r

.LA ATMOSFERA. y sus PROP!éOADF.S

. .

,ce I
I

I
I
I
90 1 TERMOSFERA

.e 1

t
1
r 1
l
cí 80
r E
:g
''
r -:?o ''
::,
70 ''
r >-
~
...J
60
''' \
MESOSFERA

r < \
\
r 50
\

I
1
1 ·!
r I
I

r 4()
l..._
/ b"
I
I
T
r . ·--: ~ t b
I/ .,-3 ."ti'
.-:~-· 30
~ ESTRATOSFERA
r /~.,.._d' .,o
I
r

t
20 1
1
r 1

10
r :ROPOSFEAA
r
- Temperatura O 150 200 K 250 300
í
Presión ot__-----;;---:----¡"n---1155>X
5 1 10 N/m
1·0-
Densidad ··o L..__ _ _.:__¿-=:-;--,n---~1.s
,5 kg/m 1,0 1

Vcloc. sonido L------;~

200 250- - - - 3 0 0300
~ ~ ~ ~ 3 5 0·
mlscc

Fig . 1.3. Variación de las magnitudes físicas de la iltmósferil.

r
r
r

r-- ..:·.
\

Trayectoria \ . ~-.. : ,.-_

r
r e i~--~_,,~:'~~ó~%~~~\\---- _ri-/
r ./i
¡ ¡ ¡ ) ..__ ..
/'1/a{~--
_:::1/,<~zy-:,. ~~-·-~:;f:t~~~~~ .. "---
_J \

o.
1.
Agua.
Calentamiento d!)I terreno.
0

4, . - Zona ele montaña.

5. Zona de tormentas.
. --
·-·
2. Terreno. ~ . G. Ascensos.
3. Monta/'i(J.
7. . Descensos . .

r-·.
Fig. 1.5 .
( . -:.:: __
Esquema de l.:i tril'fCC:toria de vuelo de un avión. en fu.nción de los
mov im ientos irregulares del aire .
r¿-,_.::
-=--· ;.~.:~:,..~-~. _: - . --- .
... .- ....:·;-:.:..:·
!,;.. -.•.·-

r--" ~ -~::,....:¡~~T""'.~ ~
.......... .:.:..~ ..
. ::..- :.-:- -.·..:,~~..;_~:#i~-~-~.~ ~,~:=;-
·, · .·-~ --- .. -- _ --·;;...:,·: _:;..
 ,......_

\
· .. ·.:
. _ :.- '°'
32 ELEMENTS OF AIRPLANE PERFORMANCE --· · - ~---.· ...--......
. ..
•· . ·- : .· "
í
1
.. .: . .
chemicol lemperolure dislribulion ionizolion i
composi !ion
1
solar 1
oclivil y,
-i
I
degree of
1000 I ionizolion
al litude,
km helerosphºere lhermosphere ,.....,_
500
l.00
F1I ,...._
300 ,
F2-loyer
200 ionosphere 1
1herma sphere
E/
_.,. F1-loyer
100 homopouse ---
E-loyer
mesopouse ---1-____.....c._.....!:!D::..!-loye•..:.r_ _~
50 mesosphere ,.....,_
20 s lro topo u!. e----4
h_omosphere slralosphere
10 tropopause---
troposphere

1
-100 · O 100 2CO 10 6 10 10 10 11 10 12
tempera lure ,ºC electrop densily, rrf"J

F1GUl1E 2.1-1. Arranooment ol atmo:ipher1c l.iyors

18
weighl = 1800kN
ollilude. ,.....,_
km
,,...._

l. Ir
2500kN
,e,

10 "'-===•
320kN
'°'
.___
200kN
6
~
3DkN
"
~
20kN ,........,
2
~ 2kN
o L-----5~0-0_ _ _ _1_00_0_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _~2~000
0
oirspeed. km/h
,......_
FIGURE 1.3-3. Typlcal lllght velocttl_e_:i and attltud<?,

· -•¡• ,.....,,

cruise

lending
lokeolf

FIGURE 1.S--1. Typlcal Jllohl pn.asas

 ...-. \ ... ··.. - :•.''\
.....
verlicol slobil izer
ell'\,Olor rudder 1
1
oileron
1
• !

