HUMSS7

Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences

MODULE 04
Clienteles and Audience in Counseling
Welcome!
This module introduce you the clienteles and audiences in counseling. This module also
present the characteristics and needs of various types of clienteles and audiences in
counseling.

Objectives:
At the end of this module you will be able to:
1. Describe the clienteles and audiences in counseling.
2. Identify the different types and needs of clientele and audience of counseling.
3. Articulate the characteristics and needs of the different types of clientele and
audiences for counseling

Please be reminded that at the end of this module you should comply the following:
1. Activities
2. Answer a 10-item quiz.

Preliminary Activity

Who-gutin mo ako!
The the following hugot lines represent problems encountered by people. Guess who is
being represented by the hugot line.

1. “Hithit ka nang hithit, baka ikay magipit”

2. “Papunta ka pa lang, pabalik na ako.”

3. “Laklak ka ng laklak baka ikaw ay lumagapak.”

4. “Hindi ako sa palagay na isang bagay, lalong hindi rin ako isang hayop, ako
ay tao.”

5. “Hindi ako ‘Na ano lang’’

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Development of the Lesson

To understand fully the coverage of this lesson, read silently the material.

Counseling and Its Clientele and Audience

Individuals and groups of people who receive service from various counseling
professions constitute the clientele and audience. These individuals and groups vary in
their needs and context where they avail of counseling services.

Characteristics of the Clientele and Audiences of Counseling

The clientele and audiences of counseling is normal people. They are not in need
of clinical or mental help. They may be the youth in need of guidance at critical
moments of their growth, anyone in need of assistance in realizing a change in behavior
or attitude, or simply seeking to achieve a goal. What the audience normally calls for in
counseling is application or development of social skills, effective communication,
spiritual direction, decision-making, and career choices. Sometimes, people need to
cope with crisis. Other clientele and audiences of counseling may be people in need of
premarital and marital counseling, grief and loss (divorce, death, or amputation),
domestic Violence and other types of abuse, or coping with terminal illness, death, and
dying.

Needs of Various Types of Clientele and Audiences of Counseling

The needs vary for each type of clientele and audience of counseling. In the
school context, guidance and counselors aim to meet needs such as job-hunting
coaching, conflict management providers, human resources personnel, marriage
counselors, drug abuse and rehabilitation counselors, bereavement counselors, and
abused children caretakers and rehabilitation in government and NGO settings.
As school guidance and counselors, these professionals provide the need for personal
guidance by helping students seek more options and find better and more appropriate
ones in dealing with situations of stress or simply decision making. This may include
career options. Sometimes, they bridge between family and the school in resolving
conflicts that affect students and their families to the extent of becoming a threat to
student development and learning.
As job-hunting coaches, counselors provide avenues for people to find necessary
information and get employment that is suitable to them. The services
Individuals and groups of people who receive service from various counseling
professions constitute the clientele and audience. These individuals and groups vary in
their needs and context where they avail of counseling services.
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Characteristics of the Clientele and Audiences of Counseling

The clientele and audiences of counseling are normal people. They are not in
need of clinical or mental help. They may be the youth in need of guidance at critical
moments of their growth, anyone in need of assistance in realizing a change in behavior
or attitude, or simply seeking to achieve a goal. What the audience normally calls for in
counseling is application or development of social skills, effective communication,
spiritual direction, decision-making, and career choices. Sometimes, people need to
cope with crisis. Other clientele and audiences of counseling may be people in need of
premarital and marital counseling, grief and loss (divorce, death, or amputation),
domestic Violence and other types of abuse, or coping With terminal illness, death, and
dying.

