DIGITAL ASSIGNMENT-3

SUBJECT- INTRODUCTION TO INNOVATIVE PROJECTS

FACULTY-DR ARPAN KUMAR NAYAK
SLOT-(TD1)
TOPIC- GROUP PROJECT
NAME- UPANSHU DAS REG-19BCI0129
OTHER MEMBER- VIMARSH GUPTA REG-19BCI0152
Q1) Brainstorm and come out with as
many solutions as possible for covid-19
•  Ans- 1)Problem: How do you protect the most vulnerable
individuals in crowded cities and refugee camps? And how do
you keep infected individuals from spreading the disease

•  >Solution: Health authorities are trying out a somewhat

controversial strategy: separating the sick and those at high
risk, moving them from the homes where they might live
alone or with an extended family into vacant homes or taking
over facilities previously used for other purposes, such as
learning centers. The people being targeted include the elderly
and those with preexisting health conditions that make them
susceptible to COVID-19 — as well as the homeless.
•  2)Problem: Some citizens are afraid of staying in big cities
where social distancing is hard to maintain and outbreaks
are more likely to spread.
•  >Solution: Those who have family in ancestral homelands
are traveling back to stay in these rural environments – it's
happened in countries ranging from Bangladesh to Italy.
•  3) Problem: Social distancing is hard to enforce in densely
populated low-income countries.
•  >Solution: Many governments around the world have
turned to the police to ensure that people stay home — and
hand out punishments to those who aren't following the
lockdown rules. In India, for example, people who violate
the lockdown could face up to a year in prison. Others in the
country have faced unusual punishments, such as writing "I
am very sorry" 500 times, according to an NPR report.
•  4) Problem: More supplies to fight COVID-19 are needed.
•  >Solution: Get factories to switch gears and respond to the
coronavirus. Kenya's textile industry has pivoted to making masks
and protective equipment. The Kitui County Textile Center
(KICOTEC) has shifted from sewing chef's whites and school
uniforms to turning out face masks and scrubs for healthcare
workers. Kenya's state-owned oil company is now making hand
sanitizer, which it says it is distributing for free.

•  5) Develop safe and effective vaccines and therapeutics that can be

delivered at scale and that are accessible based on need.

•  6) Private companies must ensure the continuity of essential

services such as the food chain, public utilities, and the
manufacture of medical supplies. Private companies can provide
expertise and innovation to scale and sustain the response, most
notably through the production and equitable distribution of
laboratory diagnostics, personal protective equipment, ventilators,
•  7)Individuals must protect themselves and others by
adopting behaviours such as washing hands, avoiding
touching their face, practicing good respiratory etiquette,
individual level distancing, isolating in a community facility
or at home if they are sick, identifying themselves as a
contact of a confirmed case when appropriate, and
cooperating with physical distancing measures and
movement restrictions when called on to do so.

•  8)Communities must be empowered to ensure that services

and aid are planned and adapted based on their feedback
and local contexts. Critical functions, such as community
education, protecting vulnerable groups, supporting health
workers, case finding, contact tracing, and cooperation with
physical distancing measures can only happen with the
support of every part of affected communities.
•  COVID -19 FIGURES:-
 Q2) Brainstorm and come out with as
many solutions as possible for the water
pollution
•  Ans-Water Pollution Solution:-
1) - Practice Responsible Use of Fertilizer, Herbicides, and
Pesticides :-.Surface runoff of pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers into
water bodies changes a water body's natural ecosystem. These chemicals
can kill plants, insects, and animals in and around the affected waters, as
well as create an environment that is costly to recover.

•  The simplest solution for water pollution prevention is to be responsible

with any chemical use: -Read and explicitly follow the directions for
mixing and use. Use organic options whenever possible. Check your local
stormwater division for suggestions. Prevent spills. As spills are generally
accidental, prepare in advance to contain and absorb the solution if there
is a spill. Don't leave the unused chemicals exposed to weather. Dispose of
the leftover chemicals and container properly per the product instructions,
or check with your local municipality. Do not apply near water systems
such as wells, streams, lakes, or curb inlets/drains.
•  2) Minimize Stormwater Runoff:- eco mat Whether a small
home-based project or a large commercial construction
project with a little advanced planning, you can minimize
water pollution from stormwater runoff on your property or
site and avoid costly fines. Any soil that's exposed without
some sort of erosion control in place is subject to wind and
water erosion.

•  Depending on the duration of exposure, there are several

practical choices available for protecting exposed soil: Seed,
even if just temporarily, or sod the exposed area. Surround the
area with properly installed Silt Fence to contain and control
the erosion. Or cover the exposed area with any combination
of: Natural fabric, such as Coir Coconut Fiber and Straw
Netting, blankets or rolls Geotextile Fabric Rip rap (such as
gravel)
•  3) Filter Runoff:-filter runoff Where stormwater lands in
ditches or culverts, a check dam or Ditch Check can be used
to filter the runoff, preventing sediment pollution and trash
from exiting the property. Standing waters such as ponds,
trenches, and holding areas can be filtered using Dewatering
Products (pictured right) where water is pumped into the bag,
capturing any sediment and releasing the water.

