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 Chapter 15 - Linear Inequations

Exercise: 15.1

Page Number: 15.10

Question 1:

Solution:

50
Consider, 12 x  50  x  , Dividing both the sides by 12 implies x  25 / 6
12
 25 
(i) x  R Then, the solution of the given inequation is  , 
 6 
(ii) x  Z Then, the solution of the given inequation is .  3,  2,  1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4
(iii) x  N Then, the solution of the given inequation is 1, 2, 3, 4 .

Question 2:

Solution:
4 x  30  x  304
Dividing both the sides by 4 , implies x  15 / 2
 15 
(i) x  R Then, the solution of the given inequation is  , .
 2 
(ii) x  Z Then, the solution of the given inequation is   9, 8
(iii) x  N Then, the solution of the given inequation is  .

Question 3:

Solution:

Consider, 4 x  2  8  4 x  8  2 ,
Transposing -2 to the RHS 4 x  10  x  104
Dividing both the sides by 4
Implies x  5 / 2
 5
(i) x  R Then, the solution of the given inequation is  ,  .
 2
(ii) x  Z Then, the solution of the given inequation is .  3,  2,  1, 0, 1, 2 .
(iii) x  N Then, the solution of the given inequation is 1, 2 .
 Study Materials
NCERT Solutions for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
Revision Notes for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
RD Sharma Solutions for Class 6 to 12 Mathematics
RS Aggarwal Solutions for Class 6, 7 & 10 Mathematics
Important Questions for Class 6 to 12 (Math & Science)
CBSE Sample Papers for Class 9, 10 & 12 (Math &
Science)
Important Formula for Class 6 to 12 Math
CBSE Syllabus for Class 6 to 12
Lakhmir Singh Solutions for Class 9 & 10
Previous Year Question Paper
CBSE Class 12 Previous Year Question Paper
CBSE Class 10 Previous Year Question Paper
JEE Main & Advanced Question Paper
NEET Previous Year Question Paper

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Question 4:

Solution:
3x  7  x  1 implies 3x  x  1  7
Transposing x to LHS and -7 to RHS  2 x  8  x  4 Dividing both sides by 2
Hence, the solution set of the given inequation is  4,  

Question 5:

Solution:

Consider,
x  5  4 x  10
5  10  4 x  x
Transposing x to the RHS and -10 to the LHS,
15  3x
3x  15
x5
Dividing both sides by 3 implies x   , 5
Hence, the solution set of the given inequation is  ,5  .

Question 6

Solution:

3x  9  x  19
3x  x19  9
Transposing -x to the LHS and 9 to the RHS, implies,
4 x  10
5
x
2
Dividing both the sides by 4
5 
Hence, the solution set of the given inequation is  ,   .
2 
Question 7

Solution:

x
2 3  x   4
5
11x  10
  10 
Thus, the solution set of the given inequation is  , 
 11 

Question 8

Solution:

 3x  2    4 x  3 
 
5  2 
2  3 x  2   5  4 x  3
6 x  4  20 x  15
4  15  20 x  6 x
Implies that
11  14 x
14 x  11
11
x
14
 11 
Hence, the solution set of the given inequation is  ,   .
14 

Question 9

Solution:
x  3  4  5  2x
 x  3  4  5  2x
x  7  5  2x
x  2x  5  7
Implies that x  2
Hence, the solution set of the given inequation is  , 2 
.
Question 10

Solution:
x 3x  2 5 x  3
 
5 4 5
x 1
  2  5x 
5 20
2
x
9
 2
Hence, the solution set of the given inequation is  ,  .
 9
Question 11

Solution:
 2 x  1  3  2  x 
5 7
Implies,
 2 x  1  3  2  x 
5 7
7  2 x  1  15  2  x 
14 x  7  30  15
x  44
Hence, the solution to the given inequation is  44,  

Question 12

Solution:
5 x 3 x 39
 
2 4 4
10 x  3 x 39

4 4
10 x  3 x  39
13x  39
x3
Implies,
Hence, the solution set of the given inequation is 3,   .

Question 13

Solution:

 x  1  4  x  5  2
3 5
 x  1  12  x  5  10
3 5
x  11 x  15

3 5
x  50
Hence, the solution of the given inequation is  , 50  .

Question 14
Solution:

 2 x  3  3  x  4  2
4 3
2 x  9 x  10

4 3
13
x
2
 13 
Hence, the solution of the given inequation is  , .
 2 

Question 15

Solution:

5  2x x
 5
3 6
Implies that,
5  2x x
 5
3 6
5  2 x x  30

3 6
x 8
Hence, the solution set of the given inequality is  8,  .

Question 16

Solution:

4  2x x
  3 , ,implies
3 2
8  x  18
Thus, the solution set of the given inequation is  26,   .

Question 17

Solution:

2x  3
 2  3 x  2 5
5
2 x  3  10  75  x  2 
 x  9  10
x  1
x  1
Hence, the solution set of the given inequation is  1,   .

Question 18

Solution:

5x  8
x2
3
3  x  2   5x  8
Multiplying both the sides by 3
3x  6  5 x  8
5 x  8  3x  6
5 x  3x  6  8
Transposing 3x to the LHS and 8 to the RHS,
Implies,
2 x  14
x  7
Dividing both the sides by 2
Hence, the solution of the given inequation is  7,   .

Question 19
Solution:
6x  5
0
4x 1
5 1
Equating 6x-5 and 4x+1 to zero, we obtain x  and as the critical points.
6 4

1 5
Therefore, x  ,
4 6

Question 20

Solution:

2x  3
0
3x  7
 3 7
Equating 2x-3 and 3x-7 to zero, we obtain x  , as the critical points.
2 3

 3 7 
Therefore, x   ,    ,  
 2 3 

Question 21

Solution :
3
1
x2
Implies,
3
1  0
x2
x5
 0
x2

Therefore, x   , 2    5,  

Question 22

Solution:
1
2
x 1
Implies,
1
20
x 1
3
x
 2 0
x 1
2 x  3
0
x 1
 3 
Therefore, x   ,1   ,  
2 

Question 23

Solution:

4x  3
6
2x  5
4x  3
6  0
2x  5
4 x  3  6  2 x  5
0
2x  5
4 x  3  12 x  30
0
2x  5

 5   33 
Therefore, x   ,    ,  
 2  8 

Question 24

Solution:
5x  6 x
1
x6
x
 1
x6

Therefore, x   6,3

Question 25

Solution:

Consider,
 5x  8
2
4 x
5x  8
20
4 x
5x  8  8  2x
0
4 x

Therefore, x∈-∞,0∪4,∞

Question 26

Solution:
Consider,
 x  1  2
 x  3
Implies,
x 1
20
x3
x 1  2x  6
0
x3

Therefore, x   7, 3

Question 27
Solution :

Consider,
7x  5
4
8x  3
7 x  5  4  8 x  3
7 x  5  32 x  12

17 3
Therefore, x  ,
25 8
Question 28
Solution:
x 1

x 5 2
2x  x  5
Therefore, x   , 5   5,  

Exercise: 15.2

Page number:15.15

Question 1

Solution:
x3 0
x  3
x   3,  
Also,
2 x  14
x7
Dividing both the sides by 2, implies x   , 7 
Thus, the solution of the given set of inequalities is the intersection
 3,     , 7   3, 7
Therefore, x  3, 7
Thus, the solution of the given set of inequalities is  3, 7  .