,,....._

lell wing

FIGURE 1.8-1. Baslc alrplane componenls

,,.......

,,....
,,....

,,....... c . llools
o. lricycle ( nosewheel l b.· loil wheel

FIGURE 1.S-3. undln¡¡ ¡¡enr lyp<?!!

,,....

primory control
iixe<l surfoce ---.¿u,rioce .

,,.......
~-------
FlGURE 1...8-2. Balai1C8 and \rim tab

.,......,_
-~·:: ---~--·. . .. ~-.;.:...:...:.:.::;.;;~2:~~
-: ~ -1r..:,_<::._'.,._-'T~ ,;.<:;;":.l :\,,.. - ••••.-::•.:i.;·..,;~••·; .::-~:-=-~ ,,~·..,...:-=~-"': •• ..;,..Y ~ ~ ; i t _ ~~
 SUPEílFICIES DE CONTROL
•

FUSEL/\JE ~

GRUPO MOTOR ~ , . C~LA

CONJUNTO DE

1 m<Ú. 1 • RU(;OA. DE C~LA

., ~;(i!ll., : surt:flFICIES DE CONTROL

,.....;,,'¿¡
·,>~
~
. .
ACA %' !';lJPEF\FICIES
CONTROL

TREN DE
ATERRIZAJE

,,,......

Forma básica del .ivión.f

LAIIGUEHO
MéOIO LARGUERO POSTERIOR

COSTILLÁ CENTRAL

' SOPOHTi: PAR,'\ OEPOSITO

----
.-.__
PERFIL ANTIGUO

PERFI:.. SUBSOI-IICD
'
COSTILLA
INTERIOR

·· PLACA DE
E).l'f:R/'10 D: COMBUSTIBLE

SOPORTE bEL ALEROl-1

,,,....
PEAFI~ SUBSONICO AVANZ,."\DD REFUERZO

PERFIL: SUPERSDNICC
VACIA()Q DE ., ,,,......
AllGEA.t-1·,IIE/.ITO

Fig . 3.7. Tipos de pe1iiles de _~ ~ -- -

,,.....

,-

r
?Ano

,-

Fig . 3. .3. Es tructura de un avi.ó n monocasco. r'

J . 3 . 4. Deta ll e de líl estrucrurn de un fuselaje scmimonocasco. r

 ) ) . ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ') ) ) )

:,t'!h~~-f.~~:/l·~'r:~~1¡;-;;r~~..,..,., ,....,,,1~ -~~'-.i,t..t~"r"t'l "f"l"-11 - ... ... ....., ,~'"l"\"'CT"'1't"'Jl"'~~- ~ ~d!;..IQ,c . 1Ut i , :0 . C t , W4 ¡¡¡p ld .t
0
oC=:»,i.U.. ' \:_ _ __

:\¡ti f ·.• J~ :t".-~1..,-,•'1· ... ,~ !f,t"";t• • •1 n • -·· """'l'•,•-·•: •~ ·':t...,,~<t,.,~":"..... ...-...... _ -~ · -· ·

-· __ _____..,

r,c,_.5' EL rull., . vu,rvf;I

,:·
\ ·
\

~-~-,~;';mmt = ¡,:¡:(-:.! -~ p¡;:J =

- --=-~!fg
--
1
~
1"-·~ ·~ .
~
-~
---1
,.1
::.
~
-~
Á{T../ -P.(t JJO'{
tJ-1)<7 1-'PPO'<hd
"U'-' P.f[J/(}t(
,J/;'J vrloodxl
r

,,ffrAi'RlJIOi
~~./J Vc/,xidto' -~:.,

~~
!;
,-;r::
-~=.::=:-:r~--:-,., .~.,..,.,~
...:r'
- / 1\_.../'
4~i ~
~-=
p { %/' V} ~ {ol(STAIITc

