VISHVESHWARAIAH TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

S.D.M COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

A seminar report on

Cloud Computing

Submitted by

Amar Shanbhag(2SD06CS004)

8 th semester

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

2009-10
 VISHVESHWARAIAH TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

S.D.M COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE
Certified that the seminar work entitled “CLOUD COMPUTING” is a bonafide work

presented by (student name) bearing USN NO (usn) in a partial fulfillment for the award

of degree of Bachelor of Engineering in COMPUTER SCIENCE ENGINEERING of the

Vishveshwaraiah Technological University, Belgaum during the year 2009-10. The

seminar report has been approved as it satisfies the academic requirements with respect to

seminar work presented for the Bachelor of Engineering Degree.

Staff in charge H.O.D CSE

Name: Amar Shanbhag

USN:2SD06CS004
In this report there is a brief overview of cloud computing. Cloud computing is the latest of
computing paradigms. It promises to change the way people use computing resources. Using
Internet as the backbone, cloud computing asserts that it is possible to provide computing as
a “utility” to end users “as and when needed” basis. Cloud computing has a potential to
serve users of all kinds: individual users, institutions, industry at large. This report cover
issues such nature and scope of cloud computing, its applications, business rationale etc.

1. Introduction

The process and possibilities of business has been radically affected and hugely expanded by
continuously changing technological advances. For instance, the invention of printing press
and the consequent ability to produce books in large numbers created new business of
publishing. This in turn helped in organizing education and determined the structure of
university. The invention of steam engine led to creation of transportation industry and the
invention of aero plane created aviation industry and computers created industry of
information. Something similar is ushering in the field of computing.

Cloud computing is a business model that harnesses the web as the ultimate business
platform. Cloud computing is impregnated with immense potential for array of practical
applications. The model is expected make computing needs available via web on retail basis
and is called cloud computing. Cloud computing intends to make the Internet the ultimate
home of all computing resources- storage, computations, applications and allow end user to
available them in quantities of her choice, location of their preferences, for duration of their
liking. In other world web become the provision store for all your computing needs.

2. What is CLOUD COMPUTING?

Why do I buy a computer when I use it for only few hours a week? Why do I buy a printer
when I need printing occasionally? Is it possible to avail computing on “need basis” as it is
possible in case of “electricity” or “water? In other words, can I avail computing resources
such as storage, application, and infrastructure as a “utility”?

The answer is yes. And the name of model which is expected make computing available
on retail basis is called cloud computing. Cloud computing intends to make the Internet the
ultimate home of all computing resources- storage, computations, applications and allow end
user (both individuals and business) to avail these resources in quantities of her choice,
location of their preferences, for duration of their liking. In other world web become the
provision store for all your computing needs. A business model built on this paradigm offers
these resources as services either on pay per use basis or rental basis.

Cloud computing is a term used to describe both a platform and type of application. A cloud
computing platform dynamically provisions, configures, reconfigures, and deprovisions
servers as needed. Servers in the cloud can be physical machines or virtual machines.
Advanced clouds typically include other computing resources such as storage area networks
(SANs), network equipment, firewall and other security devices.
3. Why cloud computing?

Cloud computing infrastructure accelerates and fosters the adoption of innovations. Cloud
computing can enable innovations. It alleviates the need of innovators to find resources to
develop, test, and make their innovations available to the user community. Innovators are free
to focus on the innovation rather than the logistics of finding and managing resources that
enable the innovation. Cloud computing helps leverage innovation as early as possible to
deliver business value to a company and its customers.

Cloud computing infrastructure allows enterprises to achieve more efficient use of their IT
hardware and software investments. Cloud computing can increase profitability by improving
resource utilization. Pooling resources into large clouds drives down costs and increases
utilization by delivering resources only for as long as those resources are needed. Cloud
computing allows individuals, teams, and organizations to streamline procurement processes
and eliminate the need to duplicate certain computer administrative skills related to setup,
configuration, and support.

