Tomás Arejola (September 18, 1865 - May 22, 1926) was a Filipino lawyer, legislator, diplomat, political writer

and
a propagandist during the Spanish colonial period. A mason and a liberal, he openly campaigned for political
reforms in the Philippines. But this was to pass and the Americans took over. During the Commonwealth period,
Arejola joined the Nacionalista Party becoming its first vice-president and twice in the elections of 1907 and 1911
was elected the Representative of Ambos Camarines.

Early Life and Education

Arejola was born in Nueva Caceres (now Naga City) in Ambos Camarines, Philippines (now Camarines Sur). His
parents were Antonio Arejola and Emeteria Padilla and he had five siblings:Ludovico, who became a General in the
Filipino-American War, Leoncio, who became a priest and three women, Fabiana, Encarnacion and Dolores.
Prominent and wealthy, his family possessed large tracts of farmland in the province and was into cattle-raising.
Arejola studied Humanities at the Colegio Seminario de Nueva Caceres (1878–1884) and took his Bachelor of Arts
at San Juan de Letran. By 1886, he earned a Surveyor's degree at the University of Santo Tomas while also starting
a Law course in the same school. He convinced his father to allow him to finish his law in Madrid. He was disgusted
with his professors who were favoring the Spanish mestizos in his school. So in August 1886 he sailed for Spain. In
1888 when he was aged 22, he finished his course in Law at the Central Universidad de Madrid.

Life in Madrid
A prolific writer and a brilliant orator, he found common cause with the Filipino propagandists residing in Madrid.
José Rizal, Marcelo del Pilar, Lopez Jaena, Juan Luna and many others became his close friends and they all were
one in crying out for reforms in the colonial administration of the country. Arejola was bold particularly in writing
articles in the more liberal newspapers in Madrid spelling out three demands upon the Spanish colonial
authorities: a. institute political reforms in the administration of the colony, b. representation of the Philippines to
the Spanish Cortes, c.) conversion of the Philippine as an integral province of Spain.

Circulo Hispano-Filipino
He became a very active member of the Asociacion Hispano Filipino whose president was Prof. Miguel Morayta of
Central Universidad de Madrid. He also joined Colonia Organizada de Madrid whose first president was Jose Rizal.
When the Asociacion Hispano-Filipino folded up, he organized the Circulo Hispano-Filipino where he became its
first president and its secretary was Mariano Ponce.
His love for his country was unremitting and his articles were almost ubiquitous in La Vanguardia (Madrid), El Paris,
El Progreso, La Correspondencia de España, Heraldo de Madrid and in La solidaridad, the newspaper put up by the
Filipino ilustrados in Barcelona, Spain. The dominant theme in his articles was for the institution of political reforms
in his home country.
In 1896, at the time he was president of Circulo Hispano-Filipino, the revolution in the colony broke out and he was
hauled to prison on suspicion he was connected with the rebellion at home. According to Evelyn Caldera Soriano in
her book Bicolano Revolutionaries Arejola was detained for four days in Carcel Modelo in Madrid together with
Jose Oriola and Francisco Colon as reported in La Correspondencia which wrote of the existence of a club of
Filipino separatists sympathetic to the Cuban rebels. He was released after finding no solid evidence against him.
To cool things off, he hied off Lisbon, Portugal. But shortly after, he returned to Madrid where he became the
president of the newly organized Filipino Republican Committee which was more militant than the previous
organizations he joined.
Sadly, news reached him that amidst the turmoil in his home country, his father Antonio Arejola and his brother
Ludovico were arrested and exiled to Fernando Po together with other Filipinos who came from Albay province.
But due to his connections with influential Masons such as Dr. Miguel Morayta, Emilio Castelar and Francisco Pi y
Margall, he obtained the release of his father Antonio and one albayano named Macario Samson. Afterwards, in
February 1898 he obtained the freedom of his brother Ludovico and ten other Filipinos.
Amidst this turmoil, Spain was already about to conclude the Treaty of Paris with the United States of America in
the last month of 1898. Taking advantage of the period, Aguinaldo and his men formed the Malolos Congress on
January 1, 1898 and after approving a Constitution, declared the independence of the Philippines on June 12, 1898.
Arejola returned home previously by way of Hong Kong where he participated in organizing the Central
Revolutionary Committee headed by Galicano Apacible. Arejola was one of the four delegates representing Ambos
Camarines in the historic Congress. His three other co-delegates were Justo Lucban, Valeriano Velarde and
Mariano Quien.

