TYPES OF VALUES:

Terminal Values
These are values that we think are most important or most desirable.
These refer to desirable end states of existence, the goals a person would
like to achieve during his or her lifetime.
For eg: They include, inner happiness, self-respect, recognition , harmony,
leading a prosperous life, and professional excellence.
Instrumental Values
Instrumental values deal with views on acceptable modes of conduct or
means of achieving the terminal values.
These values are more focused on personality traits and character.
For eg : These include being honest, sincere, ethical, and being ambitious.

There are many typologies of values. One of the most established surveys
to assess individual values is the Rokeach Value Survey.
This survey lists 18 terminal and 18 instrumental values in alphabetical
order.
They are given below:

Terminal Values Instrumental Values

A comfortable life (a prosperous life) Ambitious (hardworking)
An exciting life (a stimulating, active life) Broadminded (open minded)
A sense of accomplishment (lasting
Capable (competent, efficient)
contribution)
A world of peace (free of war and conflict) Cheerful ( lighthearted, joyful)
 A world of beauty (the beauty of nature and
Clean (neat, tidy)
the arts)
Equality (brotherhood, equal opportunity for Courageous (standing up for your
all) beliefs)
Family security (taking care of loved ones) Forgiving (willing to pardon)
Helpful (working for welfare of
Freedom (independence, free choice)
others)

Imaginative (daring, creative)

Happiness ( contentedness)
Independent (self-reliant, self-
Inner harmony (freedom from inner conflict)
sufficient)
Mature love (sexual and spiritual intimacy)
National security (protection from attack)
Pleasure (an enjoyable, leisurely life)
Salvation (saved, eternal)
Self-respect(self-esteem)
Social recognition (respect, admiration)
True friendship (close companionship)
Wisdom ( a mature understanding of life)
Q: Differentiate between terminal and instrumental values.
TERMINAL VALUES
Represent the ultimate goals of a person
These are those that one thinks as most
important and desirable
These are the highest value in the person’s value
system
These are shared by the group as a whole
These are not changeable
Example: comfortable life, family security,
happiness etc.
Intellectual (intelligent, reflective)
Logical (consistent, rational)
Loving (affectionate, tender)
Obedient (dutiful, respectful)
Polite (courteous, well-mannered)
Responsible (dependable, reliable)
Self-controlled (restrained, self-
disciplined)
Honest ( sincere, truthful)
(GGSIP,DEC 2012)
INSTRUMENTAL VALUES
Represent the means of achieving those goals
These are the core values and determine the
personality traits of an individual
These are the ones that are most often used
,generally permanent in nature
These differ within a group and give rise to a
conflict
These could be changed
Example:
hardworking,imaginative,helping,courageousness