Air Conditioning

CONTROLS & NORMAL ABNORMAL
AIR CONDITIONING 1 of 77 OVERVIEW

INDICATORS OPERATION OPERATION
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Welcome to this presentation

covering the Air Conditioning
system on A320 Series
aircraft.
Like the majority of the aircraft
systems, the air conditioning
system is fully automated and
requires minimal attention.
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SECTION - OVERVIEW MAIN MENU
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Two computers carry out the

air conditioning system Sensors and Controls
automation.
These computers are referred
to as air conditioning system
controllers.
They receive inputs from
aircraft sensors and cockpit
and cabin controls to maintain
the desired temperature
throughout the aircraft.
LANE 1 LANE 2 LANE 1 LANE 2
They then issue instructions to
various valves and their
respective pack.
Each controller has two

independent channels to
provide redundancy.
They are referred to as lanes.
One lane is active, the other PACK 1 PACK 2
lane is available as a backup.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
A320 Series aircraft are

equipped with two air
conditioning packs located in
the belly, just forward of the
main landing gear bay.
NOTE: It is a little known

fact that PACK is an
acronym for Pneumatic
Air Conditioning Kit.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Each air conditioning system

controller is responsible for its
associated pack.
We will primarily cover only
those elements of the packs
that you can control or
monitor.
LANE 1 LANE 2
LANE 1 LANE 2
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Pack 1 Anti-Ice Valve

We will start with the pack flow
control valves. Hot bleed air Pack Bypass
from the pneumatic system Pack Flow Valve
enters each pack via these Control Valve

Temp
valves. These valves adjust Compressor
Bleed To Mixing
the rate of air flow through the Primary
Air Turbine Unit
packs. Temp
Heat Temp
Main
Exchanger Heat
These valves are normally
controlled by the respective Exchanger
air conditioning system
controller but can also be Pack Air Pack Air
controlled by the crew. Inlet
Outlet
LANE 1 LANE 2
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ

After the bleed air passes
through the pack flow control Pack Bypass
valve it enters the primary Pack Flow Valve
heat exchanger. Control Valve

Temp
Compressor
The heat exchanger uses Bleed To Mixing
ambient air to cool the bleed Air Primary Turbine Unit
air. Temp Temp
Heat
Main
Exchanger Heat
Exchanger
Pack Air Pack Air

Inlet
Outlet
LANE 1 LANE 2
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ

The air conditioning system
controllers control the pack Pack Bypass
outlet temperature by Pack Flow Valve
modulating the pack air inlets Control Valve

Temp
on the belly of the aircraft. Compressor
Bleed To Mixing
This adjusts the amount of Air Primary Turbine Unit
ambient air flowing through Temp Temp
Heat
the pack heat exchangers. Main
Exchanger Heat
The ambient air is expelled Exchanger
through the outlet located
further aft on the belly of the Pack Air Pack Air
aircraft. Inlet
The crew can neither monitor Outlet
nor directly control the inlets
or outlets from the cockpit.
To avoid ingestion of foreign
objects, the inlets and outlets
automatically close during
takeoff and landing.
LANE 1 LANE 2
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The cooled bleed air then

enters a compressor where it
is compressed and the Pack Bypass
Valve
temperature increases. Pack Flow
Control Valve
The air is cooled again in the Compressor
Temp
main heat exchanger and Bleed To Mixing
enters the turbine section Air Primary Turbine Unit
Temp
where it is allowed to expand, Heat Temp
cooling the air even further. Main
Exchanger Heat
The energy extracted by the Exchanger
expansion is transmitted by a
shaft to spin the compressor. Pack Air Pack Air
Inlet
The removal of heat during
Outlet
this process reduces the
temperature of the air,
resulting in a very low pack
outlet temperature.
A ground cooling fan mounted
on the turbine shaft ensures
air flow through the heat
exchangers when ram air flow
is not sufficient (e.g., ground
operations).
LANE 1 LANE 2
It is not depicted here and this
is the last time it will be
mentioned.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ

The compressor and turbine
are sometimes referred to Pack Bypass
collectively as the Air Cycle Pack Flow Valve
Machine (ACM). Control Valve

Temp
Compressor
Bleed To Mixing
Air Primary Turbine Unit
Temp Temp
Heat
Main
Exchanger Heat
Exchanger
Pack Air Pack Air

Inlet Air Cycle Machine
Outlet
LANE 1 LANE 2
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ

A key tool used by each
controller to control the output Pack Bypass
Valve
temperature of each pack is Pack Flow
Control Valve
the bypass valve. Temp
Compressor
The more warm air that this Bleed To Mixing
valve allows to flow around Air Primary Turbine Unit
Temp
the air cycle machine, the Heat Temp
warmer the pack outlet Main
Exchanger Heat
temperature will be.
Exchanger
Pack Air Pack Air

Inlet
Outlet
LANE 1 LANE 2
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The BLEED page can be used

to monitor the operation of key
components of the pack.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ

The position of the pack flow
control valve and the flow rate Pack Bypass
Valve
are depicted. Pack Flow
Control Valve
Even though the valve Compressor
Temp
modulates as necessary to Bleed To Mixing
provide the appropriate flow, Air Primary Turbine Unit
Temp
the valve is either depicted as Heat Temp
open, closed, or in transit. Main
Exchanger Heat
Exchanger
Because it is the area most
prone to overheat, the pack Pack Air Pack Air
compressor outlet Inlet
temperature is also displayed. Outlet
Pack Flow
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ

Pack bypass valve position is
displayed. This valve is Pack Bypass
Valve
commonly misunderstood. Pack Flow
Control Valve
Basically, if it is cold outside Temp
Compressor
and a warm cabin is selected, Bleed To Mixing
the valve moves to the open Air Primary Turbine Unit
Temp
position (H – hot) to allow Heat Temp
some of the warm (not hot) Main
Exchanger Heat
bleed air to bypass some of
the cooling cycle. Exchanger
If it is hot outside and a cool Pack Air Pack Air

cabin is selected, the valve Inlet
moves to the closed position Outlet
(C – cold) to allow the
maximum amount of air to be
cooled by the pack.
And finally, the pack outlet

temperature is also displayed
on the BLEED page.
This is the temperature of the
air as it exits the pack.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Now that you are familiar with

basic pack operation, we will
discuss how the air is used.
Conditioned air from the
packs is provided to a mixing
unit.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The mixing unit in turn feeds

three separate aircraft zones:
the cockpit, the forward cabin,
and the aft cabin.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ

controllers monitor the
temperatures in the three
zones and use this
information to control the
outlet temperature of the
packs.
The controllers determine the
coldest required zone
temperature and command
both packs to provide air that
is that temperature.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Because the packs produce

the coldest air required, the
controllers must use another
tool to control the temperature
in the three zones. TRIM TRIM TRIM
Hot air is tapped directly from
the pneumatic system and
routed through a hot air
pressure regulating valve.
HOT AIR
PRESSURE
This hot air is then provided to
three trim air valves that are REGULATING
also controlled by the air VALVE
conditioning system controllers.
The trim air valves open and
close as necessary to warm the
cold pack air to reach the
desired temperature in each
zone.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The system also incorporates

two cabin fans. They provide
recirculation airflow from the
cabin back to the mixing unit.
This reduces the bleed air
demand through the packs
resulting in fuel savings.
An emergency ram air inlet is

located on the belly of the
aircraft. It can be used to
direct external air directly into
the mixing unit.
It may be used for cabin
ventilation if both packs fail or
to assist in clearing cabin
smoke.
Now that you are familiar with
the basic design of the air
conditioning system we will
move on to the controls and
indicators. LANE 1 LANE 2 LANE 1 LANE 2
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Air conditioning system

indications are provided on
four different ECAM pages.
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SECTION - CONTROLS & INDICATORS MAIN MENU
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
On the CRUISE page the

temperature in each of the
three zones is displayed in
degrees Fahrenheit.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
On the CAB PRESS page the

packs are represented at the
bottom of the page.
They are normally shown in
green and white.
If a pack flow control valve is

closed and the associated
engine is running, the
respective pack is displayed in
amber.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Now we move on to the