•  4) Protect Curb Inlets and Drains:-Storm drains are just for

rain! Water that flows into storm drains and down curb inlets
usually runs directly into streams, rivers, lakes, and other
water sources. This makes protecting storm drains extremely
important because that water is not only a habitat to animals
and plants, but is also used to supply our drinking water.
There are countless products on the market to help filter
runoff and protect stormwater drains.
•  5) Capture and Dispose of Floating Pollution in Waterway
Seabin :-Floating pollution can be contained and retrieved
relatively easy using a floating boom and Seabin. Boom is
designed to act as a barrier for floating water pollution.
Depending on how you install the boom, you can either
contain, deflect, or exclude floating debris. From trash or
seaweed to oil, there are booms to control almost any floating
pollutant into a manageable area for disposal.
•  6) Capture and Filter Sediment Laden Water in Waterways:-
water polution curtain Shoreline construction projects disturb
and expose soil, creating situations where exposed soil is
washed into the nearby water body. This creates murky
sediment laden (turbid) water that has a significant negative
impact on the marine environment. It harms all of the aquatic
life in the area, including plants, fish, insects, and animals.
Turbid water can also be created by events that stir up the
sediment on the marine floor.
 Q3) Brainstorm on water
scarcity at rural area
•  Ans)
•  1) According to government records from the 1980s, only 1% of
India’s rural areas had access to safe and usable water. By 2013,
this statistic became 30%, with the majority of rural India still
surviving without direct access to safe drinking water. A WaterAid
report states that an estimated 76 million people in India have no
access to safe water supply. India is currently ranked amongst the
world’s worst countries in the world where the highest number of
people live without safe water resources.
•  2) The Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation has data which
suggests that 45,053 villages received access to piped water and
hand pumps by the end of 2016-17, but almost 19,000 villages
across the country are still devoid of regular water supply, some
even having to walk 15 km to fetch water manually.
•  3) Of the 76% of usable water resources India has, 87% is
used in agriculture, 15% for industry and energy and 7% for
domestic purposes. With adequate education, training and
incentive-based programs for Panchayats and villagers plus
campaigning for water conservation, recycling and rainwater
harvesting at the grassroots level for both urban and rural
areas, a shift towards water availability can take place. In fact,
Monitor Deloitte estimates that the rural sanitation market in
India is worth the US $25 billion.
•  4) At Spectra, we fully understand how water supply solutions
are paramount for developing India, and we are creating
premier plumbing systems comprising PVC pipe and fittings
and u PVC fittings, to meet this ever-growing demand. We are
also assisting Indian farmers better their harvest by providing
quality irrigation solutions like PVC agricultural pipe and
fittings along with a wide spectrum of product availability in
different sizes and pressure classes to enable super-efficient
transportation of water.
•  5)“The Jal Shakti Abhiyan is a first step, and a good one,
to initiate and focus the attention on water conservation.
However, the causes of our water crisis are complex and
will require sustained efforts and investment on
conservation of rain-water, recharge of ground-water and
must then focus on the sustained and equitable provision
of safe drinking water," says V.K. Madhavan, chief
executive of non-profit Water Aid India.

•  6)Excessive groundwater extraction affects not just the

quantity but also the quality of water. Water collected
from deeper underground is more likely to be
contaminated with harmful chemicals such as arsenic and
fluoride. Data from the National Rural Drinking Water
Programme reveals that around 3.5% of habitations are
affected by contaminated water, but states such as Punjab
(21.5% of habitations) and Rajasthan (14.3%), with more
depleted groundwater, are affected more.
•  7)At the state-level, water scarcity is also deepening conflicts
among states. In the Cauvery delta, for instance, every drought
worsens the rift between Karnataka and Tamil Nadu state
governments over sharing the river’s water. As India’s water
scarcity worsens, these tensions will only escalate.

•  8)Rains matter for the country because nearly half of India’s farms
(49%) rely solely on rain for their water and these are the farms
that are hit the hardest by disrupted monsoon rains. The Economic
Survey 2017-18 estimates that farmers without irrigation stand to
lose nearly 14% of their income because of rainfall shocks.

•  9)And even among farmers with irrigation, 62% rely on

groundwater as the source of irrigation, which exposes them to the
vagaries of the monsoon. Groundwater, which is the result of rain
seeping into the ground, also forms the backbone of water supply
in rural areas. In villages, 85% of water needs are supplied through
groundwater, according to the World Bank.
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