Pole slip protection:

ANSI 78PS (for motor)

P&EC/T&i/ Nov. 2006

Plan_ANSI 78PS_motor.ppt
 Pole slip: ANSI 78PS for motor
Objective
„ Detection of the loss of synchronism
between synchronous machine and
network.
V E’
network M „ The analysis of transient stability is
Xd
studied during a brief period
following a sereve disturbance :
→
• network short-circuit
I → Load
ϕ V
• high load variation
„ Drop in electrical power at the
δ → terminals of the motor, still driven a
jXdI mechanical load
=> motor deceleration
→
E’ „ 2 detection principles:
• equal-area criterion
• power-swing criterion

P&EC/T&i/ Nov. 2006

Plan_ANSI 40_motor.ppt
2
 Pole slip: ANSI 78PS for motor
Equal-area criterion
3EV
Active power Pe = sin δ
Xd

„ For example, the disturbance is a 3-phase

Α2 short circuit
Mechanical
power „ Before the SC the internal angle is δi

Α1 „ During the SC, V = 0 and Pe = 0

The motor decelerates
δ A1 is the deceleration area
δi δf
→
„ At δf the fault is cleared
→
I
ϕ V The motor accelerates
A2 is the acceleration area
δ →
jXdI
„ If A1 < A2 the case is stable
→
E’ If A1 > A2 the case is unstable

P&EC/T&i/ Nov. 2006

Plan_ANSI 40_motor.ppt
3
 Pole slip: ANSI 78PS for motor
Equal-area or power swing criterion

Active power
Unstable case:
Area A1 > Area A2
Α2
Mechanical The angle keeps increasing
power The machine continues to
decelerate and synchronism is
Α1
lost.
δ

Active power
inversions

P&EC/T&i/ Nov. 2006

Plan_ANSI 40_motor.ppt
4
 Pole slip: ANSI 78PS for motor
Choice and settings

„ Equal-area criterion :
• Conventional application
• Time delay = 0.2 to 0.5 s

„ Power-swing criterion :
• Number of turns fixed by the designer

„ Both:
• For advanced users
• Time delayed equal-area criterion to let the other operate

P&EC/T&i/ Nov. 2006

Plan_ANSI 40_motor.ppt
5
 Pole slip: ANSI 78PS for motor
Competition : mho characteristic and blinders
X „ Going out of the mho characteristic allows
tripping
R
„ If the apparent impedance of the motor
passes between the 2 blinders during a
certain time and in the mho characteristic, a
loss of synchronism is detected.

„ The difficulty is to set the time to pass

between the 2 blinders and the mho
blinder characteristic.

Mho characteristic • Multilin : CEX - CEB

P&EC/T&i/ Nov. 2006

Plan_ANSI 40_motor.ppt
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