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TITLE OF BOOK
Theory and Reality : An Introduction to the Philosophy of Science
PROGRAM PASCASARJANA
DEPARTEMEN LINGUISTIK TERAPAN BAHASA INGGRIS
UNIVERSITAS NEGERI MEDAN
2019
PREFACE
By expressing gratitude the writer thanked Allah SWT who with his
generosity has provided the opportunity for the writer to be able to complete this
Critical Book Review task.
In this writing, the writer conducts a review by criticizing a book, in which
the hope of the writer with this work is expected later readers will benefit the
readers and those who enjoy quality books.
The author compiles this Critical Book Review, realizing that this critical
book review is far from perfect. Therefore he expects suggestions and
constructive criticism. For the attention of lecturers and friends caregivers of
Curriculum and Learning, the authors say thank you.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pages
PREFACE.................................................................................................................
TABLE OF CONTENTS.........................................................................................
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION...........................................................................
CHAPTER II SUMMARY......................................................................................
CHAPTER III STRENGTH ..................................................................................
CHAPTER IV WEAKNESS...................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Bibliographic Information
Year : 2003
City : London
ISBN : 0-226-30063-3
CHAPTER II
SUMMARY
Empirical experts such as Locke and Hume insist that experience is our
way of knowing what the world is like. Kant argues that thinking involves a
process of interaction between experience and prior knowledge and our task is to
understand space, time, and cause and effect that cannot be derived from
experience, because one must have basic concepts of empirical views to avoid the
influence of thought passive.
The logical positivist language theory is the theory of meaning verification. This
theory aims to find out the meaning of a sentence and know how to verify it. if a
sentence does not have the correct verification method then it means that the
sentence does not exist. Then the sentence needs to be interpreted properly in
accordance with its meaning, then testing is carried out in an effort to find out
whether something is true or false.
We see that logical positivism argues that the main purpose of science is to
track patterns in experience. Logical positivism is formed when a scientist
conducts experiments by making structures that cannot be observed in the world
that we can see. Similarly, scientific language is only meaningful if it only has
patterns in the flow of experience and entities can be observed to help us choose
patterns in the observable realm. And if parts of the theory cannot be observed
correctly then it is considered incorrect.
WEAKNESS
The weakness of this book is actually in the concept or language. but the
weakness in this chapter is the difficulty in understanding the essence of the
discussion of this chapter. I think some readers will probably have difficulty
understanding the language the writer uses in interpreting the thoughts expressed
in the book. To understand this chapter, it takes longer because most writing uses
vocabulary that is rarely used, making it difficult for readers to get important
messages from this book, as a result the possibility of losing the purpose of the
message to be conveyed by the author will be very high.
CHAPTER V
IMPLICATION FOR
1. This book can be used by anyone to understand the basis of the philosophy
of knowledge theory and reality, this book is very good to be used to
understand thoroughly how the formation of knowledge through the
process of proving an experience into a concept and is believed to be used
as a theory that can be verified through the hypothesis testing process.
2. he implication for the development of learning models in Indonesia is very
suitable to be applied in improving the ability of Indonesian academics to
apply a logical empirical approach in each of their research, so that the
truth value and validity of a research can be accounted for, in other words
by applying a logical / empirical model of thinking will reduce bias and
confusion from research conducted so that when applied in daily life can
also be applied well.
3. for writers, the critical review of this book provides me with the
understanding that writing scientific papers is systematic so that the same
can be learned from this task, to always try to do each task by using
reliable literature in making scientific ideas and must with a concrete proof
process through the use of appropriate methods.
CHAPTER VI
1) Conclusion
After studying this book, I realized that this chapter discusses historically
from the formation of knowledge to the aspects of changing knowledge and how
knowledge can be trusted and used as a theoretical basis. The discussion of the
topic of this chapter is actually detailed but it is difficult for me to understand the
meaning of the word by word, so I need to carefully interpret and perceive the
intent conveyed in this chapter. this book is recommended for us especially
University students who want to increase their understanding of logical thinking
and with logical thinking, we as part of English literature scholars in
understanding literary learning can know the true picture of the origin of English
knowledge.
2) Suggestion