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Free online calculation tools for
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Eurocode 3
Table of design material properties
for structural steel
Description:
Design aid - Table of design material properties and mechanical properties
for structural steel including density, yield strength fy, ultimate strength fu
and elastic modulus E
According to:
EN 1993-1-1:2005+AC2:2009 Sections 3.2.1, 3.2.6
Supported National
Annexes:
No Nationally De ned Parameters (NDPs) in the calculation

Tables

Material Design Properties for Structural Steel S235, S275,

S355, S420, S450, S460 according to EN1993-1-1 §3.2.6
Material Property Value

Density ρ ≈ 7850 kg/m3

Unit weight γ ≈ 78.5 kN/m3

Modulus of elasticity E
210000 MPa
(Young's modulus)

G = E / [2 ⋅ (1 + ν) ] ≈ 81000
Shear modulus G
MPa

Yield strength fy see table below

 Ultimate strength fu see table below

Poisson's ratio in elastic range ν 0.30

Coe cient of linear thermal expansion

12 ×10-6 °K-1
α

Structural Steel Strength Properties for elements with

nominal thickness t ≤ 40 mm
EN10025-3
EN10025-2
Hot rolled produ
Hot rolled products -
Normalized/norm
Non-alloy structural
rolled weldable fin
steels
structural ste

S275 S355 S420

Symbol Description S235 S275 S355 S450
N/NL N/NL N/N

Yield
fy (MPa) 235 275 355 440 275 355 420
strength

Ultimate
fu (MPa) 360 430 490 550 390 490 520
strength

Structural Steel Strength Properties for elements with

nominal thickness 40 mm < t ≤ 80 mm
EN10025-3
EN10025-2
Hot rolled produ
Hot rolled products -
Normalized/norm
Non-alloy structural
rolled weldable fin
steels
structural ste

S275 S355 S420

Symbol Description S235 S275 S355 S450
N/NL N/NL N/N

Yield
fy (MPa) 215 255 335 410 255 335 390
strength

Ultimate
fu (MPa) 360 410 470 550 370 470 520
strength
Notes
1. Steel grades according to the standards EN 10025-2, EN 10025-3, EN
10025-4, EN 1002-5, EN 10025-6 are applicable for hot rolled
structural steel. Steel grades with the designation 'H', according to the
standard EN 10210-1 are applicable for hot nished structural hollow
sections. Steel grades with the designation 'H', according to the
standard EN 10219-1 are applicable for cold formed structural hollow
sections. See Details below for the description of the relevant EN
standard.
2. Steel sub-grades JR, J0, J2, K2 characterize the ability of steel to behave
in a ductile manner and therefore avoid brittle fracture, especially at
low temperatures. The fracture toughness of steel is characterized in
EN 1993-1-10 in terms of the KV(T) value i.e. the impact energy in
Joules [J] required to fracture a Charpy V-notch specimen at a given
test temperature T. Sub-grade JR correspond to a minimum KV of 27 J
at Room temperature (+20°C). Sub-grade J0 correspond to a minimum
KV of 27 J at 0°C. Sub-grade J2 correspond to a minimum KV of 27 J at
-20°C. For more information see EN 1993-1-10.

Details
Design values of structural steel material properties

Nominal values of structural steel yield strength and ultimate

strength
For structural design according to Eurocode 3 (EN1993-1-1), the nominal
values of the yield strength fy and the ultimate strength fu for structural
steel are obtained as a simpli cation from EN1993-1-1 Table 3.1, which is
reproduced above in tabular format.

The provided values for fy and fu are nominal values. For the purpose of
structural design appropriate material safety factors are applicable, such as
the factors γM0, γM1, γM2 etc. in accordance with EN1993-1-1 §6.1.

The steel classes are de ned in the corresponding standards:

EN 10025-2 Hot rolled products of structural steels. Technical delivery

conditions for non-alloy structural steels

EN 10025-3 Hot rolled products of structural steels. Technical delivery

conditions for normalized/normalized rolled weldable ne grain
 structural steels

EN 10025-4 Hot rolled products of structural steels. Technical delivery

conditions for thermomechanical rolled weldable ne grain structural
steels

EN 10025-5 Hot rolled products of structural steels. Technical delivery

conditions for structural steels with improved atmospheric corrosion
resistance

EN 10025-6 Hot rolled products of structural steels. Technical delivery

conditions for at products of high yield strength structural steels in
the quenched and tempered condition

EN 10210-1 Hot nished structural hollow sections of non-alloy and

ne grain steels. Technical delivery requirements

EN 10219-1 Cold formed welded structural hollow sections of non-

alloy and ne grain steels. Technical delivery requirements

Unit weight and density of structural steel

The unit weight of structural steel is speci ed in the design standard EN
1991-1-1 Table A.4 between 77.0 kN/m3 and 78.5 kN/m3. For structural
design it is standard practice to consider the unit weight of structural steel
equal to γ = 78.5 kN/m3 and the density of structural steel approximately ρ =
7850 kg/m3.

Modulus of elasticity of structural steel

The modulus of elasticity (Young's modulus) of structural steel is speci ed in
the design standard EN 1993-1-1 Section 3.2.6. For structural design the
modulus of elasticity of structural steel is considered as E = 210000 MPa.

Design values of additional material mechanical properties for

structural steel
According to EN1993-1-1 §3.2.6, the design values of the material properties
and coe cients for structural steel are:

Modulus of elasticity (Young's modulus):

E = 210000 MPa
Shear modulus:
G = E / [ 2⋅(1 + ν) ] = 80769 MPa ≈ 81000 MPa
Poisson's ratio in elastic range:
ν = 0.30
Coe cient of linear thermal expansion:
α = 12 ×10-6 °K-1
According to EN1991-1-3 §3.2.6, for calculating the structural e ects of
unequal temperatures in composite concrete-steel structures to EN 1994
the coe cient of linear thermal expansion may be taken as α = 10 ×10-6 °K-
1, i.e. the same as the coe cient of thermal expansion of concrete.

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