TRANSFORMATIONS

(CALCULATOR)

1. Let f(x) = 3x2. The graph of f is translated 1 unit to the right and 2 units down.
The graph of g is the image of the graph of f after this translation.
(a) Write down the coordinates of the vertex of the graph of g.
(2)
(b) Express g in the form gg(x) = 3(x – p)2 + q.
(2)
The graph of h is the reflection of the graph of g in the x-axis.
(c) Write down the coordinates of the vertex of the graph of h.
(2)
(Total 6 marks)
2. The following diagram shows part of the graph of f (x) = 5 − x2 with vertex V (0, 5).
h
Its image y = g (x)) after a translation with vector   has vertex T (3, 6).
k 

(a) Write down the value of

(i) h;
(ii) k.
(2)
(b) Write down an expression for g (x).
(2)
(c) On the same diagram, sketch the graph of y = g (−x).
(2)
(Total 6 marks)
3. (a) Express y = 2x2 – 12x + 23 in the form y = 2(x – c)2 + d.
The graph of y = x2 is transformed into the graph of y = 2x2 – 12x + 23 by the
transformations
a vertical stretch with scale factor k followed by
horizont translation of p units followed by
a horizontal
a vertical translation of q units.
(b) Write down the value of
(i) k;
(ii) p;
(iii) q.
(Total 6 marks)
4. The quadratic function f is defined by f (x) = 3x2 – 12x + 11.
3(x – h)2 – k.
(a) Write f in the form f (x)) = 3(
(b) The graph of f is translated 3 units in the positive x-direction
direction and 5 units in the
positive y-direction.
direction. Find the function g for the translated graph, giving your
answer in the form g (xx) = 3(x – p)2 + q.
(Total 6 marks)
 16
5. Consider the function f (x) = + 8, x ≠ 10.
x −10
(a) Write down the equation of
(i) the vertical asymptote;
(ii) the horizontal asymptote.
(2)
(b) Find the
(i) y-intercept;
(ii) x-intercept.
(2)
(c) Sketch the graph of f , clearly showing the above information.
(4)

16
(d) Let g (x) = , x ≠ 0.
x

The graph of g is transformed into the graph of f using two transformations.

10 
The first is a translation with vector  . Give a full geometric description of the
0
second transformation.

(2)

(Total 10 marks)
6. Let f (x) = 1 + 3 cos (2x) for 0 ≤ x ≤ π, and x is in radians.
(a) (i) Find f′ (x).
(ii) Find the values for x for which f′ (x) = 0, giving your answers in terms of π.
(6)
π
The function g (x) is defined as g (x) = f (2x) – 1, 0 ≤ x ≤ .
2
(b) (i) The graph of f may be transformed to the graph of g by a stretch in the x-
direction with scale factor 12 followed by another transformation. Describe
fully this other transformation.
(ii) Find the solution to the equation g (x) = f (x)
(4)
(Total 10 marks)
 TRANSFORMATIONS
(NON-CALCULATOR)

1. Let f(x) = 3 ln x and g(x) = ln 5x3.

+
(a) Express g(x) in the form f(x) + ln a, where a ∈ .
(4)
(b) The graph of g is a transformation of the graph of f. Give a full geometric
description of this transformation.
(3)(Total 7 marks)
1
2. Let f(x) = x 3 − x 2 − 3x . Part of the graph of f is shown below.
3

There is a maximum point at A and a minimum point at B(3, –9).

(a) Find the coordinates of A.
(8)
(b) Write down the coordinates of
(i) the image of B after reflection in the y-axis;
 − 2
(ii) the image of B after translation by the vector   ;
 5 
(iii) the image of B after reflection in the x-axis followed by a horizontal stretch
1
with scale factor . (6)(Total 14 marks)
2
3. Let f(x) = x2 + 4 and g(x) = x – 1.
(a) Find (f ° g)(x).
(2)
3
The vector   translates the graph of (f ° g) to the graph of h.
 − 1
(b) Find the coordinates of the vertex of the graph of h.
(3)
(c) Show that h(x) = x2 – 8x + 19.
(2)
(d) The line y = 2x – 6 is a tangent to the graph of h at the point P. Find the x-
coordinate of P.
(5)(Total 12 marks)
4. Let f(x) = x2 and g(x) = 2(x – 1)2.
(a) The graph of g can be obtained from the graph of f using two transformations.
Give a full geometric description of each of the two transformations.
(2)
 3 
(b) The graph of g is translated by the vector   to give the graph of h.
 − 2
The point (–1, 1) on the graph of f is translated to the point P on the graph of h.
Find the coordinates of P.
(4)(Total 6 marks)
5. The quadratic function f is defined by f(x) = 3x2 – 12x + 11.
(a) Write f in the form f(x) = 3(x – h)2 – k.
(3)
(b) The graph of f is translated 3 units in the positive x-direction and 5 units in the
positive
y-direction. Find the function g for the translated graph, giving your answer in the
form
g(x) = 3(x – p)2 + q.
(3)
(Total 6 marks)
6. Consider the graph of f shown below.

(a) On the same grid sketch the graph of y = f(–x).

(2)
The following four diagrams show images of f under different transformations.

(b) Complete the following table.

