Vocabulary

Location expressions
Near here Cerca de aquí
Nearby Cerca
Time expressions Expresiones de tiempo
On (the) weekends Los fines de semana

Animals
Cat Gato
Dog Perro
Pet Mascota

Free-time activities
Eat out Comer fuera
Go to a club Ir a un club
Play sports Hacer deporte
Sleep late Dormir hasta tarde

Time expressions
All day Todo el dia

Places in the city

Club Club
Subway Subterraneo
Vintage store Tienda vintage

Other words
Full-time Tiempo completo
Part-time Medio tiempo
Turquoise Turquesa
Home Casa
Lifestyle Estilo de vida
Software company Compañía de software
Have time Tener tiempo
Live alone Vivir solo
Live with Vivir con
Make (new) friends Hacer (nuevos) amigos
Allergic to Alérgico a
Animal lover Amante de los animales
Cartoons Dibujos animados
Documentaries Documentales
Fan (football fan) Fan (fanático del fútbol)
Laptop Ordenador portátil
The news Las noticias
Pro(fessional) football Fútbol pro(profesional)
Talk shows Programas de entrevistas
Weekend activity Actividad de fin de semana
Anything new Algo nuevo
Both Ambos
Can Poder
Can't No poder
Chilly Frío
Nervous Nervioso
Appearance Apariencia
Cold weather Clima frío
Health Salud
Salary Salario
Stranger Desconocido
Anyone Nadie
Odd Impar
Talkative Hablador
Listener Oyente
Social life Vida social
Talker Hablador
Avoid (a topic of conversation) Evitar (un tema de conversación)
Improve Mejorar
Meet someone new Conocer a alguien nuevo
Grammar
Present of be (review)
Yes-No questions and short answers
To ask Yes-No questions, use be + subject (noun / pronoun):
Are you from a big family?

In affirmative short answers, use Yes + pronoun + full form of be:

A Are you from a big family?
B Yes, I am. I'm one of six children.

In negative short answers, use No + pronoun + contraction of be + not:

A Are you from a big family?
B No, I'm not. There are only two of us.

Information questions
Information questions are questions that start with question words like:
What Where Who When How old

To ask information questions, you can use Question word + be + subject (noun / pronoun):
Where are your parents from?

Remember, you can contract is to 's in questions:

What's your name?

The answer to information questions is not yes or no.

Statements
In affirmative statements, use subject (noun / pronoun) + a form of be:
A Where are your parents from?
B They're from Peru.

In negative statements, use subject (noun / pronoun) + a form of be + not:

A Where are your parents from? Lima?
B No, they're not from Lima.

Remember, you can use aren't when are not is difficult to say:
My parents aren't from Peru.

You can use isn't when 's not is difficult to say:

My boss isn't from Peru.

Simple present (review)

Yes-No questions and short answers
To ask Yes-No questions, use Do / Does + subject (noun / pronoun) + verb:
Do you have any brothers and sisters?
Does your brother go to college?

In affirmative short answers, use Yes + pronoun + do / does:

A Do you have any brothers and sisters?
B Yes, I do.
A Does your brother go to college?
B Yes, he does.

In negative short answers, use No + pronoun + don't / doesn't:

A Do you have any brothers and sisters?
B No, I don't.
A Does your brother go to college?
B No, he doesn't.

Information questions
Information questions are questions that start with question words like:
What Where Who When How old

To ask information questions, use Question word + do / does + subject (noun / pronoun) + verb:
What does your brother do?
Where do your parents live?

Statements
In affirmative statements, use subject (noun / pronoun) + verb:
A What does your brother do?
B He works in a bank.
A Where do your parents live?
B They live near here.

In negative statements, use subject (noun / pronoun) + don't / doesn't + verb:

A Does your brother work in a bank?
B No, he doesn't work in a bank.
A Do your parents live around here?
B No, they don't live near here.

Responses with too and either

You can use responses with too and either to show that you have something in common with
someone.

Present of be
In responses to affirmative statements, use I am too:
A I'm allergic to cats.
B I am too.
In responses to negative statements, use I'm not either:
 A I'm not an animal lover.
B I'm not either.

Simple present
In responses to affirmative statements, use I do too:
A I watch pro football.
B I do too.
In responses to negative statements, use I don't either:
A I don't watch much television.
B I don't either.

can / can't
In responses to affirmative statements, use I can too:
A I can shop for hours.
B I can too.

In responses to negative statements, use I can't either:

A I can't afford anything new.
B I can't either.

Me too and Me neither

You can use Me too or Me neither to show you have something in common with someone.

Use Me too in responses to affirmative statements:

A I'm allergic to cats.
B Me too.

You can use Me neither in responses to negative statements:

A I'm not an animal lover.
B Me neither.

You can also use Me either in responses to negative statements:

A I'm not an animal lover.
B Me either.

Really?
Remember, you can use Really? to show that you disagree with someone:
A I don't watch a lot of sports on TV.
B Really? I watch all the basketball games.

Conversation
Strategies
Starting a conversation
To start a conversation with a stranger you can:
• talk about things you can see or hear, like the weather or the place you are in
It's cold tonight.
There are a lot of people out here tonight.

• ask general questions

Do you come here a lot?
• say your name
By the way, my name's Chris.

Actually
You can use actually in different ways:
• To give new information
A Do you come here a lot?
B Yeah, I do, actually.
(The new information is "I come here a lot.")

• To give surprising information

Actually, I kind of like cold weather.
(The surprising information is "I like cold weather." Most people don't like the cold.)

• To correct things people say or think

A So, you're American?
B Well, actually, I'm from Canada.
("American" is not correct. "From Canada" is correct.)

Writing
Punctuation
• Use a CAPITAL letter for names:
Nice to meet you, Mariana.

• Use a CAPITAL letter to start a sentence:

Ask questions. Try to find something you have in common.
• Use a comma (,) before quotation marks (" "):
Smile and say, "Hello."

• Use commas (,) in lists:

Show interest, keep eye contact, and don't look around the room.

• Use a period (.) at the end of a statement:

Keep in touch.

• Use a question mark (?) at the end of a question:

Are you new to the company, too?