Question 2

Solution:

We have, 2x  7  5  x implies,
2x  x  5  7
3x  12
x4
x   4,  
Also,
11 5 x  1
5 x111
x2
x   2,  
Solution set of the given set of inequations is intersection.  4,     2,   is  4,  
Thus, the solution set of the given set of inequations is  4,   .

Question 3
Solution:

We have,
x20
x2
x  2, 
Also,
3 x  18
x6
x  , 6
Solution of the given set of the inequations is intersection of i and ii is  2,     , 6    2,6 
Thus,  2, 6  is the solution of the given set of inequalities.

Question 4

Solution:

We have, 2 x  6  0  2 x  6  x  3  x   3,   i
Also,
4 x  7  0  4 x  7  x  74  x  , 74  ii
Thus, the solution of the given inequations is the intersection of i and ii. Is:
 3,    74   3, 74 
 7
Thus, the solution of the given inequations is  3,  .
 4

Question 5

Solution:
3 x  6  0  3 x  6  x  2  x  2,   i
Also,
2 x  5  0  2 x  5  x  52  x  52,  ii
5  5 
Solution of the given set of inequalities is the intersection of i and ii.  2,     ,     ,  
2  2 
5 
Thus, the solution of the given set of inequalities is  ,   .
2 

Question 6
Solution:
2 x  3  7  2 x  7  3  x  5  x  , 5  i 
Also, 2 x  4  x  2  x  2,   ii 
Thus, the solution of the given set of inequalities is the intersection of (i) and (ii).
 ,5   2,     2,5
Thus, the solution of the given set of inequalities is  2,5  .

Question 7

Solution:

We have, 2 x  5  0  2 x  5  x  52  x   ,  52  i 

Also, x  3  0  x  3  x   , 3   ii 
Thus, the solution of the given set of inequalities is the intersection of (i) and (ii).
 , 52   ,3   , 52
Thus, the solution of the given set of inequalities is  , 52 .

Question 8

Solution:
5 x  1  24  5 x  24  1  x  5  x  ,5  i 
Also, 5 x  1  24  5 x  24  1  x  5  x   5,     ii 
Hence, the solution of the given set of inequalities is the intersection of (i) and (ii).
 ,5   5,     5, 5
Thus, the solution of the given set of inequalities is  5, 5  .

Question 9 3 x  1  5, x  2  1

Solution:

3x  15  3 x5  1  x  2  x   2,     i 
Also, x  2  1  x  1  2  x  3  x   3,     ii 
Hence, the solution of the given set of inequalities is the intersection of (I) and (ii).
 2,     3,     2,  
Thus, the solution of the given set of inequalities is  2,  .

Question 10

Solution:
We have,
11  5x  4  5 x  4  11  5x  15  5 x  15
Multiplying both sides by 1  x  155  x  3  x   ,3   i 
Also, 4 x  13  11  4 x  11  13  4 x  24  x  6  x   , 6   ii 
Hence, the solution of the given set of inequalities is the intersection of (i) and (ii).
 3   , 6   , 6
Hence, the solution of the given set of inequalities is  , 6 .

Question 11

Solution:
We have, 4 x  1  0  4 x  1  x  14 (Dividing both the sides by 4)  x   ,14  i 
Also, 3  4 x  0  0  3  4 x  4 x  3  x  34
Dividing both sides by 4  x  34,   ii 
Hence, the solution of the given set of inequalities is the intersection of (i) and (ii).
But, 14  34,   
Thus, the given set of inequations has no solution.

Question 12

Solution:
x  5  2 x  1  x  5  2 x  2  2 x  2  x  5  2 x  x  5  2  x  3  x   , 3   i 
Also,
2  x  3x  2
2  x  3x  6
3x  6  2  x
3x  x  2  6
4 x  4
x  1
x   1,     ii 
Hence, the solution of the given set of inequations is the intersection of (i) and (ii).
 ,3   1,     1,3
Thus, the solution of the given set of inequations is  1,3 .

Question 13

Solution:
 2 x  6  3x  7
2 x  12  3x  7
3 x  7  2 x  12
3x  2 x  12  7
x  5
x   5,    i 
Also, 11  2 x  6  x  6  x  11  2 x  2 x  x  11  6  x  5  x  5,    ii 
Hence, the solution of the given inequation is the intersection of (i) and (ii).-
 5,     5,     5,   Hence, the solution of the given inequation is 5,∞.
Question 14

Solution:
5 x  7  3x  3  5 x  7  3x  9  5 x  3x  9  7  2 x  16  x  8  x  ,8   i 
Also,
3x
1  x4
2
3x
x  4  1
2
3x
x  1 4
2
3x
2x  5
2
5 x  10
x2
x   , 2   ii 
Hence, the solution of the given set of inequalities is the intersection of (i) and (ii).
 ,8   , 2   , 2
Hence, the solution of the given set of inequalities is  , 2 .

Question 15

Solution:

2x  3 4x
Consider, 2 6
4 3
 2x  3 4x
2 6
4 3
2 x  3  8 4 x  18

4 3
3  2 x  11  4  4 x  18
6 x  33  72  33
10 x  39
39
x
10
And,

2  2 x  3  6  x  2   10
4 x  6  6 x  12  10
 x  8
x8

Hence, there is no solution set of the simultaneous equation.