¡ 1 •..../
:,, ,-:,..._1.-. !,,,.,.,._. ..,.,,, "}VTU"'.':" 1 /,,l'r-:1.., ~,,.;,,.~¡.,"?'T_...b--, h JlP\RACIOY {fa"(IMAI? SDMl ll ALA l'l (IN NAo'f(U)!°LO
1/4 ,,-,;-.u,'# <',11,.y, do ,;.:.,:, ,,.,;¡, ' ."""°..,, clo ,~ c r l c h t ~ ~ ,c;c.6 l'/b'JIOJJ MIM/f>f,/
r;,; I
(l'!' ~--T .
C.11'1 t,,,,rz: DI. nwo vV11J.W? "tlOOW l'fAX!MA .-.!Abl>t'I NI na.o M.'/JO?JI
,7'"'2 no10
l'f.07{ ¿V ú;YJ ú1fl1 l/.1ill i'l (){JAcLUll.1.lf/Jo
nux,,4Cf{L('IN/)O
r/(1.,IJ l.i,11,r.i:? .'D,r.l l'{ l\)"4 C:1-'ll tt7!i[ 1Y..

r
fWtJ ~-,ql /L,17D
----::::

~ ~ A ti.( TI'A,,,.'_"lf(¡QJJ
.5/,K<r.Ol IJl l .AlA
r,,,,..u,,,r, tÑ-,,<
C:l•'lJ l/'111;! 1Y.lVM {1,,tJt!T,I~ ,t.,{ll(,Utl'il
Afrz (I.OU.--r1,'t·,4.q
(.>f .((CR,J/{.fLl,OA n,fblA'L¡yt;(
SLl'Jl~J(/0'( {.)1(//'hV/

g
T7b. 7 tl t-19,uP,1/,.,b d,/1
e,~ ~ , ,, """' /¡,'ff(l Tt>(!J,'/l,.r,,J,
t= rM'/h#r,-,r:,·, , (J IVA

,fe- b:J;_J
F .:r. cril,to ¡~ m.-c,pn.~

ílCJ T.i~t:'S!(,;:)Y ti! u {MI U,'f/ T[

,'i'(. -1 &7c,-c N L'1 ;;,'A.J"J: c,..,..,. -~ff tt. ll. ~./n r.r1trc1PAl

7'!,'.W,(J(.r.,-.·
{.Ar.1.-:~

\ r¡r;a 5l lll9'CJ(>'{ l/V1llfM S 1rt REA ~R(MOA

¡;¼d;,-.f,- r:J;, ~ ::rl>'MD
•
~~-
? :::.r7:::=.:::.;___,-.......a.,n-aE!J~..1· ~
----t<--
"'o/~~"'-

T>l/n'V.Krl
A' f.>:, ..,,,.u,
•Y.O/\(_l 1f.tM(,f."fl{ fl'r.J
/l 17(,1.,() l'.\~:Afl ~ ' ('t2" ~~~"

Rnb""~c.i:n {A-~tJr,l,l/.,4

; ·-·-
 ______ ___..
Airfoi l lií1
coefíicicn1, c 1
~
•

Anglc of ~lt~ck, a --

Figure;,. JO Comprc.~sibilil)' Effl·rl on Airíoil Lin Curve Slope

sloll poinl
oltoched llow .seporoled llow

~ cLmox ·
,.:..

11

FlGURE ~.2-4. Typlcsl el-a, cd-a, cm -a curves 101' camber&d alricll

AERODYNAMH.; !:lA:>Q o::,

~ • .•,e trie.
twisl e
I
,...

lip

X-ax is
wing spon b

FlGURE ~..2-6. Wlng 11.rea '· ·'·

FIGURE 4.2·5. Wlng Q<><Xnelry
J
(

1903 Wrighl

1912 RAF-6
¿;=============-

e--
_____ ~
- ;•.. ·.,
1935 NACA 23012

1939 NACA 16-209

•· ,.•

c___===----------
__
c::::::::_____::::::-:---..._..=::
- ~
.
•:1;· ! ...{, . - ·

_.c::,,....