Description of transformation Diagram letter

Horizontal stretch with scale factor 1.5
Maps f to f(x) + 1
(2)
(c) Give a full geometric description of the transformation that gives the image in
Diagram A.
(2)(Total 6 marks)
7. The diagram below shows the graph of a function f(x), for –2 ≤ x ≤ 4.

(a) Let h(x) = f(–x). Sketch the graph of h on the grid below.

(2)

1
(b) Let g(x) = f(x – 1). The point A(3, 2) on the graph of f is transformed to the
2
point P on the graph of g. Find the coordinates of P.
(3)
(Total 5 marks)
8. Let f (x) = 3(x + 1)2 – 12.
(a) Show that f (x) = 3x2 + 6x – 9.
(2)
(b) For the graph of f
(i) write down the coordinates of the vertex;
(ii) write down the equation of the axis of symmetry;
(iii) write down the y-intercept;
(iv) find both x-intercepts.
(8)
(c) Hence sketch the graph of f.
(2)
(d) Let g (x) = x2. The graph of f may be obtained from the graph of g by the two
transformations:
a stretch of scale factor t in the y-direction
followed by
 p
a translation of  .
q
 p
Find   and the value of t.
q
(3)
(Total 15 marks)
9. Part of the graph of a function f is shown in the diagram below.
y

–2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 x

–1

–2

–3

–4

(a) On the same diagram sketch the graph of y = − f (x).

(2)
(b) Let g (x) = f (x + 3).
(i) Find g (−3).
(ii) Describe fully the transformation that maps the graph of f to the graph of g.
(4)(Total 6 marks)
10. Let f(t) = a cos b (t – c) + d, t ≥ 0. Part of the graph of y = f(t) is given below.

When t = 3, there is a maximum value of 29, at M.

When t = 9 , there is a minimum value of 15.
 (a) (i) Find the value of a.
π
(ii) Show that b = .
6
(iii) Find the value of d.
(iv) Write down a value for c.
(7)
1
The transformation P is given by a horizontal stretch of a scale factor of , followed by
2
 3 
a translation of   .
 − 10 
(b) Let M′ be the image of M under P. Find the coordinates of M′. (2)
The graph of g is the image of the graph of f under P.
(c) Find g(t) in the form g(t) = 7 cos B(t – C) + D.
(4)
(d) Give a full geometric description of the transformation that maps the graph of g to
the graph of f. (3)(Total 16 marks)
11. The graph of the function y = f (x), 0 ≤ x ≤ 4, is shown below.

(a) Write down the value of

(i) f ′ (1);
(ii) f ′ (3).
(b) On the diagram below, draw the graph of y = 3 f (−x).
 (c) On the diagram below, draw the graph of y = f (2x).

(Total 6 marks)

12. The following diagram shows part of the graph of f (x).

Consider the five graphs in the diagrams labelled A, B, C, D, E below.

(a) Which diagram is the graph of f (x + 2) ?

(b) Which diagram is the graph of – f (x) ?

(c) Which diagram is the graph of f (–x)

13. The graph of y = f (x) is shown in the diagram.
y
2

–2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
–1

–2
(a) On each of the following diagrams draw the required graph,
(i) y = 2 f (x);
y
2

–2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
–1

–2

(ii) y = f (x – 3).
y
2

–2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 x
–1

–2
(b) The point A (3, –1) is on the graph of f. The point A′ is the corresponding point on
the graph of y = –f (x) + 1. Find the coordinates of A′.

14. The diagram shows parts of the graphs of y = x2 and y = 5 – 3(x – 4)2.
y

y = x2
8

6 2
y = 5 – 3(x–4)

x
–2 0 2 4 6

The graph of y = x2 may be transformed into the graph of y = 5 – 3(x – 4)2 by these
transformations.
A reflection in the line y = 0 followed by
a vertical stretch with scale factor k followed by
a horizontal translation of p units followed by
a vertical translation of q units.
Write down the value of
(a) k;
(b) p;
(c) q.
15. The diagram shows three graphs.
B
y
A

A is part of the graph of y = x.

B is part of the graph of y = 2x.
C is the reflection of graph B in line A.
Write down
(a) the equation of C in the form y =f (x);
(b) the coordinates of the point where C cuts the x-axis.

(Total 4 marks)
16. The diagrams show how the graph of y = x2 is transformed to the graph of y = f (x) in
three steps.
For each diagram give the equation of the curve.
y y

(a)
1

0 x 0 x
y=x 2 1

(b) (c) 7
y

0 1 x 0 1 x

(Total 4 marks)
17. Three of the following diagrams I, II, III, IV represent the graphs of
(a) y = 3 + cos 2x
(b) y = 3 cos (x + 2)
(c) y = 2 cos x + 3.
Identify which diagram represents which graph.
I y II y

4 2

1
2
x
–π 1
– –π 1
–π π 3
–π
2 –1 2 2
x
–π 1
– –π 1
–π π 3
–π –2
2 2 2

y y
III IV
3
5
2
4
1
3
x
1 1 3 2
–π – –π –π π –π
2 2 2
1

x
–π 1
– –π 1
–π π 3
–π
–3 2 2 2
(Total 4 marks)