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Leadership & Management

in Organization
MBA1054

Leadership Variable, Theories, Traits, Models and Styles

Dr Khairir Khalil
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Learning Objectives

 To describe the variables that determine leadership effectiveness.

 To assess qualities that distinguish a leader.
 To know susceptibility to leadership influence.
 To identify situations in which to lead.
 To know about intelligence and leadership strength
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Leadership Trait Theory
Six traits of leadership
1. Need for achievement
 Seeking responsibility, working hard to succeed
2. Intelligence
 Using good judgement, having good reasoning and thinking capability.
3. Decisiveness
 Making difficult decisions with undue hesitation
4. Self-confidence
 Having a positive self image as a capable and effective person
5. Initiative
 Being a self-starter, getting jobs done with minimal supervision
6. Supervisory ability
 Getting job done through others
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Leadership Behaviour
9

1,9 9,9
Country Club Ideal
Manager Manager

The Managerial
5,5
Concern for People 5 Average (Leadership)
Manager Grid

1,1 9,1
Impoverished Sweatshop
Manager Manager

1
1 5 9
Concern for Production
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Leadership Contingency Theory

 The most appropriate leadership qualities and actions vary from situation to situation.

Leader
• Personal values
• Security
• Confidence

Follower
• Competency
Leadership
• Experience Effectiveness
• Readiness / Interest

Situation
• Organization structure
• Information
• Time
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Transformational Leadership

Transformational Leadership Transactional Leadership

 Introduces changes to achieve  Focuses on processes to
high performance achieve set goals
 Aspires individuals to accept  Uses rewards to motivate
and welcome changes individuals
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Leadership Style

 How leaders work with their followers.

Directive Participative Free-Rein

Leader Leader Leader

Followers Followers Followers

Leader Work Group Follower

Emphasis Emphasis Emphasis
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