Interpretation of Results

In this experiment, we have learned how to use the Xilinx software in creating a

schematic diagram of the following digital circuits: multiplexer, decoder, encoder and a

demultiplexer. After that, we can now simulate each of the circuit in the software and observe

the results by making a truth table for each circuit.

In the first table, we have derived the truth table of a multiplexer. Also known as a data

selector, a multiplexer functions by connecting one of their input signals to their output signal,

as directed by their “select” or control input signals. They have N data inputs and log 2N select

inputs, and a single output. In operation, the select inputs determine which data input drives

the output, and whatever voltage appears on the selected input is driven on the output. All

non-selected data inputs are ignored. So now we can see on our truth table that whenever the

select input is on logic 0, it selects the data input on X0 to be the output and when logic 1 is

selected then the output will be the same as on X1.

In the second table, we have derived the truth table of a decoder. A decoder transforms

a set of digital input signals into an equivalent decimal code at its output. An inverter is an

example of a 1-to-2 decoder as an input x can produce two outputs, x and x́. On our truth table,

we have a 2-to-4 decoder which has four AND gates. Based on the truth table, we can say that

whichever output line is on logic 1 identifies the binary code present at the input, thereby

successfully de-coding the binary input at the decoder’s output. An additional pin called the

“enable” is also present that allows the control of the output in the aspect of turning it ON or

OFF.
 In the third table, we have derived the truth table of an encoder. Encoder is the

opposite of the decoder to which it takes all its data inputs one at a time and then converts

them into a single encoded output. So, we can say that it converts the logic level “1” data at its

inputs into an equivalent binary code at its output. In the truth table, we observed the behavior

of a 4-to-2 Bit Binary Encoder to which the output lines generate the binary equivalent of the

input line whose value is equal to “1” and are available to encode either a decimal or

hexadecimal input pattern to typically a B.C.D. output code.

In the last table, we have derived the truth table of a demultiplexer. Also known as a

“data distributor”, a demultiplexer is the opposite of a multiplexer to which it takes one single

input data line and then switches it to any one of a number of individual output lines one at a

time. We have derived in our truth table a 1-to-2 demultiplexer to which the signal on the

select line helps to switch the input to one of the two outputs. When the select input is low,

then the input will be passed to F0 and if the select input is high then the input will be passed to

F1.
Conclusion

In conclusion, we have learned to differentiate the four digital circuits by observing its

functional behavior when we simulate their respective schematic diagram on the software

Xilinx. To summarize, a multiplexer has many inputs and one output while a demultiplexer has

one input and many outputs. Meanwhile, a decoder has binary code as an input while an

encoder has binary code as an output.

We have also employed the principles of Boolean algebra and apply basic minimization

techniques as we derived the truth table for a certain digital circuit that was constructed using

equivalent functional block diagram of each basic digital circuits, like the inverter, AND gate and

the OR gate. We have also evaluated the design consideration of each basic digital circuits

through Test Bench, HDL functional module and created block diagram. Therefore, we have

learned how to create a basic digital circuit and represent it as a schematic diagram using Xilinx

ISE and be able to see how it behaves and functions as well as derive its truth table and its

equivalent Boolean equation.