DAILY LESSON PLAN

Lesson no. 1

Date: February 03, 2009 Unit: 1

Course: NSTP Topic: Skin diseases

Objectives:
• To be able to discuss the different parts or layers of the skin.
• To know the different types of skin diseases and their causes.
• To be able to know the interventions in treating skin diseases.

Instructors:

Visual Aids/Scaffolds:
Cartolina/Manila paper
Pictures

Lesson Outline:

I. Introduction
Opening prayer
Introducing oneself
Name tags distribution
Learning contract

II. Practice/Action Song:

III. Catechism
Gospel reading
Reflection

IV. Lecture
Skin
- The largest organ of the body.
Functions of the skin:
1. Protection
2. Sensation
3. Heat regulation
4. Control of evaporation
5. Storage and synthesis
6. Absorption
7. Water resistance
Skin disorders:
1. Scabies
Scabies, also known as the itch, is a contagious ectoparasite skin infection characterized by
superficial burrows and intense pruritus (itching). It is caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei.
Scabies is highly contagious and can be spread by scratching, picking up the mites under the
fingernails and simply touching another person's skin. They can also be spread onto other objects
like keyboards, toilets, clothing, towels, bedding, furniture, and anything else that they might/ may
be rubbed off onto, especially if a person is heavily infested. The parasite can survive up to 14
days away from a host, but often do not survive longer than two or three days away from human
skin.
Sulphur has been used since around 25 AD to treat Scabies. You can find bar soap with sulfur in
the ranges of 1%-10% to kill scabies; it's recommended you go with 6% or above. Wash whole
body once daily for 4 days. It is still recommended that you wash all clothing and bedclothes in hot
water and tumble dry on hot as with Permethrin. However, this treatment is largely ineffective.
2. Fungi
 3. Athletes foot
Athlete's foot (also known as ringworm of the foot and tinea pedis is a fungal infection of the
skin that causes scaling, flaking, and itch of affected areas. It is typically transmitted in moist areas
where people walk barefoot, such as showers or bathhouses.
Prevention measures in the home
Bathroom hygiene
Spray tub and bathroom floor with disinfectant after each use to help prevent
reinfection and infection of other household members.
Frequent laundering
Wash sheets, towels, socks, underwear, and bedclothes in hot water (at 60 °C /
140 °F) to kill the fungus.
Change towels and bed sheets at least once per week.
Avoid sharing
Avoid sharing of towels, shoes and socks between household members.
Use a separate towel for drying infected skin areas.
Prevention measures in public places
Wear shower shoes or sandals in locker rooms, public showers, and public
baths.
Wash feet, particularly between the toes, with soap and dry thoroughly after
bathing or showering.
If you have experienced an infection previously, you may want to treat your feet
and shoes with over-the-counter drugs.
Personal prevention measures
Dry feet well after showering, paying particular attention to the web space
between the toes.
Try to limit the amount that your feet sweat by wearing open-toed shoes or well-
ventilated shoes, such as lightweight mesh running shoes.
Wear lightweight cotton socks to help reduce sweat. These must be washed in
hot water and/or bleached to avoid reinfection. New light weight, moisture wicking
polyester socks, especially those with anti-microbial properties, may be a better choice.
Use foot powder to help reduce moisture and friction. Some foot powders also
include an anti-fungal ingredient.
Keep shoes dry by wearing a different pair each day.
Change socks and shoes after exercise.
Replace sole inserts in shoes/sneakers on a frequent basis.
Replace old sneakers and exercise shoes.
After any physical activity shower with a soap that has both an antibacterial and anti-
fungal agent in it.

4. Acne
Acne vulgaris (commonly called acne) is a common human skin disease, characterized by areas
of skin with multiple noninflammatory follicular papules or comedones and by inflammatory
papules, pustules, and nodules in its more severe forms.
Acne occurs most commonly during adolescence, affecting more than 89% of teenagers,
and frequently continues into adulthood. In adolescence, acne is usually caused by an
increase in male sex hormones, which people of both genders accrue during puberty.
Acne is known to be partly hereditary, but no particular genetic cause has been identified.
Acne is not contagious or infectious. Several factors are known to be linked to acne:
1. Family/Genetic history
2. Hormonal activity, such as menstrual cycles and puberty.
3. Inflammation, skin irritation or scratching of any sort will activate inflammation.
4. Stress.
5. Bacteria in the pores.

There are a number of treatments that have been proven effective:

Hygiene
Topical bactericidal
Sulfur
Antibiotics (erythromycin)
Rashes
A rash is a change of the skin which affects its color, appearance or texture. A rash may be
localized in one part of the body, or affect all the skin. Rashes may cause the skin to change
color, itch, become warm, bumpy, dry, cracked or blistered, swell and may be painful. The causes,
and therefore treatments for rashes, vary widely. Diagnosis must take into account such things as
the appearance of the rash, other symptoms, what the patient may have been exposed to,
occupation, and occurrence in family members.
 Common causes of rashes include:

 Anxiety.
 Allergies, for example to foods, dyes, medicines, insect stings, metals such as zinc or
nickel; such rashes are often called hives.
 Skin contact with an irritant
 Bacterial or viral infection, e.g., by the viruses that cause chickenpox, smallpox, cold
sores and measles
 Fungal infection, such as ringworm
 Reaction to vaccination
 Skin diseases such as eczema or acne
 Exposure to sun (sunburn) or heat
 Friction due to chafing of the skin
 Irritation such as caused by abrasives impregnated in clothing rubbing the skin. The
cloth itself may be abrasive enough for some people
 Menstruation

Intervention/Treatment:
1. For severe acne, prescription medication may be the best to go.
2. For athlete’s foot, use foot powder.
3. For fungi, use ointments prescribed by doctors.
4. To prevent rashes (for babies) avoid using diapers that can irritate the skin.
5. To treat scabies, use sulfur soap.

a. Question and answer:

b. Games and activities:
Assignment: Study our next topic/lesson on dengue and typhoid fever.

V. Closing
Acknowledgement
Closing prayer