1

Percentage 1

A percentage is a fraction with a denominator of hundred.

The symbol percentage is ‘%’.

20
e.g. 20% means .
100

Percentages, fractions and decimals

Examples

1. Change the following to fractions in lowest terms.

(a) 10% (c) 2.5%

1
(d) %
(b) 34% 2

2. Change the following percentages to decimals.

(a) 37% (c) 1.2%

1
(d) %
(b) 73% 4

3. Change the following to percentage.

3
(a)
5
(e) 0.53
3
(b)
4

17 (f) 0.003
(c)
20

(g) 2.3
1
(d) 1
2

(h) 5

Exercise
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1. Change the following to fractions in lowest terms.

(a) 60% 7
(g) %
5
(b) 24%
1
(h) 2 %
(c) 35% 2

(d) 2% (i) 0.4%

(e) 3.5% (j) 0.15%

(f) 95.5%

2. Change the following percentages to decimals.

(a) 36% 3
(f) 1 %
4
(b) 28%
(g) 0.1%
(c) 7%

(d) 13.4% 1
(h) 7
4
1
(e) %
2

3. Change the following to percentage.

1
(a)
4
(f) 2.02
(b) 0.31
25
(g)
1 40
(c)
10
(h) 0.0009
(d) 0.67
3
(i)
7 1000
(e)
8 (j) 7.5

Percentage of a quantity

Examples
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1. What is 10% of $120.

2. Find 25% of 300 m.

Expressing one quantity as percentage of second

Examples

1. Write 24 as percentage of 50.

2. What is the percentage of 20 out of 35.

Exercise

Calculate

1. 30% of $70 4. 2.5% of 5000 people

2. 45% of 2000 kg 1
5. 1 % of £500
2

3. 4% of £ 500 3
6. % of 200 cm
4

Exercise

Calculate the percentage of the following.

1. 17 out of 20
4. 112 out of 200

2. 31 out of 40
5. 3.5 out of 70

3. 19 out of 80
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6. 0.5 out of 1.5

1 1
7. 2 out of 200 8. 7 out of 50
2 4

Increase and decrease of percentage

Examples

1. Increase the following by the given percentage.

(a) 150 by 25% (b) 70 by 250%

2. Decrease the following by the given percentage.

(a) 120 by 25% (b) 1000 by 10%

Exercise

1. Increase the following by the given percentage.

(a) 230 by 40% (d) 75 by 62%

(b) 7000 by 2% (e) 5.5 by 20%

1
(f) by 10%
(c) 80 by 12.5% 4

2. Decrease the following by the given percentage.

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(a) 40 by 5% (d) 75 by 42%

(b) 90 by 10% (e) 22.5 by 20%

(c) 80 by 37.5% 11
(f) by 2%
12
 3. Write the following in order of size starting with smallest first.

1
(a) ,45%,0.6
2 1
(d) 32%,0.3,
3

6
(b) 0.38, ,4%
16 1
(e) 17%,0.16,
6

1
(c) 0.111,11 %,
9

Word problems on percentage

Examples

1. A hockey team plays 42 matches. It wins 21, draws 14 and loses the rest.
Express each of these results as a percentage of the total matches.

2. A doctor has a salary of 18000 francs per month. Her salary increases by 8%.
Calculate

(a) the amount she receives extra per month.

(b) her new salary.

3. A shop is having a sale. It sells a set of tools costing $ 130 at a discount of 15%.
Calculate the sale price of the tools.

Exercise

1. In a container there were 28000 apples. 0.5% of these apples were spoiled.
How many apples were not spoiled?

2. A shop offers a discount of 20% on a TV costing $490.

Find the price after discount.
3. In a school of 1200 pupils 46% of the pupils are the girls.
Calculate the number of girls and boys.

4. The price of a jacket costing $40 is reduced by 20%.

What is the new price?

5. The charge for a phone call costing 20 cents is increased by 10%.

What is the new cost?

6. A rectangle has dimensions of 30 m by 20 m. If the length is increased by 105 and

width is decreased by 5%. Find the new dimensions.

7. There are 360 students in a school. 25% of these students eat eggs for breakfast,
15% eat fruits and 30% take milk.
Calculate the number of students

(a) who eat eggs.

(b) who eat fruits.

(c) who take milk.

8. In a football club there are 240 members. Out of these 30% are strikers, 50% are
 midfielders and the remaining are defenders. Calculate the number of players

(a) who are midfielders.

(b) who are strikers.

(c) Who are defenders?

9. In 1987, the population of a town was 48700 men and 16000 women.
What percentage of the total population were men?

10. In 1998, there were 21 280 000 vehicles on the road. Out of these 1 648 000 were
private cars. What percentage of the vehicles were private cars.?

11. In an Island there are 2500 vehicles. 30% are cycles, 50% are bicycles and 10% are buses.
Calculate the number of cars, cycles, bicycles and buses where cars are the remaining
vehicles.