Needs of Various Types of Clientele and Audiences of Counseling

The needs vary for each type of clientele and audience of counseling. In the
school context, guidance and counselors aim to meet needs such as job-hunting
coaching, conflict management providers, human resources personnel, marriage
counselors, drug abuse and rehabilitation counselors, bereavement counselors, and
abused children caretakers and rehabilitation in government and NGO settings.
As school guidance and counselors, these professionals provide the need for personal
guidance by helping students seek more options and find better and more appropriate
ones in dealing with situations of stress or simply decisionmaking. This may include
career options. Sometimes, they bridge between family and the school in resolving
conflicts that affect students and their families to the extent of becoming a threat to
student development and learning.
As job-hunting coaches, counselors provide avenues for people to find necessary
information and get employment that is suitable to them. The services offered may
include technical aspects of how to prepare curriculum vitae (CV) or a resume, how to
speak to employers, and how to present and conduct one before employers. These can
even cover such details as how to walk and how to groom one-self to meet expectations
of prospective employers.
As conflict management providers, these professionals provide the need for
principles and theory-based approaches to deal with conflict and deescalate it, if not
revolve it positively. Conflicts are everywhere and they are not always that easy to
avoid. These professionals provide ways to manage conflict constructively.
As human resources personnel, these professionals provide the needs common
to all workplaces and they are employed in almost all workplaces to' deal with various
employee needs that cover aspects of remunerations, social services, compensations,
conflict resolution, and discipline. There is a wide range of services that employment
provide for the work force, which are not directly related to their technical work. They
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are designed to keep workers happy and cared for as humans. They form part of human
resource management.
As marriage counselors, these professionals provide the need for conflict
resolution skills to parties, couples, and children to deal with various stresses and
issues that threaten their unity or peaceful coexistence. Sometimes, their work is to
reconcile couples, while at other times, they work to help them part ways in the best
way possible through available legal instruments such as separation, divorce, or
annulment.
As drug abuse and rehabilitation counselors, these professionals meet the need
to help people overcome their problems or mitigate some of the most negative effects of
drug abuse. Their goal is to facilitate client rehabilitation.
As bereavement counselors, these professionals respond to the need to be
helped to go through loss, such as death in the family, in a way that Will help prevent
depression and other unhealthy ways of dealing or coping with loss such as committing
suicide or giving up on life. Through them, clients are empowered to experience
recovery or some form of healing that will help them cope well with such human
tragedies.
As abused children caretakers and rehabilitation in government and NGO
settings, counselors meet the need to facilitate processing and restoration of abused
children through recognition and implementation of existing laws and recovery
procedures in coordination with relevant units.

The Individual as Client of Counseling

The individual who needs to be helped to manage well a life-changing situation

or personal problem or crisis and other support needs may ‘undergo counseling as an
individual. This is the common type of counseling: the individualized type. The individual
needs capacitation to be able to manage well their unique circumstances, which may be
very difficult to endure alone. Problems like alcoholism, loss of job, divorce,
imprisonment, and rehabilitation can be a cause of shame and embarrassment. Without
acquiring enough strength and ability to go through such life experience, people are
vulnerable and may come out worse; even while simply going through natural life
transitions like retirement and. growing old.

The Group and Organization as Client of Counseling

Groups exist in communities, organizations, students in schools, teachers in

school, and departments in workplaces, and such an entity can undergo group
counseling to meet counseling needs on that level. The needs can range from desire to
reduce conflict or manage it, become more productive as a team or work better
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together. Some of the group processes and procedures resemble those that are applied
to individuals. However, some are very unique to group and organizational context.

The Community as Client of Counseling

When people experience something collectively, which may be socially troubling

and constitute the danger of blocking their collective capacity to move on, counseling is
necessary to be undertaken on a community level. In post-apartheid South Africa, a
truth and reconciliation commission was sought to help restoration of the South African
communities. Likewise, in the post-genocide Ruanda,‘ a similar approach was done to
help restore trust and confidence in communities that were brutally disrupted by civil war
and mass killing.

The clientele and audiences of the counseling profession come from different
settings. Counselors deal with a mixture of people with different concerns and issues.

- People who abuse drugs – drug abuse is not just harmful to our
physical health but to our mental health as well. It cannot be denied
that the drug addiction create more social problems and contribute to
social disintegration. Consequently, more youth victims cry for help
and seek for counselors’ attention.

- People who use Tobacco – slowly our population recognizes the bad
effects of tobacco to our health. However, many people still use and
continue use tobacco even if it is deadly. Users find it difficult to stop
smoking. Hence, smokers who desire to quit tobacco were added to
the list of the counselor’s audiences.