The American Dispensation

By December 1898, Spain formally turned over the Philippine colony to the United States of America thru the
Treaty of Paris in the amount of 20 million dollars. This was an exceptional period, Spanish power was on the
wane, American power was rising on the horizon and the Filipino aspiration for self-governance was emerging but
this was to be nipped in the bud. The Filipino forces under Emilio Aguinaldo battled the American army but the
superiority in arms of the latter proved too much. In fact, Arejola's brother Ludovico became the General who met
the oncoming American forces in Ambos Camarines but his brother's army was puny and ill-equipped and by
March 31, 1901 Ludovico's ragtag army surrendered and entered Naga and was received by the Americans in full
honors.
Meanwhile, Tomas Arejola, between 1902 and 1906 was in Japan together with Mariano Ponce and other
educated Filipinos who were already planning to carry the fight thru parliamentary means. By 1907, they organized
the Partido Nacionalista. Tomas Arejola became its first vice-president and in the subsequent elections he ran
twice for two terms as Representative of Ambos Camarines and won (1907–1915).

In Congress, he became the Chairman of the Committee on Public Works, Forests and Mines and member of the
Committee on Railways, Schools and Franchises. Thru his efforts, roads in Polangui were built, roads connecting
Daet, San Vicente, Talisay and Indan were constructed while a road linking Tigaon to Goa became a reality. The
bridge in Tabuco, Naga City and the Pawili bridge in Bula were his pet projects. He was the creator of the town of
Canaman. Markets, and many schools he also legislated into existence among which was the Nueva Caceres High
School (now Camarines Sur National High School) and other schools in Ambos Camarines but now within the
province of Camarines Norte. He was also the major proponent of the law establishing the National Library of the
Philippines.
In the election of 1916, Bicol was an entire senatorial district (6th District) and Arejola won the office as Senator of
said district. The election for the district, however, was nullified by the Commission on Elections due to
irregularities. Still up for a fight, Arejola run as a candidate in the election of 1919 for provincial governors. [1] But it
was Julian Ocampo who won in the election. After this, Arejola quit politics for good.
His service to the nation was almost for a lifetime and he only married at the late age of 44. In December 4, 1909
he married a 16-year-old Spanish lass, Mercedes Caldera, daughter of a Spanish surgeon named Bibiano Caldera.
They enjoyed a blissful marriage for sixteen years but unfortunately they bore no children. Arejola died in 1926 at
the age of 60 due to tuberculosis.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tomás_Arejola

Ludovico "Vicong" Arejola (Nueva Caceres, January 31 , 1861 - May 21 , 1934 ) is a general and Bikolong
revolutionary who fought the Filipino-American Gera igdi in Ambos Camarines . He took a turn and went to a
Filipino troop who was well armed with American soldiers who were attacking and captured in Ambos Camarines.

Family
From the rich and rich family, he is the son of Antonio Arejola and Emeteria Padilla of Nueva Caceres . He is the
youngest person in the world. Next to him was Leoncio (a padi), Thomas (a propagandist and deputy) and more
than four women, Fabiana , Encarnacion and Dolores.
In his early teodora Imperial (Sinforoso Imperial of Albay), he had four children, Angustia (Alvarez), Esperanza,
Aurora, and Ramon. In the second half, Flora Cepe (Taga Buhi) plays with his son: Luis and Estella.
Education

He traveled to Seminario Conciliar de Nueva Caceres , then traveled to San Juan de Letran near Bachillerato en
Artes, then joined the school in the same school, in 1880, 1884. lastly we were talking to a friend. He returned to
Manila to bring his expedition to the extent that he would be able to meet Filipinos who were very fascinated and
liberal ideas, which would have been frustrated by Spanish authorities. He is said to have been on his way to Albay
and is currently serving on his rice paddy, Teodorico Padilla. He helped his son, Teodora Imperial. In the
Philippines, he became a fellow scholar in Juzgado de 1.a Instancia de Camarines. He then got the exam that he
had earned a third place and a secretary in the Ayuntamiento, something that the Spanish gentleman ridiculed.

