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Topic 9 Questions
2. What occurs during the operation of a voltaic cell based on the following reaction?
3. The oxidation number of chromium is the same in all the following compounds except
A. Cr(OH)3
B. Cr2O3
C. Cr2(SO4)3
D. CrO3
(Total 1 mark)
4. Magnesium is a more reactive metal than copper. Which is the strongest oxidizing
agent?
A. Mg
B. Mg2+
C. Cu
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D. Cu2+
(Total 1 mark)
A. I and II only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
I. Sn(s) + Fe2+(aq)
A. I only
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B. II only
C. III only
8. What species are produced at the positive and negative electrodes during the electrolysis
of molten sodium chloride?
Positive
Negative electrode
electrode
Cl2(g) Na+(l) A.
+ –
Na (l) Cl (l) B.
Cl2(g) Na(l) C.
Na(l) Cl2(g) D.
(Total 1 mark)
A. CH3CHO → CH3CH2OH
B. CrO42–→ Cr2O72–
C. SO42–→ SO32–
D. NO2– → NO3–
(Total 1 mark)
11. What happens at the positive electrode in a voltaic cell and in an electrolytic cell?
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Oxidation Reduction B.
Oxidation Oxidation C.
Reduction Reduction D.
(Total 1 mark)
12. What are the oxidation numbers of the elements in sulfuric acid, H2SO4?
13. A voltaic cell is made from copper and zinc half-cells. The equation for the reaction
occurring in the cell is
D. Negative ions flow through the salt bridge from the zinc half-cell to the copper
half-cell.
(Total 1 mark)
14. What happens when molten sodium chloride is electrolysed in an electrolytic cell?
C. Electrons flow through the liquid from the negative electrode to the positive
electrode.
D. Oxidation occurs at the negative electrode and reduction at the positive electrode.
(Total 1 mark)
A. I and II only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
17. The following information is given about reactions involving the metals X, Y and Z and
solutions of their sulfates.
When the metals are listed in decreasing order of reactivity (most reactive first), what is
the correct order?
A. ZYX
B. XYZ
C. YXZ
D. YZX
(Total 1 mark)
18. What are the oxidation numbers of the elements in the compound phosphoric acid,
H3PO4?
19. A voltaic cell is made from magnesium and iron half-cells. Magnesium is a more
reactive metal than iron. Which statement is correct when the cell produces electricity?
D. Negative ions flow through the salt bridge from the magnesium half-cell to the
iron half-cell.
(Total 1 mark)
A. I and II only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
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B. Cl2(aq) is reduced and loses electrons.
Which is the correct combination of strongest oxidizing agent and strongest reducing
agent?
Strongest oxidizing
Strongest reducing agent
agent
Zn(s) Ag(s) A.
Zn(s) Ag+(aq) B.
Ag(s) Zn2+(aq) C.
Ag+(aq) Zn(s) D.
(Total 1 mark)
A. NO2 N2O4
B. NO3– NO2
C. N2O5 NO3–
D. NH3 N2
(Total 1 mark)
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25. Which statement is correct?
C. Oxidation takes place at the negative electrode in a voltaic cell and the positive
electrode in an electrolytic cell.
D. Oxidation takes place at the negative electrode in a voltaic cell and reduction takes
place at the positive electrode in an electrolytic cell.
(Total 1 mark)
[Co(NH3)5SO4]Br [Co(NH3)5Br]SO4
+3 +3 A.
+1 +2 B.
+2 +3 C.
+3 +2 D.
(Total 1 mark)
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C. It loses electrons.
D. It undergoes reduction.
(Total 1 mark)
A. CH3CH2CHO
B. CH3COCH3
C. CH3CH2COOH
D. CH3COOCH3
(Total 1 mark)
A. Cu(s)
B. NO 3 (aq)
C. Cu2+(aq)
D. H+(aq)
(Total 1 mark)
32. A particular voltaic cell is made from magnesium and iron half-cells. The overall
equation for the reaction occurring in the cell is
D. Negative ions flow through the salt bridge from the magnesium half-cell to the
iron half-cell.
(Total 1 mark)
33. What process occurs at the cathode in a voltaic cell and at the anode in an electrolytic
cell?
Anode of Cathode of
Electrolytic cell voltaic cell
Reduction Oxidation A.
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Oxidation Oxidation B.
Oxidation Reduction C.
Reduction Reduction D.
(Total 1 mark)
35. Which processes occur during the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride?
A. I and II only
D. I, II and III
(Total 1 mark)
36. Tin(II) ions can be oxidized to tin(IV) ions by acidified potassium permanganate(VII)
solution according to the following unbalanced equation.
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(a) Identify the oxidizing agent and the reducing agent.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 2 marks)
(i) Determine the oxidation numbers for Fe and Mn in the reactants and in the
products.
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
(2)
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
(1)
(iii) The compounds CH3OH and CH2O contain carbon atoms with different oxidation
numbers. Deduce the oxidation numbers and state the kind of chemical change
needed to make CH2O from CH3OH.
