MSS SP-98-2001

Protective Coatings
for the Interior of
Valves, Hydrants, and Fittings

Standard Practice
Developed and Approved by the
Manufacturers Standardization Society of the
Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
127 Park Street, NE
Vienna, Virginia 22180
(703) 281-6613

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Licensed by Information Handling Services
 This MSS Standard Practice was developed under the consensus of the MSS Technical Committee 112
and the MSS Coordinating Committee. The content of this Standard Practice is the result of the efforts
of competent and concerned volunteers to provide an effective, clear, and non-exclusive specification
that will benefit the industry as a whole. This MSS Standard Practice is intended as a basis for common
practice by the manufacturer, the user, and the general public. The existence of an MSS Standard
Practice does not in itself preclude the manufacture, sale, or use of products not conforming to the
Standard Practice. Mandatory conformance is established only by reference in a code, specification,
sales contract, or public law, as applicable.

Unless otherwise specifically noted in this MSS SP, any standard referred to herein is
identified by the date of issue that was applicable to the referenced standard(s) at the
date of issue of this MSS SP. (See Annex A).

Any part of this standard may be quoted. Credit lines should read ‘ExtractedJi.omMSS SP-98, 2001, with
permission of the publisher, the Manufacturers Standardization Socieíy. ’ Reproduction prohibited under
copyright convention unless writtenpermission is granted by the Manufacturers Standardization Society of
the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.

Originally Approved June 1-7

Copyright O 1987 by
Manufacturers Standardization Socieîy
of the
Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
Printed in U.S.A.

COPYRIGHT Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings

Licensed by Information Handling Services
 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE SP-98

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION PAGE

1 SCOPE ....................................................................................................................... i

2 DEFINITIONS ........................................................................................................... 1

3 AFFIDAVIT OF COMPLIANCE............................................................................... 2

4 COATINGS FOR DRINKING WATER SERVICE...................................................................... 2

5 SURFACE PREPARATION ....................................................................................... 2

6 COATING APPLICATION ........................................................................................ 2

7 COATING SYSTEM QUALIFICATION................................................................... 2

8 QUALIFICATION TESTING .................................................................................... 3

9 PRODUCTION TESTING ........................................................................................ 3

10 SPECIAL TESTING .................................................................................................. 3

11 INSPECTION AND REJECTION ............................................................................. 4

12 SHIPPING. HANDLING. AND STORAGE PRECAUTIONS ................................... 4

ANNEX A Referenced Standards and Applicable Dates................................................................ 5