BLEED page where there is
much more to talk about.
The lower half of this page is

dedicated to the pneumatic .
system and is discussed in
the Pneumatics lesson.
Indications for the packs,
mixing unit, aircraft zones,
and ram air inlet are displayed
on the upper half.
Let’s take a closer look.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Both packs are shown. We’ll

take a closer look at them.
PACK 1 PACK 2
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The pack flow control valve

and pack bypass valve are
displayed at the bottom of the
pack.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
If the valve is normally closed,

it is depicted cross-line green.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
If the valve is closed but its

position disagrees with the
commanded position, it is
depicted cross-line amber.
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If the valve is normally open, it

is depicted in-line green.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
If the valve is open but its

commanded position, it is
depicted in-line amber.
This valve is unique amongst
air related valves in that the
ECAM also shows the amount
that a pack flow control valve
is open using the pack flow
indicator.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The pack flow indicator is

depicted on the BLEED page
as you see here.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The digital pack compressor

outlet temperature readout is
normally green.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
It changes to amber if the

pack compressor outlet
temperature is excessive.
An ECAM message would
also be displayed.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
You can monitor the operation

of the bypass valve. This
needle is always green.
If the needle is more to the
left, the valve is more closed
resulting in colder pack
output.
The more to the right the more
open the valve, allowing more
hot air to bypass the air cycle
machine resulting in hotter
pack output.
Just remember C for cold and
H for hot.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The digital readout of the pack

outlet temperature is normally
green.
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It changes to amber if pack

outlet temperature is
excessive.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The mixing unit and the three

zones are depicted at the top
of the BLEED page.
They are normally green.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The mixing unit is displayed in

amber if both pack flow
control valves and the ram air
inlet are closed.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The ram air inlet is also

depicted on the BLEED page.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The various possible RAM

AIR valve indications are
displayed here.
Even if the inlet is open and in
agreement with switch
position it is displayed in
amber.
This highlights the fact that a
deployed ram air inlet is not a
normal aircraft configuration.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The lower half of the COND

page displays information
relating to the cargo hold
ventilation.
It is discussed in the
Ventilation lesson.
The upper half of the COND
page displays the hot air
pressure regulating valve, trim
air valves, zone duct inlet
temperatures, and zone
temperatures.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The hot air pressure

regulating valve is labeled
HOT AIR.
It can be displayed in the
various ways you see here.
The valve is displayed in
amber when selected closed
by the crew.
Although it is in agreement
with switch position, it remains
amber to highlight that this is
an abnormal configuration.
NORMAL OPEN, DISAGREES

OPEN WITH CONTROLLED
POSITION
NORMAL FULLY CLOSED, DISAGREES

FULLY WITH CONTROLLED POSITION
CLOSED OR SELECTED OFF BY PILOT
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The trim air valves are depicted

to the left of the HOT AIR
valve.
Let’s assume the crew has set
the controls for 70° in the
cockpit and 72° in the forward
and aft cabin.
The packs will provide 70° air
because that is the coldest
temperature requested.
The trim air valves add hot air
to increase the temperature as
necessary. Closed. Only cold pack air Partially open. Adding hot air to cold
is directed to the cockpit. pack air to warm the aft cabin.
In this example, the FWD and
AFT trim air valves are partially
open to warm the respective
zones to 72°F.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The COND page also displays

the zone duct temperature.
This is the temperature of the
air as it enters the zone.
The COND page also displays
the actual temperature in each
zone.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Zone inlet duct temperatures

are normally shown in green.
They change to amber if the

zone inlet duct temp exceeds
a preset limit.
The actual temperature in

each zone is always displayed
in green.
FAN is displayed if the

respective recirculation fails.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
We now move on to the

