Experiment 1:- Understand the working of IP Addresses,Cisco IOS, Straight Cables and Cross Cables,Layer-2

Switch, Routers

Student Name: Abhishek Goyal UID: 18BCS4022

Branch: CSE-IBM CC Section/Group- CC-1 Gp-A
Semester: 5th Sem Date of Performance:23/07/20
Subject Name: Computer Network Lab Subject Code: CSP-301

1. Aim/Overview of the practical:

To Understand the working of IP Addresses,Cisco IOS, Straight Cables and Cross Cables,Layer-2
Switch, Routers

2. Task to be done:
Explain in Detail about the differences in Cat5e and Cat6 cables based on their costing, advantages and disadvantages?

Cat5e - Cat5e is of lower price

Advantages: -
Cat5e are unshielded twisted pair of cables comprising 4 pairs of wires which are twisted for a number
of times per inch. Due to this twisting effect, noise interruptions caused by different electrical devices
are eliminated to large extents.The cable CAT5e has great ability of managing networks that produce up
to 1,000 megabits information/second.With this type of cables, you can also enjoy higher bandwidths
because of its capability of carrying huge amount of data signals all at the same time with utmost
convenience.

Disadvantages -
While the cable has several advantages, it also comes with its fair share of limitations as well. The main
disadvantage of using a Cat 5 cable is the amount of data being sent to and from the cable. The cable is
very limited on its top-end in terms of data transfer. While the cable is good for setting up a network at
home, it can only handle up 100 Mbps. Therefore, trying to use the cable to set up networks for corporate
offices and networks might not be that useful. The data streaming through the network would be just too
much for the cable.Another disadvantage Cat 5 brings with it is the issue of sensitivity to interference.
When faced with electrostatic disturbances from several handheld devices and other devices, the
effectiveness of the cable is reduced. Objects that project inductive interference, such as phones,
microwaves, television signals, computer signals, and other frequencies can cause a lot of interference
with Cat 5 transfer. Additionally, it can also pick up interference from cables that it is joint together
with. This is referred to as cross-talk .Cross-talk can result in serious problems with transferring data
and signals. Moreover, cross-talk also reduces transfer speeds.

Cat6 - Cat6 is expensive.

Advantages -
One of the best things about this cable is the level of speed that it provides. The Cat 6 can handle speed
performances for up to 250 MHz. This performance makes the device possible to be used with a faster
Ethernet network, which includes Gigabit Ethernet connections and even 10 GB Ethernet too. The
introduction of this cable was done to complement Gigabit internet in particular which includes a wider
range of interface cards, patch panels, routers, switches, and other components which make for a full
gigabit network. Many IT professionals realize that the Cat 6 cable provides a speedy network
performance which delivers gigabit speeds.This advantage can be mixed with the versatility of Cat 6
cables as well. In terms of structure, both Cat 5 and the Cat 5e are the same. The Cat 6, Cat 5, and Cat 5e
cables each have a combination of 8 wires twisted together to form four pairs. The only major
difference is that one pair of Cat 6 cable is kept away from any contact with others so that it produces
double the bandwidth of the Cat 5 and Cat 5e cable as well.If you are looking to update your company’s
network, then the Cat 6 cable is included as a part of the upgrade. The Cat 6 cable will not be operated at
full speed if other units within the network do not support gigabit speeds. We will highly recommend
small businesses that are looking to improve network performance to shift towards installing the Cat 6
cable since it is becoming the industry standard.

Disadvantages -
Compared with the costs of the Cat 5e cable, Cat 6 is a lot more expensive. If the cable is not showing
substantial improvement in your network, it is best to not install it for your company. In most cases, the
Cat 5e is a sensible choice since it is more economical while still providing good performance. The Cat 5e
cable also comes in a variety of different colors.It is an error of judgment to believe that buying a Cat 6
cable will offer them higher speeds of the gigabit network. In reality, the Cat 6 cables only yield the full
speed if each of the components in the network is operating at the gigabit speeds. If even one of the
components is not rated gigabit, then your network is going to operate at the speed of the slowest device.
The average users might sometimes be persuaded to purchase the Cat 6 cable without truly
understanding the impact that it will have on their network. Therefore, a bit of research before making
the decision is recommended.

3. Theme/Interests definition( For creative domains):

A cable is one or more wires covered in plastic that transmit power or data between
devices or locations.

4. Observations/Discussions(For applied/experimental sciences/materials based labs):

Aluminum Cables:
Aluminum Cables are a type of Electrical Cable that is extensively used. These types of Cables are known
for high electrical conductivity. The Aluminum Cables are ductile, light weight, non-magnetic and can be
used for several heavy-duty applications. Furthermore, the silver-white metal of Aluminum Cables is
reflective to heat and can be recycled also. The application areas of these types of cables include electric
lights, telephone lines, and motors.

Copper Cables:
Copper Cables are a widely used Electrical Cable that are utilized in a number of industrial segments,
the major ones being mining, electronics, transportation, and telecommunication. The Copper Cables
specifically used in telecommunication sector are known as Telecommunication Cables. Just like the
Aluminum Cables, Copper Cables have high electrical conductivity and are ductile, lightweight and
flexible. Largely, the Copper Cables find application in microwave ovens, integrated circuits,
electromagnets, electrical bus bars, electrical switches, etc.

Industrial Cables:
Industrial Cables are especially designed to withstand extreme temperatures and find application in
sectors such as chemical plants, oil refineries, aviation, pharmaceutical companies, etc. The Industrial
Cables offer great resistance to oil, grease, chemicals, & flames, etc. Some commonly used types of
Industrial Cables include Coaxial Cables, Armored Shielded Instrumentation Cables, Control Cables
and several other Industrial Power Cables.

Fiber Optical Cables:

Fiber Optical Cables are made of one or more translucent fibers which are sheathed in a protective
jacket. These types of Cables can be categorized as Simplex Fiber Optical Cables, Duplex Fiber Optical
Cables and Multi-Fiber Optical Cables. The Simplex Fiber Optical Cables have one optical fiber.
Similarly, the Duplex Cables have two optical fibers and the Multi-Fiber Cables have several optical
fibers. Fiber Optic Cables are mainly used in telecommunications and computer networks.

5. Result/Output/Writing Summary:

6. Graphs (If Any): Image /Soft copy of graph paper to be attached here
Learning outcomes (What I have learnt):
1. About Network and IP address.

2. Learnt about different types of cables.

3. Switch, Router and Hub.

4. Connection between various devices.

5. Cisco IOS.

Evaluation Grid (To be created as per the SOP and Assessment guidelines by the faculty):

Sr. No. Parameters Marks Obtained Maximum Marks

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