Question 16

Solution:

7x 1
Consider,  3
2
7 x 1
 3
2
7 x  1  6  1
7 x  5
5
x
7
And consider the second inequality,
3x  8
 11  0
5
3x  8  55
0
5
3x  63 0

5 1
3x  63  0
x  21
Hence, the solution is  , 21
Question 17

Solution.
2x  1
5
7 x 1
2x 1
5 
7 x 1
2 x  1  35 x  5  0
33x  6
6 1
x  ,x 
33 7

Question 18

Solution:
4 6
3
x 1 x 1
implies that:4  3  x  1  6
4 6
impies that:   x  1 
3 3
4
implies that:  1  x  2  1
3
1
implies that:  x  1
3
1 
Solution set for given inequation  ,1 .
3 

Consider the first inequation,

x
<0
2
x  0 ...........  i 
Consider the second inequation,
x
 3
2
- x  6 .........  ii 
x >- 6
From (i) and (ii), (-6,0) is the solution set of the simultaneous equations.
Question 19
Solution.
Consider the first inequation,
10  -5(x- 2)
2  -(x -2)
2  -x +2
2-2  -x
0   x...(i)
Consider the second inequation,
-5( x - 2)  20
-5 x  10  20
-5 x  20 -10
-5 x  10
-x  2
x  -2......  ii 
From (i) and (ii), (-2,0) is the solution set of the simultaneous equations.

Question 20

Solution.
Consider the first inequation,
-5  2 x - 3
2 x - 3  -5
2 x  -5  3
2 x  -2
x  -1 ......  i 
Consider the second inequation,
2x - 3  5
2x  5  3
2x  8
x4 ...(ii)
From (i) and (ii), (-1, 4) is the solution set of the simultaneous equations.

Question 21
 4 6
3
x 1 x 1
implies that:4  3  x  1  6
4 6
impies that:   x  1 
3 3
4
implies that:  1  x  2  1
3
1
implies that:  x  1
3
1 
Solution set for given inequation  ,1 .
3 
Exercise: 15.3

Page Number: 15.22

Question 1
Solution:

Consider the equation:

1
x 0
3
Therefore,
1 1
x  0
3 8
1 8
x  0
3 3
3x  7
0
3
7
x
3
1 1
Now, consider the second equation as: x   0, therefore, x  
3 3
1 8
x  0
3 3
And,
1 8
x    0
3 3
3 x  9  0
3 x  9
x  3
Therefore, the solution of the simultaneous inequality is  , 3   7 / 3,  

Question 2

4  x 1  3
Solution: Consider ,
4  x 1  3
4 x 2  0
4 x  0
When, , implies
4 x2  0
2 x  0
x2
When,
4 x  0
 4  x  2  0
4  x  2  0
x6  0
x6
Thus, the solution is
 2, 6  .
Question 3
3x  4 5
 0
Solution: Consider 2 12
3 x  4  0,
When implies
3x  4 5
 0
2 12
3x  4 5
 0
2 12
6  3x  4   5
0
12
18 x  29  0
29
x
18
3x  4  0
When
  3x  4  5
 0
2 12
3x  4 5
 0
2 12
18 x  19
19
x
18
19 29 
18 , 18 
Hence, the solution is .

Question 4
x  2  0, x  2
When , implies,
x2
0
x2
x20
x2
x  2  0, x  2
when , implies,
x2
 0
x2
x  2  0
x2
Hence, the solution is
 2,   .

Question 5
x 0
Solution: consider implies x  0
1 1
 0
x 3 2
2 x3
0
2x  6
x  5  0
x5
x  0, x  0
When
1 1
 0
x  3 2
2    x  3
0
2   x  3
x5 0
x  5
Hence, the solution is
 , 5   3,3   5,   .

Question 6
x  2  0, x  2
Solution: when implies:
x  2  3x
0
x
2 x  2  0
2 x  2
x 1
x  2  0, x  2
When
  x  2   3x  0
 x  2  3x  0
4 x  2  0
4 x  2
1
x
2
x0
Hence, the solution is
 , 0   1,  

Question 7

2x 1  0
Solution: When
2x 1  0
1
x
2
2 x  1  2 x  2  0 and x  1  0
2 x  1  2 x  2  0 and x  1
x 1
Implies,
  2 x  1  2 x  2  0 and x  1
4  3  0
3
x  
4
3
x and x  1
4
3 
x   ,1
4 
3 
 ,1  1,  
Hence, the solution is  4  .

Question 8

x 1  0
Solution: Consider when x  1implies,
x  1   x  2    x  3  6  0
x46  0
x  2
Implies
 ,, 2
 x  2  0, x  2
When implies
x  1  x  2   x  3  6  0
x6  0
x6
Thus,
6,  
x  3  0, x  3
When implies,
x 1  x  2  x  3  6  0
3x  12  0
3 x  12
x4
x   4,  
Thus,
Hence, the solution is
 , 0   4,   .

Question 9

x  2 1
0
x2 2
Solution:
y  x2
Consider , implies:
y 1
0
y2
1 y  2
1 x  2  2
x   2  2, 1  2  1  2, 2  2
x   0,1  3, 4

Hence, the solution is

 0,1  3, 4 .

Question 10

1 1

x 3 2
Solution: Consider ,
Implies,
 1 1
 0
x 3 2
2 x 3
0
2  x  3
5 x
0
2  x  3
x 5
0
x 3
x  5 or x  3
Implies
Hence, the solution is
 , 5   3,3  5,   .

Question 11

Solution: When   x  1
x  1    x  1 and x   x
x 1  x  3
Therefore,
Implies,
  x  1  x  3
2 x  4
x  2
But   x  1
Therefore, the solution is
 , 2 
When, 1  x  0
x  1   x  1 and x   x
x 1  x  3
Therefore,
Implies 1  3 , which is not true.
When 0  x  
x  1   x  1 and x  x
therefore, x  1  x  3
 x  1  x  3
2x  2
x 1
But, 0  x  
Therefore, the solution is
1,  
Question 12
1 x  2  3
Solution: Consider , implies:
x   3  2, 1  2  1  2,3  2
  1,1   3,5

Hence, the solution is

 1,1  3,5 .

Question 13

3  4x  9
Solution: Consider , Implies
3
4 x 9
4
3 9
x 
4 4
3
  x  
When 4 , implies:
3  9
  x 
4  4
6
 x
4
3
 x
2
 3
 ,  
Therefore, the solution is  2.
3
 x
When 4
3 3 
 x    x
4 4  , therefore
3 9
x 
4 4
3  9
  x 
4  4
x3
Hence, the solution is
 , 3 / 2   3,  
Exercise: 15.4

Page Number: 15.24

Question 1
Solution: Consider the smaller odd positive integer be x. Then, the other odd positive integer shall
be
x+ 2. Therefore, as per the given conditions:
x  2  10 and x  x  2  11
x  8 and 2 x  9
9
x  8 and x 
2
Since x is an odd integer, Therefore, x  5, 7
Hence, pairs are  5, 7  ,  7,9  .