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
………………………………………………………………………………………
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……
(3)
(Total 6 marks)
38. A part of the reactivity series of metals, in order of decreasing reactivity, is shown
below.
magnesium
zinc
iron
lead
copper
silver
If a piece of copper metal were placed in separate solutions of silver nitrate and zinc
nitrate
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
(1)
(ii) identify the type of chemical change taking place in the copper and write the
half-equation for this change.
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
(2)
(iii) state, giving a reason, what visible change would take place in the solutions.
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
(2)
(Total 5 marks)
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39. (i) Solid sodium chloride does not conduct electricity but molten sodium chloride
does. Explain this difference, and outline what happens in an electrolytic cell
during the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride using carbon electrodes.
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
(4)
(ii) State the products formed and give equations showing the reactions at each
electrode.
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
(4)
………………………………………………………………………………………
……
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………………………………………………………………………………………
……
(1)
(Total 9 marks)
40. Electrolysis can be used to obtain chlorine from molten sodium chloride. Write an
equation for the reaction occurring at each electrode and describe the two different ways
in which electricity is conducted when the cell is in operation.
(Total 4 marks)
41. Two reactions occurring in the manufacture of bromine from sea water are
(ii) State and explain whether SO2 is reduced or oxidized in reaction II by referring to
the oxidation numbers of sulfur in this reaction.
(3)
(Total 5 marks)
(i) oxidation
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
(1)
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 2 marks)
43. Deduce the change in oxidation number of chromium in the below reaction. State with
a reason whether the chromium has been oxidized or reduced.
.............................................................................................................................................
.
.............................................................................................................................................
.
.............................................................................................................................................
.
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.............................................................................................................................................
.
(Total 2 marks)
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
(1)
(ii) Deduce the change in oxidation number of chromium in the reaction below.
State with a reason whether the chromium has been oxidized or reduced.
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 3 marks)
45. Iron in food, in the form of Fe3+, reacts with ascorbic acid (vitamin C), C6H8O6, to form
dehydroascorbic acid, C6H6O6.
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
(1)
(ii) In the other ionic half-equation Fe3+ is converted to Fe2+. Deduce the overall
equation for the reaction between C6H8O6 and Fe3+.
.........................................................................................................................
.........................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 2 marks)
46. (i) Draw a diagram of apparatus that could be used to electrolyse molten potassium
bromide. Label the diagram to show the polarity of each electrode and the product
formed.
(3)
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(ii) Describe the two different ways in which electricity is conducted in the apparatus.
(2)
(iii) Write an equation to show the formation of the product at each electrode.
(2)
(Total 7 marks)
47. Iodide ions, I–(aq), react with iodate ions, IO3–(aq), in an acidic solution to form
molecular iodine and water.
(i) Determine the oxidation number of iodine in each iodine-containing species in the
reaction.
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
(2)
oxidation ....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
reduction ....................................................................................................................
....................................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 4 marks)
IB Chemistry – SL
Topic 9 Answers
1. D
[1]
2. B
[1]
3. D
[1]
4. D
[1]
5. D
[1]
6. D
[1]
7. D
[1]
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8. D
[1]
9. B
[1]
10. D
[1]
11. B
[1]
12. A
[1]
13. A
[1]
14. A
[1]
15. B
[1]
16. B
[1]
17. A
[1]
18. B
[1]
19. A
[1]
20. B
[1]
21. D
[1]
22. C
[1]
23. B
[1]
24. D
[1]
25. C
[1]
26. A
[1]
27. A
[1]
28. B
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[1]
29. D
[1]
30. A
[1]
31. A
[1]
32. A
[1]
33. C
[1]
34. B
[1]
35. D
[1]
36. (a) oxidizing agent: (acidified) potassium permanganate(VII)/(H+) and Mn O 4
and reducing agent: Sn2+; 1
Both oxidizing agent and reducing agent required for [1].
(ii) oxidation;
Cu → Cu2+ + 2e; 2
(iii) (silver nitrate) solution turns blue/grey or black or silver solid forms;
copper ions form/Cu2+ ions form/silver deposited; 2
[5]
39. (i) sodium chloride crystals consist of ions in a rigid lattice/ions can not
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move about;
when melted the ions are free to move or ions move when a voltage
is applied;
in electrolysis positive sodium ions or Na+ ions move to the negative
electrode or cathode; and negative chloride ions or Cl– move to the
positive electrode or anode; 4
Na+ + e Na;
(ii) S in SO2
+4;
S in H2SO4
+6;
Award only [1] for 4 + and 6 + or 4 and 6.
(ii) (a species that) gains electrons (from another species)/causes electron loss; 1
[2]
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43. changes by 3;
reduced because its oxidation number decreased / +6 +3 / 6+ 3+ / it has gained
electrons;
[2]
44. (i) (a species that) gains electrons (from another species)/causes electron loss; 1
(ii) changes by 3;
reduced because its oxidation number decreased / +6 +3 / 6+ 3+ /
it has gained electrons; 2
[3]
I2 = 0 2
Award [2] for all three correct, [1] for any two correct,
Signs must be included
Do not accept Roman numerals
(ii) oxidation
I (to I2), increase in oxidation number/loss of electron(s);
reduction
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