Socrates

-
was a philosopher who taught by asking
questions. When teachers ask questions that encourage students
to draw conclusions, they are using the "Socratic method" of
teaching.
Socrates asked many questions, but he gave few
answers.
Socrates was a well known teacher in Athens. He
drifted around the city with his students, engaging many people
in arguments. What we know about Socrates comes from what
others wrote about him. Socrates did not write any books since
he believed it was better to debate
than write.
Socrates regarded the tales of the gods as just make
-
believe. This upset the leaders of Athens and hey threatened to bring him to
trial for neglecting the
gods and for corrupting the children of Athens by encouraging them to consider new
idea
s. The leaders
expected the seventy year old Socrates to leave Athens before his arrest, but
he remained in Athens,
stood trial, and was found guilty. A friend tried to plan an escape from prison, but
Socrates refused to
participate. He believed that he mu
st obey the law, even if he disagreed with it. His last day was spent
with friends. At the end of the day, Socrates calmly drank from a cup of poison hemlock,
the customary
practice of execution at that time.
Plato
-
Most of what we know about Socrates
comes from Plato, his most famous student. When
his teacher was executed, Plato left Greece for more than a decade. He returned to
start the Academy, a
school that would operate for more than 900 years.
Plato described his idea
of the best society in his
most famous book,
the Republic
. Plato did not
believe in democracy. He argued in favor of an “aristocracy of merit,” where
there would be rule by the best and the wisest people. Plato believed a small
group of people intelligent and educated men and women
should govern
everyone.
Aristotle
-
was the greatest scientist of the ancient world. Aristotle
believed in using science and reason, rather than the anger or pleasure of
gods, to explain natural events. Aristotle moved to Athens and studied at
Plato's A
cademy. He remained at the school for more than twenty years until
shortly after Plato died. Aristotle then returned to his home in Macedonia,
where King Philip hired him to prepare his thirteen
-
Year old son, Alexander, for his future role as a
military leader. His student would one day be known as known as Alexander the
Great, one of the
greatest military conquerors of all time. Once Alexander became King of
Macedonia, Aristotle
returned to Athens and opened a school he called the Lyceum. For the next t
welve years, Aristotle
organized his school as a center of research on astronomy, zoology, geography,
geology, physics,
anatomy, and many other fields. Aristotle wrote 170 books, 47 of which still
exist more than two
thousand years later. His ideas formed
the basis of modern science.

1. Who were three great philosophers in ancient Greece?

____________________________________________
2. The method of teaching Socrates used is called?
_____________________________
3. Why was Socrates sentence to death?
_____________________________________________
4. What was Plato’s school called? __________________________
5. Plato’s most famous book is called? ___________________________
6. Aristotle helped teac
h this famous military leader? _________________________
Three Great Greek Philosophers

Greek Philosophers Worksheet

Answer the following questions by either circling the correct answer of filling in the
blanks.
1.
Who were three famous Greek Philosophers?
a) _________________________, b) _________________________, c)
_________________________
2.
Where did these three philosophers live? ___________________

3. What event is occurring in the picture of the

left? Describe it in detail in the box below.
4. Write the philosopher from the box below who accomplished each of
the following things...
a) was the teacher of Plato ________________________________
b) was the teacher of Alexander the Great ____________________
c) wrote the republic ____________________________________
d) started the academy _________________
__________________
e) was put on trial and sentenced to death ____________________
f) started the Socratic method _____________________________
5. In the space below, explain why the Greek philosophers were important to the study if
history?
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
Plato
Aristotle
Socrates
3. What event is occurring in the picture of the

left? Describe it in detail in the box below.

_______________________________________

_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________

4. Write the philosopher from the box below who accomplished each of the following things…

Plato Aristotle Socrates

a) was the teacher of Plato ________________________________

b) was the teacher of Alexander the Great ____________________

c) wrote the republic ____________________________________

d) started the academy ___________________________________

e) was put on trial and sentenced to death ____________________

f) started the Socratic method _____________________________

5. In the space below, explain why the Greek philosophers were important to the study if history?
ACTIVITY 1 (PPT11/12-Ia-1.1) I. Look at the pictures below. What can you say about them? Describe their
similarities and differences. Write your answer in your notebook

There is never just one way to look at something – there are always different
perspectives, meanings, and  →  perceptions, depending on who, why and how is
looking.

Thales of Melitus
Heraclitus (535 BC to 475 BCE)- He proposed that everything

that exists is based on a higher order or plan which he called logos.

 Democritus (460 BCE to 370 BCE)- He devoted himself to

the study of the causes of natural phenomena.

Plato (427 BCE to 347 BCE)- A student of Socrates, he wrote down

his mentor’s teaching and incorporated some of his own ideas
into them. Plato’s most significant ideas included his
Theory of Forms, which proposes that everything that exist
is based on an idea or template than can only be perceived in the mind.

Socrates (470 BCE to 399 BCE)- He was considered

the foremost philosophers of ancient times. He was
credited with formulating the Socratic method- means
of examining a topic by devising a series of questions
that let the learner examine and analyze his knowledge
and views regarding the topic
Aristotle (384 BCE to 322 BCE)- He attended the Academy,
and was the prominent student of Plato. For him, all ideas
and views are based on perception and our reality is based
on what we can sense and perceive.