INTRODUCTION TO

OOSAD
PREREQUISITE CONCEPTS TO COURSE
SMUKUKA@ZICTCOLLEGE.EDU.ZM 0969552655
KEY CONCEPTS TO UNDERSTAND

1. System
2. Information System
3. Systems Analysis
4. Systems Design
5. Information Systems Analysis
6. Structured Systems Analysis and Design Methodology (SSADM)
7. System Development Life Cycle
8. Object Oriented Concepts
 SYSTEM

• A set of interrelated and interconnected components

working together to achieve a predefined objective.

• The key concepts to understand here are interrelated – This

implies relationships and connections

• This two concepts should be clearly understand

SYSTEM

• The success and efficiency of a system is very dependent on how best we are able to
understand, define, design and implement relationships and connections of components in
a given a system

• The understanding of relationships is key in OOSAD. Please take note.

EXAMPLES OF SYSTEMS

1. Government Systems
2. Ecosystem
3. Digestive System
4. Computer System
5. Education System
 INFORMATION SYSTEM
• An information system can be defined technically as a set of interrelated components that collect (or
retrieve), process, store, and distribute information to support decision making and control in an
organization. In addition to supporting decision making, coordination, and control, information
systems may also help managers and workers analyze problems, visualize complex subjects, and
create new products. (KC & JP Laudon – Management Information System - Managing the Digital Firm, 13 th Edition)
INFORMATION SYSTEM

• An Information System can also be defined as a highly organized combination of human

and computer based resources that is used in the collecting of data, processing that into
information and communicating that information to various levels of management for the
purpose decision making.
SYSTEMS ANALYSIS

Systems analysis – a problem-solving technique that decomposes a system into its

component pieces for the purpose of studying how well those component parts work and
interact to accomplish their purpose.
(JL Whitten & LD Bentley – Systems Analysis and Design Methods, 6 th Edition)
SYSTEMS DESIGN

• Systems design – a complementary problem-solving technique (to systems analysis) that

reassembles a system’s component pieces back into a complete system—hopefully, an
improved system. This may involves adding, deleting, and changing pieces relative to the
original system.
(JL Whitten & LD Bentley – Systems Analysis and Design Methods, 6 th Edition)
INFORMATION SYSTEMS ANALYSIS

Information systems analysis – those development phases in an information systems

development project that primarily focus on the business problem and requirements,
independent of any technology that can or will be used to implement a solution to that
problem.
(JL Whitten & LD Bentley – Systems Analysis and Design Methods, 6 th Edition)
STRUCTURED SYSTEMS ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
METHODOLOGY (SSADM)

Structured Systems Analysis and Design Method (SSADM) is a method developed in Great
Britain and accepted in 1993 as a national standard for information systems development
and analysis. SSADM is based on Data Flow Diagrams and is characterized with presence
of clear sequence of steps at projecting, analysis, and documenting of information system.
SSADM

• SSADM breaks up a development project into stages, modules, steps and tasks.
• The techniques used in SSADM are
1. Logical data modeling
2. Data flow modeling
3. Entity behavior modeling
SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE (SDLC)

The Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is a conceptual model widely used in project
management that describes and focusses on stages involved in an information system
development project.
 SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE (SDLC)

The stages involved in the SDLC are

1. Planning
2. Feasibility Study
3. Analysis
4. Design
5. Development (Programming)
6. Testing
7. Implementation (Deployment)
8. Maintenance
OBJECT ORIENTED METHODOLOGY

In the object-oriented Methodology focuses on capturing the structure and behavior of

information systems, into small modules that combines both data and process. The main
aim of Object Oriented Design (OOD) is to improve the quality and productivity of system
analysis and design by making it more usable
 OBJECT ORIENTED CONCEPTS
• Classes and Objects
• Message and Methods
• Encapsulation
• Association, Aggregation and Composition
• Inheritance
• Polymorphism
• Abstraction
• Modularity
• Coupling
• Cohesion
END OF SESSION