Reverse Osmosis Plant

By applying a pressure that exceeds the osmotic pressure, the reverse effect
occurs. Fluids are pressure back though the membrane, while dissolved solids stay
behind.

To purify water by reverse osmosis membrane, the natural osmosis effect must
be reversed. In Oder to force the water of the brine system (high salt
concentration) to flow towards the fresh stream (low salt concentration), the
water must be pressurized at an operating than the osmotic pressure. As a result,
the brine side will get more concentrated.

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Process:

TREATMENT SCHEME

 Raw water storage tank :

One no. of raw water is mandatory of storing the raw water having
appropriate capacity.
 Raw water supply pump:
A horizontal centrifugal/open well type of pump designed using
stainless steel / CI help in supplying of desire raw water to pressure
sand filter unit. This raw water supply pump also provide along with
our machineries.

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  Pressure Sand Filter :
Raw water is first filtered mechanism which us a filtration unit in series
prior feeding R.O. plant. Pressure sand filter unit is also provided which
is an efficient method for the removal of suspended matters & turbidity
from raw water. PSF unit it is fitted with bottom collecting system
internally and is a SS vertical pressure vessel. Uniform grades silica
quartz sand is charged on the supporting media of pebbles and gravels.
This unit is fitted with SS frontal pipe work and multiport valve
externally. During services cycle water is passed in downward direction
throughout sand bed, as a result of which the suspendered matter &
turbid partial get entrapped and get separated. Over a period of time,
sand bed gets blocked due to suspended matters which lead to higher
pressure drop and lesser flow. This stage arrives where the filter bed
needs to be backwash.
When pressure drop across the sand bed crosses the specified limit
(0.8kg/cm2)or quality of filtered water determinates , whichever is
earlier. Backwash process involves backwash & rinsing of sand bed as
below. for backwashing function to be carried out, water is allowed to
pass in reverse direction of service cycle to loosen the filtering media
bed. Due to this, entrapped suspended matters detach themselves and
comes out along with water. Backwashing mechanism is carried out for
about 10-15minutes or till the dirty Water coming out is clear.

For Rinsing Of Sand Bed: services water is made to pass in the

downward direction to settle down the sand bed. The effluent water is
drained for about 5 minutes time to ensure all unclear water is drained
down.

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  Activated Carbon Filter
Water derived from natural sours may contain visible impurities , smell
and bacteria in different proportion, which make the water, unfit for any
kind of usage , and hence, it is essential to eliminate the same from
water. If raw water chlorinated for dis-infection, it is necessary to
remove the free chlorine before feeding into R.O. system. The R.O.
membrane get damaged due to chlorine which is a strong oxidizing
agent. Activated carbon is the right solution for eliminating chorine ,
odor & colour by passing the water thought carbon bed. The carbon
granules will specifically absorb organics present in water as they have
large surface. ACF unit is a SSFRP pressurized upright vessel which has
built in extrinsically. A granular activated carbon is charged on the
supporting media of coarse & fine Sand. While treating feed water, it
flows vertically through carbon bed that separates chlorine & bad smell
from water.

As the pressure hold within the carbon bed surpasses the specified limit
of (0.8kg/cm2)or quality or treated water degenerates , whichever is
earlier the equipment it set aside for regeneration .The reconstruction
involves, backwashing & flushing of carbon bed. After repeated use, the
quality of carbon deteriorates . One can keep a keen eye on this through
regular laboratory testing. Specifically regarding the iodine value which
is the most crucial element for this application. It is general practice to
replace activated carbon granules every year.
 Anti Scalant Dosing :
The presence of calcium , magnesium and other hard salts may get
deposited if construction exceeds its solubility limit, damaging the
membranes greatly resulting into scaling that will eventually lead to sub
grade treated water quality from R.O. system. To avoid such situation
this anti scalant dosing (scale inhibitor ) system is set on place .
Generally a (scale inhibitor ) like ASWS 101 or parallel chemical is
mixed in feed water. Dosage rate is 4-5 mg/liter. A HDPE chemical

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 mixture tank with an electronic diaphragm type disposing pump is fixed
for this.

 Micron Cartridge Filter :

Our micron cartridge filter include various series capacities with the 20
micron, 10 micron , 5 micron , 1 micron ,0.45 micron & 0.2 micron
nominal and absolute micron cartridge. This is a disposable cartridge
and after the specified period of use, it should be followed to ensure top
quality of your product water as it comes through the specific filtration
path. There is a possibility of slippages for any particles which can be
stop though the cartridge also 1 micro cartridge . This kind of filter
cartridges will also take care of bacteriological growth up to 1 micron.
 High Pressure Pump:
The water pressure should be accelerated which along though Reverse
Osmosis Process. To meet this requirement a vertical multistage
centrifugal high pressure pump in S.S design is provided R.O. system
demands operating pressure of about 9-12 kg/cm2. High pressure
pump is fixed with S.S discharge pipe system having control valves to
keep a check on pressure. Essential components like a high pressure
switch, pressure gauge and re-circulation valves are all put in place
insuring that the whole system worked safely and methodically.

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  Reverse Osmosis System :
Reverse osmosis system throws out nearly 97-99% of total dissolved
contaminants by the principal of ‘Osmosis’. This equipment consists of a
R.O. module assembly set on top of the S.S skid. A FRP/SS pressure
vessel with high pressure is fitted on the skid that contains spirally
wound Poly Amide membrane elements in order.

The pure treated water coming out of the RO system feed gets divided
into product & reject water streams. The product water is fit for
consumption having minimum TDS. Reject water on the other hand is
highly concentrated water, is absolutely unfit for any kind of usage. Raw
water is first feed to first pressure vessel at high speed and pure water
is assimilated in center core tube. Pure water from every membrane is
gathered in a common product water storage tank .

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  For safe operation of system following instruments are provide on penal

Feed & Reject Pressure

: To indicate respective Pressure of R.O. System.
Gauge
Feed & Reject Rota meter : To indicate respective Flow of R.O. System.
T.D.S. Meter : To measure a TDS of Pure water.
For tripping high pressure pump in case of
High Pressure Switch :
excessive feed pressure of R.O. system.
: For counting working hours of H.P. pump/ R.O.
Time totaliser
system.

Regard,
Shital Patel
+91-9998329175

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