overhead AIR COND panel.
Most of the controls on the

bottom of the panel are
associated with the pneumatic
system and are discussed in
the Pneumatic lesson.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The guarded RAM AIR pb is

used to open the ram air inlet.
Advance to open the ram air
inlet.
The ram air valve will be

discussed in more detail in the
ABNORMAL OPERATION
section.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The PACK 1 and PACK 2 pbs

control the associated pack
flow control valve.
Advance to select pack 1
OFF.
Pack 1 is now OFF and the
valve is indicated closed.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The FAULT light in a PACK

pb illuminates if any of the
following occur:
• Pack flow control valve
commanded position.
• A pack compressor overheat
is detected.
• A pack outlet temperature
overheat is detected.
The valve closes automatically
if an overheat is detected.
In this example, a pack
compressor overheat has
been detected.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The PACK flow selector

allows the crew to select a
desired pack flow.
Three settings are available:
LO = 80% of normal flow
NORM = normal flow
HI = 120% of normal flow
This information is provided to
the air conditioning system
controllers, not directly to the
pack flow control valves.
We will look at the use of this
selector in more detail in the
NORMAL OPERATION
section.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The three zone temperature

selectors are used to adjust the
desired temperature in the
respective zone.
For reference only:
COLD = 64°F
12 o’clock = 76°F
HOT = 86°F
This information is provided to
the air conditioning system
controllers, not directly to the
trim air valves.
Individual cabin zone
temperatures can be adjusted
via the forward attendant panel
+/-5°F from the cockpit
selected temperatures.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ

regulating valve may be
closed using the HOT AIR pb.
Advance to see an example.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ

regulating valve is now
closed.
This causes all the trim air
valves to also close, thus
limiting the ability of the
controllers to adjust the
temperature in the zones.
The HOT AIR pb should only
be used when directed by a
specific procedure.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The FAULT light in the HOT

AIR pb illuminates if a duct
overheat is detected.
If that occurs, the valve closes
automatically, causing the trim
air valves to also close.
One of the ECAM steps would
be to select the pb OFF.
Advance to select the HOT
AIR pb OFF.
With the pb selected OFF, the

FAULT light extinguishes
when the overheat condition
no longer exists.
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The last air conditioning

control we will discuss is on
the VENTLATION panel. OFF
The CAB FANS pb can be

used to control the
recirculation fans.
The cabin fans run any time
AC power is established.
Advance to select the CAB
FANS pb OFF.
Both recirculation fans have

stopped and are displayed in
amber on the COND page.
This completes the CONTOLS
& INDICATORS section.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
You have just arrived at the

aircraft. The APU is running
and powering the aircraft.
APU bleed air is not being
used.
During the preflight of the
overhead panel it is normal to
see the FAULT lights in the
PACK pbs illuminated.
This is because the pack flow
control valves are closed due
to lack of air flow.
That is currently the case
since the engines are not
running and APU bleed is not
being used.
You should also see lights out

on the VENTILATION panel
during the preflight.
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SECTION - NORMAL OPERATION MAIN MENU
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Now let’s provide some air to

the packs.
You wouldn’t normally do this,
but we will display the BLEED
page for academic purposes.
Notice that both pack flow
control valves are closed due
to the lack of air.
Advance to select the APU
BLEED pb ON.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The APU bleed valve opens

and immediately supplies the
left side of the system.
Normally, after a brief delay,

the crossbleed valve would
open automatically to provide
air to the right side of the
system.
We have stopped the process

here to point out a few things.
Pack 1 is now operating and
the FAULT light in the PACK 1
pb has extinguished.
The mixing unit changes from
amber to green.
Advance to observe the right
side being supplied.
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The crossbleed valve is now

open.
Pack 2 is operating.
Notice that both packs are

providing high flow, even
though the PACK FLOW
selector is in the NORM
position.
controllers automatically
command high flow when only
APU bleed air is being used or
if operating on one pack,
regardless of PACK FLOW
selector position.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
We will now display the COND

page and discuss how the
system controls the
temperature in the zones.
Current temperature
throughout the aircraft is 65°F.
The requested temperature is

