The Faculty of Medicine – 2nd year – Homework 1

Series _________ Group _________

Full name ___________________________________________________________________
Disorders of Bones and Joints - Vocabulary practice

Exercise 1. Match the following terms to their proper definitions.

a) orthopedics b) gout c) Pott’s disease
d) osteogenic sarcoma e) fracture f) alkaline phosphatase
g) osteoarthritis h) osteoporosis i) ankylosis
j) nucleus pulposus k) osteomalacia l) arthritis
m) ankylosing spondylitis n) herniated disk o) Paget’s disease
p) anti-inflammatory agent q) osteomyelitis r) diskectomy
s) chondrosarcoma t) nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

1. An enzyme needed in the formation of bone.

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2. A chronic, progressive inflammatory disease involving the joints of the spine and
surrounding soft tissue. Most common in young males.
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3. Immobility and fixation of a joint.
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4. Drug that reduces inflammation.
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5. Inflammation of a joint.
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6. A malignant tumor of cartilage.
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7. Progressive deterioration of joint cartilage with growth of new bone and soft tissue in and
around the joint.
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8. Surgical removal of a herniated intervertebral disk.
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9. A break in a bone.
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10. A form of acute arthritis, usually beginning in the knee or foot; caused by deposit of uric
acid salts in the joints.
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11. Protrusion of the centre (nucleus pulposus) of an intervertebral disk into the spinal canal.
Pressure on nerve roots causes pain.
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12. Drug that reduces inflammation, but is not a steroid.
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13. The central portion of an intervertebral disk
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14. The study and treatment of disorders of the skeleton, muscles, and associated structures.
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15. A malignant bone tumor; osteosarcoma.

 The Faculty of Medicine – 2nd year – Homework 1
Series _________ Group _________
Full name ___________________________________________________________________
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16. A softening and weakening of the bones due to vitamin D deficiency or other disease
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17. Inflammation of bone and bone marrow caused by infection, usually bacterial
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18. A condition characterized by reduction in bone density. Most common in white women
past menopause.
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19. Skeletal disease of the elderly, characterized by thickening and softening of bones and
bowing of long bones; osteitis deformans.
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20. Inflammation of the vertebrae, usually caused by tuberculosis.
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Exercise 2. Match the terms in each of these sets with their definitions. Write the answer
according to the example.
Example:
1. acetabulum c. socket for the head of the femur

1. acetabulum a. bones of the ankle

2. axis b. bones of the wrist
3. phalanges c. socket for the head of the femur
4. carpals d. second cervical vertebra
5. tarsals e. bones of the fingers and toes

6. metacarpals a. anterior bone of the pelvis

7. patella b. facial bone
8. pubis c. kneecap
9. zygomatic d. bones of the hand
10. occipital e. posterior skull bone

11. osteoclast a. outgrowth of bone

12. periosteum b. deficiency of bone tissue
13. exostosis c. cell that destroys bone
14. osteopenia d. bone projection at the elbow
15. olecranon e. fibrous membrane around bone

16. malleolus a. spinal tap

17. myelopoiesis b. displacement of a vertebra
18. spondylolisthesis c. bone projection at the ankle
19. ankylosis d. immobility of a joint
20. rachiocentesis e. formation of bone marrow

21. meniscectomy a. removal of part of a vertebra

22. lordosis b. removal of knee cartilage
 The Faculty of Medicine – 2nd year – Homework 1
Series _________ Group _________
Full name ___________________________________________________________________
23. scoliosis c. partial dislocation
24. laminectomy d. sideways curvature of the spine
25. subluxation e. curvature of the lumbar spine

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Exercise 3. Rewrite each sentences so that it contains the words in capitals, so that the
meaning stays the same.
Model:
I expect this beach will be deserted. SHOULD
I should think this beach is deserted.

1. This climb is possibly dangerous. COULD

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2. Arthur is sometimes really irritating! CAN
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3. You can’t borrow my car! WON’T
 The Faculty of Medicine – 2nd year – Homework 1
Series _________ Group _________
Full name ___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
4. How about going to the theatre instead? COULD
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5. I don’t think Harry is likely to resign. WOULD
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6. I’m sure this isn’t the way to Norwich. CAN’T
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7. It will be all the same if we gave up now. MIGHT
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8. Please turn off the light before leaving. SHOULD
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9. Do you want me to turn off the oven, or not? SHOULD
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Exercise 4. Use appropriate modal verbs and infinitive forms. In some sentences there are
two possibilities.
Model:
It’s not raining so heavily now. It … (clear up) soon.
It might clear up soon.

1. You … (not copy) from others during an examination.

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2. Tom … (not be) hungry now because he has just had breakfast.
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3. I don’t know what the trouble is. They … (be) here by now.
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4. The students are asking whether they … (leave) early the day before the holiday.
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5. I … (go) to the bank to make a deposit. … (you come) with me?
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6. You … (take) the clothes off the line before it starts to rain.
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7. I … (not write) to him because he phoned me shortly afterwards.
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8. We … (not, wait) long. A bus came along at once.
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9. … (you, make) so much noise?
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