1
19 15 RAF-15
191.5 NACA 6Li-215
.1
1922 Clork y
~ 1953 Wodrnon /
·i
¡
FX1057-Bl6

~
1
1928 Gollingen 652
¡
1955 SL'pe!'SOOÍC

:-
1923 RAF-'8
~ -
NASA
1970 supercritic.ol
~ 1
,....

C.:· :· ~ :!::-:---------..:.::
1933 'NACA t.L.15 ~ -: : ~?S NASA GAW-2

. ...
· - : :: . ..
'1
f'.'!GU8E .U-1. Hlstorlcaf rovlew oí aJrtoQ shapeca . .
.. .: _,.J 'i ~ ',-· .. :... .
• 1
r
z
r
r
r
r o

r
1:1mien1 to me:in line

r chord e

r kading edge tr:iiling edge

X=O . X=I
r
r Zc = CZ: 0 + Z 1)/2

r Z, = (Z,, - Z. 1)/2

figure J. l Definilion oí Airíoil G~omctr:

r
r -------- ------- --- ·--- --- ------------·--··· .. ·- -- --- -- -
,· ..

r
,,......
1903 W~i9hl

1912 RAF-6
==
e ---~
= - 1935 NACA 23012 _e ==-==------
r 1939 N/\CA ló-209 C:
_______
::::-::----,.._~-

r 1915 RAF-15 < ::::::_-_-_-_-_- ~ 19LS NACA 6lr 215

r 1922 Clork Y < Worlroori

1953 FX1057-8l6 :
1
r 19:?R Gol lir>S)'?<l 652
~ 1955 supers.:v,ii:.

1929 RAF-l.8 e ~ NASA

1970 superc1·;-col ·

r
1933 .NAC.A l l 15 e-
------
r-tGUflE 4 .2-1. Hlslo1bt rovlew or elrfoU - - ~
· 1975 NAS/-, GA11·-2

r - -- -·
r s\oll poin\

~◄t·~
~--
' ~.,r:,
1~ ~
1 el mox
1
1
1
1
r
r
,,.....,_

r
,,......

,,......
,....__

r
 ......._

I
......._

X-axis
wir,g spon b

.
·- -- -_ _ _ ____ . Y-axis

0 ~le r
FIGURE 4.2--6. Wlng area ; .,.
f l GIJRF ,1 2.5_ Wln{J gcomctry

lin, 1 __ acr0J yna 111ic force, f

1
¡,i1ci,ing 111oment, m
)

__ !:~·_t..c.3_.2_D_t_fi_n_i1_iu_n_u_í_S_,_·c_1_i_o_o....;(_A_i,_-r_u_il'- rc_·c_s_:,_11_J_~_l_u_n_1c_n_1_ _ _ _ _~
i _F_o_
✓

la.!i..!L:u E ~ Jl.ill!I!.!:.ll I n 1 T ow Sp,;,;¡I i':; 1.C.-\.....:\irfoil Da1:i fn.L.Sl.ll.ruH.!l...l..cn.ili!l~.1~s

( No1e : 0~ 12 rcprcduceú from Reicrcncc 3.1 (or R,-., =9 ;.: JO"J
~,
- --. --·---- ------- --------------- --- ----- ----------- ---- -------------
,\ir foil no Cmw C¡_ :X,, Uc ...... C¡_~ a.
(dcg) ( 1/dcg) (úcg) (dcg)
-----------------------------------------------·------------------=:==
o
0006 o Ó. !OS 0.250 9.0 o.n 9.0
0009 o o O. 109 0 .250 1J .-1 1.32 11 .~

¡ 408 -OS -D .023 O. 109 o.::so 1~ .o t.J.S tú.O

J 14 10
1412
- 1.0
-1 . 1
-0.020
-0.02.S
0. 108
0. 10:3
0 .2-1 7
0.252
1,1.3
15 .2
1.50
1.58
1 !.O
12.0 ........

