ID : U-312163-5-6688-IMO [1]

Class 9
IMO
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Answer the questions

(1) If there are 27 diagonals in a convex polygon, find the number of sides of the polygon.
(2) ABCD is a rectangle and point P is such that PB = 3√2 cm, PC = 4 cm and PD = 3 cm, find the value of
PA.

(3) Given a circle, a circumscribed square is one that completely encloses the circle, and an inscribed
square is one that is completely enclosed by the circle, as shown below:

If the the difference in the areas of the two squares is 49 sq. m., then what is the area of the circle?
22
(Assume π = )
7

(4) Archana got an average score of 84.25 in 4 tests. She got 85 as the average of the highest 3 scores,
and his lowest two scores are the same numbers. What is the average of her highest two scores?
(5) Joel selects 3 numbers randomly from the following set of 5 numbers 8, 3, 4, 9 and 2 .
b
He puts them in the form of a proper fraction of the type a .
c
16
What is the probability that you will get a fraction greater than 2 ?
17

(6) There are 312 boys and 132 girls students in a school. Principal wants to divide them in section such
that a section can have only boys or only girls. If all sections should have same number of students, and
principal wants to have as fewer section as possible find the number of sections in the school.
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 ID : U-312163-5-6688-IMO [2]
(7) The perimeter of a triangle is 60 cm. One side of a triangle is 19 cm longer than the smallest side and
the third side is 1 cm less than 5 times the smallest side. Find the area of the triangle.

(8) Find the unit digit of the number (218067)457.

(9) If the reflection of a clock in mirror shows time as 7:55, find the actual time.
7
(10) Sachin and Ridhima each have a bag that contains one ball each of the colors grey, pink, green,
orange, white, blue and black. Sachin randomly selects a ball from his bag and puts it in Ridhima's bag.
Then Ridhima randomly selects a ball from her bag and puts it in Sachin's bag. What is the probability
that after this the contents of the bag are the same as before?
(11) If AB is a diameter of the circle and C, D, E are any three points on the semi-circle. Find the value of
∠ACD + ∠BED.

(12) If AB and PQ are parallel, compute the measure of ∠X.

(13) If (x - 2) is a factor of kx3 - x2 - 2x + 8, find the value of k.

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 ID : U-312163-5-6688-IMO [3]

Choose correct answer(s) from the given choices

(14) Which of the following two shapes can be joined together to form a semi-circle?

(a) (b) (c) (d)

a. a and c b. c and d
c. b and d d. a and b

(15) An example of a rational number between and is

a. b.

c. 3.9 d. 3

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 ID : U-312163-5-6688-IMO [4]

Answers
(1) 9

Step 1
The diagonal of a polygon is the line segment that connects non-adjacent vertices of a polygon.

Step 2
Let us consider a polygon with n sides.
n(n - 3)
We know, the total number of diagonals of a polygon with n sides =
2

Step 3
According to the question, the number of diagonals in the convex polygon are 27.
n(n - 3)
Therefore, 27 =
2
⇒ 54 = n 2 - 3n
⇒ n2 - 3n - 54 = 0
⇒ (n - 9)(n + 6) = 0
Either, (n - 9) = 0 or (n + 6) = 0
Since, a polygon never have 0 or less than zero sides,
and hence, (n + 6) ≠ 0.
Therefore, (n - 9) = 0
⇒n=9

Step 4
Thus, the given polygon has 9 sides.

(2) 5 cm
(3) 77 sq. m.

Step 1
Let's name the outer square as ABCD, and the inner square as PQRS as shown below:

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 ID : U-312163-5-6688-IMO [5]
Step 2
If the radius of the circle is R, the side of the outer square will be double of circle's radius:
AB = 2R

Step 3
Area of outer square,
Area(ABCD) = 2R × 2R = 4R2

Step 4
Side of the inner square PQRS can be calculated using Pythagoras Theorem:
PQ =
or, PQ = √2R

Step 5
Area of inner square,
Area(PQRS) = √2R × √2R = 2R2

Step 6
The difference in areas of the two squares is given to be 49 sq. m.
Thus, Area(ABCD) - Area(PQRS) = 49
⇒ 4R2 - 2R 2 = 49
⇒ 2R2 = 49
49
⇒ R2 =
2

Step 7
Now that we know the radius of the circle, we can calculate the area of the circle using the formula,
Area(circle) = πR2
22 49
= ×
7 2
= 77 sq. m.