11

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 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE
PROTECTIVE COATINGS FOR
THE INTERIOR OF VALVES, HYDRANTS, AND FITTINGS
1. SCOPE
1.1 This Standard Practice covers the material,
application, and performance requirements for liq-
uid or powder interior coatings for valves, hydrants,
and fittings.
These coatings are applied to interior ferrous sur-
faces of valves, hydrants, and fittings intended for
use in water, drinking water, or sewerage systems
where corrosion protection is specified.
1.2 Where it is necessary because of the applica-
tion process or purchase requirements, the coating
may also be specified for exterior use, with recogni-
tion that performanceparametersmay vary from those
specified for interior use.
1.3 This Standard Practice does not cover the fol-
lowing:
1.3.1 Special coatings agreed to by the purchaser and
the manufacturer.
i .3.2 Coatings for special service conditions such as
salt water, acid, high temperature, etc.
2. DEFINITIONS
Under this Standard Practice the following defini-
tions shall apply:
2.1 Coating. A material applied on the interior
surfaces of a valve, hydrant, fitting, or component
part thereof, meeting the requirements of this Stan-
dard Practice.
2.2 Coating System Those materials and proce-
dures used to coat a valve, hydrant, fitting, or a com-
ponent part thereof.
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SP-98
2.3 Powder Coating Material. A material which
is applied in the powdered form and activated by heat.
2.4 Liquid Coating Material. A one or two com-
ponent homogeneously mixed material applied in the
liquid form and cured by heat or chemical reaction.
2.5 Application. The method by which the coating
material is applied.
2.6 Holiday Test. A non-destructive test to electri-
cally determine the presence, if any, of voids or holi-
days in a coating.
2.7 Ferrous Surface. The surface of a valve, hy-
drant, or fitting component part made from gray iron,
ductile iron, or steel.
2.8 Purchaser. The party entering into a contract
or agreement to purchase coated valves, hydrants,
fittings, or component parts thereof, according to this
Standard Practice.
2.9 Manufacturer. The party producingthe valves,
hydrants, fittings, or component parts thereof, which
are coated in accordance with this Standard Prac-
tice.
2.1O Coating Manufacturer. The producer or
manufacturer of the liquid or powdered coating ma-
terial.
2.1 1 Inspector. The representative of the purchaser
authorized to inspect on behalf of the purchaser to
determine whether the requirements of this Standard
Practice are met.
 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE
3. AFFIDAVIT OF COMPLIANCE
3.1 The manufacturer, if required by the Purchase
Order, will furnish an affidavit of compliance stating
that the coating of the valves, hydrants, or fittings
conforms to the applicable requirements of this Stan-
dard Practice.
4. COATINGS FOR DRINKING WATER
SERVICE
4.1 Coatings for drinking water service shall not
contain coal tar and shall comply with one or more
of the following requirements:
Formulated from materials deemed acceptable
in the Food and Drug Administration Document,
Title 2 1 of the Federal Regulations on Food Ad-
ditives, Section 175.300, entitled “Resinous
and Polymeric Coatings.”
ANSUNSF 6 1, Drinking Water System Com-
ponents - Health Effects.
Meet the suitability requirements as found in
the “Directions for Determining the Water Ex-
tractable Substances from a Polymeric or Res-
inous Water Contact Surface,” issued by the
U. S . Environmental Protection Agency.
5. SURFACEPREPARATION
5.1 Visual Examination. Prior to surface prepa-
ration, each valve, hydrant, or fitting component to
be coated shall be visually inspected for acceptabil-
ity.
5.2 Surface Preparation. Surface preparation shall
be such that the cured coating meets the requirements
of this Standard Practice.
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6. COATING APPLICATION
6.1 Powder coating materials may be applied to pre-
heated components using a fluidized bed, pneumatic
spray system or an electrostatic spray system. The
method used may require a post-heating process.
6.2 Liquid coating materials may be applied by air,
airless, electrostatic spray, brush, or by eiectro-
phoretic description.
6.3 The protective coating, whether a liquid or pow-
der material, shall be applied to interior ferrous sur-
faces in constant contact with the water or sewage.
Unless otherwise required by the Purchase Order, the
protective coating may be applied to any exterior fer-
rous surfaces of valves, hydrants, and fittings at the
manufacturer’s option.
6.4 Certain surfaces may be left uncoated provided
that the anticipated corrosion of these areas will not
interfere with the effective performance of the valve,
hydrant, or fitting. These surfaces include, but are
not limited to, interior machined surfaces, bearing
surfaces, mating surfaces of gaskets or elastomeric
stem seals, and corrosion-resistant surfaces, i.e., stain-
less steel and copper alloys.
6.5 Special consideration may be necessary on the
protective coating thickness for machined surfaces,
bearing surfaces, mating surfaces and joint dimen-
sions of valve, hydrant, and fitting end connections.
7 COATING SYSTEM OUALIFICATION
7.1 The coating materials and procedures that the
manufacturer uses for coating valves, hydrants, fit-