- People who abuse alcohol – alcoholism is seen as a disease

alcoholics find it difficult to stop drinking on their own. This requires
help from a professional as it requires appropriate treatment. However,
an equally important paradigm is to look at alcoholism as a weakness
of self – control and self –discipline .therefore this requires intervention
other than treatment.

- Women – most men still have less participation in household

responsibilities and child care. In this case, women’s advancement is
constrained. What complicates this situation is the women’s perception
about themselves and the society’s expectations. Counselors are
responsible in helping women appreciate their own values, abilities,
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Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences

aptitudes, and interests and to utilize these to develop their full

potential. ( Gibson and Mitchel ,2003 )

- Older Adults – a transition from a busy life to retirement stage must

be instituted. This is a challenge to the counseling profession. other
issues that require attention of counseling include loss of a partner
,decline of mental capacity and mobility, increased loneliness ,decline
in financial security etc.
- People with AIDS –acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) has
been labeled as the most feared disease due to its incurability. Victims
of this disease are seeking help to improve their quality of life and to
handle their emotional stress and low self-esteem. Counseling’s
approach requires sensitivity and appreciation of the intricacies of the
disease. Counselors may also help in assisting and educating the
victims’ support system.

- Victims of Abuse – this population represents victims of domestic

violence characterized by spouse and child abuses. Spouse abuse is
often associated with poverty, drug abuse and career disappointments.
The abuse has also become rampant and has caused psychological
damage to the victims. The counselors are increasingly utilized to help
the victims.

- Gay Men and Lesbian Women- they are usually the victims of
harassment, violence, discrimination, and isolation. Gays and lesbians,
like other sectors of the society, suffer from peer denial, family clash,
health uncertainties and prejudgment. Counseling will focus on self-
awareness, self- acceptance and understanding.

Analysis, Application and Exploration

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Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences

Based on what you have read about accomplish the following activity

Name:_________________________________________Date:_________________
Grade & Section: ________________________________Score:_________________

Activity 1.1

Read and answer the questions.

Recall an instance/s or experience/s wherein you were able to help somebody
who has personal troubles and difficulties. Describe what you did in order to be of help
to that person.

1. How did you help him/her?

2. What made you realize that she/he needs your help?

Name:_________________________________________Date:_________________
Grade & Section: ________________________________Score:_________________
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Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences

Activity 1.2

Complete the table below

Clienteles and Audiences in Counseling

Who are the individuals

What are their needs and demands?
and groups who needs
counseling?

Generalization
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In summary, the clienteles and audiences in counseling profession come from different
settings. The clienteles and audiences in counseling have different characteristics and
needs to be address.

Assignment

For your assignment, research the following:

Name:_________________________________________Date:_________________

Grade & Section: ________________________________Score:_________________

1. Enumerate the different settings where counselors are found.

2. If you are going to be a counselor, which setting would you prefer? Why?

Congratulatory Note
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Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences

CONGRATULATIONS on reaching the end of this module!!

Keep up the good work!!!

Reminder:
All exercises and activities done should be submitted before start of the succeeding lesson/s. You may now
proceed to the EVALUATION of the lesson covered in this module!

References

Dela Cruz et al. Disciplines and Ideas in the Applied Social Sciences. Phoenix
Publishing House. Quezon City: 2016
Sampa, E.M. Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences. Rex Book Store, Inc,
Quezon City : 2016

Name:_________________________________________Date:_________________
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Grade & Section: ________________________________Score:_________________

Quiz No. 3
Test I

True or False

Write true if the statement is correct and false if incorrect.

1. The counselor does not deal with a mixture of people with different concerns and
issues.
2. The guidance and counseling services deals with students’ concern, most of
which are behavioural.
3. The counselor deals with individuals who suffered from mental illness/problems.
4. The counselor can assess and assist any kinds of problems and concern of
individual and group.
5. The Guidance Counselors can also work in partnership with other members of
the school community.

Test II

Identification

Identify which clienteles and audiences in counseling is being referred by the following
statements.

1. There is an increase in the number of battered wife during the community

quarantine.

2. Alfred has been using drugs for almost three years.

3. The husband of Mary Jane, always go home drunk.

4. Jhearl wanted to go out of his closet and show the world that he is a gay.

5. Michael wanted to stop smoking but he find it hard to stop smoking.