When the revolution in August, 1896, in Manila, governor Ramon Blanco, to criticize the Spanish anti-Filipino
writers, Pablo Feced (Quioquiap), the ambassadors of Ambos Camarines were strangers in connection with the
rebellion. One of the best in the world is that Tomas Prieto, who is in the thunder, is making a massive firearm in
Cavite by the Spanish colonists in Nueva Caceres; and September 20th of that year 1896, it would be inferior to the
conspirators. They are Ludovico Arejola, Antonio Arejola, Vicente Ursua , Francisco Alvarez and other prominent
Camarinesians who were arrested, and deported to Fernando Poo , in Africa .
They boarded the Montanes boat on Octobre 10, 1896, arriving in Manila and reaching it, settled in Isla de Luzon
directly to Spain . Hale of Spain, they are pigdestierro in that African island. On their trip, they were trapped in the
hands of the Spanish guard, inviting them to heat up and what they were suffering. Antonio and Ludovico fell into
the malaria hunt. These stories were incorporated by Francisco Alvarez's writings which have been filed in
Fernando Poo and have been in Madrid and have also been written down by their predecessors.
However, Thomas's connection to Mason's influences was that Emilio Castelar and Francisco Pi y Margall went to
see his father Antonio and his son Macario Samson . In February 1898, Thomas was later rescued by his brother
Ludovico and the rest of Bicol who were exiled to the island

The Americans attacked Bicol in Sola at Sorsogon on January 20, 1900 and February 20, a US flotilla flown to Sola 's
San Miguel (Camarines Sur), and arrived at Calabanga, Barcelonita, Cabusao the American armed forces, which are
the brigade of the 407th Regiment owned by Hen. John Coalter Bates . The captain of the Lukban forces in
Calabanga said that, in the wake of the superior weaponry of the american, they were forced to drag.
The Nation's attack on Americans has no force for them and they are free of charge to the people of Naga,
especially since the Filipino troops have been so big, with Hen's leadership. Antonio Guevara y Mendoza, returning
to Manila for a brief breakthrough and explaining the defense of Ambos Camarines to Ludovico Arejola.
In the meantime, Arejola was in awe of his forces as opposed to the troubled American troop of Naga, where he
had planned to plunder Lt. Colonel Dimalibot in Pili. The Americans fled to Pili and reached February 25, 1900, their
troop of Arejola and Dimalibot in the battlefield, Baao.
Closer to Makdaya, Baao
At the end of the encounter with the two forces, in the words of an American soldier who was in the fight, George
R. Clements, "... the troops (Filipino) were fighting hard, they knew we were losing and they are afraid to take care
of the dead as they go down to the back of the trees. They are, in fact, lost their noses, they have a nailed sword,
they have been shot dead by guns. firing squeeze. " At the end of the day, it ended.
(The above story was followed by a statement by an American writer Dr. George R. Clements, from Sebring,
Florida, United States, who wrote to Mayor Vicente Sibulo in the 1960's when he talked about the conflict that
occurred in the province , Baao on February 25, 1900. The letter was published in an article that saves the Naga
Times in 1970.)
Among Soriano, three American soldiers have been fighting in Agdangan, Baao is a Filipino troop.
Capacity, on Arejola's shoulder was involved in the resistance of the province of Ambos Camarines, and
Catanduanes.
So, the Colonel of Arejola was still there, to force the Bikolano forces to join the army and to fight him, the lack of
resources and resources, to fear the American drivers, the more organized, the better 'eensayo, and more
weapons. No matter how hard they encounter, they are pushing American patriots.
On March 10, the four Bikolano summers gathered in Taban, Minalabac and the union of the military. At the
decision of the majority, military officers were accused of extortion in the Americans or sought refinement, and
chose Arejola as Commander of the Commonwealth general, and Elias Angeles from Bernabe Dimalibot as
lieutenant colonel.
Tolostolos, he took two columns for his benefit, and the second was Elias Angeles . Column boundaries consist of
15 tiradores (captive rifles) and 110 macheteros (chubby cuffs). Theirs is the Eye, Minalabac.
On March 17, he co-organized five columns: First, by Koronel Elias Angeles, second, by Captain Jose Vasquez,
fourth, by Captain Leonardo Atos Imperial, fourth, to Simeon Buenaventura, and fifth to Captain Nemesio David.
The labeled column is 115 macheteros and 10 tiradores, around.
He demanded his superior talent in his efforts to organize the provinces of Ambos Camarines and Catanduanes in
five military zones. The first congresses are Nueva Caceres (Naga), Milaor, Minalabac, San Fernando, Bula, Nabua
and Bato. This was served by the Distinguished Coronel Bernabe Dimalibot. The second conglomerates of Pasacao,
Pamplona, Canaman, Camaligan, Gainza, Libmanan, Sipocot, Lupi, Ragay. Maj. Isidro Martinez. The third zone is
Calabanga, Bombon, Quipayo, Pili, Baao, Mabatobato (Ocampo), Iriga, Buhi. under the control of Lt. K. oronel
Pedro Pantonilla and Peter Otivat. The fourth zone covers Tinambac, Siruma, Lagonoy, San Jose, Goa, Tigaon,
Sangay, Caramaoan, Catanduanes. They are Kap. Florentino Era salt Kap. Elisha Nisola is upset. In the fifth zone,
sponsored by Daet, San Vicente, Basud, Labo, Paracale, Mambulao (Vinzons), Indan, Calasagasan, Capalonga,
lieutenant Colonel Raymundo Segovia.
In all zones, Dimalibot has created a series of military and military courts for the cultivation of wire disciplines. He
also notes that the order of Arejola is all-well-advised to provide regular reports on matters pertaining to the
victims and to the compensation of those families.
When it came to being a tough one when the hockey was organized, Arejola made military campaigns against the
american. We've witnessed the battles in various places in plowing weapons and to wreak havoc on the american
forces. Then the Americans hit the floor of San Jose, Pili, Anayan and Pili houses, San Fernando, San Fernando,
Taban, Minalabac, where they had to spend some time on the beach. Throughout the encounter in the Middle
East, Buhay, Sibagat, Tinambac. At Libmanan, beaten battles against American troops struck by Koronel Vicente
Ursua and Lieutenant Colonel Wenceslao Mercado in February 1900.
In the intensity of Arejola's troops, the superior forces of the american have access to the women who oppose
them. Here we call Damas Benemeritas de la Patria , which is theirs: Dona Faviana Sierra Vda. de Jacob (tagaNaga),
Dona Rita Garchitorena (taga Jose), Dona Antonio Cecilio Vda. de Pardo (tagaNaga), Dona Fabiana Arejola Vda. de
Reyes (also Ludovico), Dona Encarnacion Arejola de Hilado (in Pili, as Ludovico), Dona Emilia Nisola de Reyes
(Dancer), Dona Marta Bera Vda. de Llamas (tagaMinalabac), Dona Laureana Sierra de Valenciano (tagaNaga). These
include lumps, bills, money, whites and other troopers; They also care for those who care and love.
Later, Ludovico's father, Antonio Arejola, is open to a host of tactics for troops. He was convinced that he himself
had been attacking the forces of Ludovico and his resources he would contribute to the success of his soldiers.
According to the record, Soriano said, 1,500 cattle, 1,200 seaweeds, and 500,000 seals were given to Ludovico's
forces. I also wanted to join a group of combatants, but in the end, Antonio did not allow his son Ludovico.
At the same time in the open battle, Arejola published a newspaper, El Oriente , in 1900 in the heartbeat and
boycott of the Bikolano about tripping the country's political interests against the widespread American conquest.
This publication has yet to reach 1902.