4. Cloud Computing: The Promise

Cloud computing is the newest paradigm in the history of computing. It is made possible by a
unique combination of facts: exponentially grown world wide web, reliable and broadband
connectivity, phenomenal increase in online population both individuals and businesses,
commoditized storage and processing power and increasing migration of businesses on to
web platform. Cloud computing proposes to harness these factors in establishing a new
paradigm in computing. It is a new order of computing. Cloud computing paradigm claims
that it is possible and beneficial to make Internet or web as the home of all computing
resources and to provide these resources to consumers as "utilities" on retail basis. It asserts
that by using cloud model small business can take advantage of cost reductions. By availing
cloud services, business can focus on its "core" issues. "The "cloud" represents the Internet:
Instead of using software installed on your computer or saving data to your hard drive, you're
working and storing stuff on the Web, in cyberspace. Data is kept on servers run by the
service you're using, and tasks are performed in your browser using an interface provided by
the service." Cloud Computing is the next step in the evolution of the Internet as a source of
“services.” It’s those services that users are interested in, not the underlying technologies.
While most people have become accustomed to using services such as emailing or searching
or shopping on the Internet, by extension, it makes sense that business technologies should be
accessible in the same way. In other words, instead of installing packaged software
applications on their computers, people and businesses will use their browsers to access a
wide range of cloud services available on-demand over the Internet. As this transition
accelerates, the IT industry has an opportunity to drive a quantum-leap improvement in the
user experience.

5. Examples of cloud computing. Although most of us use cloud computing in one or

the other form, we are not usually aware of them. In this section we list some of the well
known web services that are built using cloud infrastructure.

 When Hotmail started offering free web-based email service in 1996, it represented
first instance of cloud computing. Hotmail has all the features of cloud computing.
The service is offered via web to the user, user data is stored in data centre and use
remote servers; service is made available through a browser.
 Popular networking sites such as facebook, orkut, flickr offer services based on cloud
computing.
 If all user want is to type a document and maybe include some basic formatting, you
don't need all the power of a proprietary Microsoft Word you can simply log in
to Google Docs another example of cloud computing in action.
 So far we listed services aimed at general users. However, cloud computing has far
reaching implications for business in general. It gives the ability to run a geophysical
modeling application on the most powerful systems available anywhere. It can be the
 ability to rent a virtual server, load software on it, turn it on and off at will, or clone
it ten times to meet a sudden workload demand.

6. Cloud Computing is characteristics

Cloud computing is characterized by the following

* Dynamism
It means that the system can expand and contact based on the needs of the application, at any
point of time. It is this characteristic that allows cloud vendors to offer services in any degree
of granularity. From the cloud consumer perspective becomes a "pay per use" model.

* Abstraction
The actual implementation is always hidden. The programmer or even the end users need
never to worry about how and when of the system. This abstraction is achieved through what
is known as "virtualization". Every resource can be subjected to virtualization. Storage,
Operating system, platform are some of resources that be "abstracted" or "virtualized".
* Resource-Sharing
The resources are designed in such a manner that it can be shared. It is this feature that allows
cloud providers to build massive scale resource pools and operate them cost effectively. Data
centers are one example.
* Platform
Almost every cloud computing is build on one of the platforms. It makes things program
specific. Although end user and interfaces are abstracted, at lowest level applications have
been implemented on specific platforms and environments.
7. Cloud technologies and services

Cloud paradigm has a huge potential. Cloud computing paradigm offers services broadly in
the following categories.

1. Software as Service- Individuals and business can consumes applications such as

CRM, Email, office work productivity applications that are offered as a “service” by a cloud
vendor. Instead of buying software package in traditional form, individuals and businesses
can buy software as a "service" as and when needed. For example, you may say one hour of
Microsoft word time for preparing your documents or a company may buy it for a longer
duration. It may be called as "retail" purchase of a service.

Examples:

Free: Gmail

Commercial: Salesforce.com`s SFA services, Google Office productivity applications.

2. Platform as a service: One can avail a platform of choice such as windows or Linux as
a service and host company and launch its services on and from it. A service consumer r such
an individual or a business can rent or avail an entire application development environment as
a service. The consumer may then use this environment to develop and deploy
applications. Example: Google App Engine, Application Server virtual images, Amazon Web
Services, Boomi, Cast Iron, and Google App Engine.

3. Infrastructure as service: In this cloud vendor provides a complete infrastructure as

needed by the consumer. This may include operating system environment, database system
environment, and storage environment. The vendor takes responsibility for hosting and
managing the infrastructure

Example: Amazon EC2, Amazon SimpleDB. IBM Blue House, VMWare, Amazon EC2,
Microsoft Azure Platform, Sun ParaScale Cloud Storage, and more.

8. Implications of Cloud computing Cloud computing paradigm has practical as well

as theoretical implications at all levels: individuals through institutions to society at large. It
has implications for academics, enterprises as well as to government. Let us consider them.

1 Implications for individuals

Cloud computing 's idea of making web a central place to meet one's computing needs
in "retail" formats opens up for an individual for a range of existing and upcoming services.
Although now a common place free web based email services represents one of the earliest
example of cloud computing service. This frees a common man from the clutches of
institutional computing policies and helps him have life long digital presence on the web.
Freely available but industrial strength services such on-line docs, emails already have put an
ordinary person on par with a company in terms of access to products and services.

2. Implications for entrepreneurs

The Cloud opens a new world of entrepreneurial opportunities, not just to those in the
industrialized world, but also to emerging economies across the globe, including three billion
new capitalists from China, India, Brazil, and the former Soviet Union. Individuals will be
able to use one of the world’s largest supercomputers, without having to house it, manage it,
power it, administer it, provision it or buy it. So far businesses have oriented their services on
a global basis. Cloud computing, because of its distributed nature of resources may help them
consider "local" approaches.

3. Implications for business

Cloud computing heralds a new business opportunity for business in two distinct domains.
The domains are service providing and service consumer. As a service provider on cloud
platform business can extend the range of their services. For instance software service
providers can extend their existing service portfolios or transform them into cloud consumers.
For instance, a user who has bought MS Word package and is currently using it on her
desktop may be allowed to upgrade it to newer version as a cloud service. On the other hand,
a service consumer of cloud computing, a business can have cost advantages and also focus
on "core" processes.

Cloud Computing makes it possible to create new “business operations platforms” that will
allow companies to change their business models and collaborate in powerful new ways with
their customers, suppliers and trading partners stuff that simply could not be done before.

4. Implications for academics and research

Cloud computing is a new environment. As such, it demands a new approach in almost all
fronts. It needs a different kind of databases, security mechanism, algorithms locate widely
scattered database and search within them.

9. Cloud computing models

The Cloud comprises three aspects:

  Cloud computing a design pattern that enables self-service automation, scaling,
flexing, variable costs, and rich data analytics;
 Cloud Platforms, the tools, programming and information models, supporting
software run-time components, and related technologies. Platforms facilitate
implementing Cloud Services that depend on the Cloud Computing design pattern to
meet their requirements, particularly those related to cost;
 Cloud Services, a delivery model for information services.

10. Cloud computing architecture

Cloud computing paradigm like any other needs an infrastructure to build and deliver
services. However, it is more an evolution than a revolution. Existing technologies such a
grid computing, utility computing, adaptive computing constitute the infrastructure leading to
cloud computing. Other technologies that underpin cloud computing include virtualization,
data centre etc.

11. Advantages of Cloud Computing

Cloud computing has a true potential to offer a series of benefits to both cloud vendors and
cloud service consumers. Business needs as reason for using cloud services. Here is a brief
list.

Today business systems contain a lot of technological components. Building and using
technological components may drive business away from its "core" activities. Cloud
computing comes as a rescue for such businesses that can define a set of technological
components that can be availed as services.

1. Improve cost structures

Cost reduction remains the single most concern of any business. Cost reductions in building
and running IT components form a major part of cost structure for any business. Meeting
those IT needs via cloud service may come as a boon to many enterprises.

2. Dealing with change

Keeping in tune with rapid technological by way of regular up gradation poses serious
challenges for business. Cloud vendors because of their scale of operations and wide client
base always ensure that technological developments are integrated into their service
portfolios at the earliest.

In addition to above, scalability, security etc which are constant concern of every business
can be well managed by way of using cloud services

3. Focus on core

By availing cloud service in areas where it has not core value proposition, a company can
keep its key personnel can focus more on producing value and innovation for the business.

12. Who can use Cloud computing?

Cloud computing paradigm and its range of services is potential enough to wide range of
services and can meet the needs of business of all sizes and variety. Here are examples.

1. Cloud computing in start ups: Start up companies needs industrial strength and
contemporary technological infrastructure to commence their service offerings. However,
investing upfront for that infrastructure may be prohibitively expensive or even may be risky.
Cloud vendors can provide them with minimal infrastructure set up and allow them to scale
up as they go further.

2. Cloud computing in companies with existing IT infrastructure. A rapidly

growing company may be stretching its current IT resources to the limit. Planning and
procuring additional technologies cost in terms of time and investments. Cloud vendor can
offer technology as well as software as service to the company in scalable fashion. This helps
company to buy in required quantities and pay only for that.

13. Conclusions

In this presentation we provided a brief introduction to the emerging field of cloud

computing. Cloud computing is way of provisioning computing resources on need basis. The
paper showed the potential uses of cloud computing are many and every kind of user can
benefits from it. Cloud computing needs to be explored further to extend its usefulness.

14. References
1. www.google.com

2. Cloud computing by Andy Bechtolsheim.

3.Cloud complete survey by F5 networks.

4. http://aws.amazon.com/ec2/

5. dastikop.blogspot.com