tings, and or component parts thereof, shall be quali-
fied in accordance with this Standard Practice.
 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE
7.1.1 If coating material composition or application
procedure parameters are modified to be outside the
tolerance range of the original composition or pa-
rameters, the modified coating materials and or pro-
cedures shall be qualified in accordance with this
Standard Practice.
7.2 The manufacturer shall maintain certificates of
compliance from the coating manufacturer that the
coating materials meet the requirements of Section
4.1 of the Standard Practice.
8. QUALIFICATION TESTING
8.1 Test Coupon. The coating material will be ap-
plied to a test coupon consisting of a cylindrical tube
or pipe approximately 6 in. in diameter and approxi-
mately 4 in. long, split lengthwise into two approxi-
mately equal sections so that both the concave and
convex surfaces are accessible for examination. The
test coupon material and surface roughness shall be
similar to the product to be coated. The test coupon
shall be coated on the convex and concave surfaces
with the same thickness of protective coating mate-
rial that is to be applied to the valve parts, hydrant
parts, or fitting, and it shall have the same surface
preparation and application procedure that is to be
used to coat the valve, hydrant, or fitting.
8.2 Disbondment. After the coating material has
been applied to the coupon and the coating material
has been fully cured, an “X” shall be scribed with a
sharp instrument through the coating material, down
to the metal surface of the coupon for the maximum
length possible on both the concave and convex cy-
lindrical surfaces of the test coupon. No disbondment
or blistering of the coating material shall be noted on
the coated and scribed test coupon after 500 hours of
immersion in 150°F distilled water.
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‘8.3 Direct Impact. No cracking of the coating ma-
terial under the indentor of the impact apparatus de-
scribed in ASTM D 2794 shall be visible without
magnification, after a direct impact of 20 in-lb is
applied near the center of the convex and concave
cylindrical surfaces of the test coupon. Only that
section of ASTM D 2794 describing the impact ap-
paratus shall be applicable to this Standard Practice.
9. PRODUCTION TESTING
9.1 All coated surfaces shall be examined before
assembly and where practical, after assembly.
9.2 Tests described in Sections 9.2.1 and 9.2.2 shall
be performed on an ongoing basis, as required to en-
sure control of the coating process.
9.2.1 A visual examination of all coated surfaces
shall be made for freedom from blisters, cracks, and
lack of coverage.
9.2.2 The film thickness of the cured coating shall
be measured with a nondestructive instrument on ran-
domly selected coating components and shall not be
less than the minimum coating thickness of the coat-
ing qualification test coupon except as allowed in
Section 6.5.
10. SPECIAL TESTING
1O . 1 HoZìduy Testìng. Holiday testing requires spe-
cial handling and treatment of valve parts, hydrant
parts, or fittings and is not a routine production test.
If experience indicatesthat severe service conditions
exist justifjhg added expense, the purchaser may
request a special electricallyvoid-free coating. When
so requested, interior coated surfaces of valve
parts, hydrant parts, or fittings shall be shown
to be holiday-free when tested with a low voltage
 MSS STANDARD PRACTICE
(22 1/2 to 100 volts, with approximately 80,000
OHMS) holiday detector, using a sponge saturated
with water, as specified in ASTM G 62-87 Method
A. Other holiday testing methods are acceptable, as
agreed to by the manufacturer and the purchaser.
1 1 . INSPECTION AND REJECTION
1 1.1 With prior agreement between the purchaser and
the manufacturer, protective coated parts may be in-
spected by the purchaser or a designated inspector
prior to the assembly of the valve, hydrant, or fitting.
Such inspection, or lack of inspection, shall not re-
lieve the manufacturer of the responsibility to fur-
nish material and to perform work in accordance with
this Standard Practice. The purchaser or his repre-
sentative shall have access to the assembly and test-
ing facilities.
1 1.2 Failure to meet the requirements of applicable
criteria of this Standard Practice will be the basis for
rejection. Valves, hydrants, fittings, or components
may be repaired and retested for acceptance.
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12. SHIPPING, HANDLING. A N D STORAGE
PRECAUTIONS
12.1 Coated valves, hydrants, fittings, or components
thereof, shall be shipped, handled and stored in a
manner that will prevent damage to the interior coat-
ing and will comply with Section 2 of SP 92.
12.2 Coatings damaged in shipping or by field han-
dling may be repaired at the jobsite using materials
and procedures recommended by the manufacturer.
The manufacturer shall upon request provide a test
report demonstrating that recommended materials and
procedures for repair of a damaged coating will pro-
vide a coating system that is in compliance with this
Standard Practice.
12.3 Storage shall be in a manner consistent with
the recommendations of the manufacturer. Direct
sunlight, ozone, and fumes that may be damaging to
the coating should be avoided.
 MSS STANDARDPRACTICE SP-98

