ACTIVITY 3

BODY TISSUES

Unit Intended Learning Outcomes

At the end of the lesson, the student should be able to:

● Describe and identify correctly the major types of epithelia in figures and specimens;
● Describe and identify correctly the connective tissue types in figures and specimens; and
● Describe and identify correctly the muscle and nerve tissue types in figures and specimens.

Pre-laboratory Discussion

Tissues are groups of cells with similar structure and function. Histology is the study of the tissues of the body
and how these tissues are arranged to constitute organs. There are four primary types of body tissues;
epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous tissue.

Epithelial tissues are found in different areas of the body such as the skin, body linings (cardiovascular,
digestive and respiratory systems) and in glandular tissue (glands of the body). The functions of this type of
tissue is for protection, absorption, filtration and secretion. Epithelium tissues can be classified according to
the number of layers and the shape of the cells. The number of layers can be simple or stratified. A simple
epithelium is composed of only one layer while the stratified epithelium is composed of two or more layers.
The shape of the cells can be squamous, which is described as flattened cells, cuboidal which are cube –
shaped cells and columnar which are column – like cells.

Figure 3a. Layers of epithelium

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Connective tissues are found everywhere in the body and include the most abundant and widely distributed
primary tissues. It binds body tissues together, supports the body and provides protection. Connective tissue
can be classified into four; (1) connective, (2) cartilage, (3) bone tissue and (4) blood.

Figure 3b. Origin of Connective Tissues

Muscle tissues are highly cellular, well-vascularized tissues responsible for movement. There are three (3)
types of muscle tissues. These are the skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscles.

Figure 3c. Skeletal muscle

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 Figure 3d. Cardiac muscle

Figure 3e. Smooth muscle

Nervous tissue is the main component of the nervous system which regulates and controls body functions. It
is composed of two types of cells: neurons which are specialized cells that generate and conduct electrical
impulses and the supporting cells that are nonconductive cells that support, insulate, and protect the neurons.

Figure 3f. Nervous tissue

3 | Human Anatomy and Physiology with Pathophysiology

 Teaching and Learning Activities

● Pre-Analytical Phase

1. Disinfect the working area using 10% sodium hypochlorite.

2. Wear complete and proper PPE.

● Analytical Phase

Reagents, Supplies and Equipment

1. Prepared tissue slides

2. Microscope
3. Immersion Oil
4. Lens paper
5. Pencil
6. Coloring materials

● Post-Analytical Phase

1. Segregate and dispose all infectious and biohazardous waste in their proper waste bins.
2. Disinfect the working area using 10% sodium hypochlorite.
3. Remove all used PPE after the activity.

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Name: ___________________________________ Date: ______________
Section: ________________ Group: _________ Score: ______________

ACTIVITY 3

BODY TISSUES

Draw and label the parts of different body tissues.

Specimen: _____________________________ Specimen: _____________________________

Type of Tissue: _________________________ Type of Tissue: _________________________
Function: ______________________________ Function: ______________________________

5 | Human Anatomy and Physiology with Pathophysiology

Specimen: _____________________________ Specimen: _____________________________
Type of Tissue: _________________________ Type of Tissue: _________________________
Function: ______________________________ Function: ______________________________

Specimen: _____________________________ Specimen: _____________________________

Type of Tissue: _________________________ Type of Tissue: _________________________
Function: ______________________________ Function: ______________________________

6 | Human Anatomy and Physiology with Pathophysiology

Specimen: _____________________________ Specimen: _____________________________
Type of Tissue: _________________________ Type of Tissue: _________________________
Function: ______________________________ Function: ______________________________

Specimen: _____________________________ Specimen: _____________________________

Type of Tissue: _________________________ Type of Tissue: _________________________
Function: ______________________________ Function: ______________________________

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 Review Questions

1. What are the four types of tissues? Differentiate each type.

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2. What are the functions of epithelial tissue?

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3. What are the different types of connective tissues? Discuss each type of tissue.
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4. Why is blood considered as connective tissue?

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5. Differentiate the three types of muscle tissues.

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8 | Human Anatomy and Physiology with Pathophysiology