays from the tip of the object to locate the image of the
tip of the object. Mark this point with “X”. [2]

Either
11 Fig 11.1 shows a car equipped with a reverse parking sensor at the car’s back For
bumper. Examiner’s
Use
back bumper reverse parking sensor
side view of the car back view of the car
Fig 11.1
The reverse parking sensor uses ultrasound to measure the distance between the
car’s bumper and nearby objects. The sensor is connected to a sound buzzing
system which will provide beep sounds in the car to alert the driver of the obstacles
while parking the car.
(a) Define ultrasound.
………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………….……………..[1]
(b) Fig 11.2 shows a screen displaying the signal of one set of pulses picked up
by the reverse parking sensor.
emitted pulse returning pulse
Fig 11.2
The time interval between the two pulses is 800 μs. The ultrasound has a
frequency of 25 kHz and the speed of ultrasound is 330 m s-1.
(i) Using the idea about the molecular motion in air, describe what is
meant by “a frequency of 25 kHz”.
………………………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………...[1]

(ii) Calculate the distance (in cm) between the back bumper and the For
obstacle. Examiner’s
Use
Distance = ……………cm [2]
(iii) On Fig 11.2, sketch the returning pulse for the same emitting pulse if
the distance between the back bumper and the obstacle is smaller than
the value calculated in part (b)(ii). [1]
(c) Sound wave comprises regions of compression and rarefaction.
(i) Explain, in terms of pressure, the meaning of region of rarefaction.
………………………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………...[1]
(ii) In Fig 11.3, line X represents the position of the air molecules in a
sound wave at a particular instant. The sound wave is travelling to the
right.
Fig 11.3
1. In Fig 11.3, mark a distance equal to the wavelength of the sound wave
on line X. [1]
2. In Fig 11.3, mark the position of the centre of all compressions after
another 1½ period on line Y. [1]
3. Describe how you obtained your answer in part 2.
……………..……………………………………………………………….…
……………………………………………………..……………………….…
………………………………………………………………………..…….…
…………………………………………………………………….…………..

………………………………………………………………………..….…[2]
Or
11 (a) Fig 11.1 shows a simplified diagram of a power station that involves the For
combustion of natural gas to generate electricity. Water is directed into Examiner’s
Use
combustion chamber via a pipe.
steam out
combustion
chamber
pipe cold water in

Fig 11.1
(i) Suggest an appropriate material for the pipe. Explain your answer.
………………………………………………………………………………...
……………………………………………………………………………..[1]
(ii) “Using natural gas to generate electricity is an environmentally friendly

method”.
Do you agree with this statement? Justify your answer.
………………………………………………………………………………...
…………………………………………………………………….………..[1]
(iii) In 1.0 minute, 2.0 kg of water at 30oC is converted to steam at 100oC.

The specific heat capacity of the water and the specific heat latent heat
of vaporisation are 4200 J kg-1 oC-1 and 2.1 MJ kg-1 respectively.
1. Calculate the amount of thermal energy required to change 2.0 kg of

water at 30oC to steam in 1.0 minute.
Leave your answer to the appropriate number of significant figures.

Amount of thermal energy = ……………[3]
2. The efficiency of the system is 80%. For
Examiner’s
Use
Calculate the power input.
Power input = ……………[2]
(b) Nuclear energy is considered as a good source of energy to generate

electricity, however, the gamma radiation produced is extremely dangerous.
(i) Explain why some countries continue to use nuclear energy to generate
electricity despite the danger.
………………………………………………………………………………...
…………………………………………………………………….………..[1]
(ii) Gamma radiation belongs to a family of waves. Name this family.
…………………………………………………………………….………..[1]
(iii) Suggest why gamma radiation is extremely dangerous.
………………………………………………………………………………...
………………………………………………………………………………...
…………………………………………………………………….………..[1]
END OF PAPER

2019 Sec 4 Pure Physics SA2 Tanjong Katong Girls

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WEDNESDAY 4 SEP 2019 1 hour

Additional materials: OMR answer sheet

Read the instructions on the OMR Answer Sheet very carefully.

At the end of the examination, hand in the OMR Answer Sheet.

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

1 Which of the following is a good estimate for the thickness of a fingernail?

A vernier calipers and tape

A Time / s Distance / m B Time / s Distance / m

C Time / s Distance / m D Time / s Distance / m

Tanjong Katong Girls’ School 2 Sec 4 Preliminary Examination 2019

Which pair of forces is a pair of action and reaction force?

What is the resultant force acting on the car at t = 4.0 s?

A 0N B 4000 N C 5000 N D 6000 N

7 An astronaut lands on a planet where the acceleration of free-fall at its surface is

A The weight of the astronaut

Tanjong Katong Girls’ School 3 Sec 4 Preliminary Examination 2019

A liquid Q, object P, liquid R, liquid S

9 The diagram shows a stationary uniform

The wall exerts a horizontal force F on

What is the magnitude of the force F?

A 144 N B 250 N C 433 N D 500 N

10 The diagram shows a bottle being filled up with water. water

Stability Centre of Gravity

Tanjong Katong Girls’ School 4 Sec 4 Preliminary Examination 2019

Which statement is correct?

What will be the new difference in height between level X and Y?

Tanjong Katong Girls’ School 5 Sec 4 Preliminary Examination 2019

Size of marshmallow Gas pressure in marshmallow

14 To calibrate a liquid-in-glass thermometer without using another thermometer, fixed

Which statement is correct?

A Only one fixed point is required.

15 A resistance thermometer has a resistance value of 20 Ω and 80 Ω when the

A 90 oC B 107 oC C 117 oC D 133 oC

Tanjong Katong Girls’ School 6 Sec 4 Preliminary Examination 2019

However, the galvanometer does not show any deflection.

Which of the following is not a possible reason for the observation?

A Wire 1 and wire 2 are made of the same material.

17 The diagram shows a metal spoon in a cup of hot water.

a cup of hot water

Tanjong Katong Girls’ School 7 Sec 4 Preliminary Examination 2019

steam water water ice ice

100 oC 100 oC 0 oC 0 oC -10 oC

Which stage A, B, C or D involves the specific latent heat of vaporisation?

20 A student is investigating the rate of evaporation of water.

The student can change the following:

1. the depth of the water;

2. the atmospheric pressure;

3. the temperature of the water.

Tanjong Katong Girls’ School 8 Sec 4 Preliminary Examination 2019

What are p and q?

22 A ripple tank is used to demonstrate refraction of plane water waves.

Tanjong Katong Girls’ School 9 Sec 4 Preliminary Examination 2019

Which diagram correctly shows the reflected wavefronts?

Tanjong Katong Girls’ School 10 Sec 4 Preliminary Examination 2019

Higher frequency Longer wavelength

What is likely to be this electromagnetic wave?

27 A person strikes a tuning fork near a wall.

Frequency Speed of Sound

Tanjong Katong Girls’ School 11 Sec 4 Preliminary Examination 2019

What is the time lapse between the two bangs?

A 0.12 s B 0.17 s C 0.25 s D 0.34 s

object electric field