ANNEX A
Referenced Standards and Applicable Dates

This Annex is an integral part of this Standard Practice and is placed after the main text for convenience.

ANSUNSF

61 - 1999 Drinking Water System Components - Health Effects

ASTM

D 2794 - 93 Test for Resistance of Organic Coatings to the Effects of Rapid Deformation (Impact)
G 62 - 87(R98) Standard Test Methods for Holiday Detection in Pipline Coatings

FDA Title 21 Title 21 of the Federal Regulations on Food Additives, Section 175.300,
“Resinous and Polymeric Coatings”
MSS
SP 92 - 1999 MSS Valve User Guide

USEPA Direction for Determining the Water Extractable Substances from a Polymeric or
Resinous Water Contact Surface

(R) Denotes year of reaffirmation

Publications of the following organizations appear on the above lists:

ANSI American National Standards Institute

25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor, New York, NY 10036

ASTM American Society for Testing Materials

1O0 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428

FDA Department of Health & Human Services

U.S. Food and Drug Administration
5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857

MSS Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.
127 Park Street, N.E., Vienna, VA 22 180-4602

USEPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

Bureau of Water Hygiene
Division of Epidemiology and Biometrics
Toxicology Laboratory
26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268

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 List of MSS Standard Practices
(Price List Available Upon Request)
Number
SP-62001 Standard Finishes for Contact Faces of Pipe Flanges and Connecting-End Flanges of Valves and Fittings
SP-42001 Spot Facing for Bronze, Iron and Steel Flanges
SP-25-1998 Standard Marking System For Valves, Fittings, Flanges and Unions
SP-42-1999 Class 150 Corrosion Resistant Gate, Globe, Angle and Check Valves with Flanged and Butt Weld Ends
SP-43-1991 (R 01) Wrought Stainless Steel Butt-Welding Fittings
SP-44-1996 Steel Pipeline Flanges
SP-45-1998 Bypass and Drain Connections
SP-5 1-2000 Class 15OLW Corrosion Resistant Cast Flanges and Flanged Fittings
SP-53-1999 Quality Standard for Steel Castings and Forgings for Valves. Flanges and Fittings and Other Piping Componets - Magnetic Particle
Examination Method
SP-54-1999 -
Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves, Flanges, and Fittings and Other Piping Components Radiographic Examination Method
SP-55-2001 Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Other Piping Components - Visual Methcd for Evaluation Of
Surface Irregularities
SP-58-1993 Pipe Hangers and Supports - Materials, Design and Manufacture
SP-60-1999 Connecting Flange Joint Between Tapping Sleeves and Tapping Valves
SP-61-1999 Pressure Testing of Steel Valves
SP-65-1999 High Pressure Chemical Industry Flanges and Threaded Stubs for Use with Lens Gaskets
SP-67-1995 Butterfly Valves
SP-68-1997 High Pressure Butterfly Valves with Offset Design
SP-69-1996 -
Pipe Hangers and Supports Selection and Application
SP-70-1998 Cast Iron Gate Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends
SP-71-1997 Gray Iron Swing Check Valves. Flanged and Threaded Ends
SP-72-1999 Ball Valves with Flanged or Butt Welding Ends for General Service
SP-73-1991 (R 96) Brazing Joints for Wrought and Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings
SP-75-1998 Specification for High Test Wrought Butt Welding Fittings
SP-77- 1995 (R 00) Guidelines for Pipe Support Contractual Relationships
SP-78-1998 Cast Iron Plug Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends
SP-79-1999a Socket-Welding Reducer Inserts
SP-80-1997 Bronze Gate, Globe, Angle and Check Valves
SP-81-2000 Stainless Steel, Bonnetless. Flanged, Knife Gate Valves
SP-82-1992 Valve Pressure Testing Methods
SP-83-1995 Class 3000 Steel Pipe Unions, Socket-Welding and Threaded
SP-85-1994 Cast Iron Globe & Angle Valves, Flanged and Threaded Ends
SP-86-1997 Guidelines for Metric Data in Standards for Valves, Flanges, Fittings and Actuators