Question 2

Solution: Consider x be the smaller of the two odd natural numbers. Then, the other odd natural
number will be x+ 2.
Therefore, as per the given conditions:
x  10 and x  x  2  40
x  10 and 2 x  2  40
x  10 and x  19
10  x  19
x  11, 13, 15, 17
Hence, the pairs are 11,13 , 13,15  , 15,17  , 17,19  .

Question 3

Solution: Consider x be the smaller even integer. Then, the other even integer shall be x+ 2.
Therefore, as per the given condition:
x  5 and x  x  2  23
x  5 and 2 x  2  23
x  5 and 2 x  21
21
x  5 and x 
2
x  6,8,10
Hence, the pairs are  6,8 ,  8,10  , 10,12  .
Question 4
Solution: Consider x be the minimum marks he scores in the third test.
Then,
65  70  x
 65
3
135  x
 65
3
135  x  195
x  60
Hence, the minimum marks Rohit should score in the third test should be 60.

Question 5
9
Solution: Consider the temperature of the solution is x degree Celsius. x in Fahrenheit  x  32
5
Then, as per the given condition:
9
86  x  32  95
5
9
86  32  x  95  32
5
9
54  x  63
5
30  x  35
Hence, the range of the temperature in degree Celsius is between 30°C and 35°C.

Question 6

Solution: Consider x degree Fahrenheit be the temperature of the solution.

Now,
30 C  x  F  35 C
9
F  C  32
5
54  32  x  63  32
86  x  95
Hence, the range of the temperature is between 86 and 95

Question 7

Solution: Consider x be the minimum marks scored in the last paper.

Then,
 87  95  92  94  x
90   100
5
368  x
90   100
5
450  368  x  500
450  368  368  x  368  500  368
82  x  132
But x can not be more than 100
82  x  100
Hence, the minimum marks that Shikha must score in the fifth paper is 82.

Question 8

Solution: The revenue must be greater than the cost.

3
2 x  300  x
2
3
2 x  x  300
2
x  600
Hence, 600 cassettes must be sold for the company to be realize a profit

Question 9
Solution: Consider the shortest side of the triangle be x cm. Then, the longest side will be 3x and
the third side will be 3x - 2.
Therefore, the perimeter of the triangle less than 61
x  3x  3x  2  61
7 x  61  2
x9
Hence, the minumum length of the shortest side is 9 cm.

Question 10
Solution: Consider x litres of water be added to the 1125 litres of 45% solution of the acid.
Total quantity of mixture is (1125+x) litres.
Total acid content in 1125 litres of mixture = 45% of 1125
It is given that the acid content in the resulting mixture must be more than 25% and less than
30%,25% of (1125 + x) < 45% x 1125 < 30% of (1125 + x) 11 x (1125 ± x) < t x 1125 < a x (1125
± x) Multiplying throughout by 100:
28125  25 x  50625  33750  30 x
50625  28125 50625  33750
x and x 
25 30
x  900 and x  562.5
Thus, the water to be added should be more than 562.5 litres but less than 900 litres.
Question 11.

Solution: Consider x litres of 2% solution is added in the existing solution of 8% of boric acid.
Resulting mixture = (640 + x) L
Therefore, as per given conditions:
4% of  640  x   8% of 640  2% of x  6% of  640  x 
4 8 2 6
 640  x    640   x   640  x 
100 100 100 100

Multiplying throughout by 100 :

2560  4 x  5120  2 x  3840  6 x
2560  4 x  5120  2 x and 5120  2 x  3840  6 x
2 x  2560 and 4 x  1280
x  1280 and x  320
320  x  1280
Thus, the amount of solution must be less than 1280 litres but more than 320 litres.

Question 12.
Solution: Consider x be the third pH value.
7.48  7.85  x
Then, 7.2   7.8
3
15.33  x
7.2   7.8
3
21.6  15.33  x  23.4
6.27  x  8.07

Hence, the range for the pH value for the third reading must be between 6.27 and 8.07
Exercise: 15.5

Page Number: 15.28

Represent to solution set of each of the following in equations Graphically in two dimensional
plane:

Question 1

Solution:

Consider, x  2 y  4  0
Converting the given inequation to equation, we obtain x  2 y  4  0
Putting y = 0 and x = 0 in this equation, we obtain x = 4 and y = 2.
So, this line intersects the x-axis and the y-axis at (0,0).
We draw the line of the equation x + y = 0
Now we take a point (1, 1) ( any point which does not lie on the line x + y = 0 )
(1, 1) does not satisfy the inequality. So, the region not containing (1, 1)
is represented by the following figure.
Hence, the shaded region represents the in equation.

Question 2

Solution:
Converting the in equation to equation, we obtain x  2 y  6 , that is x  2 y  6  0 .
Putting y = 0 and x = 0 in this equation, we obtain x = 6 and y = 3.
So, this line meets x-axis at (6,0) and y-axis at (0,3).
We plot these points and join them by a thick line. This divides the xy plane into two parts.
To determine the region represented by the given inequality, consider point O(0,0). Clearly,
(0,0) does not satisfy inequality x  2 y  6 .
So, the region that does not contain the origin is represented by the given inequality.

Hence, the shaded region is the solution to the in equation.

Question 3

Solution:

Converting the inequation to equation, we obtain x  2  0 , that is x  2 .

Clearly, it is a parallel line to y-axis at a distance of -2 units from it. This line divides the xy
plane into two parts, viz LHS of x = -2 and RHS of x = -2. To determine the region represented
by the given inequality, consider point O(0,0). Clearly, (0,0) does not satisfy the inequality. So,
the region that does not contain the origin is represented by the given inequality.

Hence, the shaded region is the solution to the inequation.

Question 4

Solution:

Converting the inequation to equation, we obtain x  2 y  0

Putting y = 0 and x = 0 in this equation, we obtain x = 0 and y = 0 respectively. So, this line
meets the x-axis at (0,0) and the y- axis at (0,0).
If x = 1, then y = 1/2.
So, Consider another point (1,1/2).
We plot these points and join them by a thin line. This divides the xy plane into two parts.
We take a point (0, 2) and it does not satisfy the inequation.
Therefore, we shade the region which is opposite to the point (0, 2)

The shaded region is the solution to the inequation.

