Sheet (4 )

One-dimensional steady-state heat conduction

with internal heat source

1. A plan wall 7.5 cm thick generates heat internally at the rate of 0.33
MW/m3. One side of the wall is insulated, and the other side is exposed to an
environment at 93 oC. The convective heat transfer coefficient between the wall
and the environment is 570 W/m2°C. The thermal conductivity of the wall is 21
W/m.oC. Calculate the maximum temperature in the wall.
2. Consider the shielding wall for a nuclear reactor. The wall receives a
gamma-ray flux such that heat is generated within the wall according to the
relation:
q = qo . e-ax
Where, qo is the heat generation at the inner face wall exposed to the gamma-ray
flux and 'a' is a constant. Using this relation for heat generation, drive an
expression for the temperature distribution in a wall of thickness L, and its inside
and outside surface temperatures are maintained at tj and to respectively. Also,
obtain an expression for the maximum temperature in the wall.
3. Consider the one-dimensional wall shown. The outer surfaces are exposed
to a fluid at 25°C and a convection heat transfer coefficient of 1000 W/m2°C., the
middle wall B experiences uniform heat generation qB, while there is no
generation in walls A and C. the temperature at interfaces are t1=260 oC and
t2=210 oC. Sketch the temperature distribution that exists in the composite under
steady state conditions. Also determine the volumetric heat generation qB.

KA=25 W/m2 °C
KB=15 W/m2 °C
KC=50 W/m2 °C
LA= 30 mm
LB= 30 mm
LC=20 mm
4. A plane wall is a composite of two materials, A and B. The wall of
material A has uniform heat generation qB= 1.5 × 106 W/m3, kA = 75 W/m oC,
and thickness LA =50 mm. The wall material B has no generation with kB = 150
W/m °C and thickness LB = 20 mm. The inner surface of material A is well
insulated, while the outer surface of material B is cooled by a water stream with
T∞ = 30°C and h = 1000 W/m2 °C.
i- Sketch the temperature distribution that exists in the composite under steady
state conditions.
ii- Determine the temperature the inner surface of material A and the outer
surface of material B.
5. An aluminum alloy electrical cable has K=190 W/m oC, a diameter of 30
mm, and carries an electric current of 230 Ampere. The resistively of the cable is
2.9 µΩ.cm. Calculate the maximum temperature in the cable, if the surrounding
air temperature is 15 °C and the air heat transfer film coefficient is 10 W/m2 °C .
6. Consider a long resistance wire of radius r1= 0.2 cm and thermal
conductivity k=15 W/m2 °C in which heat is generated uniformly at a constant
rate of q= 50 W/cm3. The wire is embedded in a 0.5 cm-thick layer of ceramic
whose thermal conductivity k= 1.2 W/m oC. If the outer surface temperature of the
ceramic layer is measured to be 45 °C, determine the temperatures at the center of
the resistance wire and the interface of the wire and the ceramic layer under steady
conditions.