2-112 -2 .0 -D.0•17 ·0 . 105 O 2-17_ 16 .S 1_(¡ ~ 9 .5

2-115 -2 .0 -0.0•19 0. 106 0 .246 16.-1 1.63 -10.0
2,11 S -2 .J -O 050 0. 103 0 .2~ 1 l•I 0 1 ,17 10.0
2 !? 1 - 1 s - O QJO o 103 (l ?-i 1 16 O 1 ,¡7 so
2~24 -1 8 -O 0·10 00% O;:; 1 16 O 1.29 -s.4
2301] -1 .•I -0.01•1 0 . 107 0 .20 1s.o 1.79 12.0
23015 -1.0 -0.007 O. 107 0.2~3 1s.o 1.72 !O.O
2301 S -1 .2 -0 .005 0. 10-1 0.2,1:; 16.0 !.60 1 1.8
23021 -1.2 o 0. 103 0.233 15 .0 1.50 10.3
2302~ - o. ·'tl o 0.097 0.23 1 15 .0 1 •10 9 .7

64-006 o u O. 109 0.256 \! .O O.SO 7.2

6~-009 o o 0. 110 0.262 11 .0 1.17 10.0

lí,1 !--01 o o 0. 111 0 .162 l•U l..!5 11.0

6-1 ;-21 -1 .J -0.027 0. 113 0.262 15 O ~
1.55 11.0
6-1¡--11 -2 .6 -0.065 0. 11: 0.267 15 .0 · 1.67 8.0

M--106 -1.U - 0 .0-10 0.110 O 25] 12.0 un 8O

6~-209 -1 .5 -0.0~0 0. 107 0 .26 t 1-:i .O 1.-10 3 .9
6•1-210 -1 .6 -0 .0~0 0.110 0.253 1·1.0 l.•I 5 10 .S

6•1A010 o o 0. 110 0.253 12 .0 1.23 10 .0

6-IA2 !O -1.5 -0.0<lO 0.105 0.251 .13 .0 1.44 10.0
64 A4 10 -3 .0 -O.OSO 0. 100 0.25<l I 5.0 1.61 10 .0
..
6-1 1.-\212 -2 .0 -0.0•10 0. 100 .0 .151 14 .0 1_5.¡ 11 .0
6-1zA215 -2 .0 -0.040 0.09:5 0.252 15 .0 1.50 12 .0

~ ~-_;___fuukfj OÍJÍQ!J~UQQ[~j!: . u b l ; J i ~ ~ S
 Ufl
r 2 • - ~ - ~ - -Á
- l_U _O_/l- - - - - . - - - - ,- , Cocríicic11l,
-, CAfl ✓J - l

l .O - ' • ... •r - n ).JI\Cft t.51 ·7 1J

1
J ~ - C1 .. ,.,

,...,, e
-~ •- - - + ----<
,,..... e,
,-.

,-.
-. -,
·-, 2 .____,___.__...____,___.__
- 1.2 - 4 - O 4 lJ
_.____.___IL
12 u. zo )4 ~ Angle of
r 4
, DfC
o
Allr1ck , n. dcg
r
figure 3.3:i Figure 3.3b
r Lift Cocíficicnt Versus /\nglc of Generic Plot of Lifl Coefricient
Allack for Two Ai1-foils Versus An le of Altack
,-.