Question 5

Solution:
Converting the inequation to equation, we obtain 3x  2 y  6  0
Putting y = 0 and x = 0 in this equation, we obtain x = -2 and y = 3 respectively. So, this line
meets the x-axis at (-2,0) and the y-axis at (0,3). We plot these points and join them by a thick
line.This divides the xy plane in two parts. To determine the region represented by the given
inequality, consider point O(0,0). Clearly, (0,0) satisfy the inequality -3x+2y≤6. So, the region
containing the origin is represented by the given inequality.

Hence, the shaded region is the solution to the inequation.

Question 6

Solution:

Converting the inequation to equation, we obtain x  8  4 y  0

Putting y = 0 and x = 0 in this equation, we obtain x = 8 and y = 2 respectively. So, this line
meets the x-axis at (8,0) and y-axis at (0,2). We plot these points and join them by a thick line.
This divides the xy plane into two parts. To determine the region represented by the given
inequality, consider point O(0,0). Clearly, (0,0) satisfies the inequality. So, the region containing
the origin is represented by the given inequality.

Hence, the shaded region is the solution to the inequation.

Question 7 0  2 x  5 y  10

Solution:

Converting the inequation to equation, we obtain 2 x  5 y  10  0

Putting y = 0 and x = 0 in this equation, we obtain x = – 5 and y = 2 respectively.
So, this line meets the x-axis at (-5,0) and the y-axis at (0,2).
We plot these points and join them by a thick line.
This divides the xy plane into two parts. To determine the region represented by the given
inequality, consider point O(0,0).
Clearly, (0,0) satisfies the inequality.
So, the region containing the origin is represented by the given inequality.
Hence, the shaded region is the solution to the inequation.

Question 8 3 y  6  2 x
Solution:

Converting the inequation to equation, we obtain 3 y  2 x  6  0

Putting y = 0 and x = 0 in this equation, we obtain x = 3 and y = 2 respectively.
So. this line meets the x-axis at (3,0) and y-axis at (0,2).
We plot these points and join them by a thick line.
This divides the xy plane into two parts. To determine the region represented by the given
inequality, consider point O(0,0).
Clearly, (0,0) does not satisfy the inequality.
So, the region not containing the origin is represented by the given inequality.

Hence, the shaded region is the solution to the inequation.

Question 9 y  2 x  8

Solution:

Converting the inequation to equation, we obtain 2 x  y  8  0

Putting y = 0 and x = 0 in this equation, we obtain x = 4 and y = – 8 respectively.
So, this line meets the x-axis at (4,0) and y-axis at (0, -8).
We plot these points and join them by a thick line.This divides the xy plane into two parts.
To determine the region represented by the given inequality, consider point O(0,0).
Clearly, (0,0) does satisfy the inequality.
So, the region containing the origin is represented by the given inequality.
Hence, the shaded region is the solution to the inequation.
Question 10 3 x  2 y  x  y  8

Solution:

Converting the inequation to equation, we obtain 2 x  3 y  8  0

Putting y =0 and x = 0 in this equation, we obtain x = – 4 and y = 8/3 respectively.
So, this line meets the x-axis at (-4, 0) and y-axis at (0,8/3).
We plot these points and join them by a thick line.
This divides the xy plane into two parts.
To determine the region represented by the given inequality, consider point O(0,0).
Clearly, (0,0) does not satisfy the inequality.
So, the region that does not contain the origin is represented by the given inequality.

Hence, the shaded region is the solution to the inequation.

Exercise: 15.6

Page Number:15.30

Question 1

Solution:

(i) Converting the inequations to equations, Thus,:

2 x  3 y  6, 3 x  2 y  6, x  0, y  0

This line meets the x-axis at (3,0) and the y-axis at (0, 2). Draw a thick line joining these points.
We see that the origin (0, 0) satisfies the inequation 2x + 3y ≤ 6
Hence, the portion containing the origin represents the Solution set of the inequation 2 x  3 y  6

3x  2 y  6 :

This line meets the x-axis at (2, 0) and the y-axis at (0, 3). Draw a thick line joining these points.
We see that the origin (0,0) satisfies the inequation 2 x  3 y  6 .
Hence, the portion containing the origin represents the Solution set of the inequation 2 x  3 y  6

Clearly, x  0, y  0 represents the first quadrant.

Hence, the shaded region in the figure represents the Solution set of the given set of inequations.

(ii) Converting the inequations to equations, Thus,:

2 x  3 y  6, x  4 y  4, x  0, y  0
2 x  3 y  6 : This line meets the x-axis at (3, 0) and the y-axis at (0, 2). Draw a thick line joining
these points.
We see that the origin (0,0) satisfies the inequation 2 x  3 y  6 .
Hence, the portion containing the origin represents the Solution set of the inequation 2 x  3 y  6

x  4 y  4 : This line meets the x-axis at (4, 0) and the y-axis at (0, 1). Draw a thick line joining
these points.
We see that the origin (0,0) satisfies the inequation x  4 y  4 .
Hence, the portion containing the origin represents the Solution set of the inequation x  4 y  4

Clearly, x  0, y  0 represents the first quadrant.

Hence, the shaded region in the figure represents the Solution set of the given set of inequations.

(iii) Converting the inequations to equations, Thus,:

x – y  1, x  2 y  8, 2 x  y  2, x  0, y  0

x – y  1 : This line meets the x-axis at (1, 0) and the y-axis at (0, – 1). Draw a thick line joining
these points.
We see that the origin (0, 0) satisfies the inequation x – y  1 Hence, the portion containing the
origin represents the Solution set of the inequation x – y  1

x  2 y  8 : This line meets the x-axis at (8, 0) and the y-axis at (0, 4). Draw a thick line joining
these points.
We see that the origin (0, 0) satisfies the inequation x + 2y ≤ 8 Hence, the portion containing the
origin represents the Solution set of the inequation x + 2y ≤ 8

2 x  y  2 : This line meets the x-axis at (1, 0) and the y-axis at (0, 2). Draw a thick line joining
these points.
We see that the origin (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequation 2x + y ≥2 Hence, the portion that
does not contain the origin represents the Solution set of the inequation 2x + y ≥2

Clearly, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0 represents the first quadrant.

Hence, the shaded region in the figure represents the Solution set of the given set of inequations.

(iv) Converting the inequations to equations, Thus,:

x  y  1, 7 x  9 y  63, x  6, y  5

x  y  1 : This line meets the x-axis at (1, 0) and the y-axis at (0, 1). Draw a thick line joining
these points.
We see that the origin (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequation x  y  1 Hence, the portion not
containing the origin represents the Solution set of the inequation x  y  1

7 x  9 y  63 : This line meets the x-axis at (9, 0) and the y-axis at (0, 7). Draw a thick line
joining these points.
We see that the origin (0, 0) satisfies the inequation 7 x  9 y  63 Hence, the portion containing
the origin represents the Solution set of the inequation 7 x  9 y  63

x = 6: This line is parallel to the x-axis at a distance 6 units from it.

