PILMUN MMXIX

SECURITY COUNCIL

ACADEMIC LEAD

“The breach of the

Paris Agreement
means a terrible
damage to the
environment and
threatens the
world's peace and
security”

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Presentation

Honorable delegates, we would like to give you a cordial welcoming and greeting to the
second edition of Nuestra Señora Del Pilar Chapinero United Nations model: PILMUN
2019
We are Juanita Galeano and María González from 11th grade and it's a pleasure for us
to be your presidents of the Security Council committee.
We really hope this become a great opportunity for all of us to make a good research
and investigation looking forward to an active and fully successful debate. We also
expect you to learn, discuss and take an active part in the committee.
We are sure through hard work and compromise we are going to reach the right path
about how to handle those important agreements and we all can make the security
council the most dynamic committee over the model.
Please don't hesitate to ask us any doubt that you have, we will be more than pleased to
give you rightly all over the process

Cordially,

Juanita Galeano.
juanita.galeano2000@gmail.com

María González.
mgm2517dfc@gmail.com

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Introduction to the committee

The Security Council is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations, this has
the responsibility of maintain the international peace and security, it was created on 24
October 1945. They have in their power the establishment of sanctions, peacekeeping
operations; through resolutions, the authorization of military action and in cooperation
with the United Nations General Assembly, the election of judges of the International
Court of Justice.
The Security Council is the only UN body with this type of authority, all nations member
must to lock on to the council decisions.
The Committee is conformed by 15 members, five are permanent members:

-China
-France
-Russian Federation
-United Kingdom
-United States
And ten which are non-permanent members elected for two years, these are
-Bolivia
-Ethiopia
-Equatorial Guinea
-Kazakhstan
-Peru
-Poland
-Netherlands
-Sweden
-Kuwait
-Côte d’Ivoire

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TOPIC
“The breach of the Paris Agreement means terrible damage to the environment and
threatens world peace and security.”

The Paris Agreement entered into force on 4 November 2016, it groups all nations into
a common cause to do hard efforts to combat climate change and reduce it´s terrible
effects in the future.
The Paris Agreement main aim is to strength and increase the global response to the
threat of climate change keeping a global temperature below 2 degrees Celsius.
By the other hand the Agreement requires all parties to give their best efforts through
nationally contributions and strength these efforts, this also includes requirements that
all parties report regularly their emissions and on their implementation efforts.
This Agreement includes crucial areas indispensable to combat the climate change,
some of the most important aspects are:

 LONG TERM TEMPERATURE GOAL (article 2)

This goal consists in limiting global temperature increase to well below 2 degrees
Celsius while the temperature limits to 1,5 degrees Celsius.

 GLOBAL PEAKING AND “CLIMATE NEUTRALITY” (article 4)

In this, Parties aim to reach global peaking of GHGs (Greenhouse gas emissions)
recognize peaking will take more time to developing country Parties, in order to
achieve a equilibrium between anthropogenic emissions of air pollutants into the
atmosphere and removals of GHGs in the second half of the century.

 MITIGATION (article 4) this point establishes bindings in relation with

communicate and maintain a Nationally Determined Contribution and pursue
demanding measures to achieve the goal of the Agreement, it means the

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 compromise by the Parties shall communicate their Nationally Determined
Contribution every 5 years and furnish clarity and transparency information.
 On the other side developed countries will have to continue to take the lead of
reduce wide economy targets at the same time developing countries will have to
continue reinforcing their mitigation efforts and are encouraged to focus on
wide economy targets over time.

 SINKS AND RESERVOIRS (article 5)

The Agreement also boosts to conserve and enhance sinks and reservoirs of GHGs
as referred.

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 How would affect
the international
peace and safety the
breach of said
agreements?

According to a
sending report by
IPCC scientists to
guide leaders at the
UN conference, it
says: "the world will
experience food
shortage and forest
fires even more frequently, as well as the massive decadence of Coral reef in the
premature time of 2040- a period located within the lifetime of the majority of the
world's population-.”

With this it is highlighted that the committee focus on the world's peace and security,
which means if any country breach or abandoned such agreements IT PUT ON RISK the
future safety of the population's delegation. It should be noted that it is a long-term
damage and if it does not start now, the consequences will be serious for humanity.
Climate change is an important global issue that affects us all.

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QARMAS

1. What is your country position on the Paris Agreement and why?

2. When did your country join to the Paris Agreement?
3. What does your country think about how would affect the climate change to
itself and to the rest of the countries?
4. Does your country comply with the percentage required by the treaty?
5. Does your country agree to give a monetary sanction or an economic blockade to
the country that does not comply with the treaty?

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 GLOSARY

Thread: 1. a statement that someone will be hurt or harmed, esp. if the person
does not do something in particular.
2. the possibility that something unwanted will happen, or a person or thing that is
likely to cause something unwanted to happen.

Furnish: to supply or provide something needed.

Removal: the act of taking something or someone away from somewhere or something.

Pursue: to follow or search for someone or something, in order to catch or attack that
person or thing.

Binding: (esp. of an agreement) not to be avoided or broken.

Pollutant: a substance that pollutes.

Greenhouse gas emissions: The gases in the atmosphere that absorb radiation are
known as "greenhouse gases" (sometimes abbreviated as GHG) because they are largely
responsible for the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect, in turn, is one of the
leading causes of global warming. The most significant greenhouse gases are water
vapor (H2O), carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O),
according to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). "While oxygen (O2) is the
second most abundant gas in our atmosphere, O2 does not absorb thermal infrared
radiation," said Michael Daley, an associate professor of environmental science at Lasell
College in Massachusetts.

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

 https://www.nytimes.com/es/2018/10/08/onu-cambio-climatico-2040/?
rref=collection%2Fsectioncollection%2Fnyt-
es&action=click&contentCollection=acuerdo-de-
paris&region=stream&module=stream_unit&version=latest&contentPlacem
ent=4&pgtype=collection
 http://www.un.org/es/sc/members/
 https://es.weforum.org/
 https://dictionary.cambridge.org/us/
 https://www.livescience.com/37821-greenhouse-gases.html