76°F in all three zones with
the zone temperature
selectors in the twelve o’clock
position.
controllers react to this
situation by opening the trim
air valves to provide warmer
air to the zones.
In this example, the cockpit

has reached the desired
temperature first and the trim
air valve has partially closed
to reduce the amount of hot
air added to the pack flow.
Trim air valve operation will
continue in this manner to
maintain the desired
temperatures.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
We now move on to starting

the engines, reminding you
again that the BLEED page
would not normally be
displayed.
Advance to rotate the ENG
MODE selector to the
IGN/START position.
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When the engine mode

selector is rotated to
IGN/START, the pack flow
control valves close.
This ensures all APU bleed air
is available for engine start.
If an engine is not started
within approximately thirty
seconds, the pack flow control
valves will reopen.
They will close again when an
engine master switch is
selected ON.
Advance to start engine 2.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Now let’s start engine 1.
When engine start is

complete, the pack flow
control valves open and the
APU bleed air supplies the
packs.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Using APU bleed air during

takeoff increases takeoff
performance because engine
bleed air is not being used to
operate the packs.
Normally, the APU is shut

down shortly after engine
start.
Advance to select the APU
BLEED pb OFF and shut
down the APU.
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The engines bleed valves

open automatically.
The engines will provide bleed
air to the packs for the
remainder of the flight,
assuming no malfunctions
occur.
Notice that pack flow is
reduced now that the engines
are providing air to the packs.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
On flights with low passenger

counts, the PACK FLOW
selector may be set to LO.
This reduces engine bleed
demand and conserves fuel.
With a high passenger count

and high ambient temperature
it may be necessary to select
HI flow and COLD zone
temperatures.
More fuel will be used. Return
to the selector to NORM as
soon as possible.
Refer to your aircraft manuals
for specific procedures.
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We have completed our flight

and are about to leave the
aircraft.
To conserve fuel, the APU
has been shut down.
To maintain a comfortable
cabin temperature in
preparation for the next flight
the ground crew has
connected an external air
conditioning unit.
It is connected via a low
pressure connection point on
the underside of the aircraft.
Air is provided directly to the
mixing unit and then into the
three zones.
There are no direct indications
in the cockpit of whether or
not external conditioned air is
connected.
This completes the NORMAL
OPERATION section of this
lesson.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Now let’s take a look at some

air conditioning system
abnormals.
Anti-Ice Valve
Pack Bypass
Pack Flow Valve
Control Valve
Temp
Compressor
Primary Turbine
Temp Temp
Heat
Main
Exchanger Heat
Exchanger
Pack Air
Inlet
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SECTION - ABNORMAL OPERATION MAIN MENU
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
A pack 1 overheat has been

detected.
We have cancelled the
MASTER CAUT lights for you.
The BLEED page is displayed
automatically.
The pack compressor outlet
temperature is displayed in
amber.
The pack 1 flow control valve

closed automatically. It is
displayed in amber because
its position disagrees with the
switch position.
Pack 2 goes to high flow with

only one pack operating.
The first ECAM step is to
select the PACK 1 pb OFF.
Advance to perform that step.
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Now the valve and switch

positions agree, so the valve
is displayed in green.
The OFF light in the PACK 1
pb is now illuminated.
The FAULT light remains
illuminated as long as the
overheat condition exists.
The ECAM procedure
includes a white condition
statement informing you know
that you may attempt to
operate the pack when the
overheat subsides.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The FAULT light has

extinguished.
The temperature indication on
the BLEED page is now
displayed in green.
Advance to select the PACK 1
pb ON.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Pack 1 is now operating.