We see that the origin (0, 0) satisfies the inequation x ≤ 6 Hence, the portion containing the
origin represents the Solution set of the inequation x ≤ 6
y = 5: This line is parallel to the y-axis at a distance 5 units from it.
We see that the origin (0,0) satisfies the inequation y ≤ 5 Hence, the portion containing the origin
represents the Solution set of the inequation
y≤5

Clearly, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0 represents the first quadrant.

Hence, the shaded region in the figure represents the Solution set of the given set of inequations.

(v) Converting the inequations to equations, Thus,:

2 x  3 y  35, x  0, y  0

2 x  3 y  35 : This line meets the x-axis at (17.5, 0) and the y-axis at (0, 35/3). Draw a thick line
joining these points.
We see that the origin (0, 0) satisfies the inequation 2 x  3 y  35 Hence, the portion containing
the origin represents the Solution set of the inequation 2 x  3 y  35

x = 2: This line is parallel to the x-axis at a distance 2 units from it.

We see that the origin (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequation x ≥2 Hence, the portion that does not
contain the origin represents the Solution set of the inequation x ≥2

y = 3: This line is parallel to the y-axis at a distance 3 units from it.

We see that the origin (0, 0) does not satisfies the inequation y ≥ 3 Hence, the portion opposite to
the origin represents the Solution set of the inequation y ≥ 3

Clearly, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0 represents the first quadrant.

Hence, the shaded region in the figure represents the Solution set of the given set of inequations.
Question 2

Solution:

(i) Converting the inequations to equations, Thus,:

x – 2 y  0, 2 x – y   2, x  0, y  0

x  2 y  0 : This line meets the x-axis at (0, 0) and y-axis at (0, 0). If x = 1, then y = 1/2,
Hence we have another point (1, 1/2). Draw a thick line through (0, 0) and (1, 1/2).
We see that the origin (1, 0) satisfies the inequation x  2 y   3 Hence, the portion containing
the (1, 0) represents the Solution set of the inequation x  2 y  0

2 x – y   2 : This line meets the x-axis at (-1, 0) and y-axis at (0, 2). Draw a thick line joining
these points.
We see that the origin (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequation 2 x – y   2 Hence, the portion not
containing the origin represents the Solution set of the inequation 2 x – y   2

Clearly, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0 represents the first quadrant.

We see in the figure that there is no common region in all the lines. Hence, the Solution set to the
given set of inequations is empty.
(ii) Converting the inequations to equations, Thus,:
x  2 y  3, 3 x  4 y  12, y  1

x  2 y  3 : This line meets the x-axis at (3, 0) and y-axis at (0, 3/2). Draw a thick line joining
these points.
We see that the origin (0, 0) satisfies the inequation x  2 y  3 . Hence, the portion containing the
origin represents the Solution set of the inequation x  2 y  3

3 x  4 y  12 : This line meets the x-axis at (4, 0) and y-axis at (0, 3). Draw a thick line joining
these points.
We see that the origin (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequation 3 x  4 y  12 Hence, the portion not
containing the origin represents the Solution set of the inequation 3 x  4 y  12

y = 1: This line is parallel to x-axis at a distance of 1 unit from it.

We see that the origin (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequation y ≥ 1 Hence, the portion not
containing the origin represents the Solution set of the inequation y ≥ 1

Clearly, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0 represents the first quadrant.

We see in the figure that there is no common region in all the lines.

Hence, the Solution set to the given set of inequations is empty.

Question 3
Solution :

Considering the line 2 x  3 y  6 , we find that the shaded region and the origin (0, 0) are on the
opposite side of this line and (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequation 2 x  3 y  6 Hence, the first
inequation is 2 x  3 y  6

Considering the line 4 x  6 y  24 , we find that the shaded region and the origin (0, 0) are on the
same side of this line and (0, 0) satisfies the inequation 4 x  6 y  24 Hence, the corresponding
inequation is 4 x  6 y  24

Considering the line x – 2 y  2 , we find that the shaded region and the origin (0, 0) are on the
same side of this line and (0, 0) satisfies the inequation x – 2 y  2 Hence, the corresponding
inequation is x – 2 y  2

Considering the line  3 x  2 y  3 , we find that the shaded region and the origin (0, 0) are on the
same side of this line and (0, 0) satisfies the inequation  3 x  2 y  3 Hence, the corresponding
inequation is  3 x  2 y  3 -3x + 2y ≤ 3

Hence, the shaded region is in the first quadrant. Therefore, we must have x ≥0 and y≥0

Thus, the linear inequations comprising the given Solution set are given below:

2 x  3 y  6, 4 x  6 y  24, x – 2 y  2,  3 x  2 y  3, x  0 and y  0

Question 4
Solution:

Considering the line x  y  4 , we find that the shaded region and the origin (0, 0) are on the
same side of this line and (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequation x  y  4

Hence, the first inequation is x  y  4

Considering the line y = 3, we find that the shaded region and the origin (0, 0) are on the same
side of this line and (0, 0) satisfies the inequation y ≤ 3 Hence, the corresponding inequation is y
≤3

Considering the line x = 3, we find that the shaded region and the origin (0, 0) are on the same
side of this line and (0, 0) satisfies the inequation x ≤ 3 Hence, the corresponding inequation is x
≤3

Considering the line x  5 y  4 , we find that the shaded region and the origin (0, 0) are on the
opposite side of this line and (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequation x  5 y  4

Hence, the corresponding inequation is x  5 y  4

Considering the line 6 x  2 y  8 , we find that the shaded region and the origin (0, 0) are on the
opposite side of this line and (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequation 6 x  2 y  8 Hence, the
corresponding inequation is 6 x  2 y  8

Hence the shaded region is in the first quadrant. Therefore, we must have x ≥ 0 and y ≥ 0

Thus, the linear inequations comprising the given Solution set are given below:
x  y  4, y  3, x  3, x  5 y  4, 6 x  2 y  8, x  0 and y  0

Question 5

Solution:

Converting the inequations to equations, Thus,:

x  y  9, 3 x  y  12, x  0, y  0

x  y  9 : This line meets the x-axis at (9, 0) and y-axis at (0, 9). Draw a thick line through these
points.
Now, we see that the origin (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequation x  y  9 Therefore, the potion
that does not contain the origin is the Hence solution set to the inequaltion x  y  9

3 x  y  12 : This line meets the x-axis at (4, 0) and y-axis at (0, 12). Draw a thick line through
these points.
Now, we see that the origin (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequation 3 x  y  12 . Therefore, the
potion that does not contain the origin is the Hence solution set to the inequaltion 3 x  y  12 .