SP-87-1991 (R 96) Factory-Made Butt-welding Fittings for Class 1 Nuclear Piping Applications
SP-88-1993 (R 01) Diaphragm Valves
SP-89-1998 -
Pipe Hangars and Suppolts Fabrication and Installation Practices
SP-90-2000 Guidelines on Terminology for Pipe Hangers and Supports
SP-91-1992 (R 96) Guidelines for Manual Operations of Valves
SP-92-1999 MSS Valve User Guide
SP-93-1999 Quality Standard for Steel Castings and Forgings for Valves, Flanges, and Fittings and Other Piping Components-Liquid Penetrant
Examination Method
SP-94-1999 Quality Std for Ferritic and Martensitlc Steel Castings for Valves, Flanges, and Fittings and Other Piping Components-Ultrasonic
Examination Method
SP-95-2000 Swage(d) Nipples and Bull Plugs
SP-96-1996 Guidelines on Terminology for Valves and Fittings
SP-97-1995 Integrally Reinforced Forged Branch Outlet Fittings-Socket Welding, Threaded and Buttwelding Ends
SP-98-2001 Protective Coatings for the Interior of Valves, Hydrants, and Fittings
SP-99-1994 Instrument Valves
SP-100-1997 Qualification Requirements for Elastomer Diaphragms for Nuclear Diaphragm Type Valves
SP-101-1989 Part-Turn Valve Actuator Attachment-Flange and Driving Component Dimensions and Performance Characteristics
SP-102-1989 MultiTurn Valve Actuator Attachment - Flange and Driving Component Dimensions and Performance Characteristics
SP-103-1995 (R 00) Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Insert Fittings for Polybutylene Systems
SP-104-1995 Wrought Copper Solder Joint Pressure Fittings
SP-105-1996 Instrument Valves for Code Applications
SP-106-1990 (R 96) Cast Copper Alloy Flanges and Flanged Fittings, Class 125, 150 and 300
SP-107-1991 (R 00) Transition Union Fittings for Joining Metal and Plastic Products
SP-108-1996 Resilient-Seated Cast Iron-Eccentric Plug Valves
SP-109-1997 Welded Fabricated Copper Solder Joint Pressure Fittings
SP-110-1996 Ball Valves Threaded, Socket-Welding, Solder Joint, Grooved and Flared Ends
SP-111-2001 Gray-Iron and Ductile-lron Tapping Sleeves
SP-112-1999 -
Quality Standard for Evaluation of Cast Surface Finishes Visual and Tactile Method. This SP must be sold with a 10-surface, three
dimensional Cast Surface Comparator, which is a necessary part of the Standard.
Additional Comparators may be sold separately at $25.00 each. Same quantity discounts apply on total order.
SP-113-2001 Connecting Joint between Tapping Machines and Tapping Valves
SP-114-2001 Corrosion Resistant Pipe Fittings Threaded and Socket Welding, Class 150 and 1000
SP-1151999 Excess Flow Valves for Natural Gas Service
SP-116-1996 Service Line Valves and Fittings for Drinking Water Systems
SP-117-1996 Bellows Seals for Globe and Gate Valves
SP-116-1996 -
Compact Steel Globe & Check Valves Flanged, Flangeless. Threaded & Welding Ends (Chemical & Petroleum Refinery Service)
SP-I 19-1996 Belled End Socket Welding Fittings, Stainless Steel and Copper Nickel
SP-120-1997 Flexible Graphite Packing System for Rising Stem Steel Valves (Design Requirements)
SP-121-1997 Qualaication Testing Methods for Stem Packing for Rising Stem Steel Valves
SP-122-1997 Plastic Industrial Ball Valves
SP-123-1998 Non-Ferrous Threaded and Solder-Joint Unions for Use With Copper Water Tube
SP-124-2001 Fabricated Tapping Sleeves
SP-125-2000 Gray Iron and Ductile Iron In-Line, Spring-Loaded, Center-Guided Check Valves
SP-126-2000 Steel In-Line Spring-Assisted Center Guided Check Valves
SP-127-2001
~~ Bracing for Piping Systems Seismic-Wind-Dynamic Design, Selection, Application
(R YEAR) Indicates year standard reaffirmed without substantive changes

A large number of former MSS Practices have been approved by the ANSI or ANSI Standards, published by others. In order to maintain a single source
of authoritative information, the MSS withdraws its Standard Practice in such cases.

Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings Industry, Inc.

127 Parkstreet, N.E., Vienna, VA 22180-4620 (703)281-6613Fax# (703)281-6671
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