The ECAM message is no
longer displayed and the
CRUISE page has replaced
the BLEED page.
If the overheat returns, it may
be necessary to discontinue
operating the pack.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Remember that the air

conditioning system controllers
are equipped with two
channels, referred to as lanes.
If one lane fails, it has no
impact on system operation.
The other lane can provide all
necessary functions.
Advance to fail lane 2 and
watch what happens.
HOT AIR
If both lanes of the same PRESSURE
controller fail, the associated
REGULATING
pack is lost and the hot air
pressure regulating valve VALVE
closes automatically.
This results in the trim air
valves also closing.
Temperature regulation is
degraded and is now
performed by the remaining AIR PACK 1 FAULT
controller by adjusting the flow
and outlet temperature of the
remaining pack.
That concludes the LANE 1 LANE 2
ABNORMAL OPERATION
section.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
In this example, pack 1 and 2

have failed.
The ECAM directs you to
select the packs OFF.
Advance to select the PACK 1
and 2 pbs OFF.
If you haven’t already, you
should initiate a descent.
Let’s assume ΔP is less than
+1.0psi.
Advance to select the RAM
AIR pb ON.
External air is now directed to

AIR PACK 1 + 2 FAULT
the mixing unit for cabin
PACK 1DIFF
WHEN . . . .PR
. . .<1PSI
. . . . . AND
. . . . .FL
. . <100:
. . OFF
ventilation.
PACKFL
RAM
MAX AIR
2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100/MEA
. . . OFF
. ON
Selecting the RAM AIR pb ON WHEN
MAX FLDIFF
. . . .PR
. . .<1PSI
. . . . . AND
. . . . FL
. 100/MEA
<100:
sends a signal to the outflow RAM AIR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ON
valve and the ram air valve to MAX FL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100/MEA
open if ΔP is less than
+1.0psi.
If ΔP is greater than +1.0psi, NOTE: The ram air valve will not open if the DITCHING
neither valve will open. pb is selected ON. The outflow valve will not open if
the MODE SEL pb is selected to MAN.
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Let’s look at some of the air

conditioning system
differences.
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DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Some A321s have a zone

controller that oversees the Sensors and Controls
operation of the air conditioning
system.
Sensors and controls provide
Sensors and Controls
inputs to the zone controller
which sends signals to pack
controllers. PRIMARY SECONDARY
CHANNEL CHANNEL
The pack controllers then send
signals to their respective pack.
Newer aircraft have air
conditioning system controllers. LANE 1 LANE 2 LANE 1 LANE 2
Aircraft with a zone controller
do not have cabin temperature
controls on the forward
PRIMARY SECONDARY PRIMARY SECONDARY
attendant panel. CHANNEL CHANNEL CHANNEL CHANNEL
PACK 1 PACK 2
PACK 1 PACK 2
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The zone controller has two

channels, a primary and a Sensors and Controls
secondary.
The primary channel controls
the air conditioning system.
The secondary channel
provides some control if the PRIMARY SECONDARY
primary channel fails and also CHANNEL CHANNEL
provides temperature
indications on the COND page

CHANNEL CHANNEL CHANNEL CHANNEL
PACK 1 PACK 2
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The pack controllers also

have two channels, a primary Sensors and Controls
and a secondary.
The primary channel controls

its respective pack.
The secondary channel
provides some control if the PRIMARY SECONDARY
primary channel fails and also CHANNEL CHANNEL
provides indications on the
BLEED page.

CHANNEL CHANNEL CHANNEL CHANNEL
PACK 1 PACK 2
EXIT TO
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Some A321s
Instead of a PACK FLOW
ECON FLOW
selector, some A321s have an
ECON FLOW pb.
Selecting the pb ON may

reduce pack flow up to 20%.
On all aircraft, the air

conditioning system will
command a higher flow than
that selected by the crew if it is
necessary for system
operation.
For example, in single pack

operations the remaining pack
A319, A320 and some A321s
will go to high flow regardless
of switch position.
EXIT TO
AIR CONDITIONING OVERVIEW
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
EXIT TO
SECTION - QUIZ MAIN MENU
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The temperature of each aircraft zone

is optimized using….. ?
A HOT AIR valve.
A ZONE control valve.
A PACK FLOW valve.
A TRIM AIR valve.
EXIT TO
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The temperature of each aircraft zone

is optimized using….. ?
A HOT AIR valve.
A ZONE control valve.
A PACK FLOW valve.
A TRIM AIR valve.
EXIT TO
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
Under what conditions should the