Hence, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0 represents the first quadrant. Hence, the solution set lies in the first quadrant.

Hence, solution set, the shaded region is unbounded (infinite). Hence, the solution set to the
given set of inequalities is an unbounded set.

Question 6

Solution:
(i) Converting the inequations to equations, Thus,:
2 x  y  8, x  2 y  8, x  y  6

2x + y = 8: This line meets the x-axis at (4, 0) and y-axis at (0, 8). Draw a thick line through
these points.
Now, we see that the origin (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequation 2x + y ≥ 8.
Therefore, the region that does not contain the origin is the Hence solution of the inequality 2x +
y ≥8

x + 2y = 8: This line meets the x-axis at (8, 0) and y-axis at (0, 4). Draw a thick line through
these points.
Now, we see that the origin (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequation x + 2y ≥ 8
Therefore, the region that does not contain the origin is the Solution of the inequality x + 2y ≥ 8
x + y = 6: This line meets the x-axis at (6, 0) and y-axis at (0, 6). Draw a thick line through these
points.
Now, we see that the origin (0, 0) satisfies the inequation x + y ≤6 Therefore, the region
containing the origin is the solution of the inequality x + y ≤6

Hence, the inequalities is the intersection of the above three Solutions. Thus, the shaded region
represents the solution set of the given set of inequalities.

(ii) Converting the inequations to equations, Thus,:

12 x  12 y  840, 3 x  6 y  300, 8 x  4 y  480, x  0, y  0

12x + 12y = 840: This line meets the x-axis at (70, 0) and y-axis at (0, 70). Draw a thick line
through these points.
Now, we see that the origin (0, 0) satisfies the inequation 12x + 12y ≤ 840
Therefore the region containing the origin is the Solution of the inequality 12x + 12y ≤ 840

3x + 6y =300: This line meets the x-axis at (100, 0) and y-axis at (0, 50). Draw a thick line
through these points.
Now, we see that the origin (0, 0) satisfies the inequation 3x + 6y ≤300
Therefore, the region containing the origin is the Solution of the inequality 3x + 6y ≤300

8x + 4y = 480: This line meets the x-axis at (60, 0) and y-axis at (0, 120). Draw a thick line
through these points.
Now, we see that the origin (0, 0) satisfies the inequation 8x + 4y ≤ 480 Therefore, the region
containing the origin is the Solution of the inequality 8x + 4y ≤ 480

Hence, x  0, y  0 represents the first quadrant.

Hence, the Solution set must lie in the first quadrant.

Hence, the Solution to the inequalities is the intersection of the above three Solutions. Thus, the
shaded region represents the Solution set of the given set of inequalities.

(iii) Converting the inequations to equations, Thus,:

x + 2y = 40, 3x + y = 30, 4x + 3y = 60

x + 2y = 40: This line meets the x-axis at (40, 0) and y-axis at (0, 20). Draw a thick line through
these points.
We see that the origin (0,0) satisfies the inequation x + 2y ≤ 40
Therefore, the region containing the origin is the Solution of the inequality x + 2y ≤ 40

3x + y = 30: This line meets the x-axis at (10, 0) and y-axis at (0, 30). Draw a thick line through
these points.
We see that the origin (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequation 3x + y ≥ 30
Therefore, the region that does not contain the origin is the Solution of the inequality 3x + y ≥ 30

4x + 3y = 60: This line meets the x-axis at (15, 0) and y-axis at (0, 20). Draw a thick line through
these points.
We see that the origin (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequation 4x + 3y ≥ 60 Therefore, the region
that does not contain the origin is the Solution of the inequality 4x + 3y ≥ 60

Hence, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0 represents the first quadrant. Hence, the Solution set must be in the first
quadrant.
Hence, the Solution to the inequalities is the intersection of the above three Solutions. Thus, the
shaded region represents the Solution set of the given set of inequalities.

(iv) Converting the inequations to equations, Thus,:

5x + y = 10, 2x + 2y = 12, x + 4y = 12
5x + y =10: This line meets the x-axis at (2, 0) and y-axis at (0, 10). Draw a thick line through
these points.
We see that the origin (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequation 5x + y ≥ 10
Therefore, the region that does not contain the origin is the Solution of the inequality 5x + y ≥10

2x + 2y = 12: This line meets the x-axis at (6, 0) and y-axis at (0, 6). Draw a thick line through
these points.
We see that the origin (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequation 2 x  2 y  12
Therefore, the region that does not contain the origin is the Solution of the inequality
2 x  2 y  12

x + 4y = 12: This line meets the x-axis at (12, 0) and y-axis at (0, 3). Draw a thick line through
these points.
We see that the origin (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequation x + 4y ≥ 12
Therefore, the region that does not contain the origin is the Solution of the inequality
x + 4y ≥ 12

Hence, x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0 represents the first quadrant. Hence, the Solution set must be in the first
quadrant.
Hence, the Solution to the inequalities is the intersection of the above three Solutions. Thus, the
shaded region represents the Solution set of the given set of inequalities.
Here, the Solution set is unbounded region.

Question 8

Solution: Consider x  2 y  3, 3 x  4 y  12, x  0, y  1.

Now let’s plot lines x + 2y = 3, 3x + 4y = 12, x = 0 and y = 1 in coordinate plane.

Line x  2 y  3 passes through the points (0, 3/2) and (3, 0).
Line 3x + 4y = 12 passes through points (4, 0) and (0, 3).
For  0,0 ,0  2  0 – 3  0
Therefore, the region satisfying the inequality x  2 y  3 and (0,0) lie on the same side of the line
x  2y  3
For  0,0 ,3 0  4  0 12  0
Therefore, the region satisfying the inequality 3x + 4y ≥ 12 and (0, 0) lie on the opposite side of
the line 3x + 4y = 12.
The region satisfying x > 0 lies to the right hand side of the y-axis.
The region satisfying y > 1 lies above the line y = 1.
These regions are plotted as:
Hence, the linear equation has no solution.

Question 9

Solution: Consider 2 x  y  8, x  2 y  10, x  0, y  0.