Surrender
However, it was even harder and harder for Hen. Be warned to fight, to attack the americans, to treat civilians, as
well as to fight the firearms and the Filipino troops, and to deal with the weaponry, the Hen. I hope that will be
surrendered.
He was seen by two US military officers, 1Lt. George Curry and 2Lt. George VH Mosely of the 9th Cavalry is still in
the backseat, six miles away in Minalabac without a troop, and in this place he has surrendered. Once again, his
father Padre Leoncio Arejola, he would have been able to end his work for a long time in the situation in the
country.
As of March 31, 1901, Hen. Arejola, comprised of 30 officers (1 Colonel, 3 Lieutenant Colonel, 5 major, 21 junior
officers) and 800 staff members, accompanied Nueva Caceres, the other two American officers, and surrendered to
Koronel Edward Moale, CO the 15th Infantary of the United States. They had some kind of coarse rays that they
had made up of 43 rifles, 12 rifles, and hundreds of knives. Soriano said, though he was angry with the two
columns in the Americans, the officers had 34 claws.
Hen.Arejola is a civil governor of Ambos Camarines who will be fascinated by her festivity. On the contrary, he
assumed the work of the Court as a scholar. Even so, that is his culpability to gain independence from the
Philippines. He was the President of the revolutionary veterans who, in a meeting of October 12, 1929, resolved
that America's resolute resolution to cure the Filipino people of sincerity .
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https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludovico_Arejola