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 ID : U-312163-5-6688-IMO [6]
(4) 86.5

Step 1
The average of the scores Archana got in four different tests is 84.25. So the sum of scores in all
four tests = 84.25 × 4 = 337.

Step 2
The average of highest three scores is 85. Thus the total of the highest three scores = 85 × 3 =
255.

Step 3
This means that the lowest score is equal to 337 - 255 = 82.

Step 4
The lowest two scores are the same. This means the other lower score is also equal to 82.

Step 5
The total of lowest two scores is equal to 82 + 82 = 164. So the total of remaining two scores will
be 337 - 164 = 173.

Step 6
173
This means that the average of the highest two scores is equal to = 86.5.
2

24
(5)
30

Step 1
b
We need to select 3 numbers out of the 5 given in order to get a fraction of the form a .
c
We are also told it is a proper fraction, c should be greater than b.

Step 2
Let's put the integers in a sorted manner.
We get 2, 3, 4, 8 and 9.

Step 3
Now, we need to see how many proper fractions can be formed from them.
b
A proper fraction of the type a has three integers, a whole number a, a numerator b, and a
c
denominator c.
Let's assume we use one of the integers in the list above as the whole number a.
We now can select b and c from the remaining 4 integers.
4×3
We can select 2 integers from 4 in 4C2 = = 6 ways.
2×1
For any pair we select, one will be greater than the other, and the smaller integer will form the
numerator and the larger one the denominator.
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 ID : U-312163-5-6688-IMO [7]
- Note: that the other way won't work - if the numerator is larger than the denominator it is not a
proper fraction.
So, for each of the 5 integers, if we select one as the whole number, we get 6 possible
combinations of numerator and denominator that can form a proper fraction.
b
This means there are 5 × 6 = 30 possible proper fractions of the form a that can be formed
c
from these 5 integers.

Step 4
16
Now, we need to figure out how many of these 30 fractions are greater than 2 .
17
16
In 2 , we see that the whole number is 2, the numerator is 16 and the denominator is 17.
17
We see that the numerator 16 is larger than the largest number in the set of numbers given to us,
and the denominator 17 is one larger than 16.
16
The implication of this is that 2 will be larger than any fraction that can be formed from the
17
set of numbers 2, 3, 4, 8 and 9 where the whole number of the fraction is 2.
So, we only need to count the fractions that have the whole number greater than 2.
These are the fractions that will have the whole numbers as 3, 4, 8 and 9.

Step 5
Now, remember there are 30 proper fractions you can form from this list of number.
From our analysis above, we also saw that for each number selected as the whole number, we
can form 6 fractions from this list of numbers.

Step 6
So, using each of the numbers from 3, 4, 8 and 9 as the whole number, we can form 6 proper
fractions.
The total number of fractions that can be formed using 3, 4, 8 and 9 as the whole number = 6 × 4 =
24

Step 7
16
Out of the 30 fractions, 24 will be greater than 2 .
17

Step 8
24
The probability is .
30

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 ID : U-312163-5-6688-IMO [8]
(6) 37

Step 1
The principal wants to divide students in section such that a section can have only boys or only
girls and all sections should have same number of students.
Therefore both total number of boys and total number of girls should be fully divisible by number of
students in a section. Also since we want as fewer section as possible, the number of students in
a section should be as high as possible.
Therefore, the number of students in each section
= Maximum possible number which fully divides both number of boys and number of girls,
=The HCF of 312 and 132.

Step 2
Calculating the HCF of 312 and 132.
All prime factors of 312 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 13,
All prime factors of 132 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 11,
The HCF of 312 and 132 is = 2 × 2 × 3 = 12

Step 3
The number of students in each section = 12.

Step 4
The total number of students in the school
The number of sections in the school =
The number of students in each section
444
=
12
= 37

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 ID : U-312163-5-6688-IMO [9]

(7) Area : 60 cm 2

Step 1
Let's assume the smallest side of the triangle be x cm.

Step 2
According to the question, one side of the triangle is 19 cm longer than the smallest side,
The length of the side = x + 19

Step 3
The third side is 1 cm less than 5 times the smallest side,
the length of the third side = 5x - 1

Step 4
The perimeter of the triangle is 60 cm,
Therefore, x + (x + 19) + (5x - 1) = 60
⇒ x + x + 19 + 5x - 1 = 60
⇒ 7x = 60 + 1 - 19
42
⇒x=
7
⇒x=6
Now, x + 19 = 6 + 19 = 25,
5x - 1 = (5 × 6) - 1 = 29

Step 5
Therefore, all sides of the triangle are 6 cm, 25 cm and 29 cm.

Step 6
Following picture shows the triangle,

The area of the ΔABC can be calculated using Heron's formula, since all sides of the triangle are
known.
S = 60/2 = 30 cm
The area of the ΔABC = √[ S (S - AB) (S - BC) (S - CA) ]
= √[ 30(30 - 6) (30 - 25) (30 - 29) ]
= 60 cm2

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 ID : U-312163-5-6688-IMO [10]
(8) 7

Step 1
Let us look at the units digits of a few powers of 7:
71 = 7, unit digit is 7
72 = 7 × 7 = 49, unit digit is 9
73 = 7 × 7 × 7 = 343, unit digit is 3
74 = 7 × 7 × 7 × 7 = 2201, unit digit is 1
75 = 7 × 7 × 7 × 7 × 7 = 15407, unit digit is 7

Step 2
We can see that the unit digit repeats after the power 4. We can further observe that the unit digit
of powers of 7 repeats after every power that is a multiple of 4.

Step 3
457
Remainder of =1
4
This means 457 is 1 more than being a perfect multiple of 4.

Step 4

Therefore, the unit digit of (218067) 457 = unit digit of 7 1, which is 7.

(9) 4:05

Step 1
Since the mirror shows the laterally inverted image of the clock, as much as the minute-hand is to
the left of 12 in the mirror image, it will be to the right of 12 by same amount of time. Same will be
the case with the hour-hand.

Step 2
Since the mirror image shows: 7:55, the actual time is 12:00 - 7:55 = 4:05, as shown below:
Mirror

1
(10)
4

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 ID : U-312163-5-6688-IMO [11]
(11) 270°

Step 1
Join points B and C. ∠ACB is the angle subtended at the point C by the diameter.
As, the angle in a semicircle is 90°. Therefore, ∠ACB = 90°

Step 2
Now, BECD is a quadrilateral formed by 4 points on the circumference of a circle. So, BECD is a
cyclic quadrilateral.
As, the opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral add up to 180°.
∠BCD + ∠BED = 180°

Step 3
We can see that ∠ACD = ∠ACB + ∠BCD
So, ∠ACD + ∠BED = (∠ACB + ∠BCD) + ∠BED
= ∠ACB + (∠BCD + ∠BED)
= 90° + 180°
= 270°

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 ID : U-312163-5-6688-IMO [12]
(12) 261°

Step 1

Draw a line MN parallel to both lines AB and PQ.

According to the given figure, ∠X1 + ∠X2 + ∠X makes a full angle, i.e., 360°.
Therefore, ∠X1 + ∠X2 + ∠X = 360°
⇒ ∠X = 360° - ∠X1 - ∠X2

Step 2
Now, AB and MN are two parallel lines cut by a transversal OB.
Hence, ∠NOB = ∠OBA (Alternate angles)
⇒ ∠X2 = 53°

Step 3
Now, PQ and MN are two parallel lines cut by a transversal OQ.
Hence, ∠NOQ = ∠OQP (Alternate angles)
⇒ ∠X1 = 46°

Step 4
We know, ∠X = 360° - ∠X1 - ∠X2
= 360° - 46° - 53°
= 360° - 99°
= 261°
Hence, ∠X = 261°.

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 ID : U-312163-5-6688-IMO [13]
(13) 0

Step 1

We have been told that (x - 2) is a factor of kx3 - x2 - 2x + 8. Thus, the value of the polynomial kx3
- x2 - 2x + 8 must also be zero, when the value of (x - 2) is zero.

Step 2
The value of (x - 2) will be zero when x = 2. Thus, if we subsitute x = 2 in the given polynomial, we
can equate it to zero and solve the equation to find the value of k:
k(2)3 - (2)2 - 2(2) + 8 = 0
⇒k=0

Step 3
Thus, the value of k is 0.

(14) d. a and b

We know that the angle formed in a semi-circle is 180°.

If we look at the following shapes carefully, we notice that shapes 'a and b' can be joined together
to form a semi-circle as their sum adds up to 180°.
Hence, a and b is the correct answer.

(15) d. 3

Step 1
We know both and are irrational numbers, as they are not perfect squares.

Step 2
The product of the two is also irrational, as is their average.

Step 3
The approximate value of is 2.23, and the approximate value of is 3.87. This rules out
3.9.

Step 4
So, out of the 4 choices, we are only left with 3.

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