Now, consider 2 x  y  8 passes through the points (0, 8) and (4, 0) and x  2 y  1 passes
through points (10, 0) and (0, 5).
For  0,0 ,2  0   0 –8  0
Therefore, the region satisfying the inequality 2 x  y  8 and (0, 0) lie on the opposite side of the
line 2 x  y  8
For  0,0 ,  0  2  0 10  0 .
Therefore, the region satisfying the inequality x  2 y  10 and  0,0 lie on the opposite side of
the line x  2 y  10 .
Also, for x ≥ 0, y ≥0, region lies in the first quadrant.
The common region is plotted as shown in the following figure.

Hence, the common shaded portion is unbounded.

Chapter: Linear Inequations

Exercise: 15 VSA

Page Number: 15.31

Question 1

Solution:
x2
Consider,  0.
x2
Equating both the numerator and the denominator with zero, we obtain x=0 and x=2 as critical
points.
Plot these points on the real line, the real line is divided into three regions.

Therefore, the solution set of the given inequality is x   2,   .

Question 2

Solution:
1
Consider x   2.
x
x2  1
2
x
x2  1
20
x
2
 x  1
0
x
2 2
Therefore, either  x  1  0 and x  0 or  x  1  0 and x  0
2
But,  x  1 is always greater than zero
Therefore,
2
 x  1  0 and x  0
x0
Hence, x   0,  
Question 3
Solution:
Consider  x 2  2 x  1  x  4   0.
2
 x  1  x  4   0
Equating each one to zero, we obtain x=1 and x= 4.Therefore, 1 and 4 are critical points.Drawing
the number lines, we get:

Therefore, the solution set of the given inequality is x   ,1  1, 4 

Question 4
Solution:
Consider 2  x  x  2.
Now, when 2  x  0 , then
2 x  2 x
2 x  x2
2 x  x2
2x  4
x2
So, this condition is satisfied when x =2.
When 2  x  0 , then:
2  x   2  x
2 x  x2
 2  x  x  2
2  x  x  2
2  2
So, this condition is satisfied when x  2
Hence, from the given two cases, the solution set of the given equation is  2, 
Question 5
Solution:
Consider x  1  3 and x  1  1.
1  3  x  1  3 and x  1  1 or x  1  1
2  x  4 and x  0 or x  2
x   2, 4 and x   , 0   2,  
Hence, x   2, 0   2, 4
Question 6

Solution:
1
We have  2  4.
x
Here, two cases arise.
1
CASE 1: When  2  0 , then
x
 1
2 4
x
1
24  0
x
1
6
x
 1
x   0, 
 6
1
CASE 2: When  2  0 , then:
x
1 1
2  2
x x
1
 24
x
1
2
x
1
 2
x
 1
x   ,  
 2
Hence, the solution set of the given in equation is the union of the two solutions.
 1  1
x   ,     0, 
 2  6
Question 7

Solution:
x2 1
Consider,  .
x2  1 2
x2 1

x2  1 2
x2 1
 0
x2  1 2

2  x  2  x2  1  0

2 x2  1 
 x2  2x  3
0

2 x2  1 
To make the fraction of the left side positive, either the numerator or the denominator should be
positive or both should be negative.Since, it is clear that the denominator is positive, the
numerator must be positive.
 x2  2x  3  0
x2  2 x  3  0
x  3x  1  0
Now, to make the left side negative, one of these i.e. (x-3) or (x+1) should be positive and the
other should be negative.
Also, x  1  x  3 therefore,
x  1  0 and x  3  0
x  1 and x  3'
x   1,3
The integral solution of x is 0, 1, 2 .
Hence, there are 3 integral solutions of the given inequation.

Question 8

Solution:
x2
We have, 5 x  2  3 x  8and  4.
x 1
x2 3 x  2
2x<6 and  4  0 implies that x   ,3 and for  0
x 1 x 1
Critical points are 1 and 2.
x   2,     ,1  x   ,1   2,3
Question 9

Solution:
1
Consider x   2.
x
1
Implies, x   2  0
x
1 1 1
When x   0, then x   x 
x x x
Now,
1
x 20
x
x2  1  2 x
0
x
x  0 and x  0
x   0,1  1,  

1 1  1
When x   0, then x     x  
x x  x
Now,
1
x 20
x
1
x   2  0
x
x  0 and x  1
x   , 1   1, 0 

Thus, the solution set of the given inequation is the union of the solutions,
Hence, the solution is x  R  –1, 0,1

Question 10

Solution:
We have x  1  x  3
The LHS of the inequation has two seperate modulus. Equating these to zero, we obtain x=1,3 as
critical points.
These points divide the real line in three regions, i.e (-∞,1], [1,3], [3,∞).CASE 1:
When -∞<x≤1, then x-1=-(x-1) and x-3=-(x-3)
Therefore,
x 1  x  3  0
  x  1 –  x  3  0
x 1 x  3  0
2  0
But this is not possible
When 1  x  3 then:
x  1  x  1and x  3    x  3
x 1  x  3  0
x 1  x  3  0
2x  4
x2
x   2,  
When 3  x   , then:
x  1  x  1 and x  3  x  3
x 1 x  3  0
x 1  x  3  0
20
This is true.
Hence, the solution to the given inequality comes from cases 2 and 3.
Thus,  2,    3,     2,  
Hence, x   2,  
Exercise: 15 MCQ

Page Number: 15.31

Question 1

Solution: The answer is (c)

Consider, x 7
Multiply by 1 , thus:
 x  7

Question 2

Solution: The solution is (a)

Consider 3 x  17  13
3x  17  13
3 x  30
x  10
Hence, the solution is x  10,  

Question 3

Solution: The solution is (a)

Consider, x  y
x y

b b

Question 4

Solution: The solution is (b).

Question 5
a)

Solution: The solution is (d)

CASE 1: When x  0 , then
xa
xa 0
x   0,  a 
CASE 2: When x  0 , then:
 x  x
x  a
x  a
x   , a 
Hence, the solution set of the given in equation is the union of the two solutions.
x   ,  a    a ,  

Question 6

Solution: The answer is (c)

CASE 1: When x  1  0 , then
x 1  5
x 1  5  0
x6
x   6,  
CASE 2: When x  1  0 , then:
 x  1  5
x  4
x   , 4 
Hence, the solution set of the given in equation is the union of the two solutions.
x   , 4    6,  

Question 7

Solution: The solution is (b).

Question 8

Solution: The answer is (b)

Question 9

Solution: The answer is (c)

Question 10

Solution: The answer is (b)

Question 11

Solution: The answer is(b)

Question 12

(a)

Solution: The answer is (d)

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