PACK FLOW selector be moved to the
LO position?
With a low passenger load to reduce

bleed air demand and improve fuel
efficiency.
With a low passenger load to increase

cabin temperature.
With a high passenger load to reduce

cabin temperature.
In cold conditions to achieve a higher

cabin temperature range.
EXIT TO
DIFFERENCES QUIZ

LO position?
With a low passenger load to reduce

bleed air demand and improve fuel
efficiency.

cabin temperature.
With a high passenger load to reduce

cabin temperature.

EXIT TO
DIFFERENCES QUIZ

HI position?


cabin air flow.
With a high passenger load in hot

conditions in order to help reduce the
cabin temperature.
EXIT TO
DIFFERENCES QUIZ

HI position?


cabin air flow.
With a high passenger load in hot

conditions in order to help reduce the
cabin temperature.
EXIT TO
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The PACK FLOW selector is set to

NORM and yet the BLEED page
displays HI pack flow. How is this
possible?
Pack flow remains at the last setting until

engine start.
The valves are spring loaded to the full

position until engine start.
HI flow is automatically selected

regardless of PACK FLOW selector
position because air is supplied by the APU.
With cold outside air conditions, pack flow

is automatically increased to help
increase the cabin temperature.
EXIT TO
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
The PACK FLOW selector is set to

NORM and yet the BLEED page
displays HI pack flow. How is this
possible?
Pack flow remains at the last setting until

engine start.
The valves are spring loaded to the full

position until engine start.
HI flow is automatically selected

regardless of PACK FLOW selector
position because air is supplied by the APU.
With cold outside air conditions, pack flow

is automatically increased to help
increase the cabin temperature.
EXIT TO
DIFFERENCES QUIZ
You have completed the

Air Conditioning lesson.
Click here to
exit to the main menu.
EXIT TO

Air Conditioning

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CONTROLS & NORMAL ABNORMAL

AIR CONDITIONING 1 of 77 OVERVIEW

Welcome to this presentation

Two computers carry out the

Each controller has two

A320 Series aircraft are

NOTE: It is a little known

Each air conditioning system

Pack 1 Anti-Ice Valve

enters each pack via these Control Valve

Pack 1 Anti-Ice Valve

heat exchanger. Control Valve

Pack Air Pack Air

Pack 1 Anti-Ice Valve

modulating the pack air inlets Control Valve

The cooled bleed air then

Pack 1 Anti-Ice Valve

Machine (ACM). Control Valve

Pack Air Pack Air

Pack 1 Anti-Ice Valve

Pack Air Pack Air

The BLEED page can be used

Pack 1 Anti-Ice Valve

Pack 1 Anti-Ice Valve

If it is hot outside and a cool Pack Air Pack Air

And finally, the pack outlet

Now that you are familiar with

The mixing unit in turn feeds

The air conditioning system

LANE 1 LANE 2 LANE 1 LANE 2

Because the packs produce

LANE 1 LANE 2 LANE 1 LANE 2

The system also incorporates

An emergency ram air inlet is

Air conditioning system

On the CRUISE page the

On the CAB PRESS page the

If a pack flow control valve is

Now we move on to the

The lower half of this page is

Both packs are shown. We’ll

The pack flow control valve

If the valve is normally closed,

If the valve is closed but its

If the valve is normally open, it

If the valve is open but its

The pack flow indicator is

The digital pack compressor

It changes to amber if the

You can monitor the operation

The digital readout of the pack

It changes to amber if pack

The mixing unit and the three

The mixing unit is displayed in

The ram air inlet is also

The various possible RAM

The lower half of the COND

The hot air pressure

NORMAL OPEN, DISAGREES

NORMAL FULLY CLOSED, DISAGREES

The trim air valves are depicted

The COND page also displays

Zone inlet duct temperatures