,.... -) Sou rce: Reí. 3.4, M=0. 15, · RN = 6.0x!0c'

Drng Design lift
coefíicient , cd coefficienl · ·

r .o,
--
---
--
o G'AI\J)-Z Al~rOIL;
N~U, ,.. ,i:ro1L
N.AO .). J.'iTOll
N•~ .- ,~ro,t
... ,,
210,z
f • O.U
,,,-.,1
ir
,_... •
.O ◄

,,..... .O.l

:· C¡
o
N4C.A .ZJOtl
1 1
¡¡ /
1
r .Ol
NAO '-$, • Al~
j¡\ 1/

,_ -- ...._ \\ r - N.4.c.A 4,4.IZ

-~/,/ V
,--
0 1 ·~ ti--
- -
-~ ✓-·
..Y...e: V
~- ·,- Lift
o /
-., -... a u JO l .4 Cocfficient, c 1
l.
r
figure 3.4n figure 3.41.J
Lift Cocmcient Versus Drag Gcneric Plot of Lift Coefficicnt
r-- _}
Coefficient for four Airfoils Versus Dra Coefficient
r
.,....._

.Sou icc.: P-.d. :, .1\, l\l::;,(_l. ! '.'í. RN - 6.0.x 10

6 o ~ C¡ +

o,~~,
r-
·~ ,.
~
c,,11:, . . 11 t
Ctn n 1~
~ (l
o +

r--

r
Cm º r- fl
/l
or Cnln
t
Cm,._u
7
,.......,
Fir.111·c 3.51, Gcncdc Plot: of
l'i!c:l1i11g l\'1omcnt Cocfficrcnf.
J7igur·c ] .Sa l'itching IVlomcn! e or. ·rr·1n!'t1
· t , ,r.,··-,·.t."., T,ifl Cocfficicnl nnd
r- PI~ts ror T\" o
L _ _ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ : __ _ _ ___,___Versus
Airíoils _ An le of Allack
 •

- ·----··- - - - - - - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - ··-··-·- ·-··
NACA TR /,60 /\nd 6?.B

J
1
.·.,i
. ;::J

--e=:::::>- 0025

~
-- -- 1206

◄ 209

◄ 212
----=---
1J06

◄ J09
...e:::::------
◄ 312
~

.../
....e:=-::::--- ..e:=:::------- -<===::---- .. <=====--,.:
---=---
1106

ilQ.~!
...e::

------ ..e::::=:=-
◄◄ IZ 1512
◄ 506
-----.
◄ 509
e:::::=:-----
1612
-==--
'1606
«:::::::===...,,_
e::=::=--
e::=::::----
◄ 609
e::::::==--

e=:::----
◄ 706

◄ 709

◄ 712

-<==>=-~
1218 1318
·
, ◄ 518 ~1110
~
16I~
◄◄ IS

◄ 718
◄ 515
~5
◄ 715
-e==::::,,-
--C::::::,--C:::::::::,- -C:::::::::,- -<=::::::--,- ..C:::::=--
162 1 .
- ~
1221 1321 1121 ◄ 521 1721

T'lovi1 J.-N.A .C .A . 1.lrfon pn,t\1-..

- - NA . C. A f~:•y
1
1
·¡
1
1

Rn,ic ord; r,n l r.J o/ N.A. C . A . fomilv c i r'follt (pr.rc.c 'll o/ c.}.o,-d')

1
1 ª"-·•I
:,.., . . . .. 1 !1• I -"l"l••l'-'l
1
l.:-•
l. tH
1
iu o:o •
,_
1
·,. ~ 1. l"l"ll I" l'° I"
L 1IC'ID t....,,_, :'° .•.
,. oen j 'C\ tal
•.Jn
l'O
7.fl:"1
I,;,
l. IC"'I
. . .. i""
ll"Tl 1..ua Ll11
1
.9'1I CI

l...X . ra.dh:..i., ( , IO.

 r

•
Source: Ref. 3.4
r Lift
r 24----,------------- ,,,J. lf::r':: !r..
Coeffic ient,
o C~ (L./J ·l.
r o >JACA ~ S, - ZIJ C¡
,,......
r

.8
r e, ac,
4
aa = = a
_J C¡"

r _J
-.$

r -, -,
1

r
·- , . 2
- LZ -8 -.4 o . ,~ 1 o
a , O[G
8 LZ r.J 2 .. ~ Angle of ,
. Attack, a , deg i
Figure 3.3a
Figure 3.3b
Lift Coefftcient Versus Ancr!e of
r
o Generic Plot of Lift Coefficient
Attack for Two Airfoils \ -· ersus Anule of Attack

Source: Ref. 3.4, M=0.15, RN = 6.0xl0Ci

Drag Design lift
coefficient, cd coefficien t
I o CAC\JJ-Z AIRFO ll; t • O.U ,+
r ......_.;.....,---'-¡--'-1
-- ----i N .4 0. ,41J?FO/l '-•ll
.!]j 1 .I . ,· ~-- N,lCA A l .~F"OIL ~5, - '4-JZ
--s ') . i j . .¡ _. -.. - ,'.UC.,. ,:.;;?FOIL . ZJo :¿ .
.¡
~ _,. _<) A 1 ! 1 1 1 1
1 1 1 1· 1 .
1 1 1 1
.03 1 1 1 1
'· • .....:....._~º·----;.--;--+--.c..__i__._---:'--~c---'--:-'-+-~--'--~
;._

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r Lift Coefficient Versus Drag Generic Plot of Lift Coeffici_ent
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Figure 3.5a Pitching .l'Vloment Coefticient Versus Lift Coefficient and
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REPORT NO . 069-NATIONAL ADVIBORY COMMIITEE FOR .AERONAUTICS

TABLE III
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U . 00
l&.C:X,
21.00 , .
1.1
l. &

3..'I
l 11:1. l;11113t -2.3 , 100 .~ . OOI\S -.010 1.0 7 771 71 .f..:4 .0071 10.89 12.00

•• ...
,.,.
N.A.C.A..43>15 .. RSlO . . A D 12 04 A. l l -1.3 , 101 .18 .0070 -.OIS 1.2 251 211S 4.37 . 0071 13..3& 111.32 U.00 _ S.7
N . A. . C.A. . 430lA . . RIIO .. A E12 F.4 C S:3 -2. ◄ ,006 , 11 . 0078 - . 013 1. 1 211S .f..XI .OO'i"'II 16.03 11.to 1&.00 3. i
N'.A . 0 . A. . 53012 .. RO IO.. A 012 DO A. &.3 I. M -3.5 . 100 . 40 . 0075 -.033 2.7 u 3" 4. 34 . 00117 11. Q.1 s,i; 12.00 S. $
N . A.0 . k63011 .• ROlO .. A El2 El A &.2 1.03 -3.4 .cm , 15 . OOR> - . OaJ 2.1
• 204 21S .f.. 2.fi .0081 14.04 12. H 11. 00 5..5

, Ty¡,e ot cho.-d. Seu-et.,..noe t•. ( TR 611) ( TR 6 )

•TypeoíJ)r'flllalrtdlstrlbuUoo. Sce)efertnco1'a.
j Type of so.lt eft'ec:t 00 rn.ulmwu IHt:. A tiKa lnes pnu::tlClllly 00
Jlsca1e el'f~t. 1'or olhN" dni¡nallon.,, ~-o rtre~nc.'9 4.
( TR 586 , Fig;, 44 )
t Type of Wt<UCVt peak u showa In the sk"C'lches :

/:- /;··, /c' /~

1 Turbultbee r.C'tot Is 2.8'4.
" . Correction ·oc previonsly pu blished data.-The im- 2. Tho data o[ group 2 aro uncorrccted except Ior
r- portant previously publishod airfoil data from the those corrections described herein as having been
variablc-density tunnel may be placed in five groups as appliod to al! publishcd data. • Tlui other corrections
regards the corrections needed to mako the dsta com- should be applied in the arder listed.
parable with those publishod herein. The fiye groups,
~d _the corrections necessaty, aro as follows: 3. The data of groÚ.p 3 are partly corrcctod. Tho
corrections to seotion characteristics aro satisfoctory
- -:-.:.:_::~ . : CLASSÍFICATION · OF · puBLISHED AIRFOIL DATA except fer the m&XimUIIJ.. liít coéfficien t, which shoúld
· ·-,:·:·:::: ·;;·;: _- FROM THE N. A." C. A. VAIUABLE-l)ENSITY WIND
,-. ~-c .. -.~J..-TUNNEL · ·· ·
be increased an additional 4 peréent:· · A correction, no
longar considerad justifiable, has beén applicd to the
. ·Publ.lshed SOW't."e aerodynamic~enter position aµd may be removed by
. shifting the· published positions back írom the leading .
. edge by 0.005c áñd. by doú°biiñj{'thciº'viirtical . dista.ñca.'
c...,
botwecn tlie aerodynamic~enter position and tho chord
line . .. The _profile:drag _cbefficien~ ,-may be·. corrooted.-0 --.,--:: ' •• -·:-·:<·¿'é/::
fer the support'_interference and the revisod correction : .,"',:-~.'e:.,·:~:·.,-·
to · the : effectiv~~eynolds :_,N umbéú by;: the: follo,vfug~·-/¡.\:~~t~~-;
ío_rnl:ula: · :f ~.·-· :_-S:~f.t;~>:.~;i~
~-~;:;.:-~~;-t\~~¿~~:) ·::."2~~~i;:~::~~~~: ... '.:: f :.~~:~-~;i~~~:;; _
..í f T~~i d~~ -of ~J~ ::1~·~r~~nc6rrec.ted except fer
· . . : / ! . -: }i:º}:(~~;:¡~?·º~-~!/.~~~-~~)__,. -.>P::..··\~:~·:··.·\}i;:
., ".~\..i/:..~(\~-
'· .-..
.' • ;· .: .. -· ~~ '· :·· ::.:·~-=~·~?.~-~;":··•_":-!1:~-'C·:!.-'..: !J~;: · : -:-.;~, - -;..1:.. •• ~!.'.':;."'
ose~; as
córrectións-.: describé<l '" herein :. having · ºbeen
ppÍiid :tó":'áll-:published' Úta'.~,:;"11i/·oiher: correétions
.hóÜld -~e 'appÍied in' ihe·· ~rder listcd." ,These data e.re -:~:;~t~S~~~~~t:t;~~~~~;.¡;~~'.r.t;f~c;<r-·
~~1{~~i
.,,.·,.
._.
4. The only correction nee<led for the data of group·4
.... .,., ... ,.,_,.,,_,_-.,, ' bject te{ a .correciión arising from a consistent error !!! ~~ ·. ~orre~tion to ·tho· profile-drag- éoefficiento ¡;:.,-~.,_
·" ·: ~; --': -:·. 1:~-;c---=- · · measuring.. the .dynamic ·prossure: H considered of
in equation (1). .
: · - ; ..;,;; · ,~,.'" aufficient importa..-i.ce; these data may be c·orrccted by
5. The data of group 5.necd U:;;cómiotioiis. -·_:
---~-~~~..--.:>1-21·.fü.changing tho ~oients 1.o· c¿r~espond to · a reduction Tho de.ta of the moro important publications ·-ª~º
· ~:_:.-~:_:-:' i~~/~~ :.: ~;;:;foe!d:
. .. . . •--2--.- •:· .. -- .
8
1t!:\t~sste·
... .--:-. r
of 0.5 percent. (See classified in the followhlg _t_ab_lo . .. - \ :·.:: .. . ' - ·: ·. - .
. -· ~.

:t,~~~:~i~~J,;}':~,'.:M:~'.~i: ·,:
,1:._:!·~·-.1F.t,::.._;S~-Q.--: ~~-=J•::_1_._ ·~:JJ~-:-~~ -.:~-:,..: -
...... !-·.? ...
. . ..·- .. ·•
• ~~- -· , . • !
':'y -•:-: ; .•: ~.. ,,
·<"~!~~.{?~·:~;;:
- •
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.·:" -,~ ,::~~;_:,~§r~:
·: •- ,